(完整版)无机化学英语词汇
6 大学无机化学英语词汇汇总
大学无机化学英语词汇物质的量amount of substance A吸收池absorption cell分解analysis吸光率absorptivity 分析化学analytical chemistry准确度accuracy 酐anhydride乙醛acetaldehyde 阴离子anionacetate 醋酸盐正极阳极, anode乙酸acetic acid 锑Antimony (Sb)乙酸acetic acid 王水aqua Fortisacetylating agent 乙酰化剂仲裁分析arbitration analysisacetylene 乙炔argentometry 银量法acid 酸Argon (Ar) 氩酸碱指示剂acid-base indicator aromatic character 芳香性酸碱滴定法acid-base titration aromatic compound 芳香族化合物Acid-Bases 酸碱Arsenic (As) 砷锕Actinium (Ac) Astatine (At) 砹反应的活化能activation energy 原子atomActivation Energy 活化能原子质量atomic mass活性中间体active intermediate 原子数atomic numberaddition reaction 加成反应原子轨道Atomic Orbital乙醚ether 原子量atomic weightaging 陈化 B氧化Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 醇alcoholaldehyde 还原反应方程的配平醛钡Barium (Ba) 脂肪族化合物aliphatic compound碱base Alkali Metals 碱金属红移bathochromic shift 强碱碱alkali , benzene Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属苯碱性alkalinity Berkelium (Bk) 锫Beryllium (Be) 铍碱化alkalinization生物碱alkaloid bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应铋Bismuth (Bi) 烯烃alkenealloy 合金bivalent 二价Alloys 合金船型构象boat conformation allyl cation 烯丙基正离子body 物体氢原子的alpha coefficient Bohr's Model of The Hydrogen Atom 酸效应系数铝波尔模型Aluminum (Al)Bond Angles 镅Americium (Am) 键角ammonia bond energy 键能氨硝酸,磷酸Nitric Acid, Phosphoric AcidBond Enthalpies 键能1Bond Length 键长caustic soda 苛性钠Cell EMF 电池电动势bond length 键长center ion Bond order 键级中心离子cerimetry Bond polarity 键矩铈量法characteristic bond 原子的聚合表征Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 硼烷Borane电荷数、配位数、及几何构型硼Boron (B)chelate compound 螯合物(Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Boron Groupchelating agent 螯合剂Indium, Thallium) 硼族(硼,铝,镓,铟,铊)chemical analysis 化学分析溴Bromine (Br)Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases chemical equilibrium 化学平衡缓冲容量Buffer Capacity chemical factor 化学因数Bunsen burner 本生灯chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)burette 滴定管chemical reaction 化学反应butane 丁烷chemical shift 化学位移Cchiral molecule 手性分子Cadmium (Cd) 镉Chlorine (Cl) 氯Caesium (Cs) 铯chromatographic analysis 色谱分析煅烧calcine Chromium (Cr) 铬Calcium (Ca) 钙cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构calibration curve 校正曲线Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应锎Californium (Cf) Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原碳负离子carbanion 球密堆积Close Packing of Spheres碳正离子carbocation Cobalt (Co) 钴碳水化合物carbohydrate coefficient variation 变异系数Carbon (C) 碳colorimetry 比色分析(Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Carbon Group combination 合成作用Lead) 碳族(碳,硅,锗,锡,铅)combustion 燃烧碳Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸,compound 合成物酸盐,碳化物compound 化合物羧酸carboxylic acid 化合物Compounds carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物浓度concentrationcatalysis 催化置信区间confidence intervalcatalysis 催化作用置信水平confidence level catalyst 催化剂构型configurationcatalyst 催化剂confomational isome 构象异构体catalytic reaction 催化反应构象conformationcathode 阴极,负极conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对cation 阳离子Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对caustic potash 苛性钾共轭二烯烃conjugated diene2conjugated double bond 共轭双键electrode 电极electrolysis 电解conjugated effect 共轭效应共轭体系Electrolysis 电解conjugated systemelectrolyte 配位原子电解质coordination atomelectrolyte 电解质coordination compound 配位化合物electron 电子coordination number 配位数Electron Affinities 亲电性Copper (Cu) 铜Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 共沉淀coprecipitation八面体构型配合物的电子分布Covalence Bond 共价键Electron Configurations 电子构型covalent bond 共价键Electron Spin 电子自旋原子晶体Covalent-Network Solidselectron 电子crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚electron-attracting group 吸电子基Crystal Structure 晶体结构Electronegativity 电负性累积稳定常数cumulative stability constantelectrophilic addition 亲电加成烤钵cupelelectrophilic reagent 亲电试剂锔Curium (Cm)element 元素Delimination reaction 消除反应d区元素d-Block elementsEnantiomorph 对映体decantation 倾泻法end point滴定终点形态分析deformation analysisEndothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发脱水dehydrate热过程demasking 解蔽endothermic reaction 吸热反应衍生物derivativeEnergies of Orbital 轨道能量detector 检测系统Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓偏差deviationEnthalpies of Reactions 反应热右旋dextro-Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵(标准熵)-狄尔斯阿尔得反应Diels-Alder reationEntropy Changes 熵变Dipole Moments 偶极矩Enzymes 酶dissociation constant 解离常数Erbium (Er) 铒dissolution 分解ester 酯(DO)解氧dissolved oxygen 溶Ether 醚distil, distill 蒸馏ethyl alcohol 乙醇distillation 蒸馏ethylene 乙烯Dysprosium (Dy) 镝ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸E有效核电荷Effective Nuclear Charge Europium (Eu) 铕olume, Pressure, Temperature Effects of V exothermic reaction 放热反应Changes and Catalysts FEinsteinium (Es) 锿fatty acid 脂肪酸电化学分析electrochemical analysis f-Block Elements f区元素electrode potential 电极电势Fehling's reagent 费林试剂3fermentation 发酵Heat and Work 热与功Helium (He) 氦Fermium (Fm) 镄Hess's Law 盖斯定律filter 滤管菲舍尔投影式heterocyclic compound Fischer projection 杂环化合物filtration 过滤Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂heterogeneous equilibrium 多相平衡flask 烧瓶Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验Fluorine (F) 氟Holmium (Ho) 钬Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂分馏fractionationHuckel rule 休克尔规则Francium (Fr) 钫Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道-克拉夫茨反应傅列德尔Friedel-Crafts reaction杂化轨道hybrid orbital functional group 官能团杂化hybridization 熔解fusion, melting氢酸hydracid G钆Gadolinium (Gd) 水化水合,hydrateGallium (Ga) 镓水合物hydrateGalvani Cell 原电池氢化物Hydrides凝胶体gel hydroboration 硼氢化反应General Characteristics 共性羟hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,化学反general equation for a chemical reaction盐酸hydrochloric acid应通式Hydrogen (H) 氢Germanium (Ge) 锗Hydrogen Bonding 氢键Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则氢化硫hydrogen sulfideGold (Au) 金hydrogenate 氢化量杯,graduate, graduated flask 量筒金属离子的水解Hydrolysis of Metal Ionsgram atom 克原子水解hydrolysis石Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide hydronium ion水合氢离子墨,一氧化碳,二氧化碳羟化物hydroxide 氢氧化物, gravimetric analysis 重量分析法氢氧化物Hydroxides Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂紫移hypochromic shiftgross error 过失误差IGroup 族体积,压力,温度变化以及催化剂的影响i灼烧ignition HHafnium (Hf) 铪Indium (In) 铟Half-Reaction 半反应t inductive effect 诱导效应卤化物,氯化物Halides, Chloride infrared spectrum 红外光谱haloform reaction 卤仿反应无机化学inorganic chemistryhalogen 成盐元素instrumental analysis 仪器分析卤代烃halogenated hydrocarbon 分子间作用力Intermolecular Forces(Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) Halogens iodimetry碘量法卤素(氟,氯,溴,碘)Iodine (I) 碘4ion 离子Magnesium (Mg) 镁Magnetism 磁性Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力Manganese (Mn) 离子晶体锰Ionic Solids电离Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子ionizationmasking Ionization Energy 电离能掩蔽matrass 卵形瓶ion-product constant of water 水的离子积Mendelevium (Md) Iridium (Ir) 铱钔Mercury (Hg) 汞metal indicator Iron (Fe) 铁金属指示剂Metallic Bond 金属键Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁,铜,锌,汞Metallic Solids 金属晶体isomer 同分异构体Metals 金属同分异物现象isomermethane isomerism 甲烷,沼气同分异构现象methyl orange 异构现象Isomerism 甲基橙isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象Michael reacton 麦克尔反应micro analysis isotope 同位素微量分析Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers mixture 混合质量数同位素,原子数,Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数J Molecular Forces 分子间力KMolecular Geometries 分子空间构型凯库勒结构式Kekule structure molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论酮Ketone Molecular Orbital 分子轨道氪Krypton (Kr) molecule 分子LMolybdenum (Mo) 钼镧系元素Lanthanides monochromator 单色器镧Lanthanum (La) monovalent 单价Lawrencium (Lr) 铹Multiple Bonds 重键s Principle '列·沙特列原理Le ChatelierNLead (Pb) 铅Neodymium (Nd) 钕leaving group 离去基团Neon (Ne) 氖levo-左旋Neptunium (Np) 镎Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱neutralize 中和配位体ligand Newman projection 纽曼投影式线光谱Line Spectra 镍Nickel (Ni)锂Lithium (Li) 铌Niobium (Nb)石蕊试纸litmus paper 硝酸nitric acid石蕊litmus Nitrogen (N) 氮孤对电子lone pair electron (Phosphorus, Arsenic,Nitrogen GroupLucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂氮族(磷,砷,锑,铋)Antimony, and Bismuth)Lutetium (Lu) 镥Nobelium (No) 锘M稀有气体化合物Noble-Gas Compounds常量分析macro analysis Non-Crystal 非晶体5Nonmetals 非金属律peroxide effect 过氧化物效应normal distribution 正态分布Peroxides and Superoxides Nuclear Chemistry 核化学过氧化物和超氧化物phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用Nuclear Fission 核裂变Phase 相核聚变Nuclear Fusionphenolphthalein 酚酞nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振phosphate nucleophilic addition 亲核加成磷酸盐Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐,卤化nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂磷nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应Phosphorus (P) 磷nucleophilic substitution亲核取代反应pipette 硅的存在吸液管Occurrence and Preparation of SiliconPlatinum (Pt) 和制备铂Plutonium (Pu) 钚on-line analysis 在线分析Polarity Molecules 极性分子open chain compound 开链族化合物Polonium (Po) 钋optical activity 旋光性Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠polymer 聚合物氢硫酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acidPolymer 聚合物organic chemistry 有机化学positional isomers 位置异构体organic chemistry 有机化学继沉淀postprecipitation Osmium (Os) 锇总稳定常数Potassium (K) 钾overall stability constantpotassium carbonate 氧化碳酸钾oxidationOxidation Number 氧化数potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应高锰酸钾oxide 氧化物potassium permanganateOxides 氧化物Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾Praseodymium (Pr) 镨氧化oxidization, oxidationprecipitate 沉淀oxidize 氧化沉淀反应Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原precipitation离子的沉淀剂Precipitation and separation of Ions与分离Oxygen (O) 氧)OC 沉淀precipitation 耗氧量(oxygen consuming(Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Oxygen Group 精密度precisionTellurium) 氧族元素(氧,硫,硒,碲)基准物质primary standard,脱氧oxygenate, oxidize 氧化过程ProcessOzone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧,过氧化氢产物productP化学反应产物product钯Palladium (Pd) Promethium (Pm) 钷分压Partial Pressures Protactinium (Pa) 镤区元素p-Block Elements p 质子平衡proton condition元素的周期Periodic Properties of the Elements proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论 6 Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应Salts 盐Samarium (Sm) 钐QSaytzeff rule 查依采夫规则定性分析qualitative analysis s-Block Elements s区元素quantitative analysis 定量分析Scandium (Sc) 钪Quantum Numbers 量子数Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀Selenium (Se) 硒Rsemimicro analysis 半微量分析radical 基sequence rule 次序规则Radioactivity 放射性series 系列Radium (Ra) 镭副反应系数side reaction coefficient 原子半径Radius of Atoms 有效数字significant figure Radon (Rn) 氡显著性检验significant test 偶然误差random error 硅酸,硅酸盐,Silicates Silicic acid 速率常数Rate Constants 硅Silicon (Si) reaction mechanism 反应历程银Silver (Ag) Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理银镜反应silver mirror reaction Reaction Order 反应级数苏打soda 反应速率reaction rate Sodium (Na) 钠Reaction Rates 反应速率sodium carbonate 碳酸钠reagent 试剂Solubility 溶解度真实Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior solution 溶解气体:对理想气体行为的偏离光源source 氧化还原电对redox couple 分光光度法spectrophotometry 氧化还原指示redox indicator 自发过程Spontaneous Processes reducer 还原剂标准曲线standard curve 还原reduction Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势试剂regent Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变(relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差RSD)标准溶液standard solution 酸碱的相Relative Strength of Acids and Bases standardization 标定对强度State and State Functions 状态与状态函数retort 曲颈甑stereo isomer 立体异构体reversible 可逆的stereochemistry 立体化学Rhenium (Re) 铼立体异构Stereoisomerism Rhodium (Rh) 铑蒸馏釜still 常规分析routine analysis stirringrod 搅拌棒Row 行stoichiometric point 化学计量点Rubidium (Rb) 铷Strontium (Sr) 锶Ruthenium (Ru) 钌structural formula 分子式SStructural Isomerism 结构异构salt 盐硫化物Sulfides7硫Sulphur (S) Unimolecular 单分子Uranium (U) 铀硫酸sulphuric acid复合symbolVsynthesis 合成valence bond theory 价键理论System and Surroundings 系统与环境valence, valency 价nomenclature系统命名法systematicVanadium (V) 钒系统误差systematical errorV oltaic Cell 伏特电池T钽Tantalum (Ta)W互变异构现象tautomerism Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转锝Technetium (Tc) wavelength dispersion 色散碲Tellurium (Te)铽Terbium (Tb) Xtest tube 试管Xenon (Xe) 氙铊Thallium (Tl) Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应YDirection of Reaction 反应方向Ytterbium (Yb) 镱Dissociation of Water 水离解Yttrium (Y) 钇平衡常数Equilibrium Constant Noble Gases 稀有气体ZThe Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of zero level零水准配合物的命名,组成和结构Complexes Zinc (Zn) 锌Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理Zirconium (Zr) 锆周期表Periodic Table β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物Proton in Water 水合质子Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数百度文库下载van der Waals Equation 范德华方程编辑食品工程与生物技术学院双语教学团队VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性钍Thorium (Th)Thulium (Tm) 铥锡Tin (Sn)Titanium (Ti) 钛titer 滴定度titration 滴定滴定误差titration error滴定分析titrimetry过渡金属Transition Metalstransmittance 透光率Tungsten (W) 钨U8。
无机化学专业英语词汇
无机化学专业英语词汇1.化学原理·chemical principles2.气体,液体和溶液的性质·the behaviors of gas ,liquid andsolution3.理想气体定律·ideal gas law4.道尔顿分压定律·Dalton’s Law of Partial pressures5.液体的蒸汽压·vapor pressure of liquid6.液体的凝固点·freezing point of liquid7.体系和环境·system and surrounding8.状态和状态函数·states and state functions9.化学热力学基础·the basis of chemical thermodynamics10.化学平衡·chemical equilibrium11.体系与状态·system and state12.热力学定理·law of thermodynamics13.热化学·thermochemistry14.焓·enthalpy15.混乱度·disorder16.熵·entropy17.吉布斯自由能·Gibbs free energy18.化学平衡·chemical equilibrium19.标准平衡常数·standard equilibrium constant20.同离子效应·the common ion effect21.缓冲溶液·buffered solution22.酸碱理论与电离平衡·the theories of acids &bases andionization equilibrium23.盐的水解·the hydrolysis of salts24.沉淀反应·the precipitation reactions25.溶度积·solubility product26.沉淀溶解平衡的移动·equilibrium shift between precipitationand dissolution27.分步沉淀·stepwise precipitation28.盐效应·salt effect29.氧化还原反应·oxidation and reduction reactions30.还原剂·reducing agent or reducer or reductant31.氧化剂·oxidazing agent or oxidizer or oxidant32.原电池·galvanic cell33.负极,正极·negative pole, positive pole34.阳极,阴极·anode ,cathode35.燃料电池·fuel cell36.电化学·electrochemistry37.电极电势·electrode potential38.歧化反应·disproportionation reaction39.化学动力学基础·the basis of chemical dynamics40.化学反应速率·the rate of chemical reaction41.化学反应机理·reaction mechanism42.化学反应活化能·activation energy of chemical reaction43.动能·kinetic energy44.基元反应·elementary reaction45.一级反应·first-order reaction46.零级反应·zero-order reaction47.化学理论·chemical theories48.原子结构·the atomics structure49.元素周期律·periodic system of elements50.原子内部·structure in atom51.氢原子光谱·the spectrum of atomic hydrogen52.等电子原理·isoelectronic principle53.电子构型·electronic structure of atom54.价电子构型·valance electronic configuration55.主量子数··principal quantum number56.角量子数·angular quantum number57.磁量子数·magnetic quantum number58.能级·energy levels59.原子核外电子的运动状态·moving stations of electrons outerthe atomic nucleus60.多电子原子结构·structure in many-electron atoms61.周期系·periodic system62.元素基本性质的周期性·periodic properties of the elements63.化学键和分子,晶体结构·chemical bonds and structures ofmolecules & crystals64.金属键和金属晶体·metallic bond and metallic crystal65.离子键和离子晶体·ionic bond and ionic crystal66.晶体学基础·crystallographic foundation67.配位化合物的基本概念·basic concepts of coordinationcompounds68.异构现象·isomerism69.化学结构异构现象·chemical structure isomerism70.电离异构体·ionization isomer71.溶剂合异构体·solvent isomer72.配位异构体·coordination isomer73.聚合异构体·polymer isomer74.键连异构体·linkage isomer75.立体异构现象·steric isomerism76.几何异构现象·geometrical isomerism77.光学异构现象·optical isomerism78.手性分子·chiral molecule79.配合物的化学键理论·the chemical bond theories ofcomplexes80.价键理论·valance bond theory81.内轨型杂化·inner hybridization82.内轨型配合物·inner orbital coordination83.外轨型杂化·outer hybridization84.外轨型配合物·outer orbital coordination85.配位平衡·coordination equilibrium86.晶体场理论·crystal field theory87.强场·strong field88.弱场·weak field89.配合物的稳定性·stabilization of complex90.配合物的平衡常数·equilibrium constant of complex91.配位化合物的应用·application of coordination compounds92.配位催化·coordination catalysis93.单基配体·unidentate ligand94.多基配体·multidentate ligand95.螯合物·chelate96.描述化学·descriptive chemistry97.稀有气体·the rare gases98.氢,碱金属和碱土元素·hydrogen ,alkali and alkali-earth metals99.卤素·the halogens100.过渡元素·the transition elements电泳Electrophoresis、紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-Visible Spectrophotometer。
