英语语法大攻克--形容词比较级的构成

形容词比较级
一、形容词比较等级的构成：
英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。

形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。

规则变化
1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
【例】原级比较级最高级
great greater greatest
small smaller smallest
clean cleaner cleanest
2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）
【例】fine finer finest
nice nicer nicest
wide wider widest
3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
【例】big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
red redder reddest
4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。

以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。

以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。

【例】clever cleverer cleverest
narrow narrower narrowest
able abler ablest
easy easier easiest
5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。

【例】careful more careful most careful
difficult more difficult most difficult
delicious more delicious most delicious
不规则变化
原级比较级最高级
good/well better best
bad worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。

如： right, wrong, woolen等。

二、比较等级的修饰语
强调比较程度时，形容词(副词)前一般可加上too，very，so，quite等。

比较级前则要加上much, even, a little, a lot, still, a bit等词(组)表示程度。

如：This box is a bit heavier.
比较级前常见的修饰语可分以下四类：
①表示强调的修饰语：still, quite a bit, even, nearly, rather等。

②表示程度强、深的修饰语：much, a lot等。

③表示程度弱、轻的修饰语：a bit, a little等。

④表示数目、量的修饰语：twice, four times等。

三、比较等级的用法
(1)比较级用于二者的比较，表示其中一个比另一个"更……"，后面than连接另一个所比较的人或物。

单词than的后面无论接什么词，than前面的形容词(副词)均应用比较级形式。

有时，在下文明确的情况下，形容词(副词)比较级也可单独使用。

如：He is much taller than me.
Lesson 4 is easy. But Lesson 5 is easier.
(2)在使用比较级时，必须是同类事物的比较。

否则会造成歧义。

如：His hat is a little bigger than yours. (这里yours相当于your hat,不能用you)
(3)比较级的要避免自己与自己比较。

如：Mary is taller than any other student in her class.
(4)形容词最高级形式前要加定冠词，后面要用介词of或in的表示范围的短语。

最高级的主语要在比较范围之内。

如：This bike is the newest of all.
(5)形容词(副词)的比较级和最高级句型有时可互换使用。

如：Unit 3 is the easiest of all in the book. = Unit 3 is easier than any other one in the book.
I. 形容词比较级练习
1. Bob never does his homework___ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
A. so careful as
B. as carefully as
C. carefully as
D. as careful as
2.Now air in our town is _ than it used to be. Something must be done to it.
A. very good
B. much better
C. rather than
D. even worse
3. I feel __ better than yesterday. A. more B. very C. the D. far
4. China has a large population than __ in the world.
A. all the countries
B. every country
C. any country
D. any other country
5.This book is __ on the subject .
A. the much best
B. much the best
C. very much best
D. very the best
6.The sick boy is getting __ day by day.
A.worse
B. bad
C. badly C. worst
7.This necklace looks __ and__ sells__.
A. well, well
B. good, nice
C. nice, good
D. nice, well
8. Doctor Wang ___ heart operation
A. is interested on
B. like doing
C. does well in
D. is good at
9.the population of Shangdong is__ than that Sichuan.
A. smaller
B. larger
C. less
D. large
10.I didn’t go shopping yesterday.He didn’t __.
A. so
B. either
C. too C. neither
11.___ delicious the food is!
A.How B . how a C. What D. What a
12. What animal do like ___? I like all kinds of animals.
A. better
B. best
C. very
D. well
13.Hainan is a very large island. It’t the second__ island in China.
rge
B. larger
C. largest
D. most large
14.If you want to book a round –trip ticket,you’ll have to pay __ $30.
A.more
B. other
C. the other
D. another
15.A horse is __ than a dog.
A.much heavy
B.more heavier
C.much heavier
D.more heavy
16.Which is __ season in Beijing? I think it’s spring.
A.good
B.well
C. best
D.the best
ually Xiao Li spends __ time doing homework than Xiao Chen does.
A.little B less C. few D. fewer
II..用所给词的恰当形式填空。

1.Which is _______ (big) ,the sun,the moon or the earth?
2.Which is ______ (beautiful),the black coart or the blue one?
3.this mooncake is ____ (cheap) of all.
4.He is _______ (strong) in the class.
5.English is ____ (widely)spoken in the world.
答案
I. 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.B 11. A 12. B 13.C 14. D 15 C 16.D
17.B II.1. the biggest 2.more beautiful 3. the cheapeat 4. the strongest
5.the most widely。