自考高级英语下册Lesson_4_
高级英语课后习题lesson4
11) Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches.
其实，我大概可以把我们的家史追溯到南北战争以前。
11)As I see Dee is getting tired of this, I don‘t want to go on either. In fact, I could have traced it far back before the Civil War along the branches of the family tree.
1. with th one foot raised in flight
随时准备溜走
3. Dee, though.
完整的句子应该是Dee is not like this, though.译为：不过，迪伊就不 这样。
4. … was no part of sb’s nature.
14)She knew this was God’s arrangement.
III. Translate the following into Chinese:
1) In real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands. In the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day. I can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing; I can eat pork liver cooked over the open fire minutes after it comes steaming from the hog. One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes with a sledge hammer and had the meat hung up to chill before nightfall. But of course all this does hot show on television. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pancake. My hair glistens in the hot bright lights. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. (Para.5)
高级英语Lesson-4-The-Trial-that-Rocked-the-Worldppt课件
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7) When he read articles, he always has a dictionary at hand. 8) The construction of the dam got under way before any environmental
impact assessment had been done.（without…）
case. 3) I was the last one to expect that my case would develop into one of the
most famous trials in American history. 4) “This is a completely inappropriate jury, too ignorant and partial.”
I felt great sympathy for Bryan for being ignored by the spectators, who pushed by him to shake Darrow’s hand.
.
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2. Translation A. 1) I didn’t expect that I would get involved in this dispute. 2) You must involve yourself in this work if you want to learn something. 3) Racial discrimination still exists in various forms in the US although racial
高级英语2第三版lesson4爱情就是谬误课文翻译
高级英语2第三版l e s s o n4爱情就是谬误课文翻译-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1爱情就是谬误马克斯·舒尔曼查尔斯·兰姆是一个百年难遇的性情欢快且富有进取心的人。
他那令人难忘的作品《古瓷器》和《梦中的孩子》打破了随笔的羁绊。
下面这篇文章甚至比兰姆的作品更加随意。
实际上，用“随意”这个字眼来形容这篇文章或许并不十分恰当；用“柔软的”、“松软的”或“富有弹性”或许更为恰当。
尽管这篇文章所属的类别是模糊的，但可以肯定它是一篇散文。
它提出了论点，列举了例子，并得出了结论。
卡菜尔能写出比这更好的作品吗拉斯金呢那么，就读一读下面的文章吧。
这篇文章意在论证逻辑学远非一门枯燥乏味而又迂腐的学科，而是一种活泼、清新的事物，充满了美感、激情和创伤。
——作者注1. 本人头脑冷静、逻辑性强。
敏锐、精明、机智、灵敏、狡黠------这些品质我都具备。
我的大脑像发电机一样有力，像化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利。
难以想象吧！我才十八岁。
2. 如此年轻而又才智卓越的人并不常有。
就拿我在明尼苏达州大学的室友皮蒂·伯奇来说吧。
他跟我年龄相同，背景相似，却蠢笨如牛。
要知道，他是个英俊年轻的小伙子，可脑袋却空空如也。
他容易激动，情绪反复无常，易受影响。
最糟糕的是，他是一个爱赶时髦的人。
我认为，赶时髦是最缺乏理智的表现。
追随每一次新出现的时尚，身不由己地做着种种蠢事，仅仅因为别人都在这么做------在我看来，这愚蠢至极。
然而皮蒂却不这么认为。
3. 一天下午，我发现皮蒂躺在床上，脸上流露出一种痛苦不堪的表情，我立刻断定他得了阑尾炎。
“别动，”我说，“别吃泻药，我去请医生。
”4.“浣熊，”他咕哝道。
5.“浣熊”我停下飞快的脚步问道。
6.“我想要一件浣熊皮大衣，”他哭着嚷道。
7.我意识到他的问题不是身体上的，而是精神上的。
“你为什么想要一件浣熊皮大衣呢”8.“我早就该知道，”他哭叫着，捶打着自己的太阳穴，“我早就该知道查尔斯顿舞再度流行时，浣熊皮大衣也会再次时兴起来。
高级英语love is a fallacy -lesson 4 单词翻译
Lesson 4 Love is a FallacyMax Shulman词汇(Vocabulary): a false or mistaken idea，opinion，etc.；error谬论，谬见；错误----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:full of energy and initiative；willing to undertake new pr ojects有进取心的；充满首创精神的；有胆量的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: free from fetters；free from restraint of any kind；liberate除掉…的脚镣；解放；使获得自由----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:1acking or having lost stiffness；flaccid；drooping，wilted柔软的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: hanging in loose folds or wrinkles：soft and limp；flabby不结实的；松驰的；松软的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:of or like a sponge；soft and porous海绵(状)的；柔软有弹性的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: of or like a pedant迂腐的，书呆子气的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:a painful emotional experience，or shock．often producing a l asting psychic effect and sometimes a neurosis(精神)心灵创伤----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: shrewd or cunning. esp. in a selfish way；scheming精明的；(尤指)专为自己打算的；有算计的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:having keen judgement or understanding；acutely perc eptive聪颖的；敏锐的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: having or showing a clever or shrewd mind：cunning；crafty；wily 聪明的，敏锐的；精明的；狡猾的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:generator发动机----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: either of the shallow dishes or pans of a balance秤盘；天平盘----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:sharp；piercing锐利的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a small，light，straight knife with a very sharp blade，used b y surgeons and m anatomical dissections解剖刀，手术刀----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:a person who follows fads赶时髦的人----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a custom，style，etc．that many people are interested in for a s hort time；passing fashion；craze一度时髦的风尚，风行一时的东西；一时的狂热----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:something that is currently the fashion；fad一时的风尚；风行一时的东西；时髦----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: the highest point；point of culmination顶点，极点----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:inflammation of the vermiform appendix阑尾炎----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: any laxative medicine；mild cathartic轻泻药；通便剂----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:a small，tree—climbing, chiefly flesh—eating mammal浣熊----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: speak or say indistinctly and in a low voice；mutter喃喃地说；含糊地说----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:either of the flat surfaces alongside the forehead，in front of e ach ear太阳穴，鬓角----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: unwilling or unable to believe; doubting；skeptical不相信的；怀疑的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:not clean；harmful to health不卫生的；对健康有害的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: shed a natural growth or covering，as hair(毛发等)脱落----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:not sightly；not pleasant to look at；ugly不美观的；难看的；丑陋的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: current fashion潮流，时髦／砌the swim conforming to the curre nt fashion赶时髦----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:a specific adjustment 0f a toothed wheel(汽车等的)排挡----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: closely；carefully；thoroughly仔细地；严密地----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:the room or space just below the roof of a house；garret顶楼，阁楼----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: want ardently；long for with envy垂涎；觊觎----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:appealing to the intellect rather than the emotions；intellect ural理智的；凭理智行事的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness ma kes her a subject for the kind of pictures often pinned up on walls[口](女子)其照片可供倾慕者钉在墙上的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:1ines；shape of the body线条；身材----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: the material or qualities needed for the maki ng or development of something[常用复]素质；内在因素----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:conduct；behaviour；posture行为；举止；姿态----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: way of carrying and conducting oneself：carriage；manner举止，风度，姿态----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:good upbringing or training良好的教养(或培养)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: very beautiful or lovely，esp．in a delicate or carefully wr ought way优美的，高雅的，精致的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:an article characterized by special features，superior quality，novelty, etc．特产；特制品: the juice given off by meat in cooking肉汁，调味汁----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:a long—handled cup or similar container for dipping长柄杯或类似容器----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:chopped cabbage fermented in a brine of its own juice wit h salt泡菜----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:change direction：shift；turn or swing around改变方向；转向；变向----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:having a strong，tangy flavor like that of cooked game；stron g in smell有猎物气味的；气味强烈的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:excellent[口]好极了----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:feeling。
高级英语第二册1~4课重要词汇及paraphrase汇总
WordsLesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camile词汇:lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击;拍打pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows,esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打course (n.): a way of behaving;mode 0f conduct行为;品行;做法demolish (v.): pull down．tear down,or smash to pieces (a building,etc．),destroy:ruin拉倒;打碎;拆毁;破坏;毁灭motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech;harsh and throaty;hoarse粗暴的,粗鲁的;粗哑的。
嘶哑的batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton,hair,foam rubber,etc．床垫;褥子pane (n.):a single division of a window,etc.,consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame;such a sheet of glass窗格;窗玻璃disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up;disunite 分裂,分解,裂成碎块douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid;drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里;使浸透;brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function. unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty;ferociousness凶猛;凶恶,残忍;暴行swipe (n.):a hard,sweeping blow[口]猛击,重击maroon (av.): leave abandoned,isolated,or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境devastate (nv.): destroy;lay waste;make desolate毁坏,摧毁;使荒芜swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(挥动镰刀所及面积)huddle (v.): crowd,push,or nestle close together。
高级英语lesson4课文翻译
The Trial That Rocked the World震撼世界的审判约翰.司科普斯John Scopes1、A buzz ran through the crowd as I took my place in the packed court onthat sweltering July day in1925.The counsel for my defence was the famouscriminal lawyer Clarence Darrow.Leading counsel for the prosecution was William Jennings Bryan,the silver-tongued orator,three times Democratic nominee forPresident of the United States,and leader of the fundamentalist movement that had brought about my trial.在一九二五年七月的那个酷热日子里，当我在挤得水泄不通的法庭里就位时，人群中响起一阵嘁嘁喳喳的议论声。
我的辩护人是著名刑事辩护律师克拉伦斯.达罗。
担任主控官的则是能说会道的演说家威廉.詹宁斯.布莱恩，他曾三次被民主党提名为美国总统候选人，而且还是导致我这次受审的基督教原教旨主义运动的领导人。
2、A few weeks before I had been an unknown school-teacher in Dayton,a little town in the mountains of Tennessee.Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over.Seated in court,ready to testify on my behalf,were a dozen distinguished professors and scientists,led by Professor Kirtley Mather of Harvard University.More than100reporters were on hand,and even radio announcers,who for the first time in history were to broadcast a jury trial."Don't worry,son,we'll show them a few tricks," Darrow had whispered,throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open.几个星期之前，我还只是田纳西州山区小镇戴顿的一名默默无闻的中学教员，而现在我却成了一次举世瞩目的庭审活动的当事人。
自考高级英语下册课文讲解
I wish the speaker would confine himself to the subject.我希望演讲者不要离题。
Confine your criticism to matters you understand. 发表评论不要超出自己所了解的范围。
11. justify (v): show that sb. / sth. is right , reasonable or just 表明是正当的，有理的，公正的
They found it hard to justify their son's giving up a secure well-paid job. 他们难以理解儿子竟放弃收入颇丰的稳定工作。Tiredness cannot possibly justify your treating staff this way. 你不能以疲劳为由就这样对待职工
remain in the press by making a contrast with television based on the date out of a survey.