(完整版)化学专业英语常用词汇
☆常用: ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名:规则:金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习:▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,九,十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核,是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径,raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的,非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性,碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物,复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的,如果供给能量,有失去电子的趋势。
(完整版)无机化学英语词汇
专业英语词汇----- 无机化学acid 酸碱basesalt 盐acid (or base) dissociation constant 酸(或碱)解离常数atomic number 原子序数原子轨道atomic orbital s原子atommolecule 分子离子ion阳离子cation阴离子anion电荷chargebond 键成键bondingdouble bond 双(重)键单键single bondcovalent bond 共价键氢键hydrogen bond氢键的形成hydrogen bondinghybridization 杂化coordination compounds or complexes 配位化合物(配合物)ligandelectronic configuration electron affinity electronegativity experiment inorganic chemistry inorganic compounds ionization energy lattice energy interaction oxoacid oxide monoxide dioxide hydroxide hydride sulfide alkali alkali metals halide配体电子组态电子亲和性电负性实验无机化学无机化合物电离能晶格能相互作用含氧酸氧化物一氧化物二氧化物氢氧化物氢化物硫化物(强)碱碱金属卤化物hydrogen halide 卤化氢metal halides 金属卤化物carbonate 碳酸盐sulfuric acid 硫酸sulfate 硫酸盐periodic table 周期表valence 价main group compounds 主族化合物p (or s, d, f)-block elements p (或s, d, f) 区元素group 13 (or 14, 15, …)eleme第s13 (或14, 15,…)兀素solid state 固态liquid state 液态gaseous state 气态free energy 自由能dissociation 解离reaction 反应reactivity 反应性aqueous solution 水溶液solubility 溶解性solute 溶质dissolution 溶解common-ion effect 同离子效应stability 稳定性thermodynamics热力学氧化 氧化剂 还原 还原剂 氧化还原反应 (电)势 电池 沉淀(物) 沉淀 氢 氧 碳 硅 氮 磷 硫 氟 氯 溴 碘 钠oxidationoxidantreductionreductantredoxpotential cellprecipitateprecipitationhydrogenoxygencarbonsiliconnitrogenphosphorussulfurfluorinechlorinebromineiodinesodiumpotassium calciummagnesium aluminum iron cobalt nickel copper zinc silver gold transition metals occurrence oxidation state ground state excited state spin high (or low) spin钾钙镁铝铁钴镍铜锌银金第一过渡系金属过渡金属存在氧化态基态激发态自旋高(或低)自旋the first row transition metals。
化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照普通化学General
化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照普通化学 General Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学 Physical Chemistry谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry 现在基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验 Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry 合成化学实验 Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验 Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验 Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展 Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis环境化学 Environmental Chemistry环境监测 Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry 化工制图Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验 Computer and Chemical Measurement 化学信息学Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry一、化工装置常用词汇一概论 introduction方案 (建议书 proposal可行性研究 feasibility study 方案设计 concept design工艺设计 process design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design开工会议 kick-off meeting 审核会议 review meeting外商投资 foreign investment 中外合资 joint venture中外合营 joint venture补偿贸易 compensation trade 合同合同附件 contract卖方 vendor买方 buyer顾客 client承包商 contractor工程公司 company供应范围 scope of supply生产范围 production scope生产能力 production capacity项目 project界区 battery limit装置 plant公用工程 utilities工艺流程图 process flow diagram工艺流程方块图 process block diagram管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout设备表 equipment list成品 (产品 product(final product副产品 by-product原料 raw-material设计基础数据 basic data for design技术数据 technical data数据表 data sheet设计文件 design document设计规定 design regulation现场服务 site service项目变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额 consumption quota技术转让 technical transfer技术知识 technical know-how technical knowledge技术保证 technical guarantee 咨询服务 consultative services 技术服务 technical services工作地点 location施工现场 construction field报价 quotation标书 bidding book公司利润 company profit固定价合同 fixed price contract固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract 成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract 定金 mobilization银行保证书 bank guarantee letter保留金 retention所得税 income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes 城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes 工作手册 work manual工作流程图 work flow diagram质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures采购计划 procurement plan施工计划 construction plan施工进度 construction schedule项目实施计划 project execution plan项目协调程序 project coordination procedure 项目总进度计划 project master schedule 设计网络计划 engineering network logic 项目质量保证 project quality assurance 项目质量控制 project quality control采购 procurement采购周期 procurement period会签 the squad check计算书 calculation sheets询价 inquiry检验 inspection运输 transportation开车 start up / commission验收 inspection & acceptance 校核 check审核 review审定 approve版次 version部门 department专业 specialty项目号 project number图号 drawing number目录 contents序言 foreword章 chapter节 section项 itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specificationDATA SHEET(技术表 technical data sheetTBA(技术评标 technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design packagePM (项目经理 project managerLDE(专业负责人 lead discipline engineerMRQ(材料询价单 Material requisition for quotationMRP(材料采购单 material requisition for purchaseBEP(基础工程设计包 basic engineering packageP&ID(管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing(diagram PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architectureDDP (详细设计阶段 detail design phase二、工艺流程连续过程 continuous process间歇过程 batch process工艺叙述 process description 工艺特点 process feature操作 operation反应 reaction副反应 side reaction絮凝 flocculation浮洗 flotation倾析 decantation催化反应 catalytical reaction 萃取 extraction中和 neutralization水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtration干燥 drying还原 reduction氧化 oxidation氢化 hydrogenation分解 decomposition离解 dissociation合成 synthetics吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption解吸 desorption结晶 crystallization 溶解 solution调节 modulate控制 control悬浮 suspension循环 circulation再生 regeneration再活化 reactivation 沥取 leaching破碎 crushing煅烧 caloination沉降 sedimentation 沉淀 precipitation 气化 gasification冷冻 refrigeration固化、结晶 solidification 包装 package 升华 sublimation燃烧 combustion引烧 ignition蒸馏 distillation碳化 carbonization 压缩 compression三、化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent 有机物 organic material 真空vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility凝固点 solidificalion point 沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率 evaporation rate 粘度 viscosity吸水的 water absorbent(a 无水的 anhydrous(a 外观 appearance 无色的 colorless(a透明的 transparent(a半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点 self-ignition temperature可燃气体 combustible gas可燃液体 inflammable liquid易燃液体 volatile liquid爆炸混合物 explosive mixture爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩 force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力 -应变曲线 stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度 ambient temperature工作温度 operating设计温度 design temperature(pressure相对湿度 RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity四、化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump 计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral pump潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump 轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器 flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler回转窑 rotary kiln 加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater 冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger 反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器 static mixers 管道混合器 line mixers 混合槽 mixing tanks 破碎机crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer球磨机 ballmill过滤器 filter分离器 separator干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner倾析器 decanter蒸发器 evaporator 再沸器 reboiler萃取器 extractor离心机 centrifuger吸附(收器 adsorber结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器 electric precipitator 洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor 往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机 nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor 多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor 固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor 管式反应器 tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger 螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件 tower accessories液体分配(布器 liquid distributor 填料支持板 support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶 (底层塔盘 top (bottom tray 挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头 elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽 intermediate tank加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank液滴分离器 knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐 floating roof tank内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank 球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder星型放料器 , 旋转阀 rotary valve 抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter 带式过滤器 belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器 cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier 真空干燥器 vacuum drier隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier回转干燥器 rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier 气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器 dish feeder 螺旋式加料器 screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher回转破碎机 gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机 roll crusher锤式破碎机 hammer crusher冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛 vibrating screen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机 root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine五、管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆 inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯 (包括密封圈 , 杆等 trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand level (handle压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve角阀 (角式截止阀 angle valveY 型阀 (截止阀 Y-valve(Y-body globe valve 球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式 (薄片型 wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀 piston type valve 旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV]安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve电磁阀 solenoid (operated valve电动阀 electrically(electric-motoroperated valve 气动阀 pneumatic operated valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放汽阀 (自动放汽阀 (automatic air vent valve换向阀 diverting (reversing valve呼吸阀 breather valve减压阀 pressure reducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve 切断阀 block (shut-off, stop valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阀 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子 , 管件 , 法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔 (弧焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated valve (水龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀 (小阀 bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header valve水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚 wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的 , 加强的 extra heavy (strong双倍加厚的 , 双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong 弯头 elbow 异径弯头 reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径 180°弯头 long radius return短半径 180°弯头 short radius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带支座三通 base tee45°斜三通 45°lateralY 型三通 true"Y"四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer管接头 coupling;full coupling活接头 union短管 nipple预制弯管 fabricated pipe bendU 型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头 universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW]螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的 socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰 slip-on flange平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 weld neck flange[WNF] 法兰盖 blind flange;blind异径法兰 reducing flange压力级 pressure rating(class突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面 ; 满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3. 管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type Y 型过滤器 Y-type strainer T 型过滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷咀 ; 喷头 spray nozzle喷射器 ejector取样冷却器 sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头 hose connection[HC] 快速接头 quick coupling 金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel8字盲板 spectacle (figure 8 blind 爆破板 rupture disk 4, 其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 cast iron[C.I.]铝 aluminum铜 , 紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 tensile strength非金属材料 non-metallic material 塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel网络钢板 checkered plate材料表 bill of material[BOM]材料统计 material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS] 汇总表 summary sheet5. 设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界 boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置 equipment arrangement (layout;plot plan 标高 , 立面 elevation[EL]支撑点 point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头 net positive suction head绝对标高 absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X" 视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视 section "A-A"轴测图 isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表 list of nozzles 地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管线号 line number总管 header; manifold旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口 sampling connection伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed比例 scale图 figure 草图 sketch 图例 legend 符号 symbol 件号 part n。
常见无机化学元素周期表元素单词中英对照专业英语
1. hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒ(ə)n]n. [化学] 氢Hydrogen: 氢气| 氢| 氢原子2. helium ['hi:liəm]n. 氦(符号为He,2号元素)3. lithium ['lɪθɪəm]n. 锂(符号Li)Lithium: 锂| 锂元素| 锂盐4. beryllium [bə'rɪlɪəm]n. [化学] 铍(符号Be)beryllium: 铍| 铍青铜| 铍鋍5. boron ['bɔːrɒn]n. [化学] 硼Boron: 硼| 硼粉| 硼元素6. carbon ['kɑːb(ə)n]n. [化学] 碳;碳棒;复写纸adj. 碳的;碳处理的Carbon: 碳| 碳纤维| 碳元素7. nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒ(ə)n]n. [化学] 氮nitrogen: 氮气| 氮| 痰气8. oxygen ['ɔksidʒən]n. 氧气,氧9. fluorine ['flʊəriːn; 'flɔː-]n. [化学] 氟fluorine: 氟10. neon ['niːɒn]n. 霓虹灯;氖(10号元素,符号Ne)Neon: 霓虹| 氖| 霓虹灯11. sodium ['səʊdɪəm]n. [化学] 钠(11号元素,符号Na)Sodium: 钠| 金属钠| 六偏磷酸钠12. magnesium [mæg'niːzɪəm]n. [化学] 镁Magnesium: 镁| 镁金| 可引至腹泻13. aluminum [ə'ljuːmɪnəm]n. 铝Aluminum: 铝| 铝合金| 铝框14. silicon ['sɪlɪk(ə)n]n. [化学] 硅;硅元素Silicon: 硅| 硅胶| 硅利康15. phosphorus ['fɒsf(ə)rəs]n. 磷phosphorus: 磷| 磷光物质| 含磷的16. sulfur ['sʌlfɚ]n. 硫磺;硫磺色vt. 用硫磺处理sulfur: 硫磺| 硫| 硫磺剂17. chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n]n. 氯(17号化学元素)18. argon ['ɑːgɒn]n. [化学] 氩(18号元素)Argon: 氩气| 氩| 亚冈19. potassium [pə'tæsɪəm]n. [化学] 钾Potassium: 钾| 钾质| 金属钾20. calcium ['kælsɪəm]n. [化学] 钙Calcium: 钙| 钙质| 钙粉21. scandium ['skændɪəm]n. [化学] 钪scandium: 钪| 钪棒22. titanium [taɪ'teɪnɪəm; tɪ-]n. [化学] 钛(金属元素)Titanium: 钛| 钛合金| 钛色洗23. vanadium [və'neɪdɪəm]n. [化学] 钒V anadium: 钒| 硫酸钒| 钒矿24. chromium ['krəʊmɪəm]n. [化学] 铬(24号元素,符号Cr)25. manganese ['mæŋgəniːz]n. [化学] 锰Manganese: 锰| 锰片| 电解锰26. iron ['aɪən]n. 熨斗;烙铁;坚强adj. 铁的;残酷的;刚强的vt. 熨;用铁铸成vi. 熨衣;烫平Iron: 整理和熨烫| 铁| 熨烫27. cobalt ['kəʊbɔːlt; -ɒlt]n. [化学] 钴;钴类颜料;由钴制的深蓝色Cobalt: 钴| 钴蓝色| 钴元素28. nickel ['nɪk(ə)l]n. 镍;镍币;五分镍币vt. 镀镍于Nickel: 镍| 五美分| 镍币29. copper ['kɒpə]n. 铜;铜币;警察adj. 铜的vt. 镀铜于Copper: 铜| 铜币| 合金30. zinc [zɪŋk]n. 锌vt. 镀锌于…;涂锌于…;用锌处理Zinc: 锌| 锌色| 锌粉31. gallium ['gælɪəm]n. [化学] 镓Gallium: 镓| 金属镓| 镓盐32. germanium [dʒɜː'meɪnɪəm]n. [化学] 锗(32号元素,符号Ge)Germanium: 锗| 锗粉| 盖乐33. arsenic ['ɑːs(ə)nɪk]n. 砷;砒霜;三氧化二砷adj. 砷的;含砷的arsenic: 砷| 砒霜| 内脏中毒34. selenium [sɪ'liːnɪəm]n. [化学] 硒Selenium: 硒| 硒粉| 免疫组织化学35. bromine ['brəʊmiːn]n. [化学] 溴Bromine: 溴素| 溴| 溴盐36. krypton ['krɪptɒn]n. [化学] 氪(元素符号为Kr)krypton: 氪| 氪气| 氪星37. barium ['beərɪəm]n. [化学] 钡(一种化学元素)barium: 钡| 金属钡| 钡剂38. radium ['reɪdɪəm]n. [化学] 镭(88号元素符号Ra)Radium: 镭| 镭灰| 北投石39. palladium [pə'leɪdɪəm]n. [化学] 钯;守护神palladium: 钯金| 钯| 守护神40. platinum ['plætɪnəm]n. [化学] 铂;白金;唱片集达100万张的销售量;银灰色adj. 唱片集已售出100万张的Platinum: 白金| 铂金| 白金色41. silver ['sɪlvə]n. 银;银器;银币;银质奖章;餐具;银灰色adj. 银的;含银的;有银色光泽的;口才流利的;第二十五周年的婚姻vt. 镀银;使有银色光泽vi. 变成银色silver: 银色| 银白色| 银42. gold [ɡəuld]n. 金,黄金;金色;金币adj. 金的,金制的;金色的43. cadmium ['kædmɪəm]n. [化学] 镉(元素符号Cd)Cadmium: 镉| 影响呼吸道| 镉粒44. mercury ['mə:kjuri]n. 水银;水银柱;精神Mercury: 水星| 水银| 汞45. tin [tɪn]n. 锡;罐头,罐;马口铁adj. 锡制的vt. 涂锡于;给…包马口铁Tin: 氮化钛46. lead [liːd]n. 领导;铅;导线;石墨;榜样adj. 带头的;最重要的vt. 领导;致使;引导;指挥vi. 领导;导致;用水砣测深Lead: 领先| 带领| 引导47. antimony ['æntɪmənɪ]n. [化学] 锑(符号Sb)Antimony: 锑| 锑粒| 锑块48. bismuth ['bɪzməθ]n. [化学] 铋Bismuth: 铋| 铋粒| 铋粉49. iodine ['aɪədiːn; -aɪn; -ɪn]n. 碘;碘酒Iodine: 碘| 碘酒| 放射药理学50. xenon ['zenɒn; 'ziː-]n. [化学] 氙(稀有气体元素)xenon: 氙| 氙气| 塞诺恩51. uranium [ju'reiniəm]n. [化]铀。
无机化学 专业的词汇
章chapter质量mass能量energy状态state尺度、维数dimension物质matter温度temperature压力pressure计量数stoichiometry化学chemistry化学反应chemical reaction物质的聚集态state of matter宏观macroscale微观microscopic介观mesoscopic相对原子质量atomic mass相对分子质量molecular mass元素(element)核素(nuclide)同位素(isotope)摩尔质量(molar mass)摩尔体积(molar volume)物质的量浓度(molar concentration)理想气体状态方程(Ideal gas equation)理想气体方程Ideal gas law理想气体分压定律(Law of Partial Pressures)理想气体分体积定律(Law of Partial Volumes)计量化合物(stoichiometric compound)反应热(reaction heat)反应焓变(reaction enthalpy)标准摩尔生成焓(standard enthalpy of formation ) 标准摩尔反应焓变\(standard enthalpy of reaction )热力学(thermodynamics)化学热学(chemical thermodynamics) 体系(system)环境(surrounding)敞开体系(opened system)封闭体系(sealed system)孤立体系(isolated system)状态函数(state function)始态initial state终态final state热(heat)功(work)系统system环境surrounding体积功(volume work)非体积功(non-volume work)热力学能(thermodynamic energy)动能kinetic energies势能potential energies内能internal energy能量守恒定律(Law of Conservation of Energy)常数constant强度性质(intensive property)广度性质(extensive property)反应热(heat of reaction)反应焓变(enthalpy of reaction)恒容(constant-volume)恒压(constant-pressure)吸热反应(endothermic reaction)放热反应(exothermic reaction)热化学式(thermochemical equation) 标准(状)态(standard state)化学反应的方向(direction ofreaction)吉布斯自由能变(Gibbs free energy) 化学反应速率(rate of reaction)化学反应的限度(equilibrium of reaction)化学平衡的移动(shift of reaction)自发过程(spontaneous process)熵变(entropy)标准摩尔熵standard entropy产物products反应物reactants吉布斯自由能变Gibbs free energy判据criterion乘积product平均速率(average rate)瞬间速率(instantaneous rate)系数coefficient活化能(activation energy)活化分子(active molecule)碰撞理论Collision theory过渡状态理论Transition-State Theory 活化配合物activated complex内因与外因(internal factors and external factors)质量作用定律(law of mass action)基元反应Elementary Reaction复杂反应(complex reaction)速率常数(rate constant)反应的机理(reaction mechanism)反应级数(reaction order)指数exponent催化剂catalyst反应历程reaction path相(phase)均相反应homogeneous catalysis非均相反应heterogeneous catalysis 可逆反应(reversible reaction)化学平衡(chemical equilibrium)不可逆反应(irreversible reaction)化学反应的限度(limited extent of a chemical reaction)正向forward反向reverse特征characteristics动态平衡(dynamic equilibrium)平衡常数(equilibrium constant)标准平衡常数(standard equilibrium constant)转化率(conversion)乘以multiply / times除以divide by化学平衡的移动(Shift of chemical equilibrium)原理(principle)酸碱平衡Acid-base equilibria沉淀平衡solubility equilibria酸性、碱性acidity and basicityOH- hydroxide ion质子proton接受accept给出donate电子对electron pair共价键covalent bond共轭酸碱对Conjugate acid–base pair 解离(dissociation)Acidic Neutral Basic甲基橙(Methyl orange)石蕊(Litmus)酚酞(phenolphthalein)弱电解质的解离反应(The dissociation of weak electrolytes)解离平衡和解离常数(Thedissociation equilibrium and dissociation constant)解Soultion一元弱酸monoprotic weak acid多元弱酸(polyprotic acid)同离子效应(common-ion effect)盐效应(salt effects)缓冲溶液(buffer solution)缓冲容量(buffer capacity)水解反应(hydrolysis of salt)水合离子hydronium ion水解常数(hydrolysis constant)本性(Intrinsic property)PartⅠFor each of the following statements, indicate whether it is true or false. (√ for the true, × for the false, 10 points, 1 point each)Part ⅡChoose the correct answer among each of the following choices (single choice, 25 points, 1 point each)Part ⅢFill in the blank (20 points, 1 point each)Part ⅣBalancing oxidation reduction reaction with the half-reaction method(6 points, 3 points for each)Part ⅤCalculation (39 points)the stablest formpure substancestandard stateindependentcatalyst exothermic or endothermicthe reactants transform to products an aqueous solutionThe degree of ionization for a weak electrolyteslightly soluble electrolytea larger solubilityoxidizeabsolute valuesurroundingforward and reverse reactions SpontaneousNonspontaneousreal gasideal gasthe relationship between the partial pressure and mole fraction of a component gasProportionalInversely proportionalEqualIndependenta closed vesselcompress the volumethe original volumethe ratioprepare a buffer solutiona saturated solutionneutralsequencethe oxidation numberthe area of copper platestandard electrode potentialvoltaic cellthree different pathsthe dissociation degreethe dissociation constantsthe cell notationthe platinum blackthe standard hydrogen electrodeCoordination Compounds下半学期量子理论(quantum theory)光的干涉(interference)衍射(diffraction)光电效应(photoelectric effect)薛定谔方程(SchrÖdinger equation) 波函数(wave function)主量子数(principal quantum number )副量子数(angular momentum quantum number)磁量子数(magnetic quantum number)自旋量子数(spin quantum number) 轨道(orbit)基态(ground state)泡利(Pauli)不相容原理(Pauli exclusion principle)能量最低原理(Building-up principle)洪德(Hund)规则(Hund’s rule)能级(energy level)屏蔽效应(shielding effect)钻穿效应(penetration effect)电子构型(electron configuration)元素周期表(periodic table)区(block)族(group)原子性质的周期性(periodic properties)原子半径(atomic radius)有效核电荷(effective nuclear charge) 电离能(ionization energy)电子亲和能(electron affinity)电负性(electronegativity) 键参数(bond parameter)键能(bond energy)键长(bond length)键角(bond angle)价键理论(valence bond theory)分子轨道理论(molecular orbital theory)极性(polarity)配位共价键(coordinate covalent bonds)离子键(ionic bond)分子的几何构型(molecular geometry) 杂化轨道(hybrid orbitals)原子轨道(atomic orbital)线性(linear)平面三角(trigonal planar)四面体(tetrahedral)三角双椎(trigonal bipyramidal)八面体(octahedral)顺磁性paramagnetic反磁性(diamagnetic)奇数(odd number)偶数(even number)成键轨道(bonding orbital)反键轨道(antibonding orbital)键级(bond orders)分子间力(intermolecular forces)氢键(hydrogen bond)键的极性(polarity of bonding)分子的极性(the polarity of molecule) 偶极距(dipole moment)分子的变形性(the distortion of molecule)极性分子(polar molecules)色散力(dispersion forces)诱导力(induction force)取向力(dipole–dipole force)瞬间偶极(instantaneous dipoles)孤对电子(lone pair electrons)晶体(crystal)非晶体(amorphous)晶格(crystal lattice)晶胞(unit cell)分子晶体(molecular crystal)离子晶体(ionic crystal)金属晶体(metallic crystal)原子晶体(covalent network crystal)各向同性(isotropy)各向异性(anisotropy)配离子(complex ion)配位化合物(complex, coordination compound)配体(ligand)配位数(coordination number)给体(donor)单齿配体(monodentate ligand)双齿配体(bidentate ligand)多齿配体(polydentate ligand)螯合物(chelate)晶体场理论(crystal field theory)配位原子(coordinating atom)杂化类型(hybridization type)内轨(inner orbital)外轨(outer orbital)磁性(magnetism)点电荷(point charge)过渡金属(transition-metal)分裂能(splitting energy)电子成对能(pairing energy)高、低自旋(high-spin, low spin)晶体场稳定化能(crystal field stability energy)。
化学专业英语(竞赛)
化学专业英语一、无机化学1. periodic table 元素周期表element 元素metal 金属nonmetal 非金属transition metal 过渡金属group / family 族alkali metal 碱金属alkaline earth metal 碱土金属chalcogen 氮族元素halogen 卤素noble gas 稀有气体period 周期lanthanide 镧系元素actinide 锕系元素block 区s-block s区(H、He、碱金属、碱土金属)p-block p区(IIIA~VIIA族、稀有气体(He除外))d-block d区(过渡金属)f-block f区(镧系元素、锕系元素)2. electron configuration 电子排布,电子构型electron shell 电子层shell (电子)层subshell (电子)亚层atomic orbital 原子轨道structure 结构molecule 分子molecular 分子的atom 原子atomic nucleus 原子核electron 电子electron cloud 电子云ion 离子anion /ˈæn.aɪ.ən/ 阴离子cation /ˈkæt.aɪ.ən/ 阳离子3. quantum number 量子数principal quantum number 主量子数(n)1≤nazimuthal quantum number 角量子数(ℓ)0≤ℓ≤n-1magnetic quantum number 磁量子数(m)- ℓ≤m ≤ℓspin quantum number 自旋量子数(s或m s)±1/2Pauli exclusion principle(泡利不相容原理):Two electrons cannot occupy the same quantum state within a quantum system simultaneously.Hund’s principle / Hund’s rule(洪特规则):If two orbitals of equal energy are available, electrons will occupy them singly before filling them in pairs.4. chemical bond 化学键ionic bond 离子键ionization energy 电离能electron affinity 电子亲和能ionic polarization 离子极化dipole 偶极covalent bond 共价键metallic bond 金属键(=metallic bonding)intermolecular force 分子间作用力van der Waals force 范德华力5. Lewis structure 路易斯结构lone pairs 孤电子对,孤对电子valence electron 价电子single bond 单键multiple bond 多重键(double bond 双键,triple bond 三键)6. chemical reaction 化学反应四种基本反应类型(four basic types):combination reaction 化合反应 C + O2= C O2decomposition reaction 分解反应Cu(OH)2 = CuO + H2Odisplacement reaction (single displacement reaction) 置换反应Fe + CuSO4 = FeSO4 + Cumetathesis reaction (double displacement reaction) 复分解反应AgNO3 + NH4I = NH4NO3+ AgI↓precipitation 沉淀(作用)precipitate 沉淀物其它反应:reduction-oxidation reaction (=redox reaction) 氧化还原反应oxidation 氧化reduction 还原combustion 燃烧(=burning)stoichiometry /ˌstɔɪkiˈɒmɪtri/ 化学计量stoichiometric ration 化学计量比reactivity series of metals / activity series of metals 金属活动性顺序standard electrode potential 标准电极电势(符号Eθ)chemical stability 化学稳定性acid-base reaction 酸碱(中和)反应conjugated acid 共轭酸conjugated base 共轭碱Lewis acid 路易斯酸Lewis base 路易斯碱Brønsted acid Brønsted酸Brønsted base Brønsted碱7. solution 溶液solute 溶质solvent 溶剂concentration 浓度concentrated 浓的dilute 稀的molality 质量摩尔浓度(mol溶质/kg溶剂) mole fraction 摩尔分数mass fraction 质量分数mass concentration 质量浓度(kg/m3)osmotic pressure 渗透压molar concentration 摩尔浓度(mol/L)solubility 溶解度solubility product 溶度积(K sp)soluble 可溶的slightly soluble 微溶的insoluble 难溶的,不溶的solvation 溶剂化作用solvate 溶剂合物(如CaCl2·C2H5OH)hydration 水合作用hydrate 水合物(如CuSO4·5H2O)hemihydrate 半水合物monohydrate 一水合物dihydrate 二水合物(tri- 3, tetra- 4, penta- 5, hexa- 6, hepta- 7, octa- 8, nona- 9, deca- 10, undeca- 11, dodeca- 12)8. compound (=chemical compound) 化合物inorganic compound 无机化合物organic compound 有机化合物nomenclature /nəˈmenklətʃə(r)/ 命名法chemical formula 化学式empirical formula 实验式,简式structural formula 结构式molecular formula 分子式macromolecule 高分子polymer 聚合物coordination complex 配合物,络合物元素名以ium(或um)结尾的,去掉后缀,某化物加ide,如硫化钠sodium sulfide。
化学专业英语
化学专业英语1、化学专业英语:一、无机化学术语1、periodic table 元素周期表2、electronic structure电子构型3、wavelength波长4、frequency频率5、wave number波数6、diffraction衍射7、quantum量子8、quantized量子化9、quantum theory量子理论10、photoelectric effect光电效应11、photon光子12、quantum mechanics量子力学13、Heisenberg uncertainty principle海森堡测不准原理14、momentum动量15、angular momentum角动量16、ground state基态17、excited states激发态18、quantum number量子数19、atomic orbital原子轨道20、the four quantum numbers四个量子数21、electron configuration电子构型22、Pauli exclusion principle泡利不相容原理23、Hund’s principle洪特规则24、paramagnetism顺磁性25、diamagnetism反磁性26、period周期27、noble gas惰性气体28、Representative elements代表性元素29、Transition elements过渡元素30、Metals金属31、nonmetals非金属32、semiconducting elements半导体元素33、chemical bond化学键34、valence electrons价电子35、Lewis symbol路易斯符号36、Chemical stability化学稳定性37、octet rule八隅体规则38、chemical reactivity化学反应性39、metallic bonding金属键40、ionic bonding 离子键41、Lewis structures路易斯结构42、nonbonding electron pairs(lone pairs)非成键电子对43、covalent bonding共价键44、single单键45、multiple(double,triple) and coordinate(donor atom and acceptor atom) covalent bond配位键46、resonance共振47、resonance hybrid共振杂化48、nonpolar and polar covalent bond非极性和极性共价键49、dipole偶极50、network covalent substances51、bond dissociation energy键解离能52、lattice energy点阵能,晶格能53、atomic radii原子半径54、effective nuclear charge有效核电荷55、screening effect屏蔽效应56、Scanning 扫描57、Lanthanide contraction镧系收缩58、isoelectronic ions等电子离子59、ionization energy电离能60、noble gas configuration惰性气体构型61、electron affinity电子亲和能62、pseudo-noble gas configuration稀有气体原子实63、polarization of an ion离子极化64、electronegativity电负性65、electronegative atom电正性原子66、electropositive atom电负性原子67、Oxidation numbers氧化值68、Oxidation state氧化态69、molecular geometry分子几何70、bond axis键轴71、valence bond theory价键理论72、hybridization杂化73、isomers异构体74、structural isomers结构异构75、delocalized electrons离域电子76、dipole moment偶极矩77、London bond色散力78、nuclide核素79、nucleons核子80、mass defect质量缺陷81、nuclear binding energy核结合能82、nuclear fusion核聚变83、nuclear fission核裂变84、radioactivity放射性85、radionuclides放射性核素86、magic number幻数87、bombardment reaction轰击反应88、antineutrino反中微子89、neutrino中微子90、positron正电子(阳电子)91、electron capture电子捕获92、chain reaction链式反应93、crtical mass临界质量94、nuclear reaction 核反应95、thermonuclear reactions热核反应96、breeder reactor增殖反应97、hydration水合98、solvation溶剂化99、chemical equilibrium化学平衡100、hydrolysis水解101、hydrates水合物102、efflorescence风化物103、hygroscopic 吸湿104、deliquescence潮解105、electrolytes电解质106、strong(weak)electrolytes强电解质107、nonelectrolytes非电解质108、acidic(alkaline)aqueous solution109、polyprotic acids多元酸110、neutralization中和反应111、complex ion络合离子112、ligands配体113、hard water 硬水114、carbonate hardness碳酸盐硬度115、water softening水软化116、permanent hardness永久硬度117、ion exchange离子交换118、fossil fuels化石燃料119、oxidation氧化120、reduction还原121、oxidation-reduction(redox)reactions氧化还原反应122、oxidizing agent氧化剂123、heavy water重水124、absorption吸附125、acidic anhydride(oxide)酸性酸酐126、basic anhydride(oxide)碱性酸酐127、amphoteric两性128、allotropes同素异形体129、acid salt酸式盐130、oxidizing anion氧化性阴离子131、disproportionation reaction歧化反应132、oxidizing acids氧化性酸。
化学化工专业英语词汇
