4 专题过关检测(十四)

合集下载

人民版历史选修3:专题四专题过关检测

人民版历史选修3:专题四专题过关检测

(时间:90分钟,满分:100分)一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分)1.1947年,杜鲁门在美国国会宣称,世界已分为两个敌对营垒,一种是“自由制度”,一种是“极权政权”。

其中后者是指()A.君主专制制度B.法西斯主义残余C.君主立宪制D.社会主义国家解析:选D。

本题考查对历史材料的辨析理解能力。

注意当时的时代背景,美国与苏联的矛盾激化,美国挑起冷战,攻击苏联的社会主义制度,把社会主义制度污蔑为极权制度。

故D 项符合题意。

2.二战后,美国实行冷战政策,其中不.属于冷战表现的是()A.援助希腊、土耳其B.马歇尔计划C.扶植联邦德国D.侵略朝鲜解析:选D。

本题考查冷战这一概念。

冷战是指除武力对抗以外的其他敌对方式,而侵略朝鲜是直接的军事冲突,属于典型的“热战”。

故D项不属于冷战的表现。

3.赫鲁晓夫在古巴导弹危机发生后说:“苏联政府将不会作出任何鲁莽决定,将克制自己不发火,……我们将尽一切力量防止战争爆发。

我们充分认识到,这场战争一旦爆发,从它开始那一刻起,就会成为一场热核战争和世界大战。

”赫鲁晓夫的这段话表明苏联() A.致力世界和平B.被迫放弃原有企图C.停止军备竞赛D.对外战略由攻转守解析:选B。

考查美苏争霸。

古巴导弹危机反映出美苏争霸中美国占据了优势,从赫鲁晓夫的讲话“苏联政府将不会作出任何鲁莽决定,将克制自己不发火”即可知此时的苏联被迫让步,放弃了原来在古巴设置导弹基地的企图,但A、C、D是反映不出的,从美苏争霸的发展也可知A、C、D是错误的,选择B项。

4.美苏争霸期间,两国力量此消彼长、相互制衡。

下列表明苏联退缩的史实是() A.结束越南战争B.执行“莫洛托夫计划”C.撤出古巴导弹D.签订《华沙条约》解析:选C。

撤出古巴导弹表明苏联的实力仍然弱于美国,体现了苏联的退缩,故C项符合题意。

A项有利于苏联的战略扩张,这与题意不符;B项指1947年苏联为了防止东欧“离苏倾向”,加强与东欧经济联系,援助东欧经济发展而与东欧各国签订的经济协议总称。

2020年春牛津版英语中考专题复习八年级Unit 4过关检测(Word版附答案)

2020年春牛津版英语中考专题复习八年级Unit 4过关检测(Word版附答案)

Unit 4过关检测时间:60分钟满分:100分一、单项填空(每小题1分,共10分)1.—Could you please show me how to use the washing machine?—Please follow the .A. instructionsB. introductionsC. inventionsD. invitations2.—How does Lily want to design the birthday card?—She doesn't want to do it by herself. She plans to ask someone else to do it, .A. yetB. insteadC. tooD. either3.The bottle is full water. Who has filled it water?A. of; ofB. with; ofC. with; withD. of; with4.Something when they decorated the room.A. cut outB. went wrongC. tidied upD. made a mistake5.Yangyang's mother bought two pens for him. One is blue, and is black.A. the otherB. otherC. anotherD. others6.—Would you please the meeting instead of me, Cindy?—I'll be glad to, but I have an after-school activity to .A. join; attendB. take part; join inC. attend; take part inD. attend; take part7. —Some young people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books.—That's too bad. Everyone be a book lover. Reading is more enjoyable.A. wouldB. mayC. shouldD. need8.—Jenny, you'd better your kid into the music hall. Maybe he is a bit noisy but he can learn a lot from the concert.—OK, I got it.A. takeB. not takeC. not to takeD. not taking9.—Do you think most people in Nanjing can talk with foreigners in English?—Yes, I think so. a young child an old person is learning to speak English.A. Either; orB. Neither; norC. Both; andD. Not only; but also10.—Can you help me repair the bike?—. Come and get it in half an hour.A. No problemB. I'm sorry I can'tC. Not at allD. It's a pleasure二、完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)Six-year-old Brandon decided one morning to make his parents pancakes. He found a big bowl and a spoon, pulled a chair to the table, opened the cupboard and pulled out the heavy flour(面粉)bag. He put some flour 11the bowl with his hands, mixed in a cup of milk and 12some sugar.Soon Brandon was covered with flour and getting frustrated(懊恼的). He wanted this to be something 13for Mum and Dad, but it was getting very bad. He didn't know what to do 14.Suddenly he saw his cat near the bowl and went to push her away, 15the egg box to the floor. He tried to clean up but slipped(滑倒)on the eggs, getting his clothes 16. Just then, he saw his dad 17at the door.Brandon's eyes were full of tears. All he wanted to do was something good, but now he was sure his dad would beat(揍)him, but his father didn't. 18, he picked up his crying son and kissed him.That's what we sometimes face in life. We try to do something good, but it turns into a mess(一团糟). Sometimes we just stand there in tears 19we can't think of anything else to do. Hopefully, someone close to us picks us up, loves us and forgives us. But we can't 20 trying to "make pancakes" for Dad or for others. Sooner or later we'll get it right, and then they'll be glad we tried.11.A. above B. at C. into D. under12.A. bought B. tasted C. gave D. added13.A. terrible B. forgettable C. good D. interesting14.A. certainly B. already C. recently D. next15.A. falling B. breaking C. knocking D. sending16.A. clean B. big C. cheap D. dirty17.A. standing B. sitting C. looking D. pushing18.A. Therefore B. Finally C. Instead D. But19.A. because B. though C. whenever D. so that20.A. stop B. keep C. mind D. finish三、阅读理解(每小题2分,共30分)AIn my spare time, I paint designs(图案) on T-shirts. I got the idea two years ago for my brother's birthday present. The shop wanted $20 for a special design on a T-shirt, so I decided to do it myself. I bought a white cotton T-shirt for $6 and some paints, and I painted a lion on the front. My brother loved it!Painting T-shirts is great fun. You needn't be a great artist, and you can just paint shapes(形状) and lines(线条). The T-shirts are the most expensive part of my hobby. You have to use special paints because they can last a long time. Brushes are not really expensive but you need to buy ones of good quality.I love my hobby because I can make quite different T-shirts for others. I give a lot of them away as presents to my family and friends. Sometimes, I sell them. Since I started, I've made about 60 T-shirts and each one is different.21.Two years ago the writer decided to .A. buy a T-shirt with a special designB. paint a special design on a T-shirtC. sell a T-shirt with a special designD. write a special word on a T-shirt22.How much did it cost the writer to buy a white cotton T-shirt ?A.$20.B.$8.C.$6.D.$2.23.What was the writer's first design?A. A shape.B. A line.C. A lion.D. A T-shirt.24.are necessary (必要的) if you want to paint a design on a T-shirt.A. Special paints and good-quality brushesB. Special paints and cheap brushesC. Good-quality brushes and good painting skillsD. Good painting skills and cheap paints25.The writer loves his hobby because .A. he can give away the T-shirts as presentsB. he can wear many cheap and beautiful T-shirtsC. he can make quite different T-shirts for othersD. he can have many beautiful T-shirts26. You can join the class if you like to .A. offer some recipesB. teach how to cookC. make desserts yourselfD. get some surprises27. You will in the class.A. eat the meal with the teacherB. celebrate the special daysC. learn 2-3 recipes each lessonD. have a hands-on experience28. You will pay for five lessons.A.$30B.$60C.$120D.$15029. How can you attend the class?A. Make a phone call to them.B. Send them an e-mail.C. Get information from parents.D. Come to the class directly.30.Where can we read this passage?A. On the Internet.B. In a magazine.C. In a storybook.D. In a travel guide.CThis morning I got an email from Roy. It seems that my boy really enjoys his new life at Harvard University.The email made me think of the first day when we moved into this house.Little Roy ran around the new house with great excitement and tried to move his own things into the house such as his toys, books and clothes. Suddenly his little hand knocked over a bottle of paint on the shelf. The paint made the tidy floor and white wall a terrible mess. "Oh!" My wife rushed in angrily. I looked at my son, and his small face was filled with fear.I smiled and held his hand, "Take it easy, Roy. Now let's do something to make it look nice."I took out a brush. "You see, Dad is a magician. I can change it into a big tree."His mother soon joined us and helped paint some flowers on the wall.We spent the whole afternoon painting and laughing. The wall became a beautiful forest with plants, birds and small animals. Blue sky and white clouds were also painted by Roy. On that day, everyone in the house knew something special happened.The night before Roy left for Harvard, he asked me if I still remembered the day when he had knocked over the paint. "Since then I've never worried about making mistakes," he continued, "I believe I can always find out ways to solve the problems."That's for sure. Mistakes are unavoidable(不可避免的), making mistakes is part of life. When we make a mistake, what we shouldn't do is to run away from it. The mistake can be valuable if we can make full use of it. In fact, our attitudes(态度) towards them may make a difference.31.When the bottle of paint was knocked over, .A. Roy felt down and hurt himselfB. the whole family became a messC. Roy's mother cleaned the floor at onceD. Roy's father did something special to Roy32.What did the father do with the paint?A. To give a magic show.B. To teach his son to draw.C. To draw a forest on the floor.D. To paint some pictures on the wall.33.How did Roy feel that whole afternoon?A. Excited but tired.B. Busy but happy.C. Useless and bored.D. Afraid and worried.34.From the passage, we know Roy .A. learn a lot from his fatherB. will become braver to face difficultiesC. will try to avoid making mistakesD. has a bad relationship with his mother35.What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the passage?A. It is natural for a person to make mistakes.B. Everyone must learn to pay for their mistakes.C. We should never be afraid of making mistakes.D. One's attitude towards mistakes is very important.四、任务型阅读(每小题2分,共10分)Tanghulu, is fruit covered with sugar on a stick, a traditional snack from northern China. It's also a necessary snack during the Chinese New Year season. Recently, in northern China, people welcome the return of spring by holding the Tanghulu Fair (庙会).Many Chinese still remember eating Tanghulu when they were young. It is said that the fair has a 500-year-old history. Nowadays, Tanghulu is not only a kind of snack, it is also a sweet memory of our childhood. Every year, a large number of Tanghulu sellers get together to start delicious Tanghulu Competition during the Spring Festival holidays. In the past, this traditional snack only used haws(山楂果), but now it also uses grapes, oranges, strawberries and so on. But people like Haw Tanghulu best. They are rich in vitamin (维他命) C and E. Do you know how to make Haw Tanghulu? First, wash the large haws clean, dig the seeds (籽) out, and pierce (刺破) ten haws on a stick. Then they heat the sugar, put the sticks of haws into heated sugar and quickly pull them out. When the sugar on the haws cools down and becomes a candy coat, the Tanghulu is done. Tanghulu is very popular in China, especially in Beijing. It also makes many foreigners want to taste it.We hope Tanghulu will become one of the most popular snacks in the world.根据短文内容回答下列问题36.Where is Tanghulu from?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________37.How do people welcome the return of spring in northern China?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________38.What do the Tanghulu sellers get together to do during the Spring Festival holidays every year? _______________________________________________________________________________ _________39.What kind of vitamin is the Haw Tanghulu rich in?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________40.What is the passage mainly about?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________五、词汇运用(每小题1分,共10分)(A)根据句意及汉语提示写出单词41.My teacher often (建议) everyone to buy a dictionary.42.The workers still kept (修补) cars at lunchtime.43.There was a (可怕的) wind last week and some trees were even blown down.44.Don't make so many (错误) in your homework next time.45.The book with a green (封面) may tell you a lot about DIY.(B)用所给单词的适当形式填空46.The books on those (shelf) are all about science.47.Tom, don't (cut) the ball open. It will be broken.48.Can you show me how (stick) a rose on the card?49.Not only Lucy but also Lily (have) got many friends in China.50.You'd better not (add) too much sugar to the dish or it will be too sweet.六、根据短文内容及首字母提示补全短文(每小题1分,共10分)An old carpenter was ready to retire(退休). His boss was sorry(难过的) to see the good worker go. He asked the carpenter if he could b51just one more house. The carpenter said yes, but his m52was not on his work any more.He used poor materials and worked on the house c53. When the carpenter finished his work, the boss handed the front-door key to him."This is your house,"he said. "A g54for you."What a surprise! What a shame! I55he had known he was building his own house, he would have done it differently. Now he had to live in the home he had poorly built. So it is with us. S56, we build our lives carelessly. At important points we do not try our b57. Then with a shame we look at the situation we have created(创造). We find that we are now living in the house we have poorly built. But we don't have a chance to make it all over a58.Think of y59as the carpenter. Think about your life. Build it wisely. It is the only life you will ever build. Life is a do-it-yourself project.Your life today is the r60of your attitudes and choices(选择) you made in thepast.Your life tomorrow will be that of your attitudes and choices you make today.51. 52. 53. 54. 55.56. 57. 58. 59. 60.七、书面表达(20分)大家都知道早餐很重要,你早餐吃什么呢?你会做鸡蛋煎饼(egg pancakes)吗?你能给英国留学生介绍一下如何制作鸡蛋煎饼吗?提示:1.食材:两杯牛奶,四个鸡蛋,一茶匙盐(salt),一些面粉(flour),一茶匙油(oil)。