Having sharply criticized the partisan bit and the abuse of the sacred right entrusted to the
She'll be glad to get the exam over with. 等考试结束她就高兴了。
He looked upon the wedding ceremony as a mere formality --- something to be got over with as quickly as possible. 他只把婚礼看成一种形式，一件应尽快了结的事。
自考00600《高级英语》背熟重点
Lesson 1: Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he – or Dylan – is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young PeopleThe trouble with this solution is that it no longer is practical on a large scale. Our planet, unfortunately, is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscaped; except for the polar regions, the frontiers are gone. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life – but in general the stream of migration is flowing the other way.Lesson 4: Die as You ChooseIn January the Journal of the American Medical Association published a bizarre letter, in which an anonymous doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request. This started a debate that will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia. The letter was probably written for polemical impact. It is scarcely credible. It’s author claims that he met the cancer patient for the first time, heard five words from her – “Let’s get this over with” – then killer her. Even the most extreme proponents of euthanasia do not support such an action in those circumstances.Lesson 5: I’d Rather Be Black than FemaleIt is still women – about three million volunteers – who do most of this work in the American political world. The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. I n such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes.Lesson 6: A Good Chancethe back door which hung open, we saw people standing in the kitchen. I asked carefully, “What’s wrong?”Nobody spoke but Elgie came over, his bloodshot eyes filled with sorrow and misery. He stood in front of us for a moment and then gestured us to go into the living room. The room was filled with people sitting in silence, and finally Elgie said, quietly, “They shot him.”Lesson 7: Miss BrillAlthough it was so brilliantly fine – the blue sky powdered with gold and the great spots of light like white wine splashed over the Jardins Publiques – Miss Brill was glad that she had decided on her fur. The air was motionless, but when you opened your mouth there was just a faint chill, like a chill from a glass of iced water before you sip, and now and again a leaf came drifting – from nowhere, from they sky. Miss Brill put up her hand and touched her fur. Dear little thing! I t was nice to feel it again. She had taken it out of its box tat afternoon, shaken out the moth-powder, given it a good brush, and rubbed the life back into the dim little eyes. “What has been happening to me?” said the sad little eyes. Oh, how sweet it was to see them snap at her again from the red eiderdown! …But the nose, which was of some black composition, wasn’t at all firm. It must have had a knock, somehow. Never mind – a little dab of black sealing-wax when the time came – when it was absolutely necessary. … Little rogue! Yes, she really felt like that about it. Little rogue biting its tail just by her left ear. She could have taken it off and laid it on her lap and stroked it. She felt a tingling in her hands and arms. But that came from walking, she supposed. And when she breathed, something light and sad – no, not sad, exactly – something gentle seemed to move in her bosom.Lesson 8: A Lesson in Living"It was the best of times and the worst of times. . ." Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, music, lined on the pages, as in a hymn book? Her sounds began cascading gently. I knew from listening; to a thousand preachers that she was nearing the end of her reading, and I hadn't really heard, heard to understand, a single word.I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easilyI said aloud, "It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done…" tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness.Lesson 9: The Trouble with TelevisionEverything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world— has become more complex, not less. Yet its dominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is all symbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30-second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife who finds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nation surrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Lesson 11: On Getting Off to SleepWhat a bundle of contradictions is a man! Surety, humour is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation. With me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep. If, for example, my intention is to write an essay, and 1 have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper, you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep, no matter what time of the day it is. I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all. Even then, I proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of dream. But let me be between the sheets at a late hour, and I can do anything but sleep. Between chime and chime of the clock I can write essays by the score. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression. Nothing stands between me and half-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces but pens, ink, and paper.Lesson 12: Why I Writeof good prose or the rhythm of a good story. Desire to share an experience whichvaluable and ought not to be missed…Lesson 14: I Would Like to Tell You SomethingThe investigation was not staged so that veterans could spill out their hearts or purge their souls; it was done to prove that the policy of the United States in Indochina is tantamount to genocide, and that not only the soldiers are responsible for what is happening, but that everyone here in America who has allowed the brutalization and de-personalization to go on is responsible. It was done also to show that you don't start making things right by prosecuting William Galley, no matter how guilty he may be; you also prosecute the men who encouraged the situation. It was done to show that there is not just one Mylai but countless Mylais and they are continuing every single day. There was an almost total press blackout on the testimony of those veterans.Lesson 15: The Beauty IndustryWomen, it is obvious, are freer than in the past. Freer not only to perform the generally unenviable social functions hitherto reserved to the male, but also freer to exercise the more pleasing, feminine privilege of being attractive. They have the right, if not to be less virtuous than their grandmothers, at any rate to look less virtuous. The British Matron, not long since a creature of austere and even terrifying aspect, now does her best to achieve and perennially preserve the appearance of what her predecessor would have described as a Lost Woman. She often succeeds. But we are not shocked—at any rate, not morally shocked. Aesthetically shocked—yes; we may sometimes be that. But morally, no. We concede that the Matron is morally justified in being preoccupied with her personal appearance. This concession depends on another of a more general nature—a concession to the Body, with a large B, to the Manichaean principle of evil. For we have now come to admit that the body has its rights. And not only rights—duties, actually duties. It has, for example, a duty to do the best it can for itself in the way of strength and beauty. Christian-ascetic ideas no longer trouble us. We demand justice for the body as well as for the soul. Hence, among other things, the fortunes made by face-cream manufacturers and beauty-specialists, by the vendors of rubber reducing belts and massage machines, by the patentees of hair-lotions and the authors of books on the culture of the abdomen.