Abio chemistry 无生化学;无机化学ablation 消融ablution 洗净abnormal setting 反常凝结abnormality 反常abradant 磨料abrader 磨损试验机abrasion 磨耗abrasion loss 磨损量abrasion resistance 耐磨能力abrasion test 磨耗试验abrasion testing machine 磨损试验机abrasive 磨料abrasive grain 磨料颗粒abrasive industry 磨料工业abrasive paper 砂纸abrasiveness 磨损性abrasives 研磨剂abs resin abs 尸abs resins abs 尸absinthe oil 洋艾油absolute activity 绝对活性度absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute calibration 绝对校准absolute configuration 绝对构型absolute dry condition 绝对干燥状态absolute dry weight 绝对干重absolute error 绝对误差absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute measurement 绝对测量absolute reaction rate 绝对反应速度absolute sensitivity 绝对灵敏度absolute specific gravity 真比重absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute unit 绝对单位absolute value 绝对值absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute zero 绝对零度absorbability 吸收性absorbance 吸光度absorbed dose 吸收线量absorbent 吸收剂absorbent paper 吸收纸absorber 吸收器吸收体absorbing power 吸收能力absorptiometer 吸光测定计absorptiometric analysis 吸光分析absorptiometry 吸收分光光度法absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收带absorption cell 吸收池absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption column 吸收塔absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption edge 吸收端absorption factor 吸收因子absorption heat 吸收热absorption intensity 吸收强度absorption line 吸收线absorption maximum 最大吸收absorption method 吸收法absorption oil 吸收油absorption pipet 吸收管absorption refrigerator 吸收式冷冻器absorption spectrophotometry 吸收分光光度法absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption tower 吸收塔absorption tube 吸收管absorptive power 吸收能力absorptivity 吸收率accelerant 促进剂accelerated aging 加速老化accelerated aging test 加速老化试验accelerated weathering test 加速风化试验accelerating agent 促进剂acceleration globulin 促凝血球蛋白acceleration of gravity 重力加速度accelerator 促进剂acceptor 接受体accessory constituent 副成分accetyl value number 乙酰值accidental error 偶然误差acclimatization 驯化accommodation 适应accumulator 蓄电池accumulator acid 蓄电池酸液accuracy 准确度acetal 乙缩醛acetal phosphatide 缩醛磷脂acetal resin 缩醛尸acetaldehydase 乙醛酶acetaldehyde 乙醛acetaldehyde ammonia 乙醛合氨acetaldehyde reductase 醇脱氢酶acetate dye 醋酸染料acetate fiber 醋酸纤维acetate film 醋酸纤维胶片acetate rayon 醋酸丝acetazolamide 乙酰唑胺acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid fermentation 乙酸发酵acetic acid glacial 冰醋酸acetic aldehyde 乙醛acetic anhydride 醋酐acetic bacteria 醋酸菌acetic ester 醋酸酯acetification 醋化酌acetone 丙酮acetone alcohol 丙酮醇acetone body 酮体acetone butanol fermentation 丙酮丁醇发酵acetone chloroform 三氯叔丁醇acetone cyanhydrin 丙酮合氰化氢acetone dicarboxylic acid 丙酮二羧酸acetone fermentation 丙酮发酵acetone sugar 丙酮糖acetonic acid 醋酮酸acetonitrile 乙腈aceturic acid 乙酰甘氨酸acetyl bromide 乙酰溴acetyl chloride 乙酰氯acetyl hydroperoxide 过乙酸acetyl iodide 碘化乙酰acetyl ketene 二酮acetyl peroxide 过氧化乙酰acetyl propionyl 乙酰丙酰acetyl value 乙酰值acetylating agent 乙酰剂acetylation 乙酰化acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acetylene 乙炔acetylene black 乙炔炭黑acetylene burner 乙炔燃烧器acetylene chemistry 乙炔化学acetylene chloride 乙炔基氯acetylene complex 乙炔络合物acetylene generator 乙炔发生器acetylene linkage 炔键acetylene polymer 乙炔聚合物acetylene tetrachloride 四氯乙炔acetylene welding 气焊acetylenic hydrocarbon 乙炔属烃类acetylide 乙炔化合物acid albumin 酸蛋白acid alizarine 酸性茜素acid amide 酸胺acid ammonium sulfate 硫酸氢铵acid ammonium tartrate 酒石酸氢铵acid anhydride 酸酐acid azid 酰基叠acid azo dye 酸性偶氮染料acid base catalysis 酸碱催化acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡acid base indicator 酸碱指示剂acid base pair 酸碱对acid base titration 酸碱滴定acid bath 酸浴acid black 酸性黑acid carbonate 酸性碳酸盐acid chloride 酸性氯化物acid content 含酸量acid converter 酸性转炉acid decomposition 酸分解acid dye 酸性染料acid egg 酸蛋acid elevator 酸蛋acid error 酸误差acid fermentation 酸发酵acid catalyst 酸催化剂acid fixing bath 酸性定像浴acid former 成酸物质acid fuchsin 酸性品红acid green 酸性绿acid group 酸根acid halide 酸性卤化物acid hydrolysis 加酸水解酌;酸解acid iodide 酰基碘acid mordant dye 酸性媒染料acid number 酸值acid of lemon 柠檬酸acid pickle 废酸液acid pickling 酸浸acid potassium carbonate 酸式碳酸钾acid potassium sulfate 硫酸氢钾acid precipitation 酸雨acid proof alloy 耐酸合金acid proof brick 耐酸砖acid proof enamel 防酸搪瓷acid proof paint 耐酸涂料acid proof pump 耐酸泵acid radical 酸基acid reaction 酸性反应acid recovery plant 废酸回收设备acid refractory 酸性耐火材料acid resistance 耐酸性acid salt 酸性盐acid sludge 废酸acid sodium carbonate 酸式碳酸钠acid solution 酸溶液acid strength 酸强度acid sulfate 硫酸氢盐acid treatment 酸处理acid value 酸值acidic oil resin 酸性油尸acidic oxide 酸性氧化物acidic reaction 酸性反应acidic titrant 酸性滴定剂acidification 酸化acidimeter 酸比重计acidimetry 酸量滴定acidity 酸度acidity function 酸度函数acidosis 酸中毒acmite 锥辉石acriflavine hydrochloride 盐酸氮蒽黄acrinamin 奎纳克林acrolein 丙烯醛acrolein dimer 丙烯醛二聚物acrolein resin 丙烯醛尸acrolein test 丙烯酸试验acrosin 精虫头粒蛋白acrylaldehyde 丙烯醛acrylamide 丙烯酰胺acrylate 丙烯酸盐acrylic acid 丙烯酸acrylic fiber 丙烯酸纤维acrylic resin 丙烯酸尸acrylic rubber 丙烯酸橡胶acrylonitrile 丙烯腈actin 肌动蛋白actinic rays 光化射线actinide 锕类actinides 锕化物actinism 光化度actinium 锕actinium series 锕系actinochemistry 光化学actinolite 阳起石actinometer 日光辐射计actinomycin 放线菌素activated adsorption 活性吸附activated alumina 活性矾土activated atom 活化原子activated carbon 活性炭activated clay 活性白土activated complex 活化络合物activated molecule 活化分子activated sludge 活性污泥activated sludge process 活性污泥法activated state 跃迁态activation 活化activation analysis 放射化分析activation energy 活化能activator 活化剂active carbon 活性炭active center 活化中心active charcoal 活性炭active deposit 活性沉积物active earth 漂白土active earths 活性土active filler 活性填料active group 活性基active hydrogen 活性氢active mass 有效质量active material 活性物质active nitrogen 活性氮active oxygen 活性氧active power 有效功率active solvent 活性溶剂activity 活度activity coefficient 活度系数activity index 活动指数actomyosin 肌动球朊acyclic 无环的acyclic compound 无环化合物acyclic hydrocarbon 无环烃acyl carrier protein 酰基载体蛋白acyl chloride 酰基氯acyl group 酰基acyl peroxide 过氧化酰基acylating agent 酰化剂acylation 酰化adamsite 亚当氏毒气adaptability 适应性adaptation 适应adapter 接管adaptive system 自适应系统adatom 被吸附原子addition 附加addition agent 添加剂addition compound 加成化合物addition polymer 加聚物addition polymerization 加聚酌addition product 附加产物addition reaction 加成反应addition solid solution 加成固溶体additional loss 附加损失additive 添加剂additive color process 加色法additive mixing 加法混合additivity 加性adduct 加合物adduct rubber 加合橡胶adermin 抗皮炎素adherence 粘合adherence test 粘着试验adhesion 粘合adhesive 胶粘的adhesive ability 粘着能力adhesive bond 粘结结合adhesive capacity 粘着能力adhesive film 粘附膜adhesive power 粘附力adhesive tape 粘合带adhesiveness 粘合性adhesives 粘着剂adhesivity 粘附性adiabatic calorimeter 绝热量热器adiabatic change 绝热变化adiabatic compressibility 绝热压缩系数adiabatic curve 绝热曲线adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic lapse rate 绝热递减率adiabatic potential 绝热电位adiabatic process 绝热过程adiabatic reaction 绝热反应adiabatic reactor 绝热反应器adrenal cortex hormone 肾上腺皮质激素adrenalin 肾上腺素adsorbability 吸附性adsorbate 吸附质adsorbent 吸附剂adsorber 吸附器adsorption 吸附adsorption analysis 吸附分析adsorption capacity 吸附能力adsorption chromatography 吸附色层分析法adsorption compound 吸附化合物adsorption current 吸附电流adsorption equilibrium 吸附平衡adsorption exponent 吸附指数adsorption heat 吸附热adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线adsorption potential 吸附势adsorption site 吸附点adsorption water 吸附水adsorption wave 吸附波aerated concrete 加气混凝土aerated water 充气水aeration 吹风aerobe 需氧微生物aerobic digestion 需氧消化aerobic fermentation 需氧发酵aerochemical 空气化学的aerochemistry 空气化学aerocolloid 气溶胶aerodynamic sound 空气动力声affinity labeling 亲和标记aflatoxin 黄曲毒素after cure 后硫化after effect 后效应after fermentation 后发酵after ripening 后熟after vulcanization 后硫化age resister 抗老剂agent 试剂agent of oxidation 氧化剂agglomerate 烧结块agglomeration 结块agglutinant 凝集剂agglutination 凝集agglutination reaction 凝集反应agglutinin 凝集素agglutometer 胶粘计aggregate 聚集体aggregation 聚集aging 成熟aging resistance 抗老化性agitation 搅拌agitator 搅拌机aglycon 糖苷配基agmatin 精胺agricultural chemistry 农业化学air bath 空气浴air bubble 气泡air cell 空气电池air chamber 空气室air classifier 风力分级器air compressor 空气压缩机air condenser 空气冷凝器air conditioning 空气第air conditioning equipment 空气第设备air content 空气含量air cooler 空气冷却器air cure 空气硫化air deficiency 空气缺乏air drying 空气干燥air elutriation 风筛air entraining agent 加气剂air excess 空气过量air filter 空气过滤器air fuel ratio 空气燃料比air gas 空气气体air hardening steel 空气淬硬钢air heater 空气加热器air humidity 空气湿度air lift 空气吸扬air liquefier 空气液化器air liquefying apparatus 空气液化装置air oxidation 空气氧化air pollution 大气污染air pump 气泵air purifier 空气净化器air reduction process 空气还原法air reservoir 储气筒air separation 吹气分离air separator 空气分离器air setting 空气硬化air shower 空气淋浴air temperature 气温airhole 风眼albumin glue 蛋白胶albuminate 白蛋白化合物albuminoid 硬朊alchemy 炼金术alcian blue 阿尔新蓝alcogel 醇凝胶alcohol 醇alcohol acid 醇酸alcohol dehydrogenase 醇脱氢酶alcohol fuel 酒精燃料alcohol lamp 酒精灯alcohol of crystallization 结晶醇alcohol thermometer 酒精温度计alcohol varnish 醇溶清漆alginate 藻蛋白酸盐alginate fiber 藻酸纤维alginic acid 海藻酸algol blue 阿果蓝algol color 阿果染料algorithm 算法alicyclic 脂环族的alicyclic compound 脂环化合物aliesterase 脂族酯酶aliphatic 无环的aliphatic acid 脂族酸aliphatic alcohol 脂族醇aliphatic amine 脂族胺aliphatic base 脂族碱aliphatic compound 脂族化合物aliphatic ether 脂族醚aliphatic hydrocarbon 脂族烃aliphatic series 脂族系aliphatic unsaturated carboxylic acid 脂族不饱羧酸alite 阿里特alizarin 茜素alizarin blue 茜素蓝alizarin brown 茜素棕alizarin dye 茜素染料alizarin lake 茜素色淀alizarin yellow 茜黄alizarine 茜素alkali 碱alkali blue 碱性蓝alkali cellulose 碱纤维素alkali fusion 碱熔融alkali ion diode 碱离子二极管alkali lignin 碱木素alkali liquor 碱液alkali metal 碱金属alkali resistance 耐碱性alkali rock 碱性岩alkali salt 碱金属盐alkalimeter 碱量计alkalimetry 碱量滴定法alkaline accumulator 减蓄电池alkaline bath 碱浴alkaline cell 碱性电池alkaline cleaner 碱性清洗剂alkaline earth metal 碱土金属alkaline earths 碱土族alkaline hydrolysis 加碱水解alkaline reaction 碱性反应alkaline solution 碱性溶液alkaline storage battery 减蓄电池alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkaloid 生物碱alkaloid reagent 生物碱试剂alkalosis 碱中毒alkine 链炔alkyd paint 醇酸涂料alkyd resin 醇酸尸alkyd resin varnish 醇酸清漆alkyl 烷基alkyl cellulose 烷基纤维素alkyl cyanide 烷基氰alkyl group 烷基alkyl halide 烷基卤alkyl sulfate 烷基硫酸盐alkyl sulfide 烷基硫alkyl sulfonic acid 烷基磺酸allergy 过敏反应allethrin 丙烯拟除虫菊酯allicin 蒜辣素alligator pear oil 鳄梨油allosteric effect 别构效应allosteric enzyme 变构酶allosteric transition 变构转变allostery 变构性allothreonine 别苏氨酸allotrope 同素异形体allotropism 同素异形allotropy 同素异形allowable error 容许误差allowed transition 容许跃迁alloxan 阿脲alloxanic acid 阿脲酸alloxazine 咯嗪alloy 合金alloy analysis 合金分析alloy steel 合金钢allulose 阿卢糖alluvial gold 砂金allyl acetate 醋酸丙烯酯allyl alcohol 烯丙醇allyl amine 烯丙胺allyl bromide 烯丙基溴allyl chloride 烯丙基氯allyl complex 烯丙基络合物allyl compound 烯丙基化合物allyl cyanide 烯丙基腈allyl iodide 烯丙基碘allyl isothiocyanate 异硫氰酸烯丙酯allyl mercaptan 烯丙硫醇allyl resin 烯丙尸allyl sulfide 烯丙基硫allylene 丙炔allylic rearrangement 烯丙重排alpha brass 黄铜alpha cellulose 纤维素alpha counter 粒子计数器alpha iron 铁alpha naphthol 萘酚alpha position 位alpha ray spectrometer 射线能谱仪alpha rays 射线alstonine 鸡骨常山碱alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃alternating copolymer 交替共聚物alternating current 交流alternating current polarography 交莲谱alternation 交替altimeter 测高仪altitude 高度altrose 阿卓糖alum 茂alumel 镍基锰合金alumina 氧化铝alumina brick 矾土砖alumina bubble brick 泡沫矾土砖alumina cement 矾土水泥alumina fiber 氧化铝纤维alumina gel 铝凝胶alumina silica refractory 硅酸铝耐火材料aluminate 铝酸盐aluminum 铝alumite 茂石alumstone 茂石alundum 刚铝石alunite 茂石amalgam 汞齐amalgam cell 汞齐电池amalgam electrode 汞齐电极amalgamation 汞齐化amalgamation process 汞齐化过程amanitin 鹅膏菌素amaranth 蓝光酸性红amatol 阿马图amber 琥珀amber glass 琥珀玻璃amberite 琥珀炸药amine 胺amine formaldehyde 胺甲醛amine oxidase 胺氧化酶amino acid 氨基酸amino acid sequence 氨基酸顺序amino compound 氨基化合物amino nitrogen 氨基氮amino plastic resin 氨基塑料尸amino resins 氨基尸amino sugar 氨基糖amino terminal 氨基末端酸aminopeptidase 氨基胜胨酵素aminophenol 氨基苯酚ammeter 电另ammonal 阿芒拿ammonia 氨ammonia compressor 氨气压缩机ammonia gas 氨气ammonia poisoning 氨中毒ammonia still 氨气塔ammonia synthesis 氨合成ammonia water 氨水ammoniacal brine 氨盐水ammoniacal fermentation 氨发酵ammoniacal latex 氨胶乳ammoniated superphosphate 含铵过磷酸钙ammonite 阿芒炸药ammonium 铵ammonium acetate 乙酸铵ammonium alum 铵茂ammonium benzoate 安息香酸铵ammonium borate 硼酸铵ammonium carbamate 氨基甲酸铵ammonium carbonate 碳酸铵ammonium chloride 氯化铵ammonium chromate 铬酸铵ammonium cyanate 氰酸铵ammonium dichromate 重铬酸铵ammonium fluoride 氟化铵ammonium formate 甲酸铵ammonium hydrogen carbonate 碳酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵ammonium iodate 碘酸铵ammonium iron sulfate 硫酸铁铵ammonium metavanadate 偏钒酸铵ammonium molybdate 钼酸铵ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium nitrate explosive 硝铵炸药ammonium nitrate fertilizer 硝铵肥料ammonium oxalate 草酸铵ammonium perchlorate 高氯酸铵ammonium persulfate 过硫酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium phosphite 亚磷酸铵ammonium phosphomolybdate 磷钼酸铵ammonium stearate 硬脂酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵ammonium sulfite 亚硫酸铵ammonium thiocyanate 硫氰酸铵amorphism 无定形amorphous carbon 无定形碳amorphous graphite 无定型石墨amorphous material 无定形材料amorphous metal 无定形金属amorphous phosphorus 无定形磷amorphous polymer 非晶态聚合物amorphous state 无定形状态amorphous sulfur 无定形硫ampere 安amphibole 闪石amphipathic molecule 两亲水脂分子amphiphilic molecule 两亲水脂分子ampholyte 两性电解质ampholytic active agent 两性表面活性剂ampholytic surfactant 两性表面活性剂ampholytoid 两性胶体amphoteric 两性的amphoteric character 两性特征amphoteric colloid 两性胶体amphoteric compound 两性化合物amphoteric ion 两性离子amphoteric oxide 两性氧化物amphoteric resin 两性尸amplifier 放大器ampule 安瓿amygdalin 扁桃苷amyl 戊基amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯amyl alcohol 戊醇amyl bromide 戊基溴amyl butyrate 丁酸戊酯amyl ether 戊醚amyl formate 甲酸戊酯amyl mercaptan 戊硫醇amyl nitrite 亚硝酸戊酯amyl oleate 油酸戊酯amyl propionate 丙酸戊酯amyloid 淀粉状朊amylolysis 淀粉分解amylopectin 支链淀粉amylopsin 胰淀粉酶amylose 直链淀粉anabolism 同化酌anaerobe 厌氧微生物anaerobic glycolysis 无氧糖酵解analcime 方沸石analgesic 镇痛药analog digital conversion 模拟数字转换analog signal 模拟信号analogue 类似analogue computer 模拟计算机analysis 分析analysis line 分析线analysis with ion selective electrodes 离子选择电极分析法analytically pure 分析纯anatase octahedrite 锐钛矿anchor agitator 锚式搅拌器anchor stirrer 锚式搅拌器andalusite 红柱石andesite 安山岩anesthetic 麻醉剂anethole 茴香脑aneurin 硫胺素angelica lactone 当归内酯angelica oil 当归油angiotensin 血管紧张肽angle of polarization 偏振光角angle of refraction 折射角angle of repose 休止角anglesite 硫酸铅矿angstrom 埃angular momentum 角动量anhalonine 老头掌碱anhydride 酐anhydrite 硬石膏anhydrone 无水高氯酸镁anhydrous 无水的anhydrous acid 无水酸anhydrous alcohol 无水酒精anhydrous ammonia 无水氨anhydrous salt 无水盐anileridine 氨苄哌替啶anilide 酰替苯胺aniline 苯胺aniline black 苯胺黑aniline blue 苯胺蓝aniline dye 苯胺染料aniline formaldehyde resin 苯胺甲醛尸aniline hydrochloride 盐酸苯胺aniline point 苯胺点aniline red 苯胺红aniline resin 苯胺尸aniline yellow 苯胺黄anilol 酒精苯胺混合液animal biochemistry 动物生化学animal charcoal 骨炭animal chemistry 动物化学animal dye 动物染料animal fat 动物脂animal fiber 动物纤维animal glue 动物胶animal oil 动物油anime 硬尸anion 阴离子anion active agent 阴离子表面活性剂anion exchange 阴离子交换anion exchange resin 阴离子交换尸anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合anionic surfactant 阴离子表面活性剂anionoid reagent 类阴离子试剂anionotropy 阴离子移变现象anisaldehyde 茴香醛anise oil 茴香油anisic acid 茴香酸anisic alcohol 茴香醇anisidine 茴香胺anisole 茴香醚annealing furnace 退火窑annealing temperature 退火温度annulene 环轮烯anode 阳极anode effect 阳极效应anode process 阳极过程anode slime 阳极淀渣anodic oxidation 阳极氧化anodic polarization 阳极极化anodic reaction 阳极反应anodization 阳极化anodizing 阳极化anolyte 阳极电解液anomalous dispersion 异常弥散anomalous magnetic moment 异常磁矩anomalous skin effect 反常囚效应anthraquinone dye 蒽醌染料anthrarufin 蒽绛酚anthraxylon 结焦素anthrone 蒽酮anti allergic drug 抗过敏性药anti fouling paint 防污涂料anti tack agent 防粘剂antiacid 解酸药antiacid additive 抗酸添加剂antiager 抗老剂antiaromaticity 反芳香性antibiosis 抗生antibiotics 抗生物质antibody 抗体antibonding orbital 反键轨道anticarcinogen 抗癌物anticatalyst 抗催化剂anticathode 对阴极antichlor 脱氯剂anticholinesterase 抗胆碱酯酶剂anticoagulant 抗凝剂anticoagulating action 阻凝酌anticonvulsant 镇痉剂anticorrosion 抗腐蚀anticorrosive agent 防腐蚀剂anticorrosive paint 防腐涂料antigen 抗原antihistamine 抗组胺剂antihistaminic agent 抗组胺剂antiknock agent 抗爆剂antiknock gasoline 抗爆汽油antiknocking fuel 抗爆燃料antimetabolite 抗代谢物antimonate 锑酸盐antimonial lead 锑铅antimonic acid anhydride 锑酸酐antimonide 锑化物antimonite 亚锑酸盐antimony 锑antimony chloride 氯化锑antimony electrode 锑电极antimony hydride 氢化锑antimony oxide 氧化锑antimony potassium tartrate 酒石酸锑钾antimony red 锑红antimony sulfate 硫酸锑antimony sulfide 硫化锑antimony trisulfide 三硫化二锑antisepsis 防腐antiseptics 防腐剂antispasmodic 