现在分词作状语
现在分词 状语
现在分词状语
1. 现在分词可以用作状语,表示与谓语动词同时或居前发生的动作或状态。
2. 现在分词状语可以对主语、谓语、宾语、时间、地点、原因等进行修饰。
3. 现在分词状语可以表达主动、进行中、持续性的动作或状态。
4. 现在分词状语可用于表示伴随状况,如"他走着走着,突然停下来了"。
5. 现在分词状语与主句主语一致时,可以表达两者同时进行的动作,如"他打着电话走进屋子"。
6. 现在分词状语可表示对比关系,如"他笑着,我却哭了"。
7. 现在分词状语可以表示原因,如"天气太热,我们锻炼的时候总是汗流浃背"。
8. 现在分词状语可以修饰时间,如"晚饭做好了,我刚收拾完桌子"。
9. 现在分词状语可以修饰地点,如"他坐在沙发上看电视"。
10. 现在分词状语可以表示结果,如"他太累了,跑步跑着跑着就摔倒了"。
现在分词做状语
现在分词做状语现在分词被用作状语。
其实大多数情况下,现在分词和它的关联成分一起作状语,也就是现在分词短语作状语,相当于它对应的状语从句。
大多数情况下,可以放在句首,也可以放在句尾。
例:1.作时间状语Entering the classroom, the students began to read English.一进教室,学生们就开始读英语。
(相当于As soon as/After they entered the classroom)2.作原因状语The girl doesn't feel like eating any food, being ill for a few days.这个女孩不想吃任何食物。
她已经病了几天了。
(相当于Because she has been ill for a few days或Because of her being ill for a few days)3.作条件状语Working hard, he will succeed in passing the English examination.如果他努力学习,他能通过英语考试。
(相当于从句If he works hard)4.作让步状语Being tired after work, he still insists on studying French.下班后很累,他仍然坚持学习法语。
(相当于Though he is tired after work或Though tired after work)5.作结果状语People all over the world sing the song, making it popular.全世界的人都唱这首歌,这使它流行起来。
(相当于so that they make it popular)6.作方式状语Travelling by car , we enjoyed many beautifull places.开车旅行时,我们欣赏了许多美丽的地方。
现在分词作状语有几种形式-有用
(4)表示结果
a. The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.
b. we hurried to school ,finding there were no students in the school.
c. They opened fire, killing one of our patrolmen.
2
Relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the difficulties.
They stood there for an hour ,watching the game.
Don’t just stand there doing nothing.
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province.
=If we judge…
29
Generally speaking, every spy has a contact.
Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
23
注意2:分词作状语时,分词和 句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主 谓关系
逻辑上的主谓关系即分词的动作 由句子的主语发出或承受.
24
We are sitting here, making notes. make的动作由主语我们 发出
Being scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的动作由the boy承受
27
He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
现在分词作状语英语
英语现在分词作状语现在分词具有动词的一些特征,所以现在分词也有时态与语态的变化,同时它又具有形容词和副词的句法功能,所以分词在句中可以充当表语、定语、补语与状语的功能作用。
(一)现在分词的形式(以动词do为例)(二)作状语1)表时间(When) Crossing the street, the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework,he went out for a walk.2)表原因Not knowing Chinese, he couldn’t understand what I said.3)表条件(If ) Working hard, you will be successful some day.4)表让步(Though) working hard, he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5)表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking6)结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces.(三)与状语从句互换分词作状语当表时间、原因、条件、让步时可以与状语从句互换(分词作状语就相当于一个状语从句)1)表时间Crossing the street(=When the old man was crossing), the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework(After he had done his homework ),he went out for a walk.2)表原因Not knowing Chinese(=Because he didn’t know Chinese ), he couldn’t understand what I said.3)表条件Working hard( If you work hard ), you will be successful some day.4)表让步Working hard (Though he worked hard) , he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5)表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking (不好互换)6)表结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces. (不好互换)注意问题:1.要熟练掌握现在分词的四种表达形式。