下册Lesson One The Company in Which I workOn days when I ‘m especially melancholy , I began constructing tables of organization….classifying people in the company on the basis of envy , hope , fear , ambition , frustration, rivalry , hatred , or disappointment . I call these charts my Happiness Charts . These exercises in malice never fail to boost my spirits ----but only for a while . I rank pretty high when the company is analyzed this way , because I ‘m not envious or disappointed , and I have no expectations . At the very top , of course , are those people , mostly young and without dependents , to whom the company is not yet an institution of any sacred merit but still only a place to work , and who regard their present association with it as something temporary . I put these people at the top because if you asked any one of them if he would choose to spend the rest of his life working for the company , he would give you a resounding No ! , regardless of what inducements were offered . I was that high once . if you asked me that same question today, I would also give you a resounding No ! and add:Lesson Two EvelineBut in her new home , in a distant unknown country , it would not be like that . Then she would be married ---she , Eveline . People would treat her with respect then . She would not be treated as her mother had been . Even now , though she was over nineteen , she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father’s violence . She knew it was that that had given her the palpitations . When they were growing up he had never gone for her , like he used to go for Harry and Ernest , because she was a girl ; but latterly he had begun to threaten her and say what he would do to her only for her dead mother’s sake . And now she had nobody to protect her , Ernest was dead and Harry ,who was in the church decorating business , was nearly always down somewhere in the country . Besides , the invariable squabble for money on Saturday nights had begun to weary her unspeakably . She always gave her entire wages ----seven shillings ----and Harry always sent up what he could , but the trouble was to get any money from her father . He said she used to squander the money , that she had no head , that he wasn’t going to give her his hard-earned money to throw about the streets ,elbowed her way through the crowds and returning home late under her load of provisions . She had hard work to keep the house together and to see that the two young children who had been left to her charge went to school regularly and got their meals regularly . It was hard work ----a hard life ----but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life .She stood among the swaying crowd in the station at the North Wall .He held her hand and she knew that he was speaking to her , saying something about the passage over and over again . The station was full of soldiers with brown baggages . Through the wide doors of the sheds she caught a glimpse of the black mass of the boat , lying in beside the quay wall , with illumined portholes . She answered nothing . She felt her cheek pale and cold and , out of a maze of distress , she prayed to God to direct her , to show her what was her duty . The boat blew a long mournful whistle into the mist . If she went , tomorrow she would be on the sea with Frank , steaming towards Buenos Ayres . Their passage had been booked . Could she still draw back after all he had done for her ? Her distress awoke a nausea in her body and she kept moving her lips in silent fervent prayer .Lesson Three What’s Wrong With Our Press ?The fact is that although network television still allots too little time to the vital service of informing the public , it does a better job in that little time than the nation’s press as a whole . And when I speak of the nation’s press as a whole , I am not speaking of the five or six splendid newspapers ----and the one great newspaper -----which serve the world as models of responsible public information . I am speaking of the local press which in hundreds of American communities is the only news available , aside from those recitals of ticker tape that pass for radio news .Fortunately for the American public , television does not tolerate the kind of distortion of fact , the kind of partisan virulence and personal peeve , that many newspapers not only welcome but encourage . In its entertainment , television caters far too much to the lowest instincts of man , particularly the lust for violence . But there is one appetite it does not feed and which the partisan newspapers of the nation do : the appetite for hate ---hate of whatever is different . I do not find on televison the kind of editorials chronic in the New York tabloids as well as in many local papers across the country .that elevates news above dogfood . it is easier to write editorial copy that appeal to emotion rather than reason .Lesson Four The Tragedy of Old Age in AmericaWhat can we possibly conclude from these discrepant points of view ? Our popular attitudes could be summed up as a combination of wishful thinking and stark terror . We base our feelings on primitive fears , prejudice and stereotypes rather than on knowledge and insight . In reality , the way one experiences old age is contingent upon physical health , personality , earlier-life experiences , the actual circumstances of late –life events ( in what order they occur , how they occur , when they occur ) and the social supports one receives : adequate finances , shelter, medical care , social roles , religious support , recreation . All of these are crucial and interconnected elements which together determine the quality of late life .Lesson Seven Ace in the HoleNo sooner did his car touch the boulevard heading home than Ace flicked on the radio . He needed the radio , especially today . In the seconds before the tubes warmed up , he said aloud , doing it just to hear a human voice , “ Jesus . She ‘ll pop her lid . “ His voice , though familiar , irked him ; it sounded thin and scratchy . In a deeper register Ace added , “ She’ll murder me . “ Then the radio came on , warm and strong , so he stopped worrying . The five Kings were doing “ Blueberry Hill “ ; to hear them made Ace feel so sure inside that from the pack pinched between the car roof and the sun shield he plucked a cigarette , hung it on his lower lip , snapped a match across the rusty place on the dash . He rolled down the window and snapped the match so it spun end-over-end into the gutter . “ Two points , “ he said , and cocked the cigarette toward the roof of the car , sucked powerfully , and exhaled two plumes through his nostrils . He was beginning to feel like himself , Ace Anderson , for the first time that whole day , a bad day . He beat time on the accelerator . The car jerked crazily .The run must have tuned Bonnie up . When they got back home , as soon as he lowered her into the crib , she began to shout and wave her arms . He didn’t want to play with her . He tossed some blocks and rattle into the crib an walked into the bathroom , where he turned on the hot water andwent bald first . He remembered reading somewhere , though , that baldness shows virility .Lesson Eight Science Has Spoiled My SupperEconomics entered . It is possible to turn out in quantity a bland , impersonal , practically imperishable substance more or less resembling , say cheese ---at lower cost than cheese . Chain groceries shut out the independent stores and “ standardization “ became a principal means of cutting cost .Lesson Ten How Market Leaders Keep Their EdgeThe third value discipline we have named customer intimacy . Its adherents focus on delivering not what the market wants but what specific customers want . Customer-intimate companies do not pursue one-time transactions ; they cultivate relationships . They specialize in satisfying unique needs , which often only they recognize , through a close relationship with ---and intimate knowledge of ----the customer . Their proposition to the customer: We have the best solution for you , and we provide all the support you need to achieve optimum results , or value , or both , from whatever products you buy . Long distance telephone carrier Cable& Wireless , , for example , practices customer intimacy with a vengeance , achieving success in a highly competitive market by consistently going the extra mile for its selectively chosen , small-business customers .Lesson Eleven On Human Nature and PoliticsBut great as is the influence of the motives we have been considering , there is one which outweighs them all... Power, like vanity, is insatiable. Nothing short of omnipotence could satisfy it completely. And as it is especially the vice of energetic men, the casual efficacy of love of power is out of all proportion to its frequency. It is, indeed, by far the strongest motive in the lives of important men. Love of power is greatly increased by the experience of power, and this applies to petty power as well as to that of potentates. In the happy days before 1914,when well-to-do ladies could acquire a host of servants, their pleasure in exercising power over the domestics steadily increased with age. Similarly, in any autocratic regime, the holders of power become increasingly tyrannical with experience of the delights that power can afford. Since power over human beings is shown inconsent. If you require a building permit, the petty official concerned will obviously get more pleasure from saying "No" than from saying "Yes". It is this sort of thing which makes the love of power such a dangerous motive . But it has other sides which are more desirable . The pursuit of knowledge is, I think, mainly actuated by love of power. And so are all advances in scientific technique. In politics, also, a reformer may have just as strong a love of power as a despot . It would be a complete mistake to decry love of power altogether as a motive. Whether you will be led by this motive to actions which are useful, or to actions which are pernicious, depends upon the social system, and upon your