镇痉剂antistat 抗静电剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂antitermination factor 抗终止因素antithrombin 抗凝血酶antitoxin 抗毒素antivitamin 抗维生素apatite 磷灰石apparatus 装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能apparent density 表观密度apparent equilibrium 表观平衡apparent specific gravity 表观比重apparent viscosity 表观粘度applied chemistry 应用化学applied thermodynamics 应用热力学approximate calculation 近似计算approximate value 近似值aprotic solvent 非质子溶剂aqua ion 水合离子aqua regia 王水aquagel 水凝胶aquametry 测水法aqueous emulsion 水乳状液aqueous medium 水介质aqueous phase 水相aqueous solution 水溶液aqueous vapor 水蒸汽arabic acid 阿糖酸arabic gum 阿拉伯胶arabinose 阿拉伯糖arc process 电弧法arc spectrum 弧光谱arch brick 拱砖argillaceous sand 粘质砂土argillite 泥质板岩arginase 精氨酸酶arginine 精氨酸argol 粗酒石argon 氩aroma 香味aromatic acid 芳族酸aromatic aldehyde 芳族醛aromatic amine 芳香胺aromatic compound 芳族化合物aromatic hydrocarbon 芳香烃aromatic nucleus 芳香环aromatic series 芳香系aromaticity 芳香度aromatization 芳香化aromatization reaction 芳香化反应aroylation 芳酰基化arrhenius equation 阿雷尼厄斯方程arsanilic acid 阿散酸arsenate 砷酸盐arsenazo i 偶氮胂arsenblende 雄黄arsenic 砷arashless filter paper 无灰滤纸asparaginase 天门冬酰胺酶asparagine 天门冬酰胺aspirin 阿司匹林assay 试金assay balance 试金天平assay flask 试验瓶assayer's tongs 试金钳assili cotton 阿嘻棉assimilation 同化assimilation starch 同化淀粉assistant 助剂associated liquid 缔合液体association 缔合assortment 分类astacin 虾红素astatine 砹atom 原子atomic absorption spectrometry 原子吸收分光光度法atomic arrangement 原子排列atomic mass 原子质量atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic molecular theory 原子分子论atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序atomic orbital 原子轨道atomic polarization 原子极化atomic properties 原子特性atomic radius 原子半径atomic refraction 原子折射atomic scattering factor 原子散射因子atomic spectrum 原子光谱atomic structure 原子结构atomic susceptibility 原子磁化率atomic symbol 原子符号atomic theory 原子论atomic unit 原子单位atomic volume 原子体积atomic weight 原子量atomicity 原子数atomism 原子论auric compound 正金化合物auric oxide 氧化金auric salt 正金盐aurin 金精aurin tricarboxylic acid 铝试剂auripigment 雄黄aurothioglucose 金硫葡萄糖aurous chloride 氯化亚金aurous compound 亚金化合物aurous oxide 氧化亚金aurous salt 亚金盐austenite 奥氏体auto condensation 自动缩合autocatalysis 自动催化autocatalyst 自动催化剂autocatalytic reaction 自动催化反应autoclave 压热器autocomplex 自动合成物autocorrelation function 自相关函数autoracemization 自动外消旋autotetraploid 同源四倍体autotransformer 单卷变压器autovulcanization 自动硫化autoxidation 自氧化autunite 钙铀云母auxiliary air 辅助空气auxiliary electrode 辅助电极auxiliary unit 辅助单位auxiliary valency 副价auximone 茁长激素auxin 茁长素auxochrome 助色团availability 有效性available chlorine 有效氯available energy 有效能available phosphoric acid 有效磷酸avenin 燕麦蛋白average boiling point 平均沸点average degree of polymerization 平均聚合度average error 平均误差average life 平均寿命average mean molecular weight 平均分子量average molecular weight 平均分子量average particle diameter 平均粒子直径average sample 平均试样average speed 平均速度average value 平均值aviation gasoline 航空汽油aviation mix 航空汽油抗爆液avidin 抗生物素蛋白avocado oil 鳄梨油avogadro number 阿伏伽德罗数avogadro's hypothesis 阿伏伽德罗假说avogadro's law 阿伏伽德罗定律axial bond 贮axial flow pump 轴撩axiomatic quantum field theory 公理的量子场理论axis 轴axis of rotation 旋转轴azaserine 重氮丝氨酸azelaic acid 杜鹃花酸azeotrope 共沸混合物azeotropic copolymer 共沸共聚物azeotropic distillation 共沸蒸馏azeotropic mixture 共沸混合物azeotropic point 共沸点azeotropy 共沸性azide 叠氮化物azimuthal 方位的azimuthal quantum number 角量子数azine 吖嗪azine dye 吖嗪染料aziridine 氮杂环丙烷azlactone 吖内酯azlon 人造蛋白质纤维azo compound 偶氮化合物azo coupling 偶氮耦合azo dye 偶氮染料azo group 偶氮基azobenzene 偶氮苯azodicarbonamide 偶氮甲酰胺azoimide 叠氮化氢azole 唑azolitmin 石蕊精azotometer 氮素计azoxy compound 氧化偶氮化合物azoxybenzene 氧化偶氮苯azulene 甘菊环烃azurite 蓝铜矿b stage resin b 阶尸baby dryer 小烧缸bacillus 杆菌bacitracin 杆菌肽back bond 反向键back flow condenser 回龄凝器back mixing 逆向混合back pressure 反压back reaction 逆反应back sweetening 返回脱硫法back titration 回滴定backfire 回火backflash 反闪backscattering 后方散射backward motion 反向运动backwash 回洗bacteria 细菌bacterial fertilizer 细菌肥料bacterial incubator 细菌培育箱bactericide 杀细菌剂bacteriochlorophyll 菌叶绿素bacteriolysis 溶菌酌bacteriostasis 抑菌酌baddeleyite 斜锆石baeyer reaction 拜尔反应baeyer reagent 拜尔试药baeyer villiger rearrangement 拜尔维利格重排baffle 挡板bag filter 袋滤器bagasse 甘蔗渣bakelite 酚醛塑料baking 烧制baking enamel 烘烤搪瓷baking powder 发粉baking varnish 烤漆balance 平衡balance bar 平衡杆balance beam 平衡杆balance pan 天平盘balance rider 游码balata 巴拉塔矢ball clay 块状粘土ball hardness 钢球硬度ball mill 球磨机ball valve 球阀ball viscosimeter 落球式粘度计balloon tire 低压轮胎balsam 香脂banana oil 香蕉油band brake 带式制动器band dryer 带式干燥机band spectrum 带光谱barbital 巴比妥barbituric acid 巴比土酸barilla 海草灰苏打barite 重晶石barium 钡barium acetate 醋酸钡barium bioxide 二氧化钡barium carbonate 碳酸钡barium chlorate 氯酸钡barium chloride 氯化钡barium chromate 铬酸钡barium crown glass 钡钙玻璃barium cyanate 氰酸钡barium dioxide 二氧化钡barium flint glass 钡火石玻璃barium fluoride 氟化钡barium hydroxide 氢氧化钡barium manganate 锰酸钡barium nitrate 硝酸钡barium nitrite 亚硝酸钡barium oxide 氧化钡barium perchlorate 高氯酸钡barium peroxide 过氧化钡barium sulfate 硫酸钡barium sulfide 硫化钡barium thiosulfate 硫代硫酸钡barium titanate 钛酸钡barium yellow 钡黄barkometer 液比重计barley malt 大麦芽barley sugar 大麦糖barm 酒母barometer 气压计barometric condenser 气压冷凝器barrel 桶;卷筒barrier penetration 势垒穿透barrier separation 膜分离baryta 氧化钡baryta paper 钡地纸baryta water 氢氧化钡水溶液baryta yellow 钡黄baryte 重晶石basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率basal metabolism 基础代谢basalt 玄武岩base 碱base catalysis 碱催化酌base exchange 碱交换base line 基线base metal 贱金属base solution 底液basic acetate 碱式乙酸盐basic bismuth carbomate 碱式碳酸铋basic bismuth nitrate 碱式硝酸铋basic converter 碱性转炉basic dye 碱性染料basic function 基础函数basic lead carbonate 碱式碳酸铅basic material 基本材料basic open hearth process 碱性平炉法basic oxide 碱性氧化物basic reaction 碱性反应basic refractory 碱性耐火材料basic salt 碱性盐basic slag 碱性炉渣basicity 碱度basil 罗勒basket strainer 篮过滤器bast fiber 韧皮纤维batch distillation 分批蒸馏batch extraction 分批萃取batch mixer 分批混合器batch process 分批法batch rectification 分批精馏batchwise operation 分批操作bath ratio 液比bath solution 电解液bath voltage 浴电压bathochrome 深色基团bathochromic effect 增色效应bathochromic shift 红移bating 软化battery 蓄电池battery acid 蓄电池用酸battery plate 蓄电池极板baudish's reagent 铜铁灵baume degree 波美度baume hydrometer 波美比重计bauxite 铝土矿bauxite brick 铝矾土砖bauxite treating 铝土处理bayer's method 拜尔法bayer's process 拜尔法bead polymerization 粒状聚合bead reaction 熔珠反应bead tube 熔珠管beadlet 珍珠beaker 杯bean oil 豆油bearing metal 轴承合金beater 打浆机bebeerine 比比林beckmann rearrangement 贝克曼转位beckmann thermometer 贝克曼温度计becquerel rays 贝壳勒尔射线beer wort 麦芽汁beer yeast 啤酒酵母beer's law 贝尔定律beeswax 蜂蜡beet sugar 甜菜糖behenic acid 辣木子油酸behenyl alcohol 二十二醇beilstein's method 贝尔斯登方法belite b 盐bell metal 钟铜bellmetal ore 黄锡矿belt conveyor 带式运输机bemegride 贝美格bending strength 弯曲强度benedict reagent 本尼迪特试剂bengal isinglass 琼脂benne oil 芝麻油bentonite 膨润土benzal 亚苄benzal chloride 苄叉二氯benzalaniline 苄叉苯胺benzaldehyde 苯醛benzamide 苯酰胺benzanilide 苯酰替苯胺benzanthracene 苯并蒽benzanthrone 苯并蒽酮benzene 苯benzene complex 苯络合物benzene diazonium chloride 氯化重氮苯benzene hexachloride 六六六benzene nucleus 苯核benzene ring 苯环benzene series 苯系benzene sulfinic acid 苯亚磺酸benzene sulfonic acid 苯磺酸benzhydrol 二苯基甲醇benzidine 联苯胺benzidine rearrangement 联苯胺重排benzidine sulfate 硫酸联苯胺benzidine yellow 联苯胺黄benzil 苯偶酰benzilic acid 二苯乙醇酸benzine 轻质汽油benzoate 苯甲酸盐benzoazurine 苯并天青精benzoic acid 苯酸benzoic anhydride 苯酸酐benzoin 苯偶姻benzoin condensation 苯偶姻缩合benzoin gum 安息香胶benzoinoxime 苯偶姻肟benzol 苯benzole 苯benzonaphthol 苯酰萘酚benzonitrile 苄腈benzophenone 二苯甲酮benzopurpurin 苯紫红素benzoquinone 苯醌benzotrichloride 苄川三氯benzotrifluoride 三氟甲苯benzoyl chloride 苯酰氯benzoyl peroxide 过氧化苯甲酰benzoylaminoacetic acid 马尿酸benzoylation 苯酰化酌benzoylglycine 苯甲酰基甘氨酸benzyl acetate 醋酸苄酯benzyl alcohol 苄醇benzyl benzoate 苯酸苄酯benzyl bromide 苄基溴benzyl cellulose 苄基纤维素benzyl chloride 苄基氯benzyl cinnamate 肉桂酸苄酯benzyl formate 甲酸苄酯benzyl mercaptane 苄硫醇benzyl salicylate 水杨酸苄酯benzyl thiocyanate 硫氰酸苄酯benzylamine 苄胺benzylaniline 苄基苯胺benzylation 苄化benzylcarbinol 苯基乙醇benzylidene acetone 亚苄基丙酮benzylidene chloride 苄叉二氯benzylpenicillin 苄青霉素benzyne 苯炔berbamine 小蘖胺berberine 小蘖碱berberine sulfate 硫酸小蘖碱bergamot oil 佛手柑油berger agent 贝格尔试药berger mixture 贝格尔混合物bergius' process 伯吉乌斯过程bergmann rearrangement 伯格曼换位berkelium 锫berlin blue 普鲁士蓝bernoulli's theorem 伯努利定理berthelot's principle 贝特洛原理berthollet salt 贝托莱盐beryl 绿柱石beryllate 铍酸盐beryllia 氧化铍beryllium 铍beryllium acetate 醋酸铍beryllium bronze 铍青铜beryllium carbonate 碳酸铍beryllium chloride 氯化铍beryllium fluoride 氟化铍beryllium hydroxide 氢氧化铍beryllium metaphosphate 偏磷酸铍beryllium nitrate 硝酸铍beryllium nitride 氮化铍beryllium oxide 氧化铍bessel's differential equation 贝塞耳微分方程bessemer converter 贝赛麦转炉beta brass 黄铜beta decay 衰变beta endorphin 内啡肽beta rays 射线betaine 甜菜碱betatron 电子回旋加速器biamperometry 双安培滴定biaxial crystal 双轴晶体bible paper 印度纸bibliometer 吸水性能测定仪bibulous paper 吸墨纸bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐bichromate 重铬酸盐bichromate cell 重铬酸盐电池bichromate titration 重铬酸盐滴定bichromated gelatine 铬煤bicolorimeter 双色比色计bicomponent fiber 双组分纤维bicyclic compound 二环化合物bicyclic terpene 双环萜烯bidalotite 直闪石biformity 二形bile acid 胆汁酸biliprotein 胆蛋白质bilirubin 胆红素biliverdin 胆绿素bimetal 双金属bimetallic instrument 双金属仪器bimetallic temperature regulator 双金属温度第器bimetallic thermometer 双金属温度计bimolecular reaction 双分子反应binary acid 二元酸binary alloy 二元合金binary compound 二元化合物binary electrolyte 二元电解质binary mixture 二元混合物binary separation 二元分离binary solution 二元溶液binary system 二元体系binder 粘合剂binding energy 键能binding material 粘合剂binding protein 结合蛋白质bingham flow 宾汉怜binocular microscope 双目显微镜binomial distribution 二项式分布binomial theorem 二项定理binuclear complex 双核络合物binuclear metallic complex salt 双核金属络合物盐bioassay 生物测定biocatalysis 生物催化biocatalyst 生物触媒biocatalyzer 生物催化剂biochemical analysis 生物化学分析biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量biochemical reaction 生物化学反应biochemical reactor 生化反应器biochemistry 生物化学biocide 杀虫剂biocleaner 生物洗涤剂biocollochemistry 生物胶体化学biocolloid 生物胶体biocomputer 生物计算机biocytin 生物胞素biocytinase 生物胞素酶bioenergetics 生物能学biogen 酵母促生物原biogeochemistry 生物地球化学biological assay 生物测定biological ceramics 生物陶瓷biological chemistry 生物化学biological half life 生物半衰期。
无机化学英语
2) Polyatomic Cations(多原子阳离 子):原子团名称 + ion
例:NH4+:ammonium ion
2. Names of Anions(阴离子的命名)
1) Monatomic anions(单原子阴离子): 元素名称的词干 + -ide + ion
例:F-:fluoride ion(F:fluorine); Cl-:chloride ion(Cl:chlorine); Br-:bromide ion(Br:bromine); I-:iodide ion(I:iodine)
Cl-
NH4+ ClOSO32CO32-
CrO42C2O42-
chloride
S2-
ammonium hypochlorite sulfite carbonate
H3O+ ClO2SO42PO43-
chromate oxalate
Cr2O72CN-
Monatomic anions
sulfide
P3-
* 氰根(CN-)和氢氧根(OH-)视同单原 子阴离子。
CN-:cyanide ion;OH-:hydroxide ion
2) Oxyanions (Oxoanions) ( 含氧阴离子,又称酸根离子):
非氧元素名称的词干 + -ate + ion
( 译为“* 酸根离子” )
例:CO32-:carbonate ion(C:carbon);SO42-:sulfate ion(S:sulfur); SO32-:sulfite ion;NO3-:nitrate ion ( N : nitrogen ) ; NO2- : nitrite ion ; ClO- : hypochlorite ion;ClO2-:chlorite ion;ClO3-:chlorate ion ; ClO4- : perchlorate ion ; PO3- ( 偏 磷 酸 根 ) : metaphosphate ion
(完整版)化学专业词汇
普通化学术语中英文对照表原子 atom adj.atomic原子核 nucleus质子 proton中子 neutron电子 electron(abbr. e)离子 ion [ˈaɪən]阳离子 cation阴离子 anion分子 molecular [məˈlekjələ]单质 element化合物 compound纯净物 pure substance/chemical substance 混合物 mixture相对原子质量 relative atomic mass(abbr. Ar) 相对分子质量relative molecular mass(abbr. Mr)化学式量 relative formula mass物质的量 amount of substance阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro constant(abbr. NA)摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass实验式/最简式/经验式 empirical formula气体摩尔体积 molar volume阿伏加德罗定律 Avogadro’s Law溶液 solution溶解 dissolve浓度 concentration质量/体积分数 mass/volume concentration 浓缩 concentrate稀释 dilute蒸馏 distillation萃取 extraction化学反应方程式 chemical equation反应物 reactant生成物 product固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gaseous溶液 aqueous配平 balance化学计量学 stoichiometry 酸 acid碱 base/alkali (refers to soluble bases)盐 salt酸式盐 acid salt离子方程式 ionic equation结晶水 water of crystallisation水合的 hydrated无水的 anhydrous滴定 titration指示剂 indicator氧化数 oxidation number氧化还原反应 redox reaction氧化反应 oxidation reaction还原反应 reduction reaction歧化反应 disproportionation reaction归中反应comproportionation(symproportionation) reaction氧化剂 oxidising agent还原剂 reducing agent电子层(壳) (electron) shell电离能 ionisation energy(abbr. I.E.)第一,第二,第三等电离能first,second,third,etc. ionisation energy(abbr. 1st,2nd,3rd,etc. I.E.)电子亲和能electron affinity energy(abbr. A.E.)屏蔽效应 electronic shielding(screening)原子轨道 atomic orbital电子云 electron cloud电子亚层 sub-shell能层 layer能级 energy level电子排布 electron configuration电子云重叠 shell overlap洪特规则 Hund’s rule泡利原理 Pauli exclusion principle基态 ground state激发态 excited state跃迁 transition手性 chirality [kaiˈ-]化学键 chemical bond键长 bond length键级 bond order键角 bond angle键能 bond enthalpies离子键 ionic bond供体 donor受体 acceptor静电吸引 electrostatic attraction巨型离子结构 giant ionic structure共价键 covalent[kəʊ'veɪlənt] bond巨型共价结构 giant covalent structure共用电子对 shared pair/bonding pair孤对电子 lone pair/non-bonding pairσ键σ-bondπ键π-bondδ键δ-bond非极性共价键 non-polar bond配位键dipolar bond/dative covalent bond/coordinat e bond电负性 electronegativity极性 polarity偶极子 dipole分子间作用力 intermolecular forces氢键 hydrogen bond范德华力 van der Waal’s force色散力 dispersion force诱导力 induction force取向力orientation force/dipole-dipole force金属键 metallic bond离域 delocalisation [di:,ləukəlai'zeiʃn]延展性 malleability [,mælɪə'bɪləti]可锻性 ductility [dʌk'tɪlətɪ]导电性 electrical conductivity合金 alloy元素周期表 the Periodic Table周期 period族 group原子序数 proton number同位素isotope[ˈaɪsətəʊp]核素 nuclide ['njuːklaɪd]同量异位素 isobar['aɪsə(ʊ)bɑː]金属 metal非金属 nonmetal 碱金属 alkali metal碱土金属 alkaline earth metal卤素 halogen稀有气体 noble gas元素周期律 periodic trends活泼 active稳定 noble分解反应 decomposition reaction化合反应 combination(synthesis) reaction 取代反应 displacement reaction复分解反应salt metathesis[məˈtæθəsis] reaction/double replacement(displacement) reaction沉淀 precipitation [prɪ,sɪpɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]官能团 functional group碳氢化合物/烃 hydrocarbon饱和烃 saturated hydrocarbon不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon脂肪烃 aliphatic[,ælɪ'fætɪk] hydrocarbon脂环烃 alicyclic ['saɪklɪk; ]hrdrocarbon同系物 homologous[hɒ'mɒləgəs]series异构现象 isomerism ['aisəmərizəm]同分异构体 isomeride [ai'sɔməraid]同素异形体 allotropy/allotropism分子式 molecular formula通式 general formula结构式 displayed formula结构简式 structural formula键线式 skeletal formula均裂 homolytic fission异裂 heterolytic fission亲核试剂 nucleophile ['njukliəfail]亲电子试剂 electrophile加成反应 addition reaction加水加成 hydration reaction加成聚合反应 addition polymerisation聚合物 polymer单体 monomer链节 repeat unit缩合聚合反应 condensation reaction缩聚物 condensation polymer取代反应 substitution reaction脱水 dehydration水解 hydrolysis卤代反应 halogenation reaction酯化反应 esterification reaction亲核取代 nucleophilic substitution消去反应 elimination reaction裂化反应 cracking (reaction)石油分馏 fractional distillation燃烧 combustion发酵 fermentation氟氯烃 chlorofluorocarbons产率 percentage yield原子利用率 atom economy红外光谱学 infrared spectroscopy质谱分析 mass spectroscopy光谱 spectrum挥发性 volatility冷凝回流 reflux反应机理 reaction mechanism能量守恒定律 law of conservation of energy 热力学 thermodynamic [θə:məudaiˈ-]焓 enthalpy(abbr. H) [en'θælpi]焓变 enthalpy change(abbr. ΔH)标准焓 standard enthalpy change(abbr. ΔHӨ)标准反应焓standard enthalpy change(abbr. ΔHrӨ)燃烧热 heat of combustion标准燃烧焓standard enthalpy change of combustion(abbr . ΔHcӨ)标准生成焓standard enthalpy change of formation(abbr. ΔHfӨ)放热反应 exothermic[eksəuˈ-] reaction 吸热反应 endothermic reaction热化学方程式thermochemical[θə:məuˈ-] equation活化能 activation energy(abbe. Ea)比热容 specific heat capacity键焓 bond enthalpy平均键焓 average bond enthalpy盖斯定律 Hess’ law有效碰撞理论 collision theory反应速率 rate of reaction/reaction rate反应动力学 reaction