部编版七年级语文下册期末专题复习专题一 字音字形知识梳理+过关检测试卷(原卷+解析卷)

部编版七年级语文下册期末专题复习专题一 字音字形知识梳理+过关检测试卷(原卷+解析卷)

部编版七年级语文下册期末专题复习知识清单+过关检测试卷专题一字音字形知识梳理第1课《邓稼先》元勋.(xūn)奠.基(diàn)选聘.(pìn)谣.言(yáo)背诵.(sòng)昼.夜(zhòu)昆仑.(lún)挚.友(zhì)可歌可泣.(qì)鲜.为人知(xiǎn)至死不懈.(xiè)鞠躬尽瘁....(jū gōng jìn cuì)当之无愧.(kuì)家喻.户晓(yù)锋芒.毕露.(lù)妇孺.皆知(rú)彷徨..(páng huáng)夐.(xiòng)萦.带(yíng)曛.(xūn)殷.红(yān)马革裹.尸(guǒ)兽铤亡群(tǐng)第2课《说和做》梳.头(shū)抱歉.(qiàn)秩序..(zhìxù)深宵.(xiāo)伴侣.(lǚ)小楷.( kǎi)硕.果(shuò)卓越..(zhuó yuè)迭.起(dié)澎湃..(péng pài)大无畏.(wèi)锲.而不舍(qiè)目不窥.园(kuī)沥.尽心血(lì)心不在焉.(yān)气冲斗.牛(dǒu)慷慨..穷年(wù)群蚁排衙.(yá)..淋漓(kǎng kǎi)仰之弥.高(mí)兀兀校.补(jiào)独裁.(cái)迥.乎不同(jiǒng)昂.首挺胸(áng)第3课《回忆鲁迅先生(节选)》舀.(yǎo)揩.(kāi)碟.(dié)捆.(kǔn)咳嗽..(tiáo gēng)绞.肉(jiǎo)薪.金(xīn jīn)..(ké sòu)调羹校对..(jiào duì)草率.(shuài)洗澡.(zǎo)悠.然(yōu)吩咐..(mǒ shā)疙瘩..(gēda)深恶.痛绝(wù)..(fēn fu)抹杀不以为.然(wéi)迺.(nǎi)阖.(hé)第5课《黄河颂》巅.(diān)劈.(pī)气魄.(pò)狂澜..(kuáng lán)浊流..(bǔ yù)..(píng zhàng)哺育..(wǎn zhuǎn)屏障..(zhuó liú)宛转榜样....(hào hào dàng dàng)..(bǎng yàng)浩浩荡荡第6课《老山界》攀.谈(pān)峭壁..(jǔ jué)..(gū lu)咀嚼..(qiào bì)骨碌呜咽....(kē juān zá shuì)..(wū yè)督.促(dū)灌输..(guàn shū)苛捐杂税酣然..(zhuō mō)惊惶.(huáng)蜷.(quán)缴.(jiǎo)..入梦(hān rán)不可捉摸第7课《谁是最可爱的人》坚韧.(rèn)淳.朴(chún)谦逊.(xùn)摁.倒(èn)覆.灭(fù)掰.断(bāi)迸.裂(bèng)脸膛.(táng)憋.闷(biē)聚歼.(jiān)过瘾.(yǐn)犁耙..(lí pá)军隅.里(yú)豁.亮(huò)第8课《土地的誓言》碾.(niǎn)誓.言(shì)胸膛..(xiōng táng)嗥.鸣(háo)山涧.(jiàn)斑斓..(bān lán)亘.古(gèn)默契.(qì)田垄.(lǒng)埋葬..(mái zàng)镐.头(gǎo)土壤.(rǎng)禾稻.(dào)丰饶.(ráo)污秽..(chǐ rǔ)..(wū huì)耻辱第9课《木兰诗》机杼.(zhù)军帖.(tiě)可汗..(kè hán)鞍.马(ān)鞯.(jiān)辔.头(pèi)朔.气(shuò)金柝.(tuò)红妆.(zhuāng)霍.霍(huò)云鬓.(bìn)雄雌.(cí)第10课《阿长与<山海经>》搁.(gē)掷.(zhì)脐.(qí)憎恶..(zēng wù)菩萨..(pú sà)震悚..(zhèn sǒng)竹竿.(gān)烦琐.(suǒ)土匪.(fěi)辫.子(biàn)胸脯.(pú)疮疤..(chuāng bā)诘.问(jié)哀悼..(mó lì)书斋.(zhāi)..(āi dào)茉莉霹雳..(cū zhuō)守寡.(guǎ)..(pī lì)粗拙第11课《老王》蹬.(dèng)绷.(bēng)捎.(shāo)惶恐..(huáng kǒng)肿胀..(zhǒng zhàng)荒僻.(pì)取缔.(dì)降.格(jiàng)镶嵌.(xiāng qiàn)门框.(kuàng)滞.笨(zhì)侮辱..(wǔ rǔ)愧怍..(kuì zuó)塌.败(tā)伛(yǔ)眼翳.(yì)第12课《台阶》啃.(kěn)蹦.(bèng)撬.(qiào)磕.(kē)门槛.(kǎn)厚道..(zāo gāo)醒悟..(xǐng wù)..(hòu dào)糟糕晌午..(fán zào)头颅.(lú)茬.(chá)..(shǎng wǔ)烦躁自言自语言外之意微不足道大庭广众第13课《卖油翁》矢(shǐ)汝(rǔ)睨(nì)酌(zhuò)阆.州(làng)自矜.(jīn)颔.之(hàn)忿.然(fèn)第14课《叶圣陶先生二三事》修润(rùn)生疏(shū)商酌.(zhuó)诚恳.(kěn)譬.如(pì)朦胧..(biè niǔ)..(léi zhuì)别扭..(méng lòng)累赘拖沓.(tà)妥帖.(tiē)诲.人不倦(huì)不耻.下问(chǐ)颠沛..流离(diān pèi)以身作.则(zuò)丁卯.年(mǎo)第15课《驿路梨花》寨.(zhài)撵.(niǎn)驿.路(yì)迷茫.(máng)陡峭..(lù sù)竹篾.(miè)简陋.(lòu)..(dǒu qiào)露宿悠.闲(yōu)修葺..(zhé sǔn)..(xiū qì)晶莹.(yíng)折损菌.子(jùn)麂.子(jǐ)第16课《最苦与最乐》揽.(lǎn)失意(shī yì)达.观(dá)契.约(qì)监督..(jiān dū)排解.(jiě)循.环(xún )如释.重负(shì)海阔.天空(kuò)悲天悯.人(mǐn)第17课《短文两篇》德馨.(xīn)鸿儒..(hóng rú)案牍.(dú)蕃.(fán)淤.泥(yū)濯.清涟.(zhuó lián)亵.玩(xiè)噫.(yī)第18课《紫藤萝瀑布》瀑.布(pù)迸溅..(tiǎo dòu)凝.望(níng)..(bèng jiàn)挑逗繁.密(fán)笼罩..(lǒng zhào)枯槐.(huái)遗憾.(hàn)仙露琼.浆(qiòng)忍俊不禁.(jīn)第19课《一颗小桃树》褪.(tuì)忏悔..(duō suo)矜.持(jīn)..(chàn huǐ)哆嗦执着..(wěi suǒ)渺.小(miǎo)..(zhí zhuó)服侍.(shì)猥琐魂魄..(chàn dǒu)赤裸.(luǒ)..(hún pò)幼稚.(zhì)颤抖贾平凹.(wā)孱.头(càn)摞.(luó)马嵬.坡(wéi)气血..方刚(qì xuè)轰.轰烈烈(hōng)祸.不单行.(huò xíng)第20课《外国诗两首》瞬.息(shùn)怀恋.(liàn)涉.足(shè)萋.萋(qī)幽寂(yōu jì)第22课《伟大的悲剧》拽.(zhuài)绑.(bǎng)搂.(lǒu)昔.日(xī)堡垒..(lǐn liè)吞噬.(shì)..(bǎo lěi)辜负..(gū fù)凛冽疲惫..(lǔ mǎng)毡.鞋(zhān)..(pí bèi)钦佩..(qīn pèi)鲁莽保佑.(yòu)厄.运(è)拯.救(zhěng)毋宁..(wú nìng)吞噬.(shì)羸.弱(léi)告罄.(qìng)怏.怏不乐(yàng)耀武扬威(yào)姗.姗来迟(shān)忧心忡.忡(chōng)语无伦.次(lún)海市蜃.楼(shèn)第23课《太空一日》弧.(hú)炽.热(chì)轮廓.(kuò)俯瞰..(fǔ kàn)模拟..(mò nǐ)遨.游(áo)严谨.(jǐn)稠.密(chóu)概率..(gài lǜ)灼.烧(zhuó)无虞.(yú)五脏六腑.(fǔ)千钧.负重(jūn)耐.人寻味(nài)惊心动魄.(pò)屏.息凝神(bǐng)第24课《带上她的眼睛》点缀.(zhuì)漫.步(màn)迟钝.(dùn)蒙眬..(méng lóng)闲暇.(xiá)凹.现(āo)拍摄.(shè)合拢.(lǒng)吟.唱(yín)孤零.零(líng)不期.而至(qī)心有灵犀.(xī)蔚.蓝(wèi)天涯.海角(yá)部编版七年级语文下册期末专题复习知识清单+过关检测试卷专题一字音字形过关检测(原卷)1.(2020·湖北黄冈市·七年级期末)下面加点字注音全部正确的一项是()A.迸.(bìng)溅告罄.(qìng)愧怍.(zuò)海市蜃.楼(shèn)B.炽.(chì)热亘.(gèn)古拖沓.(tà)迥.(jiǒng)乎不同C.殷.