高考英语单项选择解题技巧

高考英语单项选择解题技巧

一．命题原则

突出语境，强化语意，强调运用

二．单项选择题命题特点

覆盖面广，重点突出

淡化语法结构，重视能力

突出在语境中运用知识的考查

三．英语单项选择解题技巧

（一）找准关键词语

1.It is______ any wonder that his friend doesn't like watching television much.(广东)

A. no

B. such

C. nearly

D. hardly

此题的关键词是any, 因为any常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,而此句不是疑问句，也不是条件句,所以应该是否定句。no本身就相当于not any，于是排除A。.因此，正确答案

D(hardly=almost not)。

（二）分析句子结构

2.This is the main use that the scientists make______ natural resources.

A. in

B. up of

C. from

D. of

有些试题的考本来十分简单,但命题者却通过使用定语从句,或者将我们十分熟悉的固定词组有意拆开,重新组合,使我们在结构上产生错觉。that the scientists make…是定语从句,关系代词that是代表先行词use的,将其置入定语从句中,就得到that the scientists make use..显然是考查make use of 这一词组。正确答案是D。

（三）适当转换句式

3.---Mr. Wang ,whom would you rather ______ the important meeting?

---Tom.

A. have attend

B. have attended

C. having attend

D. have to attend

有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟悉的句式，就很容易选出正确答案。如：将疑问句、强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句，将被动句改为主动句，将无序句调整为正常句。此题若将疑问句改为陈述句，就是I have Tom attend the important meeting。其中would rather 后必须跟动词原形，have sb do sth.所以选A。

（四）补全省略成分

4.---What do you think made Mary so upset?

--- ______her new bike.(上海)

A. Lost

B. As she lost

C. Losing

D. Because of losing

口语中会使用一些省略句，作题是若将被省略的成分补充完整，答案就会一目了然。此题将答句补全，就是Losing her new bike made Mary so upset。显然，只能选C，用动名词作主语。

（五）删除干扰部分

5.We agree to accept______ they thought was the best tourist guide.

A. whichever

B. whoever

C. whatever

D. whomever

就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语，如I think/ suppose/believe，do you think/ suppose/believe，you know，of course等删除，从而更容易地选出正确答案。此题去掉插入语they thought ，可知宾语从句缺主语，又能与the best tourist guide 搭配的，只有答案B。

（六）利用对称结构

6.---English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?

---Y es. ______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.(上海)

A. Know

B. Knowing

C. To know

D. Known

就是在作题的过程中要善于利用and, but等并列连词。若前面是个句子，后面也是个句子，反之亦然；若连接的是几个动词，这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式。此题第二个and后面是个句子，所以前面也必定是一个句子，但是前面这个句子没有主语，只能选用动词原形，构成一个祈使句，因此答案是A。

又如：On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ______some bananas and visited her cousin.

A. bought

B. buying

C. to buy

D. buy

（七）注意标点符号

7.There are eight tips in Dr. Roger’s lecture on sleep, and one of them is:______ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.(重庆)

A. doesn’t go

B. not to go

C. not going

D. don’t go

标点有时对我们作题有提示的作用。此题很容易选B,认为是不定式做表语。其实冒号已经表明后面是Dr.Roger讲的原话，这原话应当是个句子，只有选D才构成一个否定的祈使句。

（八）熟记固定搭配

8.Mr. Smith used to smoke ______ but he has given it up.(天津)

A. seriously

B. heavily

C. badly

D. hardly

在平时的学习中注意积累一些常见的固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词和形容词的搭配等。因为指烟瘾或酒瘾很重，要用heavy或heavily ，因此答案是B。此外，雨雪下得“大”、烟雾“浓”、交通“拥挤”、波涛“汹涌”等，也用heavy。

（九）消除思维定势

9.Everyone here will thank the firefighter for the things they have done to prevent fires______ the environment safer.

A. make

B. to making

C. to make

D. from making

有些试题的题干，看上去好象就是固定搭配，我们高兴地完成以后，结果却做错了。要从句子结构上或者句子意思上分析，以免步入命题者设计的陷阱。此题容易误选D，以为是考查prevent sb. /sth. from doing 这一固定搭配的。其实，“使环境更安全”是“他们为防火所