kinetics催化剂 catalyst 催化作用 catalysis 酶 enzyme['enzaim]波尔兹曼分布律 the Boltzmann distribution 化学平衡 (chemical) equilibrium[i:kwiˈ-]可逆反应 reversible reaction动态平衡 dynamic equilibrium平衡常数 chemical equilibrium constant浓度幂 concentration power平衡移动 shift of equilibrium state吉布斯自由能 Gibbs free energy(abbr. ΔG) 阿累尼乌斯方程the Arrhenius[əˈri:niəs] Equation自发反应 spontaneous[spɔnˈteiniəs] reaction 熵 entropy(abbr. ΔS)温室效应 greenhouse effect吸附作用 adsorption绿色化学 green chemistry溶解度 solubility离子反应 ionic reaction电离 ionisation电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionisation equilibrium电离常数 ionisation constant离子积 ion-product constant氢离子浓度指数hydrogen ion concentration(abbr. pH from Fr ench potentiel d'hydrogène)溶解平衡dissolution equilibrium [dɪsə'luːʃ(ə)n] ekwɪ溶度积 solubility product原电池 galvanic(voltaic) cell [gæl'vænɪk]盐桥 salt bridge电极 electrode正极/阳极 anode负极/阴极 cathode标准电极电势standard electrode potential(abbr. E0)干电池 dry cell一次电池 primary cell(battery)二次电池/蓄电池secondary cell/storage battery充电 charge放电 discharge燃料电池 fuel cell电解 electrolysis电解池/电解槽 electrolytic cell电镀 galvanisation [,ɡælvənai'zeiʃən]电偶腐蚀/电化腐蚀 galvanic corrosion 分子空间构型 molecular geometries杂化 hybrid轨道 orbital晶格 lattice晶体 crystal晶胞 crystal structure堆积作用 sedimentation [,sedɪmən'teɪʃən] 常见元素氢 hydrogen(abbr. H) ['haidrədʒən]氦 helium(abbr. He) ['hi:liəm]锂 lithium(abbr. Li) ['liθiəm]硼 boron(abbr. B) ['bɔ:rɔn]碳 carbon(abbr. C) ['kɑ:bən]氮 nitrogen(abbr. N) ['naitrədʒən]氧 oxygen(abbr. O) ['ɔksidʒən]氟 fluorine(abbr. F) ['fluəri:n]氖 neon(abbr. Ne) ['ni:ɔn]钠 sodium(abbr. Na) ['səudiəm]镁 magnesium(abbr. Mg)铝 aluminum(abbr. Al) [,æləˈminiəm]硅 silicon(abbr. Si) ['silikən]磷 phosphorus(abbr. P) ['fɔsfərəs]硫 sulfur(abbr. S) ['sʌlfə]氯 chlorine(abbr. Cl) ['klɔ:ri:n]氩 argon(abbr. Ar) ['ɑ:ɡɔn]钾 potassium(abbr. K) [pəˈtæsiəm]钙 calcium(abbr. Ca) [ˈkælsiəm]钛 titanium(abbr. Ti) [tai'teiniəm]铬 chromium(abbr. Cr) ['krəumjəm]锰 manganese(abbr. Mn) [ˈmæŋɡəni:z]铁 iron(abbr. Fe) ['aɪən]钴 cobalt(abbr. Co) [kəu'bɔ:lt]镍 nickel(abbr. Ni) ['nikəl]铜 copper(abbr. Cu) ['kɔpə]锌 zinc(abbr. Zn) [ziŋk]砷 arsenic(abbr. As) ['ɑ:sənik]溴 bromine(abbr. Br) ['brəumi:n]银 silver(abbr. Ag) ['silvə]锡 tin(abbr. Sn) [tin]碘 iodine(abbr. I) 氙 xenon(abbr.Xe) ['zenɔn]钡 barium(abbr. Ba) ['beəriəm]钨 tungsten(abbr. W) [tʌŋstən]铂 platinum(abbr. Pt) ['plætinəm]金 gold(abbr. Au) [ɡəuld]汞 mercury(abbr. Hg) ['mə:kjuri]铅 lead(abbr. Pb) [led]常见单质氢气、氮气、氧气、氟气、氯气、液溴、固态碘的名称同元素名称金刚石 diamond ['daiəmənd]石墨 graphite ['græfait]臭氧 ozone ['əuzəun]红磷 red phosphorus白磷 white phosphorus常见根离子(common radicals)氢化的 hydride ['haidraid]硼酸 boric (acid) adj.borate ['bɔːreɪt]碳化的 carbide ['ka:baid]碳酸 carbonic [kɑː'bɒnɪk] (acid) adj. carbonate碳酸氢根 bicarbonate/hydrogen carbonate 氮化的 nitride ['naitraid]叠氮化的 azide ['æzaid]硝酸 nitric (acid) adj.nitrate亚硝酸 nitrous ['naɪtrəs] (acid) adj.nitrite氧化的 oxide ['ɔksaid]二氧化的 dioxide [dai-']三氧化的 trioxide [traɪ'ɒksaɪd]过氧根 peroxy (radical) adj.peroxide [pə'ɔksaid]超氧化的 superoxide [sjupə'ɔksaid]氢氧根 hydroxyl[hai'drɔksil] (radical) adj. hydroxide水合氢离子 hydronium氟化的 fluoride偏铝酸meta-aluminic[metə'æljuminik] (acid) adj. meta-aluminate [ə'ljuːmɪneɪt]四羟基合铝酸hydroxyl-aluminic[hai'drɔksil-'] (acid)硅酸 silicic['silisik] (acid) adj.silicate磷酸 phosphoric (acid) adj.phosphate磷酸二氢根 dihydrogen phosphate磷酸氢根 hydrogen phosphate硫化的 sulfide硫氢根bisulphide/sulphanide/hydrogen sulphide硫酸 sulphuric (acid) adj.sulphate硫酸氢根 bisulphate/hydrogen sulphate亚硫酸 sulphurous (acid) adj.sulphite亚硫酸氢根 bisulphite/hydrogen sulphite硫代硫酸根 thiosulphate [θaiəu-']焦硫酸根 persulphate [pə:-']氯化的 chloride ['klɔraid]氢氯酸/盐酸 hydrochloric (acid)高氯酸 perchloric (acid) adj.perchlorate氯酸 chloric (acid) adj.chlorate亚氯酸 chlorous (acid) adj.chlorite次氯酸 hypochlorous (acid) adj.hypochlorite 溴化的 bromide氢溴酸、高溴酸、溴酸、亚溴酸、次溴酸名称参见氯碘化的 iodide ['aiədaid]氢碘酸、高碘酸、碘酸、亚碘酸、次碘酸名称参见氯卤化的 halide铵根 ammonium [əˈməuniəm]高锰酸根 permanganate锰酸根 manganate 氰根 cyanide ['sainaid] 硫氰根 thiocyanate [θaiəuˈsaiəneit]铬酸根 chromate重铬酸根 dichromate常见无机化合物(common inorganic compounds)氢化钠sodium hydride氨 ammonia/azane[ə-ˈ]硅烷 silane [ˈsi-]磷化氢 phosphine硫化氢 hydrogen sulphide氮化镁 magnesium nitride四氧化三铁 iron(II,III) oxide二氟化氧 oxygen difluoride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化亚铁 iron(II) chloride/ferrous chloride 氯化铁 iron(III) chloride/ferric chloride 氯化亚锡 tin(II) chloride/stannous chloride 四羟基合铝酸钠 sodium aluminate磷酸二氢钠 monosodium phosphate磷酸氢二钠 disodium phosphate氯化铵 ammonium chloride硫氢化钠/硫氢酸钠 sodium hydrosulphide 系统命名法(chemical nomenclature)一 mono-二 di-三 tri-四 tetra-五 penta-六 hexa-七 hepta-八 octa-九 nona-十 deca-烷烃 alkane (preffix alkyl-,suffix -ane)甲 meth-乙 eth-丙 prop-丁 but-戊 pent-己 hex-庚 hept-辛 oct-壬 non-癸 dec-十一 undec-十二 dodec-十三 tridec-十四 tetradec-十五 pentadec-十六 hexadec-十七 heptadec-十八 octadec-十九 nonadec-二十 eicos-三十 triacont-四十 tetracont-五十 prntacont-正构型 normal-(n-)异构型 iso-(i-)新构型 neo-(n-)聚 poly-烷基 alkyl甲基 methyl(abbr. Me)乙基 ethyl(abbr. Et)丙基 propyl(abbr. Pr)环烷烃cycloalkane (preffix -cyclo, suffix -ane)烯烃 alkene (preffix alkenyl-,suffix -ene)二烯烃 allene (suffix -adiene)环烯烃cycloalkene (preffix cyclo-, suffix -ene)炔烃 alkyne (preffix alkynyl-,suffix -yne)顺式异构 preffix cis-(Z-)反式异构 preffix trans-(E-)苯基 phenyl(abbr. Ph)(preffix phenyl-,suffix -benzene)苄基 benzyl(abbr. Bn)(preffix benzyl-,suffix -toluene)醇 alcohol (preffix hydroxy-,suffix -ol)带卤素的化合物 halogens(preffix fluoro-,chloro-,bromo-,etc.)酮 ketone (preffix oxo-,suffix -one)醛 aldehyde (preffix oxo-,suffix -al or not included in carbon chain preffix formyl-,suffix -carbaldehyde)羧酸 carboxylic[ka:bɔk'silik] (acid) adj. carboxylate (suffix -oic acid)羧基 carboxyl (preffix carboxyl-,suffix-oic acid or multiple groupssuffix -di,tri,tetracarbonyl acid)乙酸根 carboxyl radical(abbr. Ac)醚 ether (suffix -ane and -oxy)脂 ester (preffix R-oxycarbonyl-,suffix -oic acid/-oate)胺和酰胺amine(preffix amino-,suffix -amine or accordi ng to position of N atom with pre/suffix -N-) and amide(preffix carbamoyl- and amido-,suff ix –amide and -carboxamide or according to p osition of N atom with pre/suffix -N-)氨基 amino酰胺基 amido 磺酸sulphonic (acid) adj.sulphonate (preffix sulpho -,suffix -sulphonic acid)腈 nitrile (preffix cyano-,suffix -nitrile)酚 phenol/carbolic acid常见有机化合物(common organic compounds)酚酞 phenolphthalein(abbr. Hln/phph)[finɔlf'θeili:n]石蕊 litmus溴酚蓝 bromopheno blue百里酚蓝 thymol blue甲基橙 methyl orange龙胆紫 gentian violet氯仿 chloroform异戊二烯 isoprene月桂烯 myrcene [mair'si:n]聚乙烯 polythene聚氯乙烯 poly(chloroethene)(abbr. PVC)聚丙烯 polypropylene聚四氟乙烯/特氟龙poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF)晴纶 orlon二甲醚 methoxymethane苯酚 phenol乙酸乙酯 methyl propanoate甲酸/蚁酸 methanoic acid/formic acid乙酸/醋酸 ethanoic acid/acetic acid乙二酸/草酸 oxalic acid adj.oxalate丙酸/初油酸 propanoic acid/propionic acid 丁酸/酪酸 butanoic acid/butyric acid软脂酸/棕榈酸 hexadecanoic acid/palmitic acid硬脂酸 octadecanoic acid/stearic acid硬脂酸钠 sodium stearate柠檬酸 citric acid柠檬酸钠 sodium citrate乳酸 lactic acid乳酸钠 sodium lactate葡萄糖酸 gluconic acid adj.gluconate氨基酸 amino acid葡萄糖 glucose果糖 fructose半乳糖 galactose核糖 ribose脱氧核糖 desoxyribose核糖核酸 rebonucleic acid(abbr. RNA)脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid(abbr. DNA)麦芽糖 maltose蔗糖 sucrose磺酸 sulphonic (acid) adj.sulphonate (preffix sulpho-,suffix -sulphonic a cid)腈 nitrile (preffix cyano-,suffix -nitrile) 酚 phe nol/carbolic acid常见有机化合物(common organic compounds) 酚酞 phenolphthalein(abbr. Hln/phph) [finɔlf'θei li:n]石蕊 litmus溴酚蓝 bromopheno blue百里酚蓝 thymol blue甲基橙 methyl orange龙胆紫 gentian violet氯仿 chloroform异戊二烯 isoprene月桂烯 myrcene [mair'si:n]聚乙烯 polythene聚氯乙烯 poly(chloroethene)(abbr. PVC)聚丙烯 polypropylene聚四氟乙烯/特氟龙poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF)晴纶 orlon二甲醚 methoxymethane苯酚 phenol乙酸乙酯 methyl propanoate甲酸/蚁酸 methanoic acid/formic acid乙酸/醋酸 ethanoic acid/acetic acid乙二酸/草酸 oxalic acid adj.oxalate丙酸/初油酸 propanoic acid/propionic acid 丁酸/酪酸 butanoic acid/butyric acid软脂酸/棕榈酸hexadecanoic acid/palmitic acid硬脂酸 octadecanoic acid/stearic acid硬脂酸钠 sodium stearate 柠檬酸 citric acid柠檬酸钠 sodium citrate乳酸 lactic acid乳酸钠 sodium lactate葡萄糖酸 gluconic acid adj.gluconate氨基酸 amino acid 葡萄糖 glucose果糖 fructose 半乳糖 galactose核糖 ribose脱氧核糖 desoxyribose核糖核酸 rebonucleic acid(abbr. RNA)脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid(abbr. DNA)麦芽糖 maltose蔗糖 sucrose曲颈瓶 retort [ri'-]表面皿 watch glass石棉网 asbestos[æs'bestəs] gauze玻璃棒 glass rod/stirring rod/stir rod铁架台 iron stand滴定管 burette/buret泥三角 pipeclay triangle启普发生器 Kipp's apparatus/Kipp generator 酒精喷灯 alcohol blast burner坩埚钳 tong坩埚 pot索氏提取器 Soxhlet extractor冷凝管 cold finger称量瓶 weighing bottle。
(完整版)无机化学英语词汇
专业英语词汇-----无机化学acid 酸base 碱salt 盐acid (or base) dissociation constant 酸(或碱)解离常数atomic number 原子序数atomic orbital s 原子轨道atom 原子molecule 分子ion 离子cation 阳离子anion 阴离子charge 电荷bond 键bonding 成键double bond 双(重)键single bond 单键covalent bond 共价键hydrogen bond 氢键hydrogen bonding 氢键的形成hybridization 杂化coordination compounds or complexes 配位化合物(配合物)ligand 配体electronic configuration 电子组态electron affinity 电子亲和性electronegativity 电负性experiment 实验inorganic chemistry 无机化学inorganic compounds 无机化合物ionization energy 电离能lattice energy 晶格能interaction 相互作用oxoacid 含氧酸oxide 氧化物monoxide 一氧化物dioxide 二氧化物hydroxide 氢氧化物hydride 氢化物sulfide 硫化物alkali (强)碱alkali metals 碱金属halide 卤化物hydrogen halide 卤化氢metal halides 金属卤化物carbonate 碳酸盐sulfuric acid 硫酸sulfate 硫酸盐periodic table 周期表valence 价main group compounds 主族化合物p (or s, d, f)-block elements p(或s, d, f)区元素group 13 (or 14, 15,…) elements第13(或14,15,…)元素solid state 固态liquid state 液态gaseous state 气态free energy 自由能dissociation 解离reaction 反应reactivity 反应性aqueous solution 水溶液solubility 溶解性solute 溶质dissolution 溶解common-ion effect 同离子效应stability 稳定性thermodynamics 热力学oxidation 氧化oxidant 氧化剂reduction 还原reductant 还原剂redox 氧化还原反应potential (电)势cell 电池precipitate 沉淀(物)precipitation 沉淀hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧carbon 碳silicon 硅nitrogen 氮phosphorus 磷sulfur 硫fluorine 氟chlorine 氯bromine 溴iodine 碘sodium 钠potassium 钾calcium 钙magnesium 镁aluminum 铝iron 铁cobalt 钴nickel 镍copper 铜zinc 锌silver 银gold 金the first row transition metals 第一过渡系金属transition metals 过渡金属occurrence 存在oxidation state 氧化态ground state 基态excited state 激发态spin 自旋high (or low) spin 高(或低)自旋。
(完整版)化学专业英语
(完整版)化学专业英语一、基础词汇篇1. 原子与分子Atom(原子):物质的基本单位,由质子、中子和电子组成。
2. 化学反应Reactant(反应物):参与化学反应的物质。
Product(物):化学反应后的物质。
Catalyst(催化剂):能改变化学反应速率而本身不发生永久变化的物质。
3. 物质状态Solid(固体):具有一定形状和体积的物质。
Liquid(液体):具有一定体积,无固定形状的物质。
Gas(气体):无固定形状和体积的物质。
4. 酸碱盐Acid(酸):在水溶液中能电离出氢离子的物质。
Base(碱):在水溶液中能电离出氢氧根离子的物质。
Salt(盐):由酸的阴离子和碱的阳离子组成的化合物。
5. 溶液与浓度Solution(溶液):由溶剂和溶质组成的均匀混合物。
Solvent(溶剂):能溶解其他物质的物质。
Solute(溶质):被溶解的物质。
Concentration(浓度):溶液中溶质含量的度量。
二、专业术语篇1. 有机化学Organic Chemistry(有机化学):研究碳化合物及其衍生物的化学分支。
Functional Group(官能团):决定有机化合物化学性质的原子或原子团。
Polymer(聚合物):由许多重复单元组成的大分子化合物。
2. 无机化学Inorganic Chemistry(无机化学):研究不含碳的化合物及其性质的化学分支。
Crystal(晶体):具有规则排列的原子、离子或分子的固体。
OxidationReduction Reaction(氧化还原反应):涉及电子转移的化学反应。
3. 物理化学Physical Chemistry(物理化学):研究化学现象与物理现象之间关系的化学分支。
Chemical Bond(化学键):原子间相互作用力,使原子结合成分子。
Thermodynamics(热力学):研究能量转换和物质性质的科学。
4. 分析化学Analytical Chemistry(分析化学):研究物质的组成、结构和性质的科学。
化学专业考研英语词汇
化学专业英语一、无机化学1. periodic table 元素周期表element 元素metal 金属nonmetal 非金属transition metal 过渡金属group / family 族alkali metal 碱金属alkaline earth metal 碱土金属chalcogen 氮族元素halogen 卤素noble gas 稀有气体period 周期lanthanide 镧系元素actinide 锕系元素block 区s-block s区(H、He、碱金属、碱土金属)p-block p区(IIIA~VIIA族、稀有气体(He除外))d-block d区(过渡金属)f-block f区(镧系元素、锕系元素)2. electron configuration 电子排布,电子构型electron shell 电子层shell (电子)层subshell (电子)亚层atomic orbital 原子轨道structure 结构molecule 分子molecular 分子的atom 原子atomic nucleus 原子核electron 电子electron cloud 电子云ion 离子anion /ˈæn.aɪ.ən/ 阴离子cation /ˈkæt.aɪ.ən/ 阳离子3. quantum number 量子数principal quantum number 主量子数(n)1≤nazimuthal quantum number 角量子数(ℓ)0≤ℓ≤n-1magnetic quantum number 磁量子数(m)- ℓ≤m ≤ℓspin quantum number 自旋量子数(s或m s)±1/2Pauli exclusion principle(泡利不相容原理):Two electrons cannot occupy the same quantum state within a quantum system simultaneously.Hund’s principle / Hund’s rule(洪特规则):If two orbitals of equal energy are available, electrons will occupy them singly before filling them in pairs.4. chemical bond 化学键ionic bond 离子键ionization energy 电离能electron affinity 电子亲和能ionic polarization 离子极化dipole 偶极covalent bond 共价键metallic bond 金属键(=metallic bonding)intermolecular force 分子间作用力van der Waals force 范德华力5. Lewis structure 路易斯结构lone pairs 孤电子对,孤对电子valence electron 价电子single bond 单键multiple bond 多重键(double bond 双键,triple bond 三键)6. chemical reaction 化学反应四种基本反应类型(four basic types):combination reaction 化合反应 C + O2= C O2decomposition reaction 分解反应Cu(OH)2 = CuO + H2Odisplacement reaction (single displacement reaction) 置换反应Fe + CuSO4 = FeSO4 + Cumetathesis reaction (double displacement reaction) 复分解反应AgNO3 + NH4I = NH4NO3+ AgI↓precipitation 沉淀(作用)precipitate 沉淀物其它反应:reduction-oxidation reaction (=redox reaction) 氧化还原反应oxidation 氧化reduction 还原combustion 燃烧(=burning)stoichiometry /ˌstɔɪkiˈɒmɪtri/ 化学计量stoichiometric ration 化学计量比reactivity series of metals / activity series of metals 金属活动性顺序standard electrode potential 标准电极电势(符号Eθ)chemical stability 化学稳定性acid-base reaction 酸碱(中和)反应conjugated acid 共轭酸conjugated base 共轭碱Lewis acid 路易斯酸Lewis base 路易斯碱Brønsted acid Brønsted酸Brønsted base Brønsted碱7. solution 溶液solute 溶质solvent 溶剂concentration 浓度concentrated 浓的dilute 稀的molality 质量摩尔浓度(mol溶质/kg溶剂) mole fraction 摩尔分数mass fraction 质量分数mass concentration 质量浓度(kg/m3)osmotic pressure 渗透压molar concentration 摩尔浓度(mol/L)solubility 溶解度solubility product 溶度积(K sp)soluble 可溶的slightly soluble 微溶的insoluble 难溶的,不溶的solvation 溶剂化作用solvate 溶剂合物(如CaCl2·C2H5OH)hydration 水合作用hydrate 水合物(如CuSO4·5H2O)hemihydrate 半水合物monohydrate 一水合物dihydrate 二水合物(tri- 3, tetra- 4, penta- 5, hexa- 6, hepta- 7, octa- 8, nona- 9, deca- 10, undeca- 11, dodeca- 12)8. compound (=chemical compound) 化合物inorganic compound 无机化合物organic compound 有机化合物nomenclature /nəˈmenklətʃə(r)/ 命名法chemical formula 化学式empirical formula 实验式,简式structural formula 结构式molecular formula 分子式macromolecule 高分子polymer 聚合物coordination complex 配合物,络合物元素名以ium(或um)结尾的,去掉后缀,某化物加ide,如硫化钠sodium sulfide。
无机化学方面的专业英语