capacities.Lesson Twelve The Everlasting WitnessThe three were eating breakfast on the terrace, a thousand and one felicitous birds in the garden trees. In unsullied damp brown circles of soft earth the roses bloomed serenely against the pink Mexican wall. Marian's brother-in-law read the English page, as dedicated as a nice little boy reading the funnies, and Theresa, Marian's sister, chatted softly and merrily about their next week-end holiday. Theresa's bright smile had always been her mark and now, childless and with a husband beyond war age, and a life both ordered and gay, it looked as if that smile had justified itself.Lesson Thirteen Selected SnobberiesAll men are snobs about something. One is almost tempted to add : There is nothing about which men cannot feel snobbish. But this would doubtless be an exaggeration. There are certain disfiguring and mortal diseases about which there has probably never been any snobbery. I cannot imagine, for exam4ple, that there are any leprosy-snobs. More picturesque diseases, even when they are dangerous, and less dangerous diseases, particularly when they are the diseases of the rich, can be and very frequently are a source of snobbish self-importance. I have met several adolescent consumption-snobs , who thought that it would be romantic to fade away in the flower of youth , like Keats or Marie Bashkirtseff. Alas, the final stages of the consumptive fading are generally a good deal less romantic than these ingenuous young tubercle-snobs seem to imagine . To anyone who has actually witnessed these final stages, the complacent poeticizings of these adolescents must seem as exasperating as they are profoundly pathetic. In the case ofexasperation is not tempered by very much sympathy. People who possesssufficient wealth, not to mention sufficient health, to go travelling from spa to spa. from doctor to fashionable doctor, in search of cures from problematical diseases (which, in so far as they exist at all. probably have their source in overeating) cannot expect us to be .very lavish in our solicitude and pity.lesson fourteen Saturday Night and Sunday MorningHe sat by the canal fishing on a Sunday morning in spring, at an elbow where alders dipped over the water like old men on their last legs, pushed by young sturdy oaks from behind. He straightened his back, his fingers freeing nylon line from a speedily revolving reel. Around him lay knapsack and jacket, an empty catch-net, his bicycle, and two tins of worms dug from the plot of garden at home before setting out. Sun was breaking through clouds, releasing a smell of earth to heaven. Birds sang. A soundless and minuscular explosion of water caught his eye. He moved nearer the edge, stood up, and with a vigorous sweep of his arm, cast out the line.Lesson Fifteen Is America Falling Apart?During my year's stay in New Jersey I let my appetite flower into full Americanism except for one thing. I did not possess an automobile. This self-elected deprivation was a way into the nastier side of the consumer society. Where private ownership prevails, public amenities decay or are prevented from coming into being. The rundown rail services of America are something I try, vainly, to forget. The nightmare of filth, outside and in, that enfolds the trip from Springfield, Mass., to Grand Central Station would not be accepted in backward Europe. But far worse is the nightmare of travel in and around Los Angeles, where public transport does not exist and people are literally choking to death in their exhaust fumes . This is part of the price of individual ownership.Lesson sixteen Through the TunnelAs for Jerry, once he saw that his mother had gained her beach , he began the steep descent to the bay . From where he was, high up among red-brown rocks, it was a scoop of moving bluish green fringed with white. As he went lower, he saw that it spread among small promontories and inlets of rough, sharp rock, and the crisping, lapping surface showed stains of purple and darkerblue.。
自考本科高级英语课后练习答案下册
自考本科高级英语课后练习答案下册Lesson one The Company in Which I WorkBy Joseph HellerA. Answer the following questions on the text :1. What kind if emotion dominates all the people in the company ?2. Why are salesmen afraid of most of the people in the company ?3. Why do salesmen still feel pressure upon them when they are doing well ?4. What kind of life are salesmen leading ?5. Do salesmen have any grudge about their work ?6. Why are people in the Market Research Department the least afraid ?7. What is the nature of the work done by the Market Research Department ?8. How does the narrator feel about his work now ?9. What does he do when he is especially melancholy ?10. What do you think is the theme of this passage ?Key A1. fear2. They are always on trial , always on the verge of failure , collectively and individually .3. Because they are afraid that they may start doing worse .4. They live and work under extraordinary pressure.5. Yes.6. Because their salaries are small , and they know they will not have trouble finding jobs paying just as little in other companies if they lose their jobs here .7. The nature of the work is to suggest ingenious ways of disguising reality .8. He is bored with his work very often now.9. He constructs tables of organization .. and classifies people in the company on the basis of envy , hope, fear, ambition, frustration , rivalry , hatred , or disappointment .10. Big company destroies the nature of people , and people have to do what they don’t want to do in order to survive in the company .B. Translate the following into Chinese :1. They hold meetings ,make promotions , and allow their names to be used on announcements that are prepared and issued by somebody else .2. He makes it clear to me every now and then that he wishes to see everything coming out of my department before it is shown to other departments .3. The result of this photocopying and distributing is that there is almost continuous public scrutiny and discussion throughout the company of how well or poorly the salesmen in each sales office of each division of the company are doing at any given time .4. They are stimulated and motivated by discipline and direction .5. Their budget , too , is small , for they are no longer permitted to undertake large projects .6. This happens not only to salesmen , but to the shrewd,,capable executives in top management .7. It’s a real problem to decide whether it’s more boring to do something boring than to pass along everything boring that comes in to somebody else and then have nothing to do at all .8. I frequently feel I ‘m being taken advantage of merely because I’ m asked to do the work I’m paid to do .Key B1. 他们主持持会议,研究该提升谁,别人准备并发布的通告上也要署上他们的名字.2. 他不时地让我清楚一个事实,即希望我的部门所做的每项工作在显示给其他部门之前先给他看看.3. 把统计数字复印,分发,这种做法的结果是公司每个部门的每个销售办事处的推销员在任何时期内业绩的好坏都不断地处于公众的审查和评论之中.4. 纪律和监督激励他们.5. 他们的经费很少，因为不再允许他们承担大的项目。
高级英语lesson4课件
VI. Detailed Study:
8. bring about: cause
Scientists
have brought about great changes in our lives.
VI. Detailed Study:
9. involve: to cause sb. to become connected or concerned
VI. Detailed Study:
7. nominee: a person who has been named officially for election to a position, office, honour, etc.
a
Nobel Prize nominee / a presidential nominee
The
witnesses testify / give evidence in the law court. One witness testified that he had seen the prisoner ran out of the bank after it had been robbed.
The She
doctor reassured the sick man about his health. won't believe it in spite of all our reassurance.
VI. Detailed Study:
cf: assure: try to cause to believe or trust in sth.; promise
I. Aims and contents of Teaching:
3.
高级英语2第三版lesson4爱情就是谬误课文翻译
爱情就是谬误马克斯•舒尔曼查尔斯•兰姆是一个百年难遇的性情欢快且富有进取心的人。
他那令人难忘的作品《古瓷器》和《梦中的孩子》打破了随笔的羁绊。
下面这篇文章甚至比兰姆的作品更加随意。
实际上，用“随意”这个字眼来形容这篇文章或许并不十分恰当；用“柔软的”、“松软的”或“富有弹性”或许更为恰当。
尽管这篇文章所属的类别是模糊的，但可以肯定它是一篇散文。
它提出了论点，列举了例子，并得出了结论。
卡菜尔能写出比这更好的作品吗？拉斯金呢？那么，就读一读下面的文章吧。
这篇文章意在论证逻辑学远非一门枯燥乏味而又迂腐的学科，而是一种活泼、清新的事物，充满了美感、激情和创伤。
——作者注1. 本人头脑冷静、逻辑性强。
敏锐、精明、机智、灵敏、狡黠---------- 这些品质我都具备。
我的大脑像发电机一样有力，像化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利。
难以想象吧！我才十八岁。
2. 如此年轻而又才智卓越的人并不常有。
就拿我在明尼苏达州大学的室友皮蒂伯奇来说吧。
他跟我年龄相同，背景相似，却蠢笨如牛。
要知道，他是个英俊年轻的小伙子，可脑袋却空空如也。
他容易激动，情绪反复无常，易受影响。
最糟糕的是，他是一个爱赶时髦的人。
我认为，赶时髦是最缺乏理智的表现。
追随每一次新出现的时尚，身不由己地做着种种蠢事，仅仅因为别人都在这么做在我看来，这愚蠢至极。
然而皮蒂却不这么认为。
3. 一天下午，我发现皮蒂躺在床上，脸上流露出一种痛苦不堪的表情，我立刻断定他得了阑尾炎。
“别动，”我说，“别吃泻药，我去请医生。
”4. “浣熊，”他咕哝道。
5. “浣熊?”我停下飞快的脚步问道。
6. “我想要一件浣熊皮大衣，”他哭着嚷道。
7. 我意识到他的问题不是身体上的，而是精神上的。
“你为什么想要一件浣熊皮大衣呢?”8. “我早就该知道，”他哭叫着，捶打着自己的太阳穴，“我早就该知道查尔斯顿舞再度流行时，浣熊皮大衣也会再次时兴起来。
我真傻，所有的钱都买了课本，而现在却没钱买浣熊皮大衣了。
高级英语二Lesson4课件
• 6) His own family: On September 12, 1953, Kennedy and Jacqueline Bouvier were married • They had three children--Caroline; John, Jr., whom his father called John-John; and Patrick Bouvier, who lived but a few days.
• Kennedy received only 18, 574 more votes than Nixon – • a fraction of 1 percent of the total vote.
Visiting Ireland
His last day in Texas on Nov. 22nd, 1963
• Style of the speech: • figures of speech, e.g. antithesis.
