初中直接引语变间接引语讲解
初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语的特殊变换
初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语的特殊变换直接引语和间接引语是学习英语语法时经常遇到的概念。
直接引语是将别人的原话直接引用,而间接引语是通过转述别人的原话来表达。
在日常生活和学习中,我们经常需要将别人的话转述给他人或者直接引用别人的话来进行交流和表达。
在英语中,我们需要了解直接和间接引语之间的转换关系以及相应的规则。
接下来将对初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语的特殊变换进行详细介绍。
1. 直接引语变为间接引语:当我们将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几点:1.1 时态的变换:常见的规则是将直接引语中的时态转换为相应的过去时态。
比如,直接引语中的一般现在时变为一般过去时,一般过去时变为过去完成时,一般将来时变为过去将来时等。
例子:直接引语:He said, "I am going to the park tomorrow."间接引语:He said that he was going to the park the next day.直接引语中的一般现在时“am”变为了一般过去时的“was”,一般将来时“tomorrow”变为了过去将来时的“the next day”。
1.2 人称的变换:当直接引语中含有一、二人称时,需要根据引用者的身份和角色进行相应的人称变换。
一般来说,第一人称变为第三人称,第二人称变为第二人称或者第三人称。
例子:直接引语:She said, "I can swim."间接引语:She said that she could swim.直接引语中的第一人称“I”变为了第三人称的“she”。
1.3 地点和时间的变换:当直接引语中涉及具体的时间和地点时,需要相应地进行变换。
一般来说,指示时间和地点则根据转述时发生的情况来确定。
例子:直接引语:He said, "I will meet you here at 5 o'clock."间接引语:He said that he would meet me there at 5 o'clock.直接引语中的地点“here”变为了间接引语中的地点“there”。
初三直接引语变间接引语的讲解
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引 语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第 二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句 中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语 一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语 。也可以用第一人称,如:
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”
What did he say?
He said he__w_e_n_t_t_o__b_e_a_ch__e_v_e_r_y_S_u__n_d_a_y__.
I go to beach every Sunday.
What did she say?
She said she_w__o_u_ld__c_a_l_l _m_e__to_m__o_r_r_o_w____.
一 随 主
引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致
She said,“ I like Tennis.”
二 随 宾
引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保
He said to Lily, “ you must get up early”
持一致
三
引号内的第三人
She said to me , “ They want to
When do you have math? ( They asked him )
you have math
They asked him when you have math.
he had
They asked him when he had math.
2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语
Do you have math? ( They asked him )
初中知识点归纳直接引语与间接引语的转换
初中知识点归纳直接引语与间接引语的转换直接引语与间接引语的转换是初中英语中的重要知识点。
在日常交流和写作中,我们经常会涉及到他人的观点和陈述,这时就需要准确地用直接引语或间接引语来表达他人的意思。
下面将对直接引语和间接引语的概念、使用方法以及转换技巧进行归纳和总结。
一、直接引语的定义及使用方法直接引语是指直接摘录他人的原话,表达他人所说或所写的内容。
在直接引语中,通常使用引号将原话括起来,同时需要用适当的标点符号来结束引语。
例如:1. Tom said, "I like playing basketball."2. She shouted, "Help!"二、间接引语的定义及使用方法间接引语是通过自己的语言将他人的原话传达出来,不再使用引号将原话括起来。
在间接引语中,通常需要改变时态和人称。
例如:1. Tom said that he liked playing basketball.2. She shouted for help.三、直接引语转换为间接引语的方法当我们要将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几点:1. 改变时态:根据情况改变动词的时态。
2. 改变人称:根据引语所述的人的情况,将人称进行相应的改变。
3. 改变时间和地点:根据引语所述的时间和地点,将时间和地点进行相应的改变。
4. 改变指示词:将直接引语中的指示词(如this, these, here等)改为适当的指示词或删除。
例如:直接引语:He said, "I will go to the park tomorrow."间接引语:He said that he would go to the park the next day.直接引语:She said, "I am reading a book right now."间接引语:She said that she was reading a book at that moment.四、间接引语转换为直接引语的方法当我们要将间接引语转换为直接引语时,需要注意以下几点:1. 恢复原话:将间接引语中的陈述句恢复为原来的直接引语。
初中语法直接引语转换间接引语讲解附练习题及答案
直接引语与间接引语直接引语:一字不改的引用或复述别人的话,被引用或复述的部分即为直接引语;一般前后用引号,首字母大写;间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话,被转述的部分即为间接引语;通常以宾语从句的形式出现,不用引号;直接引语变为间接引语时,要注意人称、时态、连接词、语序以及时间状语、地点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化;一、人称变化直接引语是第一人称变为间接引语时,一般要变为第三人称;第二人称变为与主句的间接宾语相一致的人称如果没有间接宾语,可根据上下文的体会确定一个人称;第三人称一般不改变;例如 He told me,"I’ll give you a book when I meet you again."—He told me he would give me a book when he met me again.二、时态的变化如果主句是过去式态,变为间接引语时应向前推一个时态;即一般现在时---一般过去式,现在进行时---过去进行时,现在完成时---过去完成时,一般过去时---过去完成时,过去进行时---过去进行时,一般将来时---过去将来时,现在完成进行时---过去完成进行时,过去完成时---过去完成时,过去完成进行时---过去完成进行时;等;例如She wondered:"When will the meeting begin."—She wondered when the meeting would begin.但在以下几种情况下,间接引语的时态不用变化;1、当直接引语表示的是客观真理或经常性的特点时;例如 She said,"The earth goes around the sun".--She said that the earth goes around the sun.2、当直接引语中有绝对具体的过去时间作状语时,保持原来的一般过去时; 例如 He said,"I left home in 1942.—He said he left home in 1942.注:间接引语中的谓语动词有时需要适当的调整;Say后的直接引语表示陈述或命令时可变为ask; say后的直接引语表示请求或询问时可变为ask.例如 The teacher said to me,"I have seen your book.."—The teacher told me that she had seen my book.三、连接词的选择1、陈述句陈述句转化为间接引语时用that引导,也可省略 that;主句谓语动词可用直接引语中的said,也可用told来代替,可以说said that,said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可以直接说told that.主句中的谓语还常有repeat, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think, 等;例如Danny said,"I come from Canada."