无机化学方面的专业英语Angular methyl group 角甲基 Alkylidene group 亚烷基 Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团 Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团小环 Smally ringCommon ring 普通环Medium ring 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系螺环化合物 Spiro compoundHelical molecule 螺旋型分子 Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系酰[基]正离子 Acyl cationBenzylic cation 苄[基]正离子 Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子 Ketyl radical 羰自由基 Radical ion 自由基离子 Radical cation 自由基正离子 Radical anion 自由基负离子 Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构 Stereochemistry 立体化学 Opticalactivity 光学活性 Dextro isomer 右旋异构体 Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子 Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳 Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳 Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型 Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子 Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式 Neoman projection 纽曼投影式 D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系 RCahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素 Plane of symmetry 对称面 Mirror symmetry 镜面对称[异构]体 Enantiomer 对映Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体 Epimer 差向异构体[差向]异构体 Anomer 端基Erythro configuration 赤型构型赤型异构体 Erythro isomerThreo configuration 苏型构型 Threo isomer 苏型异构体 Trigonal carbon 三角型碳 Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构 E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物 Racemic compound 外消旋化合物 Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物 Quasi recemate 准外消旋体 Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析 Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象 Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象 Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象 Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象 Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象 Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象 Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转 Chair conformation 椅型构象 Boat conformation 船型构象formation 扭型构象 Twist conSkew boat conformation 扭船型构象 Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象直[立]键 Axial bondEquatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象 Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持 Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性 Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性 Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向 Conformational transmission 构象传递 Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化 Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭resonance 无键共振 No-bondAromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流cruuent 抗磁环电流 Diamagnetic ringHomoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性hydrocarbon 交替烃 AlternantNon-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷周环反应 Pericyclic reaction Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排 Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应 Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应 Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键 Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构 Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构 Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构 Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂 Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数 Solvated electron 溶剂化电子 Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应 Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度动力学酸度 Kinetic acidityElectron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应effect 二级同位数效应 Secondary isotope Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应 Kinetic control 动力学控制热力学控制 Thermodynamic control Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体 Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性 Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说 Linear free energy 线性自由能 Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用 Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转 Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用 Transannular strain 跨环张力 I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应 Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代 Bimolecular nucleophilicsub-stitution 双分子亲核取代 Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment)双分子亲核取代(含烯丙型重排)Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代 Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代 Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代 Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代 Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰Bimolecular elimination 基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂 Bimolecular baseUnimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理 Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成 Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代 Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理 Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团 Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团 Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基group 间位定位基 Meta directingOrtho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数 Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应背面进攻 Backside attackInversion 反转伞效应 Umbrella effectPush-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化 Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与 Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应 Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代 Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化 02(3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化 O- alkylation O-烷基化 N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化 Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化 Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化 Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化tution 移位取代 Cine substiTransamination 氨基交换 Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化烯丙型卤化 Allylic halogenationDehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化 Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化 Desulfonation 脱磺酸基 Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化 Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化 Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移 Coupling reaction 偶联反应 Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联 Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1,4-加成 Conjugate addition 共轭加成 Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化 Hydroacylation 加氢酰化 Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化 Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基 Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成 Dienophile 亲双烯体内型加成 Endo additionExo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应 Retro DielsEne synthesis 单烯合成负离子环加成 Anionic cycloadditionDipolar addition 偶极加成 - elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢 Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除 Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺 Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解 Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解 Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应 Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换 Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合羟醛缩合 Aldol condensation Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合 Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化增环反应 Annulation,annelation Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化烯丙型氢过氧化 Allylic hydroperoxylationEpoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化 Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧 Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化 Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化 Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化 Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化 Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原 Single electron transfer 单电子转移 Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原 Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原 Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化 Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚 Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排 Double bond migration 双键移位 Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移环缩小[反应] Ring contractionRing expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排 Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排 Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排rearrangement 半频哪醇重排 SemipinacolBenzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排 Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排迁移倾向 Migratory aptitude Transannular insertion 跨环插入跨环重排 Transannular rearrangementMigration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排 Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排 Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排 Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排 Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排 Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排 2(4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物 Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸 Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯 Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷 Alcohol 醇高烯丙醇 Homoallylic alcoholEther 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚硝基化合物 Netro compoundAmine 胺Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物氧化胺 Amine oxideDiazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸 Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物 Ketone hydrate 酮水合物 Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal [化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇 Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物 aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲 Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚 Enol ester 烯醇酯 Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱 Carboxylic acid 羧酸 Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯酰卤 Acyl halideAcyl fluoride 酰氟 Acyl chloride 酰氯 Acyl rtomide 酰溴 Acyl iodide 酰碘苄氧甲酰氯 Carbobenzoxy chlorideAcyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯酰基过氧化物 Acyl peroxideNitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈 Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物 Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮 Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯 Acyl cyanide 酰腈 Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸 Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸 Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯 Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺 Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯 Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛 Macrolide 大环内酯 Amino acid 氨基酸 Zwitterions 两性离子 Inner salt 内盐 Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲 Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物 Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖 Glycoside 糖苷[萄]糖苷 Glucoside 葡Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖 Polysaccharide 多糖 Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷 Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷 Propellane 笼型化合物 Rotazane 螺桨烷 Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇 acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基alkoxy- 烷氧基 -amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的 -amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐 anilino- 苯胺基 aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯 -atriyne 三炔偶氮 azo-benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷溴 bromo-butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸10-2 centi-chloro- 氯代 cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1 二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基 ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代 -glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一 hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六 -hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水 hydroxyl 羟基 hypo- 低级的,次 -ic 酸的,高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐,酰替胺,酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代异,等,同 iso--ite 亚酸盐 keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯间,偏 meta-methoxy- 甲氧基 methyl 甲基( mon-) 一,单 mono-nitro- 硝基亚硝基 nitroso- nona- 九nonadeca- 十九 octa- 八octadeca- 十八 -oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻,正,原 -ous 亚酸的,低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物 -oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位,仲 penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高,过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚,多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式,同,共三 ter-tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代反式,超,跨 trans-tri- 三thio- 硫代反式,超,跨 trans-tri- 三十三 trideca-tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单,一unsym- 不对称的,偏位-ylene 撑(二价基,价在不同原子上) -yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (癸二酸二仲辛酯;癸二酸二2-乙基己酯) Zinc stearate (硬脂酸锌) Suberic acid (辛二酸)Adipic acid, (己二酸) Hexanedioic acid, (己二酸) Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester (癸二酸二丁酯)Abietic acid (松香酸)Lactic acid (乳酸)Poly(ethylene glycol) (聚乙二醇) Glycerol stearate (硬脂酸甘油酯) Imidazoline (咪唑啉,间二氮杂环戊烯) -Pinene (β-蒎烯,β-松油二环烯), Adipic acid (脂肪酸)Butyl acetate (乙酸丁酯)Ethylene glycol butyl ether (乙二醇丁醚) Sebacic acid, (癸二酸) Decanedioic acid, (癸二酸)Ethylene glycol ethyl ether (乙二醇乙醚) 2-Butenedioic acid (E)-,(2-丁烯二酸) Succinic acid, (琥珀酸,丁二酸) Ethylene glycol methyl ether (乙二醇甲醚) Acetyl acetate (乙酸乙酰脂)1H-Benzotriazole (1-H-笨并三唑) -Pinene (α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯), Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)(苯甲酸) Benzoic acidEthanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸) Glyceroyl, (甘油酰)(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(N,N,N,N-四(2-羟基丙基)乙烯二氨) Isoleucine, (异亮氨酸)acid, disalicyloylhydrazide ( Decamethylenedicarboxylic Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate(3(2,3-2溴丙基)异氰尿酸盐)-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-(N-水杨酰)氨-1,2,4-三唑) 3 Isocyanuric acid (异氰尿酸)Salicylamide (水杨酰胺)Polyethylene glycol (聚乙二醇)Diethylene glycol diethyl ether (二甘醇二乙醚,(一缩)二乙二醇二乙醚) Butyl carbitol (丁基卡必醇)Ethyl carbitol (乙基卡必醇)Methyl carbitol (甲基卡必醇)Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (乙二醇单丁醚) Glutaric acid ( 戊二酸,谷酸)Succinic acid (琥珀酸,丁二酸)Citric acid (柠檬酸)Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Lactic acid (2-羟基丙酸,乳酸)Glycerin monostearate (甘油一硬脂酸) Pentaerythritol (季戊四醇)-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基)丙酸酯,tetrakis[ Dioctyl sebacate (癸二酸二辛酯) N-Methyl pyrrolidone, (N-甲基吡咯烷酮) Diethylene glycol ethyl ether (二甘醇乙醚) Propylene glycol (丙二醇 )Octanedioic acid (辛二酸 )Oleamide (油酸酰胺)[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole (2-巯基-苯并噻唑) Nonanedioic acid, (壬二酸) cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, (顺式-9-十八炭烯酸,油酸) Sebacic acid,uses (癸二酸)12-Hydroxy stearic acid (十二羟基硬脂酸) Phthalic acid (苯二甲酸 ) 1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane(1,1,3-三(2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基)丁烷) 1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene(1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)苯) -Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, (1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮) 1Carbonic acid, (碳酸)Phthalic acid, (苯二甲酸)Malic acid (苹果酸,羟基丁二酸)2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol (2,3-二溴-2-丙烯-1,4-二醇)(溴代十六烷基吡啶) Cetylpyridinium bromide Pentanedioic acid (戊二酸) pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇) (丁二酸) Butanedioic acid,1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene (1,2-二溴乙基苯)(水杨酸) Salicylic acid,Stearic acid (硬脂酸)Pentanedioic acid (戊二酸)Maleic acid, (马来酸,失水苹果酸)Phthalic acid, (苯二甲酸)Tartaric acid, (酒石酸)Acetic acid, (乙酸)Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether (聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚,聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚)Ethanedioic acid, (乙二酸)Polyethylene glycol (聚乙二醇)Diethylene glycol butyl ether (二甘醇丁醚) Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (二甘醇单乙醚) Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (乙二醇单丁醚) Pentaerythritol, (季戊四醇)Diglycol, (二甘醇,一缩二乙二醇)Hexylene glycol (己二醇)Ethylene glycol, (乙二醇)Glycerol, (甘油,丙三醇)Cyclobutanediamine (环丁烷二胺)Dibromobutenediol (二溴丁二醇)Cyclohexanediamine (环己烷二胺)Succinamide (琥珀酰胺,丁二酸胺) Ethylenediamine, (乙二胺)Triethanolamine, (三乙醇胺)5-Aminoisophthalic acid (5-氨基间苯二甲酸) p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid (对叔丁基苯甲酸) Propionic acid, (丙酸)Benzoic acid, (安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸) Salicylamide (水杨酰胺)Aniline, (苯胺)Palmitic acid, (棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸) Glutamic acid, (谷氨酸) Glutaric acid (谷酸,戊二酸)Glycine, (甘氨酸,氨基乙酸)(苹果酸,羟基丁二酸) Malic acidAdipic acid, (己二酸)Diethanolamine (二乙醇胺)Triethylamine, (三乙胺)Malic acid (苹果酸)Oxalic acid, (草酸)Oleic acid, (油酸)Glutaric acid (谷氨酸)(山梨酸) sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbit Sorbic acid。