对偶，对句
• the appropriate use of words , parallel and balanced structures, repetition of words and phrases,
• The eldest: Joseph died in WWⅡ • The second: John
• • • •
Games, • The ex- mother-in-law of Arnold Schwarzenegger
F. Kennedy The fourth: died in an air crash The seventh: candidate, assassinated The eldest girl: mental problem The fifth: Eunice: Special Olympics
高级英语下课件Lesson4
⾼级英语下课件Lesson4Lesson four The Tragedy of Old Age in America⼀、Words and Expressions1.adj.adverse不利的,相反的,敌对的contrary,opposing,hostileadverse wind/ circumstances 逆风,逆境adv.adverselyn.adversity逆境,不幸,苦难unfavorable conditionto keep/remain cheerful in adversityto face adversity with couragen.adversary 对⼿,敌⼿opponentHe defeated his old adversary.2.adj.arbitrary任意的(at random),专横的dictatorialan arbitrary ruler/poweradv.arbitrarilyn.arbitrariness3.vt./n.barricade 阻⽌,阻碍（barrier）erect the barricadesbarricade sb.in/out of sth.They barricaded themselves in their rooms.barricade sth.off设障碍封锁……The police barricaded off the entrance to the square.n.barrierhindrancePoor health is a barrier to success.cultural/language barrier隔阂barrier of race and religion/doc/c8735530b968a98271fe910ef12d2af90242a89b.html e to terms with sb./sth.= reach an agreement 5.vt.conserve 保存,保护,节约使⽤conserve wildlife 保护野⽣动物preserve（保护,保持,保存）/deserve（值得）6.adj.contingent (up)on sth.依……情况⽽定,视……⽽定的,有条件的dependent on sth.Our success is contingent upon your continued help. n.contingency 偶发事件contingency plans/arrangements 应变计划/安排7.cost of living:expense,expenditureat the cost of sth.以……为代价cover the cost8.v.debilitate 使虚弱make sb.weaka debilitating illnessHuge debts are debilitating our economy.n.debility 虚弱,衰弱After operation,she suffered from general debility.9.defectn.缺点,⽑病,瑕疵fault,shortcominga defect of charactera defect of education systemadj.defective:imperfect,incompletebe defective in sth.be defective in one's characterHer hearing is found to be slightly defective.她的听⼒稍弱。
高级英语下册lesson4的parapharse 和translation答案
Lesson 4Paraphrase:1.A nice enough fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs.1.A fellow is nice enough but dumb.2.Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason.2.I think that fads are the pattern of lack of sense.3.I should have known they’d come ba ck when the Charleston came back.4.All the Big Men on Campus are wearing them. Where’ve youbeen?5. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.我的大脑一一这件精密的仪器一一即刻运转起来。
6.With one omission, Polly fitted these specifications perfectly.波利只差一条就完全符合这些条件了7.She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt that time would supply the lack. She already had the makings.8In fact, she veered in the opposite direction.8.In fact,she is dumb.9. “In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would beopen. Is that right?”9.That is to say,if you don’t date with Polly,others would have chance to do that.10.Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.他看了又看，越看越爱，慢慢地决心也就减弱了。
考试提纲 高级英语Lesson 4 Everyday use
Unit 4 Everyday use for your grandmammaMama (Ms Johnson) The narrator of the story.She is a middle-aged or older African-American woman living with her younger daughter, Maggie.Although poor, she is strong and independent, and takes great pride in her way of life.She is over weight, and built more like a man than a woman. She has strong hands that are worn from a lifetime of work.MaggieDee’s sister who was badly burned by a fire when she was young.She has low self-confidence and becomes uncomfortable when Dee is around.Maggie contrasts Dee by showing a special regard for her immediate family.DeeMrs. Johnson’s older daughter.She is attractive, sophisticated, and well-educated.She is also very selfish, bold, and overly confident.When she returns home, she insists her family calls her Wangero because she wants to be a bigger part of her culture. The only reason she wants this is because it’s suddenly the new trend.I.Words, Phrases and sentencesFine: thin, in small particlesNot handsome or beautiful: plain, unattractive. (Never say a woman or a girl is ugly. Say she is plain or homely.)feelings of respect and slight fear; feelings of being very impressed by sth/sb:The world has satisfied her sister’s every desire.Her sister has a firm control of life.1 (especially BrE) liking or good at sport: I’m not very sporty.2 (of clothes) bright, attractive and informal; looking suitable for wearing for sports: a sporty cotton top3 (of cars) fast and elegant: a sporty MercedesJC would find it very hard to talk as eloquently and humorously as me.Quick: receiving and/or responding with speed and sensitivity; keenWitty: very clever and humorousSidle v.intr.to walk towards something or someone slowly and quietly, as if you do not want to be noticed.a slow walk in which you take small steps and do not lift your feet completely off the ground:adj. dark and dirty:a dingy room / hotel dingy curtains / clothesneed to know.1 (disapproving) imagining or pretending things to be different or more exciting than they really are; fantasy.She tried to brainwash us with fantasies, and tortured us with a lot of useless knowledge.Wash, river, burn: metaphorwe seemed about to understand.Shove: to push sb/sth in a rough way; jostleDimwit: stupid person, simpletonDid Dee really want to ‘educate’ her family?无带浅口女鞋especially: a close-fitting woman's dress shoe with a moderate to high heelStare down:To cause to waver or give in by or as if by staringShe was determined to confront and to overcome any difficulty with her effort.[v] to move with small quick movements: Her eyelids flickered as she slept.Maggie is very cheerful when reading to me, but she often makes mistakes because she cannot see the words properly.Compare: …but can’t read well.Hook: hitSoothing: calming, comfortingFurtive: behaving as if you want to keep something secret [= secretive]P15:cute: very pretty or attractive; sexually attractiveShape: The contour of a person's body; the figureP15:scald verb [vn] to burn yourself or part of your body with very hot liquid or steam: Be careful not to scald yourself with the steam.Scalding adj.Causing a burning sensation, as from contact with hot liquid.Harshly critical or denunciatory; scathing: a scalding review of the playCheap and showy; gaudy. 俗艳的：低劣的或华而不实的；庸俗而华丽的Giving a momentary or superficial impression of brilliance 闪烁的，炫耀的：给人以短暂或表面印象的光彩或才华的(re)compose oneself: To make oneself calm down1. Solidly built; sturdy.2. Chubby; plump.1. to twist and turn your body or part of it with quick shortmovements Synonym wiggle2. to move somewhere by twisting and turning your body or part of it Synonym squirmstout: bulky in body; FATI am so heavy that I have to push myself up from the chair and I need to adjust my position before standing up.[v] to bend low and/or move backwards because you are frightened:go through the motions: to do something because you are expected to do it and not because you want to (often in continuous tenses). 装样子，走过场Lacking strength or firmness; weak or spiritless:To admit failure and stop trying; to stop hoping that somebody/ something will change or improve.P35 "There I was not," I said, “before 'Dicie'back?"A witty retortCrop up : to happen or appear unexpectedly: Her name keeps cropping up in conversation.also trip up [intransitive] to hit something with your foot by accident so that you fall or almost fall [= stumble]P45 She talked a blue streak over the sweet potatoes.to talk very much and very rapidly.have?"verb [vn] ~ A (from B)| ~ B (into A) to form a piece of wood, etc. into a particular shape by cutting small pieces from it:P53 "I can use the churn top as a centerpiece for the alcove table,”a: a small recessed section of a room : NOOKb: an arched opening (as in a wall) : NICHEDent, cavityrifle (through) something to search quickly through something in order to find or steal something[C] a small piece of sth, especially paper, cloth, etc. shred, bitto hold sb/sth tightly grip:[vn] [usually passive] (informal) to ask sb a question that is too difficult for them to answer or give them a problem that they cannot solve; baffle:[intransitive, transitive] to make an unpleasant noise by rubbing against a hard surface; to make something do this1 rather stupid1. Shamefaced or guilty.2. Downcast; intimidated.A person's lot or fateP75to take sth quickly and often rudely or roughly grab:to put something down in a careless or untidy wayto be successful in lifeII.Figures of Speech:1.Have you ever seen a lame animal,…? That is the way my Maggie walks.2.She was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts.3.It is black as night and around the edges are two long pigtails that rope about like small lizards disappearingbehind her ears.4.She gasped like a bee had stung her.5.When I looked at her like that something hit me in the top of my head and ran down to the soles of my feet.。
高级英语第二册1-4-6-10课(张汉熙主编)课后paraphrase原句+译文
Lesson 11. We're elevated 23 feet.We're 23 feet above sea level.2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it.The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3. We can batten down and ride it out.We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out.Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody out the back door to the cars!Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been killed by water.The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt.As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Get us through this mess, will you?Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis had just one delayed reaction.Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.Lesson 21. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot.The burying-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on whicha building was going to be put up.2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact.All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lighting speed.Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. …every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.However, a white -skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human beings.If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips would not be interesting)．10. …for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.life is very hard for ninety percent of the people．With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil．11．She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community，that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal．12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible.People with brown skins are almost invisible．13．Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms,…The Senegalese soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies．14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us? 15．Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. Every white man，the onlookers，the officers on their horses and the white N.C.Os. marching with the black soldiers，had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind．Lesson 31．And it is an activity only of human.And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings．2．Conversation is not for making a point.Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view．3．In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view．4．Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other's lives．5. …it could still go ignorantly on…The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong．6．There are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf).These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields；but when we sit down at the table to eat．we call their meat beef．7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language.The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers．8．English had come royally into its own.The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more．9. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes.The phrase，the King's English，has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes．The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people．10. The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there.There still exists in the working people，as in the early Saxon peasants，a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class．11. There is always a great danger that “words will harden into things for us.”There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent．For example，the word “dog” is a symbol representing a kind of animal．We mustn't regard the word “dog” as being the animal itself．12. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard，formal English all the time in their conversation．Lesson 41. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe...Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world.2. This much we pledge—and more.This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.5. …our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace…The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace.6. …to enlarge the area in which its writ may run…We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.7. …before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction…Before the terrible forces of destruction, which science can now release, overwhelm mankind; before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident, takes place8. …yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war…Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind's final war.9. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness,…So let us start once again (to discuss and negotiate) and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness. 10. Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.11. …each generation of Americans has been summon ed to give testimony to its national loyalty.Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country .12. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of ourdeeds, let us go forth to lea d the land we love,…Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability.Lesson61.Science is committed to the universal.Science is engaged in the task of making its basic concepts understood and accepted by scientists all over the world.2.The Fiesta appears to have sunk without a trace.The car model, called Fiesta, seems to have disappeared completely.3.It was the automotive equivalent of the International Style.The idea of a world car is similar to the idea of having a world style for architecture.4.As in architecture, so in automaking.Things that are happening in auto making are similar to those happening in architecture.5.No longer quite an individual, no longer quite the product of a unique geography and culture.The modern man no longer has very distinct individual traits shaped by a special environment and culture．6.The price he pays is that he no longer has a home in the traditional sense of the word.The disadvantage of being a cosmopolitan is that he loses a home in the old sense of the world．7．The benefit is that he begins to suspect home in the traditional sense in another name for limitations.The benefit of being a cosmopolitan is that he begins to think the old kind of home probably restricts his development and activities．8．The universalizing imperative of technology is irresistable.The compelling force of technology to universalize cannot be resisted．9．...when every artist thought he owed it to himself to turn his back on the Eiffel Tower, as a protest against the architectural blasphemy,When every artist thought it was his duty to show his contempt for and objection to the Eiffel Tower which they considered an irreverent architectural structure.10．...a mobile, extra human plasticity which was absolutely new.a flexible and pliable quality that was beyond human powers and absolutely new.11．It has thus undermined an article of faith: the thingliness of things.People used to firmly believe that the things they saw around them were real solid substances but this has now been thrown into doubt by science,12.That, perhaps,establishes the logical limit of the modern aesthetic.This is perhaps the furthest limit of how solid objective things may be disappearing．lesson 101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged…At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.2. The rejection of Victorian gentility was,in any case, inevitable.In any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement.3.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure….The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure.4. …it was tempted,in America at least,to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication..In America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. They pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily.5.Prohibition afforded the young the additional opportunity of making their pleasures illicit,...The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure.6….our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.7. …they‖wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up‖The young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad-venture before the whole war ended.8.…they had outgrown towns and families….These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families.9.…the returning veteran also had to face…the hypocritical do-goodism of Prohibition,…The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people.10. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to “give”…(Under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of America, who were already very tense, had to break down.11….it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and ―Puritanical‖gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center…It was only natural that hopeful young Writers whose minds and writings extremely opposed war, Babbittry and "Puritanical" gentility, should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic center.12.Each town had its ―fast‖set which prided itself on its unconventionality,…Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives.。
高级英语Lesson 4 The Trial that Rocked the World
5) Today the teachers are put on trial because they teach scientific theory; soon the newspapers and magazines will not be allowed to express new ideas, to spread knowledge of science.