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语如果现在分词表示的是主句动作的方式或手段,可以用作方式状语。
这时分词通常放在主句谓语动词之后。
例如:①He drove to the airport,listening to the。
all the way.他一路听着收音机,开车去了机场。
②She sat at the table,XXX.她坐在桌前写信。
③He solved the problem,using a new method.他用一种新方法解决了这个问题。
④The children ran out of the classroom,XXX.孩子们边跑边笑着喊着走出教室。
三、作原因状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的原因,这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前,其前常加上连词because或owing to。
例如:①Being tired,he went to bed early.由于累了,他早早上床睡觉了。
②Owing to the heavy rain,the game was put off.由于下大雨,比赛被推迟了。
③Because of having missed the train,he was XXX.因为误了火车,他开会迟到了。
四、作让步状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的让步,这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前,其前常加上连词though或although。
例如:①Though tired,he went on working.虽然累了,他还是继续工作。
②Although having failed many times,he didn't give up.虽然失败了很多次,他没有放弃。
③Though XXX,he still made the mistake.虽然老师警告过他,他还是犯了错误。
五、作条件状语现在分词有时可表示主句动作的条件,这时分词放在主句谓语动词之前,其前常加上连词if或unless。
例如:①If left alone,the baby will cry.如果不理睬它,婴儿会哭的。
现在分词作状语
4. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _____ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. (福建2010) A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent
Having been translated ______________________into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world. ( translate ) Having finished _____________his homework , he went to bed. ( finish )
T
Practice
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
5. “Can’t you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making
动词现在分词作状语
动词现在分词作状语
动词的现在分词可以用作状语来修饰句子中的谓语动词,表达其进行的方式、原因、时间、条件等。
在句子中作状语时,现在分词通常表示与主句动作同时或先后发生的动作,也可以表示原因、方式等。
1、例如:时间状语:
走路时,他喜欢听音乐。
("走路时"是现在分词短语,表示时间,修饰主句动作喜欢听音乐。
)
学习时,要专心。
("学习"作为现在分词,表示时间,修饰主句动作要专心。
)
2、原因状语:
下雨,比赛取消了。
("下雨"作为现在分词,表示原因,修饰主句动作比赛取消了。
)
感到紧张,她开始发抖了。
("感到紧张"作为现在分词,表示原因,修饰主句动作她开始发抖了。
)
3、方式状语:
静静地等待着,他看着窗外的景色。
("静静地"作为现在分词,表示方式,修饰主句动作看着窗外的景色。
)
用力地推开门,他跌倒了。
("用力地"作为现在分词,表示方式,修饰主句动作推开门。
)。
现在分词做作状语
现在分词做作状语分词作为状语是一种常见的用法,它可以修饰句子的主语、谓语、宾语或整个句子。
根据分词的形式和用法,可以分为以下几种情况:1. 现在分词作主语状语:现在分词可以单独作主语状语,表示伴随动作或状态。
例如:- Swimming is a good way to keep fit. (游泳是保持健康的好方法。
)- Running in the morning is refreshing. (早晨跑步很令人神清气爽。
)2. 现在分词作时间状语:现在分词可以表示时间状况,常用的有while, when, before, after等引导词。
例如:- While studying, he listened to music. (他一边学习,一边听音乐。
)- After finishing his homework, he went out for a walk. (做完作业后,他出去散步了。
)3. 现在分词作原因状语:现在分词可以表示原因或理由。
例如:- Being tired, she went to bed early. (她累了,所以早早上床睡觉了。
)- Having missed the bus, he had to walk home. (他错过了公交车,只能步行回家了。
)4. 现在分词作结果状语:现在分词可以表示结果,常用的情况有so, therefore等引导词。
例如:- He studied hard so as to pass the exam. (他努力学习,以便通过考试。
)- The weather was bad, so they stayed at home. (天气不好,所以他们呆在家里。
)。
现在分词作状语
5) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. 伴随状语 = Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 6) He came running back to tell me the news. 方式
可以表示时间, 原因 结果 条件 行 可以表示时间 原因, 结果, 条件, 为方式或伴随动作等。
If you use your head
1).Using your head, you’ll find a good way. 条件状语 Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.