(yīn)切殷.(yān)红称.(chēn)赞称.(chèng)心如意D.校.(xiào)补学校.(xiào)强.(qiǎng)壮强.(qiǎng)词夺理2.(2020·河南安阳市·七年级期末)下列加点字,读音全部正确的一项是()A.鲁莽.(mǎng)厄.运(è)迭.起(dié)目不窥.园(kuì)B.哺.育(pǔ)炽.热(chì)愧怍.(zuó)忧心忡忡.(chōng)C.镶嵌.(qiàn)修葺.(qì)撵.走(niǎn)心有灵犀.(xī)D.契.约(qì)污秽.(huì)猥.琐(wěi)气冲斗牛.(dóu)3.(2020·湖北武汉市·七年级期末)下列各组词语中加点字书写或注音有误的一组是()A.斑斓.(lán)选聘惶.恐(huáng)酣然入梦B.修葺.(qì)循环商酌.(zhuó)大庭广众C.炽.热(zhì)繁琐迸.溅(bìng)契而不舍D.矜.持(jīn)闲暇屏障.(zhàng)海市蜃楼4.(2020·河南安阳市·七年级期末)下列加点字注音没有错误的一项是()A.萦.(yíng)绕亘.(gèn)古镐.(gāo)头锲.(qì)而不舍B.伛.(yǔ)偻殷.(yīn)红污秽.(suì)矜.(jīn)持C.挚.(zhì)痛谰.(lán)语愧怍.(zuò)斟酌.(zhuó)D.凹凼.(dàng)校.(xiào)补震悚.(sǒng)气冲斗.(dòu)牛5.(2020·河南许昌市·七年级期末)下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是()A.商酌.(zhuó)合拢.(lǒng)烧灼.(zhuó)诲.人不倦(hui)B.修葺.(qì)炽.热(chì)凸.现(āo)海市蜃.楼(shèn)C.契.约(qì)孱.头(càn)悼.念(dào)千钧.重负(jūn)D.矜.持(jīn)猥.琐(wéi)蕴蓄.(xù)毛骨悚.然(sǒng)6.(2020·河南洛阳·七年级期末)下列各组词语的字形和加点字的注音全都正确的一项是()A. 鞠.躬尽粹(jū)陡峭.(qiào)盘虬.卧龙(qiú)绸.密(chóu)B. 锲.而不舍(qì)瞬.息(shùn)忧心忡.忡(zhòng)吞噬.(shì)C. 颠沛.流离(pèi)呜咽.(yè)诲.人不倦(huì)迸.溅(bèng)D. 海市蜃.楼(shèng)憎.恶(zēng)耀.舞扬威(yào)修葺.(qì)7.(2020·江苏常州市·七年级期末)下列加点字注音全都正确的一项是()A.猥.琐(wěi)孤孀.( shuāng)矜.持(jīng)气冲斗.牛(dǒu)B.丁卯.(mǎo)忏.悔(chàn)修葺.(qì)心有灵犀.(xī)C.殷.红(yān)诘.问(jié)愧怍.(zuò)颠沛.流离(fèi)D.迸.溅(bèng)累赘.(zhuì)服侍.(sì)深恶.痛绝(wù)8.(2020·江苏南京市·七年级期末)下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是()A.忏.悔(chàn)履.行(lǔ)夺眶.(kuàng)精.疲力竭(jīng)B.瞬.息(shùn)依傍.(páng)迸.溅(bèng)怏.怏不乐(yàng)C.伫.立(zhù)契.合(qì)殷.红(yān)深恶.痛绝(wù)D.碾.谷(niǎn)祈.祷(qǐ)烽.火(fēng)哺.育(bǔ)9.(2020·扬州市梅岭中学·七年级期末)下列词语中,加点字的注音完全正确的一项是()A.折损.(sǔn)契.约(qiè)蜷.伏(juǎn)气冲斗.牛(dǒu)B.校.对(jiào)亘.古(gèng)暮.色(mù)诲.人不倦(huǐ)C.修葺.(róng)热忱.(chén)丰饶.(láo)哄.堂大笑(hōng)D.哺.育(bǔ)取缔.(dì)忏.悔(chàn)悲天悯.人(mǐn)10.(2020·江苏句容市·七年级期末)下列加点字读音完全正确的一组是()A.殷.红(yān)字帖.(tiě)眷.恋(juàn)毋.宁(wù)B.署.名(shǔ)哺.育(bǔ)土匪.(fěi)晶莹.(yíng)C.独裁.(cái)惩.罚(chén)诘.问(jié)钦.佩(qīng)D.秩序(zhì)溜.冰(liū)愧怍.(zhà)诙谐.(xié)11.(2020·江苏徐州市·七年级期末)下列词语中字形和加点字的字音全都正确的一项是()A.干涸.(hé)坍.(tān)塌麻木不仁神采奕奕B.抽噎.(yē)蹒.(pán)跚骇人听闻大相径庭C.禁锢.(gù)嗔.(zhēn)怪刨根问底不可救药D.晕.(yūn)眩称.(chèn)职怪诞不惊见异思迁12.(2020·广东茂名市·七年级期末)下列加点字注音有误的一项是()A.嗥.鸣(háo)山巅.(diān)浊.流(zhuó)呻.吟(shēn)B.田垄.(lǒng)召.唤(zhào)磅.礴(páng)怪诞.(dàn)C.辔.头(pèi)炽.痛(zhì)哽.住(gěng)哺.育(bǔ)D.啾.啾(jiū)机杼.(zhù)污秽.(huì)督.学(dū)13.(2020·天津和平区·七年级期末)下列加点字注音无误的一项是()A.忏.悔(chàn)孱.头(chàn)迸.溅(bèng)血.气方刚(xuè)B.炽.热(chì)一摞.(luò)负荷.(hè)忍俊不禁.(jīn)C.挑.逗(tiāo)猥.琐(wěi)愧怍.(zuò)怏.怏不乐(yàng)D.憎.恶(zēng)疮.疤(chuàng)羸.弱(léi)毛骨悚.然(sǒng)14.(2020·江苏句容市·七年级期末)下列加点字读音完全相同..的一组是()A.颤.动颤.抖颤.栗颤.颤巍巍B.纵横.横.行横.祸横.七竖八C.号.称号.哭号.角发号.施令D.供.桌供.养供.职供.认不讳15.(2020·天津津南区·七年级期末)下面各组词语中加点字的读音,完全正确的一项是()A.点缀.(zhuì)澎湃.(bài)心有灵犀.(xī)B.忏.悔(qiān)凛冽.(liè)酣.然入梦(hān)C.矜.持(jīn)愧怍.(zuò)忍俊不禁.(jìn)D.商酌.(zhuó)斑斓.(lán)锲.而不舍(qiè)16.(2020·天津东丽区·七年级期末)下列各组词语中加点字的注音,完全正确的一项是()A.殷.红(yīn)震悚.(sǒnɡ)锲.而不舍(qì)B.修葺.(qì)猥.琐(wěi)酣.然入梦(hān)C.愧怍.(zuò)羸.弱(yínɡ)忍俊不禁.(jìn)D.污秽.(suì)屏.息(pínɡ)怏.怏不乐(yànɡ)17.(2020·江苏扬州市·七年级期末)下列各组词语中,加点字的注音全都正确的一项是()A.着.落(zháo)匿.笑(nì)狭隘.(yì)拈.轻怕重(niān)B.狡黠.(xié)庇.护(bì)称.职(chèng)哄.堂大笑(hōng)C.徘徊.(huái)妥当.(dàng)头衔.(xián)畏罪潜.逃(qián)D.虐.待(lüè)突.兀(wù)呻吟.(yín)咄.咄逼人(duó)18.(2020·重庆渝北区·七年级期末)下列词语中加点字的注音正确..的一项是()A.点缀.(zhuì)屏.障(pín)峭.壁(xiào)鲜.为人知(xiǎn)B.撵.走(niǎn)哀悼.(dào)亘.古(gèng)锲.而不舍(qì)C.忏.悔(chàn)粗拙.(zhuō)愧怍.(zuò)忧心忡忡.(chōng)D.撬.动(ào)迸.溅(bìng)凛.冽(lǐn)苛.捐杂税(kē)19.(2020·浙江七年级期末)给下列加点字注音..或根据拼音写出汉字....。

新教材高中地理第4章交通运输布局与区域发展过关检测卷(含解析)新人教版

新教材高中地理第4章交通运输布局与区域发展过关检测卷(含解析)新人教版

第四章过关检测卷(时间:60分钟满分:100分)一、单项选择题(共20小题,每小题3分,共60分)下图中的铁路曾多次因大风导致列车脱轨、倾覆及设备损毁。

读图,完成第1~3题。

1.受大风危害最严重的路段是( )A.十三间房附近B.三间房附近C.了墩附近D.哈密市附近2.通过该铁路运往我国东部地区的货物主要是( )A.钢铁和机械B.石油和天然气C.小麦和甜菜D.棉花和瓜果3.该段铁路没有沿虚线走向修建,主要是因为虚线线路( )A.风灾危害大B.修建成本高C.洪涝灾害多D.占用耕地多2.D3.B1题,由图中风频可知,该地盛行西北风,根据等高线地形图可知,三间房位于山谷谷口处,峡谷地形加剧了风速,加大了风力的危害,所以受大风危害最严重的路段为三间房附近。

第2题,我国西部地区工业相对落后,钢铁和机械不是主要运输货物,A项错误;石油和天然气主要通过管道运输,B项错误;该地区不是主要小麦产区,C项错误;该区域气候干旱,光照充足,为我国主要商品棉生产基地,且昼夜温差大,有特色瓜果生产,D项正确。