(完整版)6-大学无机化学英语词汇
大学无机化学英语词汇Aabsorption cell吸收池absorptivity 吸光率accuracy 准确度acetaldehyde 乙醛acetate 醋酸盐acetic acid 乙酸acetic acid 乙酸acetylating agent 乙酰化剂acetylene 乙炔acid 酸acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法Acid-Bases 酸碱Actinium (Ac) 锕activation energy 反应的活化能Activation Energy 活化能active intermediate 活性中间体addition reaction 加成反应ether 乙醚aging 陈化alcohol 醇aldehyde 醛aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Alkali Metals 碱金属alkali 碱,强碱Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属alkalinity 碱性alkalinization 碱化alkaloid 生物碱alkene 烯烃alloy 合金Alloys 合金allyl cation 烯丙基正离子alpha coefficient 酸效应系数Aluminum (Al) 铝Americium (Am) 镅ammonia 氨Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid硝酸,磷酸amount of substance 物质的量analysis 分解analytical chemistry 分析化学anhydride 酐anion 阴离子anode 阳极,正极Antimony (Sb) 锑aqua Fortis 王水arbitration analysis 仲裁分析argentometry 银量法Argon (Ar) 氩aromatic character 芳香性aromatic compound 芳香族化合物Arsenic (As) 砷Astatine (At) 砹atom 原子atomic mass 原子质量atomic number 原子数Atomic Orbital 原子轨道atomic weight 原子量BBalancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平Barium (Ba) 钡base 碱bathochromic shift 红移benzene 苯Berkelium (Bk) 锫Beryllium (Be) 铍bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应Bismuth (Bi) 铋bivalent 二价boat conformation 船型构象body 物体Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型Bond Angles 键角bond energy 键能Bond Enthalpies 键能Bond Length 键长bond length 键长Bond order 键级Bond polarity 键矩bond 原子的聚合Borane 硼烷Boron (B) 硼Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族(硼,铝,镓,铟,铊)Bromine (Br) 溴Bronsted-Lowry Acids and BasesBuffer Capacity 缓冲容量Bunsen burner 本生灯burette 滴定管butane 丁烷CCadmium (Cd) 镉Caesium (Cs) 铯calcine 煅烧Calcium (Ca) 钙calibration curve 校正曲线Californium (Cf) 锎Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应carbanion 碳负离子carbocation 碳正离子carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon (C) 碳Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族(碳,硅,锗,锡,铅)Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸,碳酸盐,碳化物carboxylic acid 羧酸carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物catalysis 催化catalysis 催化作用catalyst 催化剂catalyst 催化剂catalytic reaction 催化反应cathode 阴极,负极cation 阳离子caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠Cell EMF 电池电动势center ion 中心离子cerimetry 铈量法characteristic 表征Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型chelate compound 螯合物chelating agent 螯合剂chemical analysis 化学分析chemical equilibrium 化学平衡chemical factor 化学因数chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD) chemical reaction 化学反应chemical shift 化学位移chiral molecule 手性分子Chlorine (Cl) 氯chromatographic analysis 色谱分析Chromium (Cr) 铬cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积Cobalt (Co) 钴coefficient variation 变异系数colorimetry 比色分析combination 合成作用combustion 燃烧compound 合成物compound 化合物Compounds 化合物concentration浓度confidence interval置信区间confidence level 置信水平configuration 构型confomational isome 构象异构体conformation 构象conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃conjugated double bond 共轭双键conjugated effect 共轭效应conjugated system 共轭体系coordination atom 配位原子coordination compound 配位化合物coordination number 配位数Copper (Cu) 铜coprecipitation 共沉淀Covalence Bond 共价键covalent bond 共价键Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚Crystal Structure 晶体结构cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数cupel 烤钵Curium (Cm) 锔Dd-Block elements d区元素decantation 倾泻法deformation analysis 形态分析dehydrate 脱水demasking 解蔽derivative 衍生物detector 检测系统deviation偏差dextro- 右旋Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应Dipole Moments 偶极矩dissociation constant 解离常数dissolution 分解dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO) distil, distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏Dysprosium (Dy) 镝EEffective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷Effects of V olume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and CatalystsEinsteinium (Es) 锿electrochemical analysis 电化学分析electrode potential 电极电势electrode 电极electrolysis 电解Electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electrolyte 电解质electron 电子Electron Affinities 亲电性Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布Electron Configurations 电子构型Electron Spin 电子自旋electron 电子electron-attracting group 吸电子基Electronegativity 电负性electrophilic addition 亲电加成electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂element 元素elimination reaction 消除反应Enantiomorph 对映体end point滴定终点Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程endothermic reaction 吸热反应Energies of Orbital 轨道能量Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵(标准熵)Entropy Changes 熵变Enzymes 酶Erbium (Er) 铒ester 酯Ether 醚ethyl alcohol 乙醇ethylene 乙烯ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸Europium (Eu) 铕exothermic reaction 放热反应Ffatty acid 脂肪酸f-Block Elements f区元素Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂fermentation 发酵Fermium (Fm) 镄filter 滤管Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式filtration 过滤flask 烧瓶Fluorine (F) 氟Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成fractionation 分馏Francium (Fr) 钫Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应functional group 官能团fusion, melting 熔解GGadolinium (Gd) 钆Gallium (Ga) 镓Galvani Cell 原电池gel 凝胶体General Characteristics 共性general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应通式Germanium (Ge) 锗Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则Gold (Au) 金graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯gram atom 克原子Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨,一氧化碳,二氧化碳gravimetric analysis 重量分析法Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂gross error 过失误差Group 族HHafnium (Hf) 铪Half-Reaction 半反应Halides, Chloride 卤化物,氯化物haloform reaction 卤仿反应halogen 成盐元素halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素(氟,氯,溴,碘)Heat and Work 热与功Helium (He) 氦Hess’s Law 盖斯定律heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂heterogeneous equilibrium 多相平衡Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验Holmium (Ho) 钬Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂Huckel rule 休克尔规则Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道hybrid orbital 杂化轨道hybridization 杂化hydracid 氢酸hydrate 水合,水化hydrate 水合物Hydrides 氢化物hydroboration 硼氢化反应hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟hydrochloric acid 盐酸Hydrogen (H) 氢Hydrogen Bonding 氢键hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫hydrogenate 氢化Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解hydrolysis 水解hydronium ion水合氢离子hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物Hydroxides 氢氧化物hypochromic shift 紫移Ii 体积,压力,温度变化以及催化剂的影响ignition 灼烧Indium (In) 铟inductive effect 诱导效应tinfrared spectrum 红外光谱inorganic chemistry 无机化学instrumental analysis 仪器分析Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力iodimetry碘量法Iodine (I) 碘ion 离子Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力Ionic Solids 离子晶体ionization 电离Ionization Energy 电离能ion-product constant of water 水的离子积Iridium (Ir) 铱Iron (Fe) 铁Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁,铜,锌,汞isomer 同分异构体isomer 同分异物现象isomerism 同分异构现象Isomerism 异构现象isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象isotope 同位素Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素,原子数,质量数JKKekule structure 凯库勒结构式Ketone 酮Krypton (Kr) 氪LLanthanides 镧系元素Lanthanum (La) 镧Lawrencium (Lr) 铹Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理Lead (Pb) 铅leaving group 离去基团levo- 左旋Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱ligand 配位体Line Spectra 线光谱Lithium (Li) 锂litmus paper 石蕊试纸litmus 石蕊lone pair electron 孤对电子Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂Lutetium (Lu) 镥Mmacro analysis 常量分析Magnesium (Mg) 镁Magnetism 磁性Manganese (Mn) 锰Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子masking 掩蔽matrass 卵形瓶Mendelevium (Md) 钔Mercury (Hg) 汞metal indicator 金属指示剂Metallic Bond 金属键Metallic Solids 金属晶体Metals 金属methane 甲烷,沼气methyl orange 甲基橙Michael reacton 麦克尔反应micro analysis 微量分析mixture 混合Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数Molecular Forces 分子间力Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论Molecular Orbital 分子轨道molecule 分子Molybdenum (Mo) 钼monochromator 单色器monovalent 单价Multiple Bonds 重键NNeodymium (Nd) 钕Neon (Ne) 氖Neptunium (Np) 镎neutralize 中和Newman projection 纽曼投影式Nickel (Ni) 镍Niobium (Nb) 铌nitric acid 硝酸Nitrogen (N) 氮Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族(磷,砷,锑,铋)Nobelium (No) 锘Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物Non-Crystal 非晶体Nonmetals 非金属normal distribution 正态分布Nuclear Chemistry 核化学Nuclear Fission 核裂变Nuclear Fusion 核聚变nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振nucleophilic addition 亲核加成nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应nucleophilic substitution亲核取代反应Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备on-line analysis 在线分析open chain compound 开链族化合物optical activity 旋光性Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸organic chemistry 有机化学organic chemistry 有机化学Osmium (Os) 锇overall stability constant 总稳定常数oxidation氧化Oxidation Number 氧化数Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应oxide 氧化物Oxides 氧化物oxidization, oxidation 氧化oxidize 氧化Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂Oxygen (O) 氧oxygen consuming 耗氧量(OC)Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素(氧,硫,硒,碲)oxygenate, oxidize 脱氧,氧化Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧,过氧化氢PPalladium (Pd) 钯Partial Pressures 分压p-Block Elements p区元素Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律peroxide effect 过氧化物效应Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用Phase 相phenolphthalein 酚酞phosphate 磷酸盐Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐,卤化磷Phosphorus (P) 磷pipette 吸液管Platinum (Pt) 铂Plutonium (Pu) 钚Polarity Molecules 极性分子Polonium (Po) 钋Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子polymer 聚合物Polymer 聚合物positional isomers 位置异构体postprecipitation 继沉淀Potassium (K) 钾potassium carbonate 碳酸钾potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾Praseodymium (Pr) 镨precipitate 沉淀precipitation 沉淀反应Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离precipitation 沉淀precision 精密度primary standard 基准物质Process 过程product 产物product 化学反应产物Promethium (Pm) 钷Protactinium (Pa) 镤proton condition 质子平衡proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应Qqualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析Quantum Numbers 量子数Rradical 基Radioactivity 放射性Radium (Ra) 镭Radius of Atoms 原子半径Radon (Rn) 氡random error 偶然误差Rate Constants 速率常数reaction mechanism 反应历程Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理Reaction Order 反应级数reaction rate 反应速率Reaction Rates 反应速率reagent 试剂Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体:对理想气体行为的偏离redox couple 氧化还原电对redox indicator 氧化还原指示reducer 还原剂reduction 还原regent 试剂relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差(RSD)Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度retort 曲颈甑reversible 可逆的Rhenium (Re) 铼Rhodium (Rh) 铑routine analysis 常规分析Row 行Rubidium (Rb) 铷Ruthenium (Ru) 钌Ssalt 盐Salts 盐Samarium (Sm) 钐Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则s-Block Elements s区元素Scandium (Sc) 钪Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀Selenium (Se) 硒semimicro analysis 半微量分析sequence rule 次序规则series 系列side reaction coefficient 副反应系数significant figure 有效数字significant test 显著性检验Silicic acid,Silicates 硅酸,硅酸盐Silicon (Si) 硅Silver (Ag) 银silver mirror reaction 银镜反应soda 苏打Sodium (Na) 钠sodium carbonate 碳酸钠Solubility 溶解度solution 溶解source 光源spectrophotometry 分光光度法Spontaneous Processes 自发过程standard curve 标准曲线Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变standard solution 标准溶液standardization 标定State and State Functions 状态与状态函数stereo isomer 立体异构体stereochemistry 立体化学Stereoisomerism 立体异构still 蒸馏釜stirring rod 搅拌棒stoichiometric point 化学计量点Strontium (Sr) 锶structural formula 分子式Structural Isomerism 结构异构Sulfides 硫化物Sulphur (S) 硫sulphuric acid 硫酸symbol 复合synthesis 合成System and Surroundings 系统与环境systematic nomenclature系统命名法systematical error 系统误差TTantalum (Ta) 钽tautomerism 互变异构现象Technetium (Tc) 锝Tellurium (Te) 碲Terbium (Tb) 铽test tube 试管Thallium (Tl) 铊Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应Direction of Reaction 反应方向Dissociation of Water 水离解Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数Noble Gases 稀有气体The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名,组成和结构Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理Periodic Table 周期表Proton in Water 水合质子Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数van der Waals Equation 范德华方程VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性Thorium (Th) 钍Thulium (Tm) 铥Tin (Sn) 锡Titanium (Ti) 钛titer 滴定度titration 滴定titration error 滴定误差titrimetry 滴定分析Transition Metals 过渡金属transmittance 透光率Tungsten (W) 钨U Unimolecular 单分子Uranium (U) 铀Vvalence bond theory 价键理论valence, valency 价Vanadium (V) 钒V oltaic Cell 伏特电池WWalden inversion 瓦尔登反转wavelength dispersion 色散XXenon (Xe) 氙YYtterbium (Yb) 镱Yttrium (Y) 钇Zzero level零水准Zinc (Zn) 锌Zirconium (Zr) 锆β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物百度文库下载食品工程与生物技术学院双语教学团队编辑。
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专业英语词汇-----无机化学
acid 酸
base 碱
salt 盐
acid (or base) dissociation constant 酸(或碱)解离常数atomic number 原子序数
atomic orbital s 原子轨道
atom 原子
molecule 分子
ion 离子
cation 阳离子
anion 阴离子
charge 电荷
bond 键
bonding 成键
double bond 双(重)键
single bond 单键
covalent bond 共价键
hydrogen bond 氢键
hydrogen bonding 氢键的形成hybridization 杂化
coordination compounds or complexes 配位化合物(配合物)ligand 配体
electronic configuration 电子组态
electron affinity 电子亲和性electronegativity 电负性
experiment 实验
inorganic chemistry 无机化学
inorganic compounds 无机化合物
ionization energy 电离能
lattice energy 晶格能
interaction 相互作用
oxoacid 含氧酸
oxide 氧化物
monoxide 一氧化物
dioxide 二氧化物
hydroxide 氢氧化物
hydride 氢化物
sulfide 硫化物
alkali (强)碱
alkali metals 碱金属
halide 卤化物
hydrogen halide 卤化氢
metal halides 金属卤化物
carbonate 碳酸盐
sulfuric acid 硫酸
sulfate 硫酸盐
periodic table 周期表
valence 价
main group compounds 主族化合物
p (or s, d, f)-block elements p(或s, d, f)区元素
group 13 (or 14, 15,…) elements第13(或14,15,…)元素solid state 固态
liquid state 液态
gaseous state 气态
free energy 自由能
dissociation 解离
reaction 反应
reactivity 反应性
aqueous solution 水溶液
solubility 溶解性
solute 溶质
dissolution 溶解
common-ion effect 同离子效应
stability 稳定性
thermodynamics 热力学oxidation 氧化oxidant 氧化剂reduction 还原reductant 还原剂redox 氧化还原反应potential (电)势cell 电池precipitate 沉淀(物)precipitation 沉淀hydrogen 氢
oxygen 氧
carbon 碳
silicon 硅
nitrogen 氮phosphorus 磷
sulfur 硫
fluorine 氟chlorine 氯bromine 溴iodine 碘
sodium 钠
potassium 钾
calcium 钙
magnesium 镁
aluminum 铝
iron 铁
cobalt 钴
nickel 镍
copper 铜
zinc 锌
silver 银
gold 金
the first row transition metals 第一过渡系金属transition metals 过渡金属occurrence 存在
oxidation state 氧化态
ground state 基态
excited state 激发态
spin 自旋
high (or low) spin 高(或低)自旋。