7. The bell _______ the end of the period rang, ______ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted
2. ________the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repairing D. Examining
3. Mother caught the boy ______ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. being smoked D. smoking
3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. 时间
《现在分词作状语》课件
05
现在分词作状语的练习与巩固
选择题练习
总结词
通过选择题练习,学生可以加深对现在分词作状语的理 解,提高对相关句子的辨识能力。
详细描述
设计一系列关于现在分词作状语的选择题,每个题目提 供四个选项,让学生根据句子语境选择正确的答案。题 目难度可以根据学生实际情况进行调整,从简单到复杂 ,逐步提高难度。
让步状语
总结词
表示动作发生的让步条件
详细描述
现在分词短语用作让步状语时,通常放在句 首或句末,表示某个动作发生的让步条件。 例如,“Despite being tired, he insisted
on finishing the work.”(尽管累了,他 还是坚持完成了事项
详细描述
设计一系列中英文互译的翻译题,让学生将含有现在分 词作状语的英文句子翻译成中文,或者将含有相应中文 句子的英文句子翻译成中文。通过翻译实践,学生可以 更好地掌握现在分词作状语的用法,提高语言水平。同 时,教师还可以根据学生的实际水平,提供不同难度的 翻译题目,以满足不同层次学生的学习需求。
THANKS
条件状语
总结词
表示某个动作发生的条件
详细描述
现在分词短语用作条件状语时,通常放在句首或句末,表示某个动作发生的条件。例如 ,“Hearing the news, they immediately set off to the airport.”(听到消息后,
他们立刻出发去机场。)
伴随状语
总结词
表示动作发生时伴随的情况或结果
《现在分词作状语》 ppt课件
contents
目录
• 现在分词作状语的概述 • 现在分词作状语的形式 • 现在分词作状语的用法 • 现在分词作状语的注意事项 • 现在分词作状语的练习与巩固
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语2015/3/18一般来说,-ing形式表示主动、进行。
-ing形式作状语,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
现在分词的一般式(doing)作状语,表示动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生,而完成式(having done)作状语,则表示动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
一般说来,这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
一、现在分词短语作时间状语有以下三种情况:1.分词动作一发生,谓语动作紧跟着发生,这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语,其逻辑主语为句中的主语。
常用的动词,如:hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等,表示一个极短暂动作。
此种情况可以换作on+动名词,表示相同的意思。
译作"一(刚)……就……"。
此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句,该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。
如:Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.(= On hearing their teacher's voice… = When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupils…)一听到教师的声音,学生们立即停止讲话。
2.谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中,则用when /while+现在分词的一般式,分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。
此种情况可以用in+动名词的一般式代替。
也可以换作when、while引导的时间状语从句,该从句的谓语动词用进行时态。
如:Don't be careless when /while having an exam. = Don't be careless in having an exam. = Don't be careless when / while you are having an exam. 考试时不要粗心。
现在分词作状语
现在分词短语可以用作状语,修饰句子中由谓语表示的主要动作。
这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况,通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。
一般说来,这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
下面分述如下:一、作时间状语如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生,分词用一般式,有时其前可以加上连词while或when。
例如:①Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.(=When they heard the news,they...)听到这个消息时,他们都高兴得跳了起来。