第3题,山区修建铁路尽量少穿越等高线。

图中沿虚线线路走向需要穿越多条等高线,工程建设难度大,成本高。

读尼加拉瓜运河位置示意图,完成第4~6题。

4.①运河大大缩短了( )A.北美西海岸和南美西海岸之间的海运距离B.北美东海岸和南美东海岸之间的海运距离C.北美西海岸和北美东海岸之间的海运距离D.北美西海岸和亚洲东海岸之间的海运距离5.若尼加拉瓜运河建成通航,则经济收入可能受到较大冲击的国家是( )A.墨西哥B.埃及C.新加坡D.巴拿马6.尼加拉瓜运河建设过程中可能遇到的自然障碍有( )A.沿线湖泊众多B.火山、地震活动频繁C.高寒冻土广布D.溶洞、暗河众多5.D6.B4题,读图可知,①运河连通的是大西洋与太平洋,建成后缩短了北美西海岸与北美东海岸之间的海运距离。

第5题,现在连通大西洋与太平洋的是巴拿马运河,所在国家是巴拿马,若尼加拉瓜运河建成通航,从巴拿马运河过往的船只会减少,对巴拿马的经济冲击较大。

2021优化方案高考总复习·政治(新课标)试题:必修4第二单元单元过关检测(十四) Word版含答案

2021优化方案高考总复习·政治(新课标)试题:必修4第二单元单元过关检测(十四) Word版含答案

单元过关检测(十四)[同学用书单独成册](时间:50分钟,分值:100分)一、选择题(每小题4分,共60分)1.被古人称为“玉轮”“桂宫”的月球,随着航天观测的不断深化,确认其组成物质和地球基本相同。

这有力地证明白()A.不同的事物具有相同的物质结构B.世界的真正统一性在于它的物质性C.自然界依据自身的规律运动变化D.物质世界是永恒不变的解析:选B。

月球的组成物质和地球基本相同,证明世界的真正统一性在于它的物质性,故答案选B。

A 项说法错误,C项干肢不符,D项是静止的观点,均应排解。

2.清代诗人翁格在《暮春》中写道:“莫怨春早归,花余几点红。

留将根蒂在,岁岁有东风。

”诗中蕴含的哲理有()①物质世界是运动的②物质运动的规律是客观的③自然界的变化有其固有规律④人们在客观规律面前只能埋怨A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④解析:选A。

“留将根蒂在,岁岁有东风”,一方面说明物质世界是运动的,另一方面也说明自然界的变化有其固有规律,规律是客观的,①②③符合题意。

④否定了人的主观能动性,观点错误,含④的选项均应排解。

3.刻舟求剑的故事已为大家所熟知。

《吕氏春秋》这样评价刻舟求剑:“舟已行矣,而剑不行,求剑若此,不亦惑乎!”与此寓意相符合的是()A.只见树木,不见森林B.按图索骥,墨守成规C.士别三日,刮目相看D.量力而行,尽力而为解析:选B。

刻舟求剑只看到相对静止,而没有看到确定运动,是用静止的观点看问题,按图索骥,墨守成规,也是用静止的观点看问题,故选B项。

只见树木,不见森林,是强调整体与部分的关系,A项与题意不符;士别三日,刮目相看,强调用进展的眼光看问题,C项与题意不符;量力而行,尽力而为,强调一切从实际动身,同时发挥意识的能动作用,D项与题意不符。

4.2021年12月21日,十二届全国人大常委会第十八次会议初次审议《中华人民共和国人口与方案生育法修正案(草案)》议案,这意味着我国在连续坚持方案生育基本国策前提下,启动“全面二孩”政策,逐步调整完善生育相关的政策法规,促进人口长期均衡进展。

第四章过关检测卷(B)-2024-2025学年高中化学选择性必修1(人教版)课后习题

第四章过关检测卷(B)-2024-2025学年高中化学选择性必修1(人教版)课后习题

第四章过关检测卷(B)(时间:75分钟满分:100分)一、选择题(本题共9小题,每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

每小题5分,共45分)1.在日常生活中,我们经常看到铁制品生锈、铝制品表面出现白斑等众多金属腐蚀现象。

现通过如图所示装置进行实验探究。

下列说法正确的是()。

图Ⅰ图Ⅱ图ⅢA.用图Ⅰ所示装置进行实验,为了更快、更清晰地观察到导管中液柱上升,可用酒精灯加热具支试管B.图Ⅱ是图Ⅰ所示装置的原理示意图,图Ⅱ所示装置的正极材料是铁C.铝制品表面出现白斑的原理可以通过图Ⅲ所示装置进行探究,Cl-由活性炭向铝箔表面迁移,并发生电极反应:2Cl--2e-Cl2↑D.图Ⅲ所示装置的总反应为4Al+3O2+6H2O4Al(OH)3,生成的Al(OH)3进一步脱水形成白斑答案:D解析:具支试管内气体受热压强增大,不能更快更清晰地观察到液柱上升,A项错误;铁作负极,B项错误;铝箔表面发生电极反应Al-3e-Al3+,C项错误。

2.用电解氧化法可以在铝制品表面形成致密、耐腐蚀的氧化膜,电解质溶液一般为H2SO4-H2C2O4混合溶液。

下列叙述错误的是()。

A.待加工铝制工件为阳极B.可选用不锈钢网作为阴极C.阴极的电极反应式为Al3++3e-AlD.硫酸根离子在电解过程中向阳极移动答案:C解析:该电解池阳极发生的电极反应为2Al+3H2O-6e-Al2O3+6H+,铝化合价升高失电子,所以待加工铝制工件应为阳极,A项正确;阴极发生的电极反应为2H++2e-H2↑,阴极可选用不锈钢网作电极,B项正确,C项错误;电解质溶液中的阴离子向阳极移动,D项正确。

3.家用的一种储水式电热水器的结构如图所示,其中a、b为水管口。

下列说法正确的是()。

A.电热水器通电时,可将少量的水电解B.镁棒因提供电子而作阴极,保护了钢制外壳C.镁棒因表面生成Mg(OH)2而得到有效保护D.电热水器可将电能转化为热能答案:D解析:电热水器通电时,加热棒工作,电路不和水接触,不会电解水,A项错误;利用原电池原理保护金属,更活泼的金属镁作阳极(负极),失去电子,不断被腐蚀,可定期更换,钢铁外壳作阴极(正极)得到保护,B项错误;镁棒作阳极(负极),失去电子生成Mg2+,阴极(正极)上水电离出的H+放电,剩余的OH-与Mg2+结合生成Mg(OH)2,该设计是牺牲阳极保护法,故镁棒表面生成Mg(OH)2并非为了保护镁棒,反而影响了对钢制外壳的保护,C项错误;电热水器是用电能加热,使水温升高,该过程电热水器将电能转化为热能,D项正确。

统编本语文五年级下册第三、第四单元过关检测题附答案(各一套)

统编本语文五年级下册第三、第四单元过关检测题附答案(各一套)

统编本语文五年级下册第三单元过关检测题(根据部编版语文教材五年级下册第三单元编写)(时间:90分钟分值:100分)一、书法展示台:工整地抄写下面的句子。

(3分)中华汉字,生动形象。

传播文明,盖世无双。

二、积累运用。

(45分)1. 猜字谜。

(5分)①池中没有水,地里没有土。

( ) ②林字多一半,别当森字猜。

( )③宋字去盖,勿做木猜。

( ) ④一点一横长,两点一横长。

( )⑤千字头,木字腰,太阳出来从下照。

( )2.汉字的含义是丰富多彩的。

比如,有些汉字本身是表示颜色的,可是与别的字组成新词后,就有可能不再表示颜色了。

像“红人”就不能解释成“红色的人”,“白军”就指反动的国民党军队等。

请你解释下列词语中加点语素的意义。

(4分)(1)红.颜:。

(2)白.字先生:。

(3)红白..喜事:。

(4)黑.社会:。

3.在括号里填上“看”的近义词。

(填的字不能重复)(4分)仰()参()检()()梢博()()觉东()西()4.给下面的句子加上合适的标点。

(4分)(1)字典词典的意思就是从这里引申出来的。

(2)在竹木上写字写错了怎么办(3)汉字是一些多么可爱的小生灵啊(4)有人送枇杷给一个县官可他在礼单上把枇杷错写成了琵琶5.规范用字是每个中国人的责任。

现在网络中有许多用数字谐音和汉字开头字母代替汉字的现象。

下面是一个同学写的一段话,你能帮助他把其中不规范的地方改过来吗?(3分)昨晚,我的GG( )带着他的PY( )到我家来吃饭。

在饭桌上,GG的PY一个劲儿地笑,那样子真是好QG( ),7456(),我只吃了几口饭,就跟他们886( ),到QQ上给我的PY打帖子FXX( )去了……6.课内知识。

(17分)(1)先把下列歇后语补充完整,再对号入座。

(把正确答案的序号写在括号里)。

(9分)A.( )——照旧(舅)B.孔夫子搬家——( )C.隔着门缝吹喇叭—— ( )D.上鞋不用锥子——( )E.和尚打伞——( )①佛山陶瓷十分畅销,连外乡人也知道,可以说是( )啊!②我本来十分看好我们国家男子足球队,可自从世界杯开赛以来,球队是( ),真令人失望。

【数学】人教版六年级数学上册第四单元过关检测(含答案)

【数学】人教版六年级数学上册第四单元过关检测(含答案)

人教版六年级数学上册第四单元过关检测(含答案)时间:90分钟 满分:100分一、填一填。

(16分)1.把121:0.75化成最简整数比是( ),比值是( )。

2.4:5=( ):10=20:( )=( )÷15=( )(填小数)3.8:5的前项乘2,要使比值不变,后项应加上( )。

4.10g 糖完全溶解在90g 水中,糖与糖水的质量比是( )。

5甲、乙两人同看ー本书,甲用9小时看完,乙用6小时看完,甲、乙两人看完这本书的时间比是( ),比值是( )。

6.一种糖水,是按糖和水1:9的比配制而成,有800g 这样的糖水中含糖( )g ,水( )g 。

7.一个三角形三边之比为1:2:3,周长是60cm ,则最短边的边长是( )cm8.甲、乙、丙三个数的和是60,它们的比是2:3:5,那么甲数是( )。

9.一个三角形三个内角的度数之比为2:1:3,这个三角形最大的角是( )度,最小的角是( )度。

二、判一判。

(对的打"√",错的打“×")(10分)1.比值为51的比只有一个。

( )2把32:61化成最简整数比就是4。

( )3.比的前项乗3,比的后项除以31,比值不变。

( )4. 一本书看了它的52,看过的页数和没看过的页数的比是2:3。

( )5.边长分别为4cm 和1cm 的两个正方形,它们的面积比是4:1。

( )三、选一选。

(将正确答案的序号填入括号里)(15分) 1.0.3m:40cm 的比值是( )。

A.43B.24C.4:3 2.最简整数比的前项和后项一定是( )。

A 质数 B.奇数 C.互质数 3.( )杯中的水更甜。

A.糖10g,水100gB.糖20g,水150gC.糖30g,水200g 4.六(1)班男生人数和女生人数的比是9:8,男生人数与全班人数的比( )。

A.8:9B.8:17 C9:175.一个比前项是3,当前项增加6时,要使比值不变,后项应该( )。

六年级数学上册《图形的周长与面积》(专题过关检测卷)人教版

六年级数学上册《图形的周长与面积》(专题过关检测卷)人教版

14 .《图形的周长与面积》专题过关检测卷—、选择题(每题2分,共10分)1.一个边长10厘米的正方形,相邻的一边增加2厘米,另一边减少2厘米,那么它的____。