I felt great sympathy for Bryan for being ignored by the spectators, who pushed by him to shake Darrow’s hand.
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2. Translation A. 1) I didn’t expect that I would get involved in this dispute.
2) You must involve yourself in this work if you want to learn something.
3) Racial discrimination still exists in various forms in the US although racial segregation violates the law.（is illegal）
10) Darrow had got the best of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. When I saw this, I felt sorry for Bryan.
自考高级英语课后习题及答案-上下全
Lesson one Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?ExercisesA.Answer the following questions on the text:1.what is the function of the two quotations ? Are they appropriate ?2.What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?3.According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ?4.In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ?5.How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ?6.What other major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ?7.What rewards did rock superstars get ?8.Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think the author ends the article the way he does ?Key A1.The author uses the two quotations to introduce his ideas . Yes , they are .2.The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have a totally different attitudes towards rock music .3.Rock music can express its times . He sees it as a debating forum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs .4.When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show , a debate took place . The old people frowned while the young viewers applauded.5.Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The Rolling Stones demanded revolution .6.Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions.7.The rock superstars got applause , praise and money .8.No , he hasn’t . He want s to leave the question to the re aders and let them think .B Translate the following into Chinese :1.“Jagger,” he said , “grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners .2.How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?3.Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?4.Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your society are .5.It’s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the1950s .6.Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject .7.This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to “get away from it all , “ to “go back to the old days .”8.In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent of the girls said their hero was a rock superstar.KeyBKeyB1他描述道:”贾格尔拿着半加仑水, 顺着舞台前沿,边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.”2. 你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?3. 还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?4. 一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说, 可以说明你和社会的态度.5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.7. 霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲”摆脱现实一切”/”重归昔日”的强烈愿望.9.在1972年的一次全国民意测验中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.C.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below,changing its form when necessary :Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody9.His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era .10.How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ?11.The peddler sprinkled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.12.In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons .13.That’s idle gossip . Don’t listen to it .14.She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified .15.The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him .8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country .D.Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV .2.It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President .3.Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ).4.Some people watch television so much that they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it .5.As it was an informal dinner , most people (wore ,were dressed ) in their comfortable clothes .6.Do you think those young people are (idealistic ,ideal ) or pragmatic ?7.Filled with great (adulation , admiration ) for their integrity and courage , he was determined to be a man like them .8.Deep at night , they could still hear gun-fire (rambling , rumbling ) in the distance .E.Explain the underlined words in English :1.“They think he is sick , sick , sick , “ Mike said .2.Newspaper editorialized against him .3.He poke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation .4.The Beatles … urged peace and piety …5.His most notable songs …while the lyrics celebrate the simple joy …6.… these rock musicians mirror feelings and benefits ….7.Horowitz sees the rock music arena as …a place where ideas clash and crash .8.What does he ---or any other current rock success ---tell us about his fans ?Key E1.disgusting2.Editors ‘ articles attacked and criticized him3.the confusions of the old people4.had a strong desire for peace and piety5.The words of the song praise the natural happiness of the old days .6.reflect emotions and outlooks7.a place where ideas come into opposition and contradict to each other8.other successful rock stars at presentF . Translate the following into English :摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国. 它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛. 在这个论坛上, 歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度, 唱出了他们对社会的不满,也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感. 总之, 在这个论坛上, 青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释. 早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利,歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等.他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄.Key FRock music began in America in the late 1950’s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . In this forum , the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a range of emotions between love and hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefs and feelings of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley , singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They were the culture heroes whom the young people worshipped .G. Write a short passage of 150—200words in English on the topic “Do you Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?:”You should cover the following points :1A general statement of your position ;2Two or three arguments with a supporting example for each .Key GDo You Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?Rock music began in America in the late 1950’s . It was not on ly a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .Music expressed its times . Rock music was a sociological expression rather than a musical force . It embodied the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. At that time young people might be dissatisfied with the society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , but they could not protest it openly . So they would use music as an outlet . Then they could get some balance in their minds .Another aspect is that the young people could make their ideas and beliefs known to the world through music . By music , they could show their felling and dreams . So all in all , young people combined invention and exaggeration ,reason and motion , word and sound , music and politics as a whole .Lesson Two Four Choices for Young PeopleA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.How do American young people look at the adult world in general ?2.What does “drop out “ mean ? Why does the author say that the dropouts lead a parasitic way of life ?3.In What way are those who flee different from the dropouts ?4.Why is this solution no longer practical on a large scale ?5.What kind of young people tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution ?6.Why does the author say that the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions have succeeded ?7.What are some of the new problems faced by the young people ?8.What is the fourth alternative ? Why does the author favor this alternative ?Key A1.They view the adult world with great skeptism .They think their world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice ,poverty and war .2.“Drop out “means its practioners escape the traditional way of life , refuse to take any responsibility and live a parasitic life . Because its practioners batten on the society which they scorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility .3.Those who flee are not parasites.They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community .4.Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes , except for the polar regions , the frontiers are gone .5.The young people who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force tend to follow this strategy .6.Because they live in bitter disillusionment to see the establishment they have overthrown replaced by a new one , just as hard –faced and stuffy .7.The unprecedent problems of an affluent society , of racial justice , of keeping our cities from becoming uninhabitable, of coping with war in unfamiliar guises , and of population explosion .8.The fourth alternative is to try to change the world gradually .Because it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy ..B. Translate the following into Chinese :1.Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries .2.During the last few years , I have listened to scores of young people ,in college and out , who were just as nervous about the grown –up world .3.They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the general community , but they simply don’t like the environment of civilization ;that is ,the city , with all its ugliness and tension .4.A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life .5.To them it offers a romantic appeal ,usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure.6.For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of , cleansed of all human meanness .7.The revolutionary state , under whatever political label , has to be run –not by violent romantics –but by experts in marketing , sanitary engineering , and the management of bureaucracies.8.About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes works – that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy .Key B1.很显然他所说的代表了许多同龄人的想法.2.在过去的几年中, 我听到过许多大学内外的年轻人的谈话, 对于成人世界,他们也有同感.3.他们愿意自食其力,并对社会大众做些贡献.他们不喜欢文明的环境,也就是说, 不喜欢那种丑恶/紧张的城市生活.4.一些极富有的乡绅可以回到农村的田园生活.5.对他们来说,这有一种浪漫/传奇的色彩,通常是以某个有闯劲/魅力超凡的人物为代表的.6.