②Walking slowly across the grass,he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.他慢慢地走过草地,把枪对准狮子就射击了。
③One day,while walking along the sands towards his boat,Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot.有一天,克鲁索沿着沙滩走向他的船时,在沙子里看见一个人的脚印。
如果现在分词的动作结束之后,谓语动词的动作才发生,现在分词应用完成式。
这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。
如果用一般式就会给人感觉到似乎是"某人在做某事时就开始做某事",容易产生误解。
但是,如果现在分词是hear,see等表示感官的动词或是leave,arrive,turn,open等表示位置转换或情况改变的动词,现在分词所表示的动作发生后,主句的动作往往紧接着发生,那就不必用完成式,仍用一般式。
例如:①Having watered the flowers(=After/When he had watered the flowers),he began to cut the grass.他把花浇好后,开始割草。
现在分词作状语举例说明
现在分词作状语举例说明
分词作状语,是指分词(动词的现在分词形式或过去分词形式)在句中充当状语,修饰主句的谓语动词,表示时间、原因、条件、方式等等。
以下是一些例子:
1. 时间状语:Having finished my homework, I went out for a walk. (我做完作业后,出去散步了。
)
在这个句子中,动词分词短语“Having finished my homework”作时间状语,说明主句中的动作发生在前一个动作完成之后。
2. 原因状语:Being tired, she decided to go to bed early. (她因为累了,决定早点睡觉。
)
在这个句子中,动词分词短语“Being tired”作原因状语,解释了为什么她要早点睡觉。
3. 条件状语:If invited, I will attend the party. (如果被邀请,我会参加派对。
)
在这个句子中,动词过去分词短语“If invited”作条件状语,表示只有在被邀请的情况下,我才会去参加派对。
4. 方式状语:He drove to work, singing loudly all the way. (他一路上唱着大声的歌开车去上班。
)
在这个句子中,动词分词短语“singing loudly”作方式状语,说明他开车去上班的方式。
这些例子展示了分词作状语的不同用法。
需要注意的是,分词作状语时一般放在句子的前面或者后面,如果在句子的前面,要用逗号将其与主句分开。
非谓语动词之现在分词作状语
VS
在处理主谓一致问题时,需要注意分 词短语中代词的性别和数,以确保与 主句主语一致。
逻辑关系问题
在使用现在分词作状语时,需要确保其与主句之间的逻辑关系清晰。现在分词描述的动作或状态应与主句的动作或状态有明 确的因果、条件或时间关系。
在写作中,应避免使用冗余的现在分词状语,以免造成句子结构复杂和语义混淆。同时,要确保现在分词与主句之间的连接 词使用得当,以明确表达逻辑关系。
结构独立性
02
03
结构复杂性
现在分词作状语通常与主句结构 紧密相连,而从句则可以独立成 句。
现在分词作状语通常结构简单, 而从句可能会因为包含多个句子 成分而显得复杂。
省略情况
省略频率
现在分词作状语在口语中经常被省略,而从句则相对 较少被省略。
省略条件
现在分词作状语的省略通常需要满足一定的语境条件 ,而从句的省略则需要满足特定的语法规则。
语态
现在分词作状语通常表示主动语态,描述主语主动执 行的动作或状态。
位置
位于句首
现在分词作状语可以位于句首,作为句子的开 头部分。
位于句中
现在分词作状语也可以位于句中,紧跟在主语 之后,作为谓语的补充说明。
位于句末
现在分词作状语还可以位于句末,作为句子的结尾部分。
02 现在分词作状语的用法
时间状语
伴随状语
总结词
表示两个动作同时发生或存在某种关联
详细描述
现在分词短语放在句首,表示与主句动作同 时发生的另一个动作。例如,“Walking along the beach, he felt the warm sand beneath his feet.”(沿着海滩走,他感到 脚下温暖的沙子。)
现在分词作状语的七种用法
现在分词作状语的七种用法
1. 表示时间,看呐,Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.(当我在公园散步时,看到了一朵漂亮的花。
)
2. 表示原因,你想想,Being ill, he didn't go to school.(因为生病了,他没去上学。
)
3. 表示条件,要是,Working hard, you will succeed.(努力工作,你就会成功。
)
4. 表示伴随,哎呀,She sat there reading a book.(她坐在那儿读着一本书。
)
5. 表示方式,就像,He came running.(他跑着过来了。
)
6. 表示结果,哇塞,The cup fell on the ground, breaking into pieces.(杯子掉在地上,摔成了碎片。
)
7. 表示让步,即便,Knowing it's hard, he still tries.(尽管知道很难,他还是尝试。
)
这不就是现在分词作状语的七种用法嘛,很简单易懂吧!多有意思呀是不是!。
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2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy.
*Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *过去分词短语作原因状语
3.If I were given one more chance, I would like to tell the girl, “I love you.”….
2.Because he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.