A.周长与面积都不变B.周长不变,面积变小C.面积相等,周长增加D.周长不变,面积变大2.右图中阴影部分甲的面积____乙的面积。

A.大于B.等于C.小于D.无法判断3.一个周长是72厘米的长方形,它是由三个大小一样的正方形拼成的,每个正方形的面积是____平方厘米。

A. 24B. 48C. 72D. 814.把平行四边形转化成长方形(如下图),转化后的图形与原来相比,它的____。

A.面积和周长都没变B.面积变了,周长没变C.周长变了,面积没变D.无法确定5.一个直角梯形,如果下底增加L 5分米,面积就增加31.5平方分米;如果上底增加12分米,就得到一个正方形。

这个直角梯形的面积是____平方分米。

A. 1512B. 1324C. 1628D. 1524二、填空题(每题2分,共12分)1.一个长方形的周长是50厘米,且长是宽的4倍,那么这个长方形的面积____平方厘米。

2.右图中长方形的长为4分米,宽为2分米,则阴影部分的面积是____平方分米。

3.在一块长方形的草坪中,修了一个正方形的花坛,花坛边长为3米,这个周长为146米,宽为25米的草坪还剩面积____平方米。

4.一个三角形的底是6厘米,面积是12平方厘米,和它等高的平行四边形的底是三角形底的2倍,平行四边形的面积是____平方厘米。

5.面积相等的两个三角形,第一个底是40厘米,高是35厘米;第二个底是70厘米,高是____厘米。

6.一个正方形的边长增加5厘米,它的面积就会增加95平方厘米(如图所示),原来的正方形的边长是____厘米。

三、解答题(每题4分,共24分)5cm1.将边长为10厘米的五张正方形纸片如图放置,每张小正方形纸片被盖住的部分是一个较小的正方形,它的边长是原正方形边长的一半,则图中的图形外轮廓(图中粗线条)的周长为多少厘米?2.如图,正方形的周长为47厘米,里面长方形的四条边分别平行于正方形的四条边。

4.《逻辑推理》专题过关检测卷带解析

4.《逻辑推理》专题过关检测卷带解析

4.《逻辑推理》专题过关检测卷A卷(50分)一、填空题(每题3分,共30分)1.甲、乙、丙三人进行跑步比赛。

A,B,C三人对比赛结果进行预测。

A说:“甲肯定是第一名。

”B说:“甲不是最后一名。

”C说:“甲肯定不是第一名。

”其中只有一人对比赛结果的预测是对的。

预测对的是_____。

2.A,B,C,D,E和F六人在一圆桌边坐下。

B是坐在A右边的第二人;C是坐在F右边的第二人;D坐在E的正对面,还有F和E不相邻。

那么,坐在A和B之间的是_____。

3.甲、乙、丙、丁与小明五位同学进入象棋决赛。

每两人都要比赛一盘,每胜一盘得2分,和一盘得1分,输一盘得0分。

到现在为止,甲赛了4盘,共得了2分;乙赛了3盘,得了4分;丙赛了2盘,得了1分;丁赛了1盘,得了2分。

那么小明现在已赛了____盘,得了____分。

4.曹、钱、刘、洪四个人出差,住在同一个招待所。

一天下午,他们分别要找一个单位去办事。

甲单位星期一不接待,乙单位星期二不接待,丙单位星期四不接待,丁单位只在星期一、三、五接待,星期日四个单位都不接待。

曹:“两天前,我去误了一次,今天再去一次,还可以与老洪同走一条路。

”钱:“今天我一定得去,要不明天人家就不接待了。

”刘:“这星期的前几天和今天我去都能办事。

”洪:“我今天和明天去,对方都接待。

”那么,这一天是星期____,刘要去____单位,钱要去____单位,曹要去____单位,洪要去____单位。

5.四位外国朋友住在十八层高的饭店里,他们分别来自埃及、法国、朝鲜和墨西哥。

(1)A住的层数比C住的层数高,但比D住的层数低;(2)B住的层数比朝鲜人住的层数低;(3)D住的层数恰好是法国人住的层数的5倍;(4)如果埃及人住的层数增加2层,他与朝鲜人相隔的层数,恰好和他与墨西哥人相隔的层数一样;(5)埃及人住的层数是法国人和朝鲜人住的层数的和。

根据上述情况,请你确定A是____人,住在____层;B是____人,住在____层;C是____人,住在____层;D是____人,住在____层。

Unit 4 单元能力过关检测 2023-24人教版七年级上册英语

Unit 4 单元能力过关检测 2023-24人教版七年级上册英语

Unit 4单元能力过关检测一、单项选择1.—_________ is the baseball?—It’s on the sofa.A.What B.HowC.Where D.Who2.—My name is Lingling, __________ my English name is Carla.—Nice to meet you, Lingling.A.and B.butC.so D.or3.—Where ______ my books, Mom?—I don’t know.A.are B.am C.is D.do4.—Let me go to the party with Linda, Mom.—OK .________.A.Thanks B.I’m fine C.Good evening, Linda D.Have a good evening 5.—Where are my ______?—______ on the desk.A.key; It’s B.keys; It’sC.keys; They’re D.keys; They6.My brother and I ________ in the same school.A.aren’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.doesn’t7.________ his shoes under the bed?A.Are B.Is C.Am D.Have8.—_________—No. It’s here on the sofa.A.Is the ruler in your backpack?B.Where is your ruler?C.What color is your backpack?D.Is this your ruler?9.—Where is my cat?—________ is under the table.A.She B.You C.It D.He10.—Where is the dog?—It’s________ your grandparents’ room.A.on B.at C.in D.under二、阅读单选very beautiful. My father paints(油漆) it pink and I like the color pink. I clean it every Sunday. There are some beautiful pictures on the wall. My hat is on the chair. It’s blue. The notebook is on the bed. My football is under the chair. On the table, there are keys, my ID card and my phone. My English book is on the dresser.I like my new bedroom very much.11.What color is Amy’s bedroom?A.Blue.B.Pink.C.White.D.Red12.The underlined word “comfortable” means(意思是) “________”.A.拥挤的B.狭窄的C.舒适的D.阴暗的13.Amy’s notebook is ________.A.on the bed B.on the chair C.under the bed D.on the table14.________ is (are) on the dresser.A.The hat B.The ID card C.The keys D.The English book15.Which of the following(下面哪一个) is right?A.Amy’s house is very old.B.Amy cleans her bedroom every Sunday.C.Some beautiful pictures are on the chair.D.Amy’s phone is on the bed.三、完形填空helps us with our English. We like her very much.16.A.room B.office C.picture D.classroom 17.A.is B.are C.be D.am 18.A.yellow B.white C.green D.red 19.A.What B.Who C.That D.Where 20.A.my B.me C.mine D.I 21.A.student B.friend C.homework D.teacher 22.A.desk B.chair C.computer D.table 23.A.under B.on C.in D.behind 24.A.tidy B.clear C.bad D.good 25.A.never B.sometimes C.always D.ever四、补全对话7选5根据对话内容,从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有两个为多余选项。

(教科版)六年级科学下册第4单元 物质的变化单元过关检测卷(含答案)(完整版)

(教科版)六年级科学下册第4单元 物质的变化单元过关检测卷(含答案)(完整版)

(教科版)六年级科学下册第4单元物质的变化单元过关检测卷(含答案)(完整版)一、选择题1.古诗词是古人留给我们的宝贵财富,下列诗句中只有物理变化的是()。

A. 野火烧不尽,春风吹又生B. 春蚕到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干C. 只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针2.下列变化中,与另外两个变化不同的是( ) 。

A. 轮胎爆胎B. 蜡烛燃烧C. 蜡烛融化3.下面物质的变化中,没有新物质产生的是()A. 蜡烛燃烧B. 灯泡内壁变黑C. 铁水变成铁块4.下列变化中属于物理变化的是()。

A. 打开冰箱门后有白烟B. 糖加热变黑色C. 小苏打与白醋混合5.经过大量的研究,白醋和小苏打混合后生成的气体是( )A. 二氧化碳B. 水蒸气C. 氧气6.下列变化,不属于化学变化的是()。

A. 铜钱日久成了绿色B. 豆子掉在地上脏了C. 米饭放了两天馊了D. 燃烧的蜡烛7.小苏打和白醋混合后产生的气体是()A. 氧气B. 水蒸气C. 二氧化碳8.关于蜡烛燃烧过程,下列说法正确的是( )。

A. 蜡烛燃烧过程中,蜡要先熔解成蜡油,所以是物理变化。

B. 蜡烛燃烧过程中,会发光发热,所以是化学变化。

C. 蜡烛燃烧过程中,既有物理变化又有化学变化。

D. 以上选项都正确。

9.面粉做成馒头,()。

A. 没有发生任何变化B. 产生了新的物质C. 只发生了物理改变10.醋和小苏打混合能产生()。

A. 二氧化碳B. 氧气C. 氮气D. 水蒸气二、填空题11.探究食盐会发生哪些变化。

我的猜想:我的方案:我的发现:12.小苏打和白醋混合后,产生了一种新物质气体,该气体能够周围热量,所以感觉盛有该气体的瓶子“凉凉的”。

13.物质的变化可以划分为和两类。

14.物质的变化有快有慢,有些变化只改变了物质的状态、、,没有产生新的物质。

15.小苏打和白醋混合后,产生了一种新物质——气体,这样的变化属于变化。

16.如图实验是研究的实验。

相同的条件是,不同的条件是。

图的铁钉生锈多。

2024_2025学年高中历史专题四“亚洲觉醒”的先驱单元测试人民版选修4

2024_2025学年高中历史专题四“亚洲觉醒”的先驱单元测试人民版选修4

专题过关检测(四)一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)1.孙中山说:“前代革命……只以驱除光复自任,此外无所转移。

我等今日与前代殊,于驱除鞑虏、复原中华之外,国体民生,尚当变更。

虽经纬万端,要其一贯之精神,则为自由、同等、博爱。

故前代为英雄革命,今日为国民革命。

”下列对材料的解读不精确的是( ) A.蕴含了民族革命、政治革命和社会革命的内容B.与传统革命相区分,给予了近代革命全新内容C.“驱除鞑虏、复原中华”是三民主义的核心D.其思想体系体现了民主共和革命的意识形态解析:选C。

A、B、D在材料中都有体现,解读精确。

三民主义的核心是民权主义,“驱除鞑虏、复原中华”即民族主义是前提,民生主义是补充和发展,故C解读错误。

2.孙中山也提出过要实现社会主义,他在1912年的演讲中宣称:“今吾国之革命,乃为国利民福革命。

拥护国利民福者,实社会主义。

”据此推断,孙中山所谓的“社会主义”事实上指的是实现( )A.推翻帝国主义在中国的统治B.民主同等C.建立资产阶级共和国D.平均地权解析:选D。

孙中山的社会主义强调“国利民福”,涉及民生,是孙中山三民主义中的民生主义。

推翻帝国主义在中国的统治表明要实现民族独立,属于民族主义,故A项错误;民主同等和建立资产阶级共和国属于民权主义,故B、C项错误;平均地权属于民生主义,故D项正确。