即使革命成功,胜利的曙光也不会照在光灿灿的/梦想的/消除了人类一切自私的新世界上.7.革命的机器,无论贴上什么样的政治标签,还得由市场销售/卫生工程/官僚机构的行家们来操作,而不是由那些极端的浪漫主义者们去操作.8.这种方法的惟一优点是, 它有时真的有效,--在一个特定的时间和地点, 与其它可选的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行为.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below , changing its form when necessary :Strike run out of cleanse disappoint insoluble unprecedent satisfy virtual contribute available symbolize vehement1.For many Americans , it is their lifelong dream to buy a satisfying /satisfactory two-storied house with a garden .2. To make Beijing our worthy capital , we must get it cleansed of polluted air , among other things .3.In a lot of cultures , red roses are used to symbolize love .4.Unfortunately , their car ran out of fuel , just ten miles short of Chicago .5. An unprecedented event in history took place in 1969 , when two American astronauts landed for the first time on the Moon .6. The detective finally gave up , declaring the mystery insoluble .7. Though high-sounding , his speech struck everyone at the meeting as totally irrelevant to what was discussed .9.If you travel by plane , Beijing and Guangzhou are virtually neighboring cities .D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The professor looked over our papers with a hasty (sight , glance ).2.Before ordering their dinner , they considered the (relevant , relative ) merits of chicken and roast beef .3.The little boy’s constant noise (exhilarated , exasperated ) his father , who was busy writing a paper for a symposium .4.Isn’t it (wholesome, noisome )to live in a city with so many vehicles passing day and night ?5.He was born in a small town (lived , inhabited ) by about 500 people .6.Her desk was all (jumbled , cluttered ) with old papers , strings , and other odds and ends .7.He thinks they are extremely (idealistic , ideal ) , for all their pragmatism .8.She made one last (attraction , appeal ) to her father for permission to go to the party .E. Explain the underlined words in English :1….who were just as nervous about the grown-up world .2.Unlike the dropouts , they are not parasites .3.This strategy also has ancient antecedents .4.…that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension .5.For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ….6.At first glance , this course is far from inviting .7.…it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available strategy .8.…another one looms just ahead .Key E1.They are doubtful and critical about the way the older generation is running the world .2.They don’t batten on the society . They support themselves .3.This strategy is not new . We had similar ones in the old times .4.The city is ugly and full of pressures .5.Their success doesn’t bring about a new world .6.This strategy is not attractive .pared with other strategies , it can change the world for the better . It can stop some of the world ‘s violence or crulty .8.Another problem appears before them .F. Translate the following into English :60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代. 他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会, 拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观. 很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去,有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会. 还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满. 他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活,或者跑到未开垦的乡村去, 过着原始公社式的生活.Key FThe American young people in 1960’s were a generation of rebellion . They found that the affluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn’t trust the adult world that didn’t belong to them and refuse d to take their beliefs and values . Many young people took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination and Vietnam War . Some young people even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. Many other young took passive ways to show their disaffections . They took drugs , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived a primitive way of life .G. Write a short passage of 150-200 words in Engli sh on the topic “My Comment on the Fourth Choice .”You should cover the following points :!.what the fourth choice is ;2.What you agree on with the author and reasons for your agreement ;3.What you disagree on with the author , if any , and your explanation .My Comment on the Fourth ChoiceThe fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time . Maybe at the first glance it is not inviting . It lacks glamour . It has no quick result . Itdemands patience . It depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making .I think the author is right . Reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Apennines , as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead . The problems are the same , too. Once some problems are brought under some kind of rough control , new problems take place . So we can’t solve all the problems at a time . We have to deal with one problem each time and change the world gradually and steadily . So problems can be handled in the same way that hard problems have been coped with before –piecemeal , pragmatically ,by the dogged efforts of many people . so I think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better cha nce for remedying some of the world ‘s outrages than any other available starategy .Lesson Three The Use of ForceBy William Carlos WilliamsA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.why wasn’t the sick child in bed ?2.why were the girl’s parents eyeing the doctor up and down distrustfully ?3.What made the girl refuse to open her mouth to the doctor ?4.Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat ?5.Why was the doctor not able to see her throat since he already had the wooden tongue depressor into her mouth ?6.How did the doctor finally get see the girl’s throat ?7.Did the girl’s physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of the incident ?Explain .8.Can you find any fault with the doctor’s behavior?Key A,1.Because it was damp there .2.Because they were the new patients to him and they were nervous .3.She didn’t want others to know that her tonsils were covered with membrane.4.Because the doctor took a trial shot that the girl might have diphtheria.5.Because she gripped the wooden blade between her molars and didn’t open her mouth to let the doctor have a look .6.The doctor overpowered the child’s neck and jaws , forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged .7.Yes , it did . Because she was very beautiful and didn’t want others to know her shortcomings . She thought tonsils covered with membrane were ugly .8.Yes . The doctor grasped the child’s head and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . He had grown furious at the child . He could have torn the child apart and enjoyed it .B. Translate the following into Chinese :1.When I arrived I was met by the mother , a big startled looking woman , very clean and apologetic who merely said , Is this the doctor?And let me in .2.He tried to get up , but I motioned for him not to bother , took off my overcoat and started to look things over .3.As often , in such cases , they weren’t telling me more than they had to , it was up to me to tell them .4.I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for the child’s first name I said , come on , Mathilda, …5.At that I ground my teeth in disgust . If only they wouldn’t use the word “hurt “I might be able to get somewhere .6.In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exhausted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me .7.…she opened up for an instant but before I could see any thing she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars she reduced it to splinters before I could get it out again .8.The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy , one says to one’s self at such times .Key B1.我到她家时先遇到她的母亲, 她一副惊讶/害怕的表情. 她穿着很干净, 只是礼貌地说, 您是医生吗?就让我进去了.2.他试图站起来, 我示意他不要麻烦,脱去外套, 开始检查.3.像往常一样, 在这种情况下, 他们不会告诉我更多的情况, 而是理应由我来告诉他们.4.我尽量露出我的职业微笑,询问小女孩的名字.我说,过来,玛蒂尔…5.此时我已厌恶地咬牙切齿,要不是他们使用”伤害”这个词,我可能早就采取行动了.6.在接下来的斗争中,他们变得越来越可怜,被制服,甚至精疲力竭,而小女孩由于害怕我而产生的狂怒却达到了顶点.7.她的嘴张开了一下, 我还没有来的及看清楚,她又闭上了嘴.,紧紧地用臼齿咬住木刃.我还没有来的及将它拔出,,她已把它咬成了碎片.8.那个可恶的小家伙很愚蠢,但我应当保护她, 此时我对自己这样说.B.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below , changing its form when necessary :Apologetic motion apprehension distrustful profusion admonish terrifying coax contemptible ensue desist overpower1.They heard of the traffic accident and immediately rushed to the hospital , full of apprehensions about the safety of the passengers .2.The terrifying explosion occurred early in the morning .3.As he entered the newly decorated building , an overpowering smell of paint made him feel quite sick .4.The old man yelled over and over again “stop thief ,stop thief !” But nobody did anything . The indifference of the onlookers was really contemptible .5.The police motioned for the crowd to move on to the next street .6.In Kunming , flowers grow in great profusion all the year round .7.The fans shouted and clapped so loudly that in the ensuing confusion nobody could hear a thing .8.The boys were frightened , but the police managed to coax them into telling him what they had seen that night .A.Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The girl looked at the doctor (terrifyingly, terrified ).2.“If you finish all the homework tonight , we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow , “ he (admonished ,coaxed).3.He thought their behavior was (contemptuous ,contemptible ),but he didn’t say anything in front of the host .4.Summoned by the boss , he approached his office full of(apprehension ,distrust ).5.He was sincerely sorry for what happened at the party , so people accepted his (excuse ,apology ).6.They were walking in the forest when they heard a (terrifying ,terrific )roar which made their blood freeze .7.Obviously they were getting nowhere with the meeting , so he decided to (desist ,resist ) from making a final decision that afternoon .8.“How can you say that you don’t want to see your grandmother ?”the father (admonished ,coaxed ).E. Explain the underlined words in English :1…very clean and apologetic…2…it was up to me to tell them ;…3.And there’s been a lot of sickness around .4.Nothing doing .5.I’m here to look at her throat on the chance that she mig ht have diphtheria …6.We’re going through with this .7…I too had got beyond reason.8.My face was burning with it .Key E1.polite2.It was my duty …3.There has been a lot of sick people near our home .4.She did nothing . There was no action .5.probably , possibly6.We’ll continue to the end .7.became unreasonable8.pleasure and enjoymentF.Translate the following into English :玛蒂尔达病了三天了,母亲给她吃了药也不见好, 只好请来了医生.