Being ill, he couldn’t go to school. *现在分词短语 作原因状语
3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.
Heated, water turns into steam
*When heated, water turns into steam. =When water is heated, water turns into steam.
5.The teacher stood there and he was surrounded by many students.
现在分词的独立成分
有些分词短语可以做独立成分,用来解释整个句子, 不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有: generally(frankly,honestly…) speaking, supposing (假设), judging from(从…判断), talking of(谈到), speaking of(谈到),considering(考虑到,鉴于)等
• When he read the book, he nodded from time to time. When reading the book, he nodded from time to time. When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood. Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
*分词作状语时,为使状语含义更
加明确,有时在过去分词(现在分 词)前
可加上适当连词如:while, when,once,if,unless,as if, though
*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦……”)
=Once it is used, the car will never be sold again.
If they had been given more attention
see ________ Seeing from the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box.
Seen ________from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.
选修六 Unit 5 Grammar
现在分词作状语
千万要注意V-ing 形式的规则哟!
不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和数的 变化,可以有自 己的宾语和状语。 还有时态和语态 的变化。
分词作状语
状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句 子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。
分词 作状语 伴随 让步 原因 条件 结果 时间 方式
分词的动作发生在谓语动词 的动作之前
一、分词做状语
1、现在分词的一般式(doing)与句中主 语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,与句中谓语动 作同时发生或者在其后发生。 2、完成式(having done)与句中主语构 成逻辑上的主谓关系,先与谓语动作而发 生。 3 过去分词(done)同动词现在分词的完 成形式(having been done)均与句中主 语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先与谓语动 词发生。
*Given one more chance, I would like to tell the girl , “ I love you.”…. *过去分词短语作条件状语
4.Although they had been defeated many times, they continued to fight. *Having been defeated many times, they continued to fight. =Although defeated many times, they continued to fight. *过去分词短语作让步状语
现在分词短语 作让步状语
5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句)
*The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking.
*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.
分词作状语功能表
表示的范围 1.时间 2.原因 3.条件 4.让步 相当的状语从句 时间状语从句 原因 状 语从句 条件 状 语从句 让步状 语从句 没有合适的状语从句
5.方式/伴随
A.现在分词作状语学与练
把划线部分改写成分词短语
并说明其功能 1.1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up.
正: He was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. 或 Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.
对比练习
1. ________many times , but he still C couldn't understand it . 2. _______many times , he still couldn't A/B understand it . A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. He been told 3. ______from space , the earth looks A blue . 4.______from space , we can see the B earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeingthey had finished their homework,
they went home.
Having finished their homework, they went home.
*现在分词短语作(时间状语 )
*Having finished their homework表现的动 作在went home( 之前),故用分词的 ( 完成式 ).
主动形式 一 般 式 完 成 式 被动形式
doing
being done having been done
having done
He came into the classroom, talking and laughing.
doing 作状语,表示分词的动作与谓
语动作同时发生
Having finished his work, he went home.
*The teacher stood there (,)surrounded by many students
= Surrounded by many students, the teacher stood there. *过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语
Having been told many times, he didn’t make the same mistake. Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking.
注意2:
--- ing形式(短语)的否定形式 常在其( 前面 )加not /never等。
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him.
注意1:
分词(短语)做状语时,分词前面可以 加上连词,但是分词和句子之间不能用 并列连词(如but,and,so),因为并列连 词接的是两个并列成分,而分词短语只 是全句的一个状语部分,分词和主句之 间可用逗号。
例如: 误: Having been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.
*现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语
*不可改成相应状语从句
现在分词作状语代替状语从句
-ing分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示
时间、原因、结果、条件、 让步、方式或伴随情况等,
注:从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致。 即-ing分词作状语时,它的逻辑主语就 是整个句子的主语,并表示主动的关系。
现在分词的时态和语态
having done 作状语,表示分词的动作先
于谓语的动作发生
B.过去分词作状语学与练
把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并 说明其功能 1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry. *从句的动词用的是被动语态 *Asked why she did it, she began to cry. *过去分词短语作时间状语 *过去分词的动作由主语承受