3.中华民国临时政府成立后,孙中山任临时大总统,实行总统制;为了限制袁世凯的权力,孙中山颁行《中华民国临时约法》,规定实行责任内阁制。

这种做法( )A.引发政体频繁变更、社会动荡B.权力分散,降低行政效率C.有利于防止专制、维护共和D.因人设法,违反法律精神解析:选D。

《中华民国临时约法》规定实行责任内阁制,目的是为了限制袁世凯专权,故选D。

4.护国运动的真正结果是( )A.推翻了袁世凯的独裁统治B.维护了民主共和C.歼灭了封建帝制D.推翻了封建统治解析:选A。

护国运动是由资产阶级领导的反对袁世凯复辟帝制的斗争,由于民族资产阶级的懦弱性和妥协性,他们不能完成反帝反封建的历史任务,这就确定了他们不能从根本上维护民主共和,也不能彻底推翻中国的封建统治,无法消退复辟帝制的社会基础。

2020年春牛津英语中考专题复习九年级上册Unit 4过关检测(Word版附答案)

2020年春牛津英语中考专题复习九年级上册Unit 4过关检测(Word版附答案)

Unit 4过关检测时间:60分钟满分:100分一、单项填空(每小题1分,共10分)1.—My dream is to build university on the moon some day.—It sounds like unusual dream.I wish you could realize it.A. a; aB. an; aC. a; anD. an; an2.our surprise,he refused our invitation.A. WithB. InC. ToD. By3.Surprisingly, the old building still after the strong earthquake.A. refusedB. remainedC. requiredD. reviewed4.We don’t know the love of our parents we become parents ourselves one day.A. untilB. afterC. whenD. since5.I need money.Would you please lend me?A. a great deal; someB. a great deal of; someC. a great deal; anyD. a great deal of; any6.—Is your uncle in his ?—Yes.His birthday is coming next month.A. forty; forty-firstB. forties; forty-firstC. forties; forty-oneD. forty; forty-one7.Whenever I in my studies,my teacher encourages me to work harder.A. go onB. run awayC. lose heartD. give back8.—Could you please give the magazine to Mario?—Sure. I’ll give it to him I see him.A. as many asB. as much asC. as often asD. as soon as9.Since you feel serious about joining the school team, why not it?A. catch up withB. carry on withC. try out forD. make up for10.the girl is only six years old, she knows more than 300 ancient Chinese poems.A. IfB. UnlessC. AlthoughD. Because二、完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)"Never give up!" It is my law(法则) of life.It has brought me success.I learnt the law from my father’s 11story.My father was 12in a poor village in the north of Jiangsu,China.When he was a young boy,he went to school in the morning,then worked in the fields 13sunset.And then he did his homework until midnight.Life was hard,because the family had no 14.At the age of 14,my father heard 15the United States of America.It was the land of gold,the land where16people can become rich."17don’t I go to America?" he thought to himself,full of hope.So,my father went to America."I had thought it was easy to 18money in America," he told me."But when I 19there,I realized it was not true.They did not like to hire(雇用) me because I spoke ter,I worked in a small restaurant,cleaning up tables,washing dishes and sweeping the floor.Life was 21for the first few years.I worked from 10 a.m.to 11 p.m.I wanted to go to school to learn English,but it was 22.I couldn’t23the schooling(学校教育)." However, my father 24working hard,and reached his goal."Alan," he often says to me,"if you want something,you have to work for it and never25.Things do not come easily in life." That is what I learnt from my father.11.A. life B. fashion C. danger D. history12.A. lost B. found C. hid D. born13.A. to B. till C. from D. at14.A. experience B. energy C. time D. money15.A. from B. to C. of D. for16.A. kind B. poor C. strong D. lazy17.A. What B. How C. Why D. When18.A. discover B. make C. collect D. spend19.A. arrived in B. arrived at C. got to D. reached20.A. little B. few C. much D. many21.A. comfortable B. cheerful C. boring D. hard22.A. exciting B. impossible C. easy D. different23.A. borrow B. need C. afford D. require24.A. kept B. finished C. minded D. stopped25.A. give in B. give up C. give off D. give out三、阅读理解(每小题2分,共30分)AUsain Bolt is one of the fastest men ever timed on the ground. But who is the fastest man in water? It is Michael Phelps, the US swimmer. On 14 August 2016, this legendary (传奇的)star finished his fifth Olympics with five gold medals at Rio. He is the most decorated (授予奖章的) athlete of all time, with a total of 23 Olympic gold medals. Already 31 years old in 2016, he decided to retire and gave out the news on 12 August. Although he have mentioned retirement before, he is serious about it this time.Fu Yuanhui, 23, is a Chinese swimmer. She became a popular star on social media with her humour personality and exaggerated (夸张的)facial expressions, instead of her bronze medal in thewo men’s 100-metre backstroke(仰泳). After the semi-final, a reporter asked her if she had saved some energy for the final. Fu answered with a shock face, "I’ve worked all my prehistorical power out!" This cute answer made her popular.But she wrote on her Wei bo, "I’m neither a famous person online nor a ‘emoji maker’. I’m an athlete."26.Michael Phelps comes from .A. the USAB. BritainC. AustraliaD. Canada27.Michael Phelps got gold medals at Rio Olympics.A. 5B. 14C. 18D. 2328.Michael Phelps gave out the news of retiring on .A. 14 DecemberB. 2 DecemberC. 12 AugustD. 14 August29.Fu became a popular star on social media.A. because of her bronze medal in the matchB. because of her beauty and her successC. because she is a famous person onlineD. because of her humour personality and exaggerated facial expressions30.From the passage we can know that .A. Fu Yuanhui was dissatisfied with her performanceB. Michael Phelps has taken part in five Olympic GamesC. a reporter interviewed Fu Yuanhui before the matchD. Michael Phelps is the fastest man on the groundBFour years ago, Chinese skater Wu Dajing introduced himself to the skating world by winning a silver medal at the Sochi Olympic Winter Games. At this year’s PyeongChang Olympics, Wu not only returned, but also made history.On 22 Feb., 2018, Wu won the gold medal in the men’s short-track 500-meter race. He seta new world record with a time of 39.584 seconds. He also became the first Chinese man totake home an Olympic short-track gold medal. BBC said Wu’s win was "flawless", because hewas much faster than all of the other skaters."I didn’t give them a chance and I kept my speed from the start," he told the reporter afterthe match.But China’s short-track teams didn’t do well in general at the Games. Chinese skaters in the women’s 500 metres, 3000-metre relay and men’s 1500 metres all failed t o take home the gold. Wu was China’s biggest hope, which put a lot of pressure on him. But he proved himself with his great performance.Wu is now known as a highly talented skater. But things were not always that way. When Wu joined the national team in 2010, he was seen as almost "nothing" compared to gifted skaters like Zhou Yang and Fan Kexin, as his coaches said at the time. Their words made him quite upset. But Wu didn’t want to give up and worked as hard as he could. He practiced skating all year r ound. He even didn’t return to his hometown for the holidays for 10 years. "I believe in myself," he told the reporter after his match at the Olympics.31.At the PyeongChang Olympics, Wu Dajing won the gold medal in the men’s short-trackrace.A. 500-meterB. 1000-meterC. 1500-meterD. 3000-meter relay32.What does the underlined word "flawless" mean?A. Ordinary.B. Common.C. PerfectD. Difficult.33.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Wu won a gold medal at the Sochi Olympic Winter Games four years ago.B. Wu set the world record with a time of 39.584 seconds and made history.C. Wu’s coaches placed great hope on him when he joined the national team.D. Chinese skaters in the women’s 500 meters, 3000-meter relay took home the gold.34.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The national team and coaches regarded Wu as a talented skater all the way.B. Wu kept on practicing skating all year round even in the holidays for 10 years.C. Zhou Yang and Fan Kexin were more hard-working on skating than Wu Dajing.D. Because of Wu’s hard work, confidence and strong will, he finally succeeded.35.Which one might be the best title of this passage?A. From Zero to Skating HeroB. Short-track 500-meter RaceC. PyeongChang Winter OlympicsD. Rising of China’s Bright Skiing StarCSometimes mistakes are great teachers to us.Do you know why?Mistakes are great teachers.Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes to achieve their goals and wishes,and who are able to learn from those mistakes.And in order to learn from mistakes you must be willing to pay for them.Mistakes can be very valuable,but when you try to get others to pay for your mistakes,then you lose the chance to learn from them.When something goe s wrong,it’s usually very easy to find someone else’s mistakes,but is that useful?Of course not.Much of the value of mistakes comes from the fact that they need to cost what must be paid.The person who learns the most from a mistake is the one who pays the price for that mistake.When you make a mistake,what you shouldn’t do is run away from it.You need to accept it because you can learn a lot from it.The mistake has been made,so make the most of it.Pay theprice,learn the lesson,and grow much stronger.When you make a mistake,don’t look back at it for long.Remember the reason for it,and then look forward.Mistakes are lessons of wisdom.The past cannot be changed.The present is still in your power.Make full use of your mistakes to achieve your goals and wishes.36.Who success doesn’t come to?A. People who are willing to risk making mistakes to achieve their goals and wishes.B. People who are able to learn from the mistakes.C. People who face the mistakes and accept them.D. People who run away when they make mistakes.37.When something goes wrong,finding someone else’s mistakes is .A. easy and usefulB. hard but usefulC. hard and not usefulD. easy but not useful38.What should you do when you make a mistake?A. Run away quickly.B. Accept it.C. Think about it long.D. Ask others to solve it.39.Which of the following is right about the mistakes that we made in life?A. They make us stronger and stronger.B. They make us weaker and weaker.C. They are not useful at all.D. They make us know what we can do.40.According to the passage,which sentence is wrong?A. We shouldn’t look back at our mistakes for long.B. We should remember the reasons for the mistakes.C. We should look forward.D. We should do nothing from now on.四、任务型阅读(每小题2分,共10分)Diana Nyad was born in 1949. She was very interested in swimming at an early age and she was a Florida state high school swimming champion. Like many young swimmers, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness prevented her from competing in the Olympics. However, it didn’t stop her from going forward. Instead she became interested in marathon swimming.For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world’s best distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women’s record for the course. In 1974, Nyad set a women’s record of 8 hours,11 minutes in the 35-km Bay of Naples race.In 1979, she set another record by swimming 164 km from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida.Nyad tried to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. The span (跨度) of water is about 76 miles, and it is difficult and dangerous. After fighting against water for about two days, she had to give up for her own health and safety. Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire (渴望) to succeed. It did not matter that she didn’t reach the destination (目的地). She believed she had touched the other shore (岸).After Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she tried some new things—travelling around the world, writing books and giving speeches about her life. Now Diana Nyad works to encourage others, just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.根据短文内容回答下列问题41.What was Nyad interested in when she was very young?___________________________________________________________________________________ _________42.When did Nyad set the record for a ten-mile marathon swimming in Lake Ontario?___________________________________________________________________________________ _________43.How many times is N yad’s distance swimming mentioned in the passage?___________________________________________________________________________________ _________44.Why did Nyad give up after fighting against water for about two days?____________________________________________________________________________________________45.What did Nyad do after her swimming career ended?____________________________________________________________________________________________五、词汇运用(每小题1分,共10分)(A)根据句意及汉语提示写出单词46.Do you have the (勇气) to make a speech to a large number of people?47.Some of them agree with you,but I am strongly (反对) your project.48.Children can learn team (精神) when they play football.49.Simon always keeps his (想法) to himself and never tells others.50.The whole world was surprised at many (成就) of China.(B)用所给单词的适当形式填空51.This bank is not a personal one but a (nation) one.52.As the (lead) of the group, Tony works well with every member.53.Cancer is the leading cause of (die) in women.54.The trip abroad is an (usual) experience to those two children. They will never forget it. 55.Some (Germany) writers are coming to visit our city museum this weekend.六、根据短文内容及首字母提示补全短文(每小题1分,共10分)Kobe Bryant is millions o f basketball fans’ hero. But how much do you k 56 about him?Kobe was born in 1978. He became f 57 all over America when he was in senior high. He l 58 his team to win many important games. His talent (天赋) m 59 him the centre of attention. He w 60 many awards and it meant he could win a scholarship to go to a good university. But he gave up the chance and decided to enter the NBA after he g 61 .Kobe took part in the NBA draft (选拔队员制) in 1996 and became a player of the Lakers. D 62 his first season in the league, he s 63 the world his talent and effort.And he won the Slam Dunk Contest in 1997.Kobe is considered to be a hero b 64 of his love for basketball. He is a player who never loses h 65 even if he has to face many problems.56. 57. 58. 59. 60.61. 62. 63. 64. 65.七、书面表达(15分)通过学习本单元,你认识了Spud Webb 。