由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉,而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙.但是无论怎么劝,她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里. 然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉,以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴,发现她果然得了白喉.这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿,在有的情况下, 一定的强迫似乎是必要的.Key F.Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn’t do any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been a number of cases of diphtheria in Mathilda’s school and two of them had been dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson’s home , he wanted to examine Mthilda’s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn’t open her mouth . So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . But Mathilda reduced it to splinters . In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , the doctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time . Letting Mathilda ‘s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she really had diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can’t only depend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seems necessary .G. Write a short passage of 150-200words in English on the topic “Comment on the Doctor’s Behavior . “You should covre the following points :1.Why he wanted to exa mine the girl’s throat ;2.how he tried to coax her to open her mouth ;3.what made him decide to use force to see her throat ;4.your opinion of the doctor’s behavior .Key G.Comment on the Doctor’s BehaviorAfter the doctor arrived at the girl’s home , he wanted to see her throat . As there had been a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month , the doctor also thought that of the girl . So he smiled to the girl and asked her to open her mouth and let him have a look at her throat . No matter how the doctor coaxed , the girl shut her mouth firmly .Thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it , the doctor decided to use force to open her mouth . He had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases . He felt that he must get a diagnosis now . So he grasped the girl’s head with his left hand and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . But when the doctor got the wooden spatula behind her last teeth . She gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it to splinters . In the final unreasoning assault the doctor outerpowered the girl . He forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . Her both tonsils were covered with membrane.From that the doctor had done , I thought he was a responsible person . In order to save the lives of the patients , especially those children who did not know how toco-operate with the doctor ,he had to take some measure . Otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed .Lesson Four Die as You ChooseA.Answer the following questions on the text :1.Is euthanasia openly practiced in Holland ?2.Why did the doctors in the U.S.sometimes secretly practice euthanasia without consulting the dying patients ?3.What is the difference between passive euthanasia and active euthanasia ?Do you think they make any difference ?4.What is a “living-will “?5.Did Hippocrates prohibit euthanasia ?Did most ancient Greek doctors and thinkers agree with his ban ?What did the author want to tell the reader by presenting this historical fact ?6.What is the danger involved if euthanasia is legalized ?7.Why did the author say that West Germany will not be able to legalize any form of euthanasia for a long time to come ?8.What is the author’s view on euthanasia ?Key A1.Yes, it is .2.Because they could rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients and voluntary euthanasia was taboo , the doctor had to make the decision himself .3.Passive euthanasia means the doctor lets the patient die without giving him any treatment on his own request . Active euthanasia means the doctor kill the patient by giving him an injection or enough painkillers . No, I don’t think they make any difference.4.“Living will “is a will made by a person when he is living that he does not want life prolonged when he is dying .5.Yes , he did .No, they didn’t .The author wanted to explain that when in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers had the courage to disagree with Hippocrates , we should support euthanasia today .6.It may pose dangers for society by setting a precedent for killing .7.West Germany will not legalize any form of euthanasia for a long time because of the shadow of the past .8.The author has an appositive attitude towards euthanasia . He supports it .A.Translate the following into Chinese:1.The need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer .2.In Holland mercy-killing is accepted by the medical establishment and openly practiced a few thousand times each year .3.The debate on euthanasia will rumble on into the autumn, when Californians may vote on a proposed law legalizing euthanasia .4.Many people accept that it is sad , undignified and gruesome to prolong the throes of death with all the might of medical technology .5.How long can the distinction between killing and letting die hold out ?6.Is he then necessarily wrong if he administers enough painkillers to kill ?Does the fact that the doctor performed an action, rather than an omission , condemn him ?7.It is probably no coincidence that it was Dutch doctors who most heroically resisted pressure to join in the Nazi medical atrocities .8.Countries with an uninterrupted recent libertarian tradition have less to fear from setting some limited rules for voluntary euthanasia .Key B.1.现在迫切需要制定有关安乐死的法律.2.在荷兰,安乐死已经被医疗机构所接受,并于每年公开实施数千次.3.这场有关安乐死的辩论将持续到秋天,直到加利福尼亚人投票表决了一项提议,使安乐死合法化为止.4.许多人认为用所能使用的医疗科技来延长死亡前的痛苦是悲哀的/不高尚的/可怕的.5.这种主动实施与被动使用安乐死的区别还能维持多长时间呢?6.如果他使用足够数量的止痛片来为其实施安乐死就有错了吗?医生采取行动,就应受到遣责吗?。
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• ultimately • adv. 最后, 最终 • All wealth comes ultimately from human labor. • 一切财富归根到底来源於人类的劳动。
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make way for 为 ... 让路, 为 ... 腾出地方 He stepped aside to make way for us. 他向旁边走了一步，给我们让路。 He was pushed out to make way for the director's son.
The Tragedy of Old age in America
• propelled into=pushed into • His addiction to drugs propelled him towards a life of crime. 吸毒上瘾使他走上犯罪道路。 The change is being propelled by the new economic upsurge. 新的经济高涨正促进变革。 • midst n.中间 prep.在...中间
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external adj. 外来的, 外部的, 外面的, 表面的 n. 外观, 外部, 外界事物 adj. [医]外用的 internal adj. 国内的, 内部的, 身内的
• Bittersweet adj. 又苦又甜的, 苦乐参半的 come to terms with 达成协议；妥协；让步；屈服 • e.g.①She has come to terms with her fate. • 她已听天由命了。 • ②He managed to come to terms with his illness. • 他设法忍住了疾病的痛苦。
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insight n. 洞察力, 见识, 深刻的理解 I've got an insight into the problem. 我对问题豁然开朗。 The book is filled with remarkable insights 这本书很有真知卓见。
• contingent on • 视 ... 而定, 随 ... 而定 • Our plan for an outing is contingent on the weather. • 我们外出游玩的计划视天气而定。 • Our arrival time is contingent on the weather. • 我们的抵达时间取决于天气情况。 • 。
• crucial • adj. 决定性的, 关键的 • Her work has been crucial to the project's success. • 她的工作对项目的成功至关重要. • Trust is crucial for successful friendship. • 相互信任是维系友谊的关键。
• inherently 本能地；本质上地；固有地；生 来就有的 • e.g. Man is inherently good.人生来就是好 的。 • 注意与naturally的区别，naturally表示自然 地，天然地，如naturally drooping branches 天然下垂的枝条
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• reassure • v. 使…安心, 再保证, 重拾(信心等) • The police reassured her about the child's safety. • 警察让她放心，她的孩子很安全。
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eradicate vt. 根除, 根绝, 消灭 He eradicated weeds in his garden 他把花园中的杂草根除了。 形容词: eradicable 名词: eradication
• barricade • n. 【C】路障, 街垒, 障碍物, 栅栏 • n. (常用复数形式)barricades:有激烈争论 的领域或议题
• vt. 设路障挡住, 阻拦, 封锁
• Please step behind the police barricade. • 请站在警戒线之后
• • • • • • •源自• • • • • • •
wishful thinking 如意算盘，痴心妄想 stark adj,（外表上）简陋的，荒凉的 the stark beauty of the New Mexico desert adj ,明摆着得，无掩饰的 stark reality adj,完全的，全然的，十足的 in stark contrast to 与...完全相反（形成鲜 明对照）
• stereotype • n. 模式化观念, 典型, 老一套陈规老套, 铅版 • The idea is an old-fashioned stereotype.这观点是 老一套了 • He doesn‘t conform to the usual stereotype of city businessman with a dark suit. 他不像典型的城市商人那样穿一身深色的西装。 She believes that she is not a good mother because she does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with her children. 她认为自己不是一位好母亲，因为她不像一般妇女 把所有的时间都花在孩子身上。 • v. 对…形成模式化的看法, 使用铅版
• What can we possibly conclude from these discrepant points of view? • discrepant 相差的，有差异的，矛盾的 • They reached widely discrepant conclusions. 他们的结论大相径庭。 There were many discrepancies between the two versions of the affair. 这件事的两种说法有很大出入。
• expectantly • adv. 期待地, 期望地 • The sailors are quiet, looking expectantly towards one ship. • 水手们静静地心怀期待地朝一艘船张望。
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toil n. 辛苦, 苦工 n. We were quite exhausted with the toil. 我们因那件辛苦的工作而感到十分疲惫。 n. 罗网, 圈套 v. 苦干, 跋涉, 费力地做
• vt. 先于 • The we should always precede the I. 集体总应先于个人。 • This duty should precede all others. 此项义务应该优先于其他一切义务。
• confrontation正视;对抗;对诊法;对质;比较;自 我对质;面对 • Banks often enter into confrontation. • 银行之间经常形成对抗局面。 • China always advocates dialogue and opposes confrontation in the Field of human rights. • 中国在人权问题上一贯主张对话，反对对抗。
• Aging is the neglected stepchild of the human life cycle.
• 衰老过程是人的生命周期中被遗忘的角落。
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neglect n.疏忽, 忽略, 漏做vt.疏忽, 忽视, 不顾 1.fall into neglect渐被忽视[忽略] 2.in a state of neglect处于无人照管的状态 3.treat sb. with neglect怠慢某人 1.Don’t neglect old friends, even if you no longer need them. ——AESOP • 即使你不再需要老朋友，也不要怠慢他们。——伊索 • 2.So absorbed as to neglect sleep and meals • 废寝忘餐
morbid adj. 病态的, 不正常的 副词: morbidly 名词: mor-bidness Don't be so morbid!别尽往坏处想！ A morbid melancholy 病态的忧郁 The morbid details of a Story
• lull sb. into doing sth.哄骗某人干某事 • e.g. His promise lulled her into believing that he loved her very much. • 他的诺言哄骗她相信他非常爱她。 • 类似的词组还有：cheat sb. into doing sth.; persuade sb. into doing sth.
sublime adj. 高尚的, 壮观的, 非凡的, 极其的 vt. 变高尚, 升华, 气化 n. 顶峰, 高尚 A hit song sublimed her as a star. 一首轰动一时的歌曲使她变成了歌星。There is only one step from the sublime to the ridiculous. • 伟大与荒谬只有一步之遥。 • Jiuzaigou is famous for its sublime scenery. 九寨沟以 令人叹为观止的景色而闻名。 She approached the angry crowd with a sublime lack of concern for her own safety. 她完全不顾自己的安危 走近愤怒的人群。
• colloquialism n口语体，口语说法（用法） • pasture n.牧场 • put sth/sb out to pasture放（牛马）等到牧 场吃草 认为某人年纪太大而使某人离职 （退休） • down the drain 被浪费掉，没有结果 • fogy 保守的人 • geezer a funny old geezer一个滑稽的老 头