高中生物(新人教版)必修第一册课后习题:第4章过关检测(课后习题)【含答案及解析】

高中生物(新人教版)必修第一册课后习题:第4章过关检测(课后习题)【含答案及解析】

第4章过关检测(时间:75分钟满分:100分)一、选择题(共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求)1.下列关于物质跨膜运输的叙述,错误的是()A.肌肉细胞积累K+需要消耗细胞呼吸释放的能量B.细胞对离子的吸收具有选择性C.叶肉细胞产生的氧气扩散到相邻细胞被利用至少需要穿过6层磷脂双分子层D.液泡中能积累大量离子是由于液泡膜不具有选择透过性,肌肉细胞吸收K+的方式是主动运输,需要消耗细胞呼吸释放的能量。

由于线粒体和叶绿体都具有双层膜,故叶肉细胞产生的氧气扩散到相邻细胞被利用至少需穿过6层磷脂双分子层。

液泡膜、细胞膜都是选择透过性膜。

2.下列说法正确的是()A.果脯在腌制过程中慢慢变甜,是细胞主动吸收糖分的结果B.水分子都是通过自由扩散进出细胞的C.葡萄糖进入红细胞需要能量,也需要载体蛋白D.大肠杆菌吸收K+属于主动运输,既消耗能量,又需要膜上的载体蛋白,是由于细胞在高浓度溶液中失水过多而死亡,细胞膜失去选择透过性,糖分进入细胞所致;水分子更多是借助细胞膜上的水通道蛋白以协助扩散的方式进出细胞的;葡萄糖进入红细胞属于协助扩散,需要载体蛋白的协助,但不消耗能量;大肠杆菌吸收K+属于主动运输,既消耗能量,又需要载体蛋白。

3.下图是细胞膜的亚显微结构模式图,①~③表示构成细胞膜的物质。

下列有关说法不正确的是()A.①所表示的成分在细胞膜上能执行多种功能B.由②参与的物质跨膜运输不一定为主动运输C.细胞膜的流动性与②有关,而与③无关D.细胞膜的功能特性与②③都有关;①为糖蛋白,有识别、信息交流、润滑、保护等多种功能;由转运蛋白(②)参与的跨膜运输有协助扩散和主动运输;细胞膜的选择透过性与磷脂双分子层(③)和转运蛋白都有关。

4.下图表示与自由扩散、协助扩散和主动运输有关的图例或曲线。

下列选项中正确的是()A.肺泡上皮细胞吸收氧气—①⑤B.小肠绒毛上皮细胞吸收葡萄糖—②⑤C.根尖细胞吸收矿质离子—③⑥D.肌肉细胞吸收水—②④,即图①④,A项错误;小肠绒毛上皮细胞吸收葡萄糖属于主动运输,即图③⑥,B项错误;根尖细胞吸收矿质离子属于主动运输,即图③⑥,C项正确;肌肉细胞吸收水主要通过协助扩散,即图②⑤,D项错误。

人教版二年级数学下册第四单元过关检测卷(含答案)

人教版二年级数学下册第四单元过关检测卷(含答案)

加油!有志者事竟成答卷时应注意事项1、拿到试卷,要认真仔细的先填好自己的考生信息。

2、拿到试卷不要提笔就写,先大致的浏览一遍,有多少大题,每个大题里有几个小题,有什么题型,哪些容易,哪些难,做到心里有底;3、审题,每个题目都要多读几遍,不仅要读大题,还要读小题,不放过每一个字,遇到暂时弄不懂题意的题目,手指点读,多读几遍题目,就能理解题意了;容易混乱的地方也应该多读几遍,比如从小到大,从左到右这样的题;4、每个题目做完了以后,把自己的手从试卷上完全移开,好好的看看有没有被自己的手臂挡住而遗漏的题;试卷第1页和第2页上下衔接的地方一定要注意,仔细看看有没有遗漏的小题;5、中途遇到真的解决不了的难题,注意安排好时间,先把后面会做的做完,再来重新读题,结合平时课堂上所学的知识,解答难题;一定要镇定,不能因此慌了手脚,影响下面的答题;6、卷面要清洁,字迹要清工整,非常重要;7、做完的试卷要检查,这样可以发现刚才可能留下的错误或是可以检查是否有漏题,检查的时候,用手指点读题目,不要管自己的答案,重新分析题意,所有计算题重新计算,判断题重新判断,填空题重新填空,之后把检查的结果与先前做的结果进行对比分析。

亲爱的小朋友,你们好! 经过两个月的学习,你们一定有不小的收获吧,用你的自信和智慧,认真答题,相信你一定会闯关成功。

相信你是最棒的!1第四单元过关检测卷一、填一填。

(每空1分,共13分)1.54÷6=9表示把54平均分成( )份,每份是( ),也可以表示54里面有( )个6。

2.被除数和除数都是9,商是( )。

3.计算28÷7=( )和28÷4=( ),都用( )这句口诀。

4.从45里连续减9,减( )次后结果是0。

5.一个星期有7天,63天是( )个星期。

6.写出4道商是9的除法算式:( )、( )、( )、( )。

二、判断。

(对的画“√”,错的画“×”)(每题1分,共5分)1.每句乘法口诀都可以写出两道除法算式。

2024-2025学年高二化学选择性必修2(配苏教版)专题4过关检测

2024-2025学年高二化学选择性必修2(配苏教版)专题4过关检测

专题4过关检测一、选择题(本题包括14小题,每小题3分,共计42分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.据报道,大气中存在一种潜在的温室气体SF 5—CF 3,下列关于SF 5—CF 3的说法正确的是( )A.分子中既有σ键又有π键B.所有原子在同一平面内C.CF 4与CH 4都是正四面体结构D.0.1 mol SF 5—CF 3分子中含8 mol 电子2.CO 2、CH 4、BF 3都是非极性分子,SO 2、H 2O 、NH 3都是极性分子,由此推测AB n 型分子是非极性分子的经验规律是( )A.所有原子在同一平面B.分子中每个键的键长应相等C.A 的相对原子质量小于BD.在AB n 中A 原子没有孤电子对3.下列各项叙述不正确的是( )A.SO 2分子的空间结构与它的价层电子对互斥模型一致B.外围电子排布为5s 25p 1的元素位于第5周期ⅢA 族,是p 区元素C.在同一电子层上运动的电子,其自旋方向可以相同D.s-s σ键与s-p σ键的电子云形状的对称性相同4.反应NaClO+2NH 3N 2H 4+NaCl+H 2O 可用于制备还原剂肼(N 2H 4)。

下列说法正确的是( )A.NaClO 的电子式为N a ··O ······Cl ······B.NH 3的空间结构为平面三角形C.N 2H 4分子间能形成氢键D.H 2O 的空间填充模型为5.某物质M 是制造染料的中间体,它的球棍模型如图所示,由短周期X 、Y 、Z 、W 四种元素组成,X 是原子半径最小的元素,W 的3p 轨道有一个未成对电子,Y 、Z 同主族且能形成ZY 2的化合物。

下列说法正确的是( )A.电负性:Y>Z>WB.最简单氢化物沸点:Y<ZC.X2Y2是极性分子D.Z的最高价氧化物的空间结构为三角锥形6.向盛有硝酸银水溶液的试管中加入氨水,首先形成难溶物,继续添加氨水,难溶物溶解得到无色的透明溶液,下列对此现象的说法正确的是()A.配合离子[Ag(NH3)2]+中,Ag+提供空轨道,NH3给出孤电子对B.反应前后Ag+的浓度不变C.沉淀溶解后,生成的[Ag(NH3)2]OH难电离D.配合离子[Ag(NH3)2]+存在离子键和共价键7.顺铂[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]是一种具有抗癌活性的金属化合物;碳铂是1,1-环丁二羧酸二氨合铂(Ⅱ)的简称,属于第二代铂族抗癌药物,结构简式如图所示,其毒副作用低于顺铂。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

专题过关检测(十四)(建议用时:60分钟)一、选择题1.(2020·如皋调研)在希腊神话中,虽然神创造万物,一切却是为了人能在自然界存在与生活,神与人之间还有割舍不断的姻缘关系,繁衍出无比优秀的英雄人物。

这在一定程度上体现了古希腊的()A.民主思想B.理性主义思想C.无神论思想D.人文主义思想解析:选D。

材料“一切却是为了人能在自然界存在与生活,神与人之间还有割舍不断的姻缘关系”说明古希腊的神话中突出人的地位与作用,体现了人文主义色彩,故D项正确。

2.(2020·扬州二模)在古代雅典,曾立法禁止奴隶主杀害奴隶。

奴隶主不能随意卖掉奴隶,在奴隶年老之后还得赡养他们。

在城市的多数行业中,奴隶可以取得与自由人一样的薪水,甚至拥有独立的经济地位。

这反映了当时雅典()A.民主制度趋于完善B.人文精神受到重视C.公民群体日益壮大D.商品经济发展受阻解析:选B。

据材料可知当时雅典保障奴隶的权益,已经有意识地将奴隶同其他财物区别对待,透露出古雅典人已初步具有将奴隶视为“人”的进步意识,反映当时雅典重视人的价值,故选B项。

3.古希腊智者的教育活动以传授修辞术、演讲术和诉讼术为主要内容,注意辩驳论证的技巧,目标在于训练和提高学生的思维方法、表达能力和政治素养。

智者的教育活动()A.适应了政治体制需要B.有利于缓和社会矛盾C.体现了对真理的追求D.使哲学成为研究人的学问解析:选A。

材料“以传授修辞术、演讲术和诉讼术为主要内容,注意辩驳论证的技巧,目标在于训练和提高学生的思维方法、表达能力和政治素养”,与雅典民主政治相适应,注重演讲,阐述政治主张,故A项正确。

4.普罗塔戈拉认为“人是万物的尺度”,同时又认为“我们不能确定地知道诸神的存在及其本质,不过这并不妨碍我们对神的崇拜”。

这反映了雅典人()A.理性与原始蒙昧并存B.不能完全摆脱宗教的精神束缚C.挑战正统成为社会主流价值观D.民主政治促成了自我意识的膨胀解析:选A。

根据题目中“人是万物的尺度”得出理性,根据题目中“我们不能确定地知道诸神的存在及其本质,不过这并不妨碍我们对神的崇拜”得出原始蒙昧,故A项正确。

5.苏格拉底认为,只有灵魂或理智才能使人明辨是非。

亚里士多德认为,人生最终的价值在于觉醒和思考的能力,而不只在于生存。

据此可知,两位古希腊哲学家都() A.推崇绝对真理B.具有理性精神C.否定神灵存在D.捍卫思想自由解析:选B。

根据材料“苏格拉底认为,只有灵魂或理智才能使人明辨是非。

亚里士多德认为,人生最终的价值在于觉醒和思考的能力”可知,两位古希腊哲学家都具有理性精神,故选B项。

6.古希腊建筑有三种基本建筑风格(如图),分别体现了男人成熟躯体的阳刚之美、女人成熟躯体的轻柔之美和少女胴体的窈窕之美。

希腊人修建了大量的神庙,但是神庙没有多少宗教意味。

这些建筑风格体现出古希腊()A.人文主义精神底蕴深厚B.女性政治地位得以提高C.男女平等观念深入人心D.宗教已失去社会影响力解析:选A。

材料体现了古希腊的建筑表现了人体之美,说明当时古希腊有着深厚的人文精神的底蕴,故选A项;材料体现的是关注人,不是女性政治地位,排除B项;男女平等的思想在材料中并未体现,排除C项;宗教在古希腊仍有重要地位,排除D项。

7.苏格拉底认为:一个人只有真正地认识了自己,才能实现自己的本性,完成自己的使命,成为一个有德性的人。

这说明他()A.强调个体的感受和自由B.研究的重点是社会秩序C.注重人的理性和价值D.主张人的品德高于一切解析:选C。

根据材料“苏格拉底认为:一个人只有真正地认识了自己,才能实现自己的本性,完成自己的使命,成为一个有德性的人”可知,苏格拉底的研究非常注重人的理性和价值,故C项正确。

8.15世纪欧洲思想家关注的焦点是将“思想、形象、感觉或事件”在演讲、书信、诗歌和散文中优雅、雄辩地表达出来。

这一现象有利于推动()A.因信称义的初步形成B.工商业者阶层成长壮大C.人文主义的广泛传播D.教会权威的进一步提升解析:选C。

根据材料“将‘思想、形象、感觉或事件’在演讲、书信、诗歌和散文中优雅、雄辩地表达出来”可知,以演讲、书信、散文等文学形式传播个人的思想、形象、感觉等,这有利于人文主义的传播,故选C项。

9.(2020·淄博模拟)薄伽丘的《十日谈》中有一则故事:一个从小与世隔绝的青年,跟父亲下山进城,路遇一群漂亮姑娘。

青年问父亲这是什么东西,虔诚信教的父亲答道:“她们全都是祸水,叫绿鹅。

”他嘱咐儿子别去看她们。

儿子却说“爸爸,让我带一只绿鹅回家吧”。

清代乾隆年间的袁枚在《子不语》中有一篇“山下的女人是老虎”的故事,与“绿鹅”故事十分相似。

两则故事都()A.体现了思想解放潮流B.提倡男女平等思想C.否定压抑人性的观念D.冲破了传统观念束缚解析:选C。

体现了思想解放潮流的只有薄伽丘的《十日谈》的故事,故A项错误;提倡男女平等思想材料信息无法体现,故B项错误;这两则故事都强调的是反对压抑人性,故C项正确;冲破了传统观念束缚是近代中西方思想解放运动,故D项错误。

10.(2020·海门期末)文艺复兴时期人文主义者揭露和攻击教会的弊端,提倡将人的价值纳入神学体系中,为人性和生活的价值在宗教中找到相应的地位。

这表明人文主义者()A.主张宗教改革以创立新教派B.积极倡导基督教原始教义C.强调人性与宗教原则的结合D.试图改变物欲横流的社会解析:选C。

根据材料“文艺复兴时期人文主义者……为人性和生活的价值在宗教中找到相应的地位”可知,人文主义者强调人性和宗教原则的结合,故选C项。

11.有学者认为,哥白尼的革命意味着把人从宇宙的中心和特权地位上撤换下来,而康德在一定意义上是把人当作偶像崇拜的。

两者()A.对人的地位的认识是对立的B.有利于思想解放运动发展C.促进了近代科学的发展进步D.动摇了中世纪神学的统治解析:选B。

哥白尼的革命改变了传统的人类对宇宙的认识,冲击了中世纪的神学世界观,促进了人类思想的解放;康德宣传人的理性,进一步肯定人的地位和作用,也推动了近代思想解放运动的发展,故选B项。

12.(2020·苏州模拟)15世纪,意大利的宗教纪念活动中,教士的游行队伍与俗人一样色彩绚丽,豪华的法衣和铮亮的银圣器与俗人的队伍争奇斗艳,明显地表现出对世俗生活的认同感。

这一现象说明()A.新教在意大利取得主导地位B.教士生活观念受到文艺复兴影响C.罗马天主教会生活奢侈腐化D.宗教生活已被世俗生活完全取代解析:选B。

题干中提及15世纪的宗教纪念活动中,教士认同世俗生活,再结合文艺复兴的影响可知,文艺复兴让社会更多地关注人及世界,故选B项;新教即宗教改革后的不受罗马教皇控制的基督教派,而宗教改革开始于1517年,排除A项;题干中“教士的游行队伍与俗人一样色彩绚丽……明显地表现出对世俗生活的认同感”可知,题干基本上认同教士的行为与观念,排除C项;“宗教生活已被世俗生活完全取代”这句话本身错误,排除D项。

13.宗教改革时期,为抵御新教的攻势,罗马天主教会成立了耶稣会。

该组织主要从事传教和教育,扩大天主教的影响,反对追逐世俗权力;提倡道德自律,注重科学和艺术素养,重视将人教育成有责任感的公民。

耶稣会的这些做法()A.致力于文化教育事业B.着力于天主教世俗化C.体现了人文主义精神D.引发西欧的思想解放解析:选C。

根据题干中耶稣会的主要职责(如“重视将人教育成有责任感的公民”)可知,这些做法体现了其人文主义的精神,故选C项。

14.16世纪的英国,天主教会及其信条遭到变革,传统宗教机构被大量解散,使得延续数个世纪之久的社会调节剂和润滑剂几近消逝,给城市的社会秩序带来比较大的麻烦。

这说明宗教改革()A.推动了社会秩序的重组B.促进了行政机构的调整C.摧毁了民众的宗教信仰D.阻碍了近代城市的转型解析:选A。

由材料中的“给城市的社会秩序带来比较大的麻烦”可知宗教改革剥夺了天主教会在政治、经济等领域的特权,从而会推动城市社会秩序的重建,故A项正确。

15.有学者认为,16世纪的宗教改革者和18世纪的启蒙思想家虽在哲学世界观上表现迥异,但在世俗生活中却也有着“共同的信仰”。

这里“共同的信仰”的主要含义是() A.反抗权威B.重视法制C.崇尚理性D.相信神灵解析:选A。

宗教改革反对天主教会,启蒙运动反对封建专制,二者均反抗权威,故选A项;启蒙思想家重视法制,与宗教改革者无关,排除B项;启蒙思想家崇尚理性,与宗教改革者无关,排除C项;宗教改革者相信神灵,与启蒙思想家无关,排除D项。

16.(2020·泰州期末)启蒙思想家伏尔泰曾说:“如果在英国仅允许有一种宗教,政府很可能会变得专横……但是,当有大量的宗教时,大家都能幸福地生活、和睦地相处。

”伏尔泰的这一思想()A.批判了当时英国的专制统治B.强调平等以维护社会稳定C.体现了要求分权制衡的主张D.要求摆脱权威统治的束缚解析:选D。

根据“当有大量的宗教时,大家都能幸福地生活”可知,伏尔泰希望通过增加宗教的数量来打破只有一种宗教时的权威状态,进而摆脱权威统治的束缚,故选D项。

17.(2020·南京调研)“他们(行政官或者国王)仅仅是主权者(人民)的官吏,是以主权者的名义在行使着主权者所托付给他们的权力,而且只要主权者高兴,他们就可以限制、改变和收回这种权力。

”该启蒙思想家主张()A.天赋人权说B.分权制衡说C.社会契约论D.三权分立说解析:选C。

材料“只要主权者高兴,他们就可以限制、改变和收回这种权力”出自卢梭的《社会契约论》,卢梭认为人民主权是神圣不可侵犯的,政府的权力由人民赋予,如果政府实行暴政,侵犯人民的权利,人民有权推翻政府,故C项正确。

18.启蒙运动起源于西方社会对思想自由的新要求,认为人类凭借理性就能完美地了解整个世界。

下列主张或者作品无法体现“理性”精神的有()A.《十日谈》B.社会契约和分权制衡C.《自然哲学的数学原理》D.人身自由和思想自由解析:选A。

《十日谈》是欧洲文艺复兴时期的作品,主要体现人性、人文主义精神,与材料问题相符,故选A项;社会契约和分权制衡是启蒙思想,体现理性,与问题不符,排除B项;《自然哲学的数学原理》是牛顿阐述经典力学的著作,体现了理性精神,与问题不符,排除C项;人身自由和思想自由体现不受约束和权威限制的理性,与问题不符,排除D项。

19.下表为启蒙运动时期欧洲文化水平进步情况表。

A.启蒙思想推动法国基础教育发展B.文化教育进步有助于启蒙运动发展C.欧洲贵族推动法国启蒙思想传播D.出版业是欧洲文化水平进步的动力解析:选B。

从表格可以看出,17世纪中叶到18世纪中叶,有阅读能力的人的比例和法国妇女的识字率都有极大的提升,年均出版新书和普通人的藏书量大量增加,由此可知这一时期文化教育有了极大的发展,结合史实可知,这说明文化教育的进步有利于启蒙运动的发展,故选B项。

相关文档
最新文档