—Danny said that he came from Canada.2、疑问句直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序;主句的动词常用ask,wonder,want to know 等; 1、一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句时变为间接引语须用if或whether引导;例如 She asked me,"Is he a teacher "—She asked me if/whether he was a teacher.2}、选择疑问句或反意疑问直接引语是选择疑问句需用or;反意疑问句需用or not变为间接引语时要用whether而不用if.例如 My brother asked me,"Is Tom tall or short "—My brother asked me whether Tom was tall or short."You are reading,aren’t you"he said to me.—He asked me whether I was reading or not.3、特殊疑问句当直接引语为特殊疑问句变为间接引语时,常变成与疑问句同形的连接词引导的宾语从句,用陈述语序,问号变句号;例如"What do you want to eat "he asked me.—He asked me what I wanted to eat. 3、祈使句直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语时,要用不定式表示,使其成为 ask /tell /order sb not to do sth 句型;例如"Don’t open the door."he said to her.—He asked her not to open the door.4、感叹句感叹句变为间接引语时可用 what或how引导,也可用that引导;例如 He said,"What a lovely day it is"—He said what a lovely day it was.—He said that it was a lovely day.四、语序的变化当直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序,即连接词+主语+动词的形式;例如"Where are you going "he asked me.—He asked me where I was going.但当直接引语中特殊疑问词作主语时,语序不变;例如He asked, “Who is your brother.” -He asked who was my brother.五、时间状语、地点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化;now—then today—that day yesterday—the day before last might—the night before two days ago—two days before next week—the next week tomorrow—the next day the day after tomorrow—in two days’time 或者two days after here—there this—that these—those come—go bring—take 例如 He said,"I did my homework yesterday."—He said he had done his homework the day before.六、情态动词的变化can—could must—had to或者must will—would shall—should may—might一、单项选择:1. He asked ________ for the computer.A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I payD. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film” he asked me. →He asked me ________. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ________ me ________ the window.A. said to; to closeB. told to; closingC. asked; to closeD. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. →He said ________.A. that I am a teacherB. I was a teacherC. that he is a teacherD. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He ________ very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy wasB. said to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy wasD. spoke to his mother that the boy is6. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you” she asked. →She asked ________or not.A. if I have already got well, hadn’t youB. whether I had already got wellC. have I already got wellD. had I already got well7. He asked, “Are you a Party member or a League member”→He asked me ________.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member8. He asked, “How are you getting along” →He asked ________.A. how am I getting alongB. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting alongD. how was I getting along 9. He asked me ________ with me.A. what the matter isB. what the matter isC. what’s th e matterD. what was wrong10. He said, “Don’t do that again.” →He ________ me ________ that again.A. said to; not to doB. said to; don’t doC. told; don’t doD. told; not to do二、直接引语转换间接引语1. “I saw a note on my desk.” she said.2. Mother said, “I’ll go to the park tomorrow.”3. He said to me, “Your brother broke it.”4. Tom said, “My sister was here three days ago.”5. “We stayed there for two weeks.” she told me.6. She said, “I have given up smoking.”7. “We’ve known each other for about three years.” the young man told him.8. “I haven’t seen her these days.” he said.9. “Mother gave me a new book as a present yesterday.” Mary said.10. “Do you like English or Chinese” the teacher asked me.11. “What did you do yesterday” she asked me.12. “Would you like an apple” mother asked me.13. “Don’t open the door.” she sai d to me.14. “Come here early tomorrow.” the teacher said to us.15. “Did you go to the cinema last night” she asked.16. “Keep the door closed.” the old man said to us.17. “Did you go there by train or by bus” the teacher asked.18. “They are playing on the playground.” Jim said.三、在横线上填上合适的词1. He exclaimed how lovely the house ___________.2. We didn’t know ___________ she hadn’t handed in the paper.3. The monitor ___________ the five of us to clean the floor yesterday afternoon.4. Anderson told us ___________ his father had just returned from Shanghai.5. She ___________ us to help the old woman in our village that day.6. My father asked me ___________ was the matter when he came back.7. That fellow always ___________ me clean his shoes for him.8. Tom said that he ___________ in the army for three years.9. — What did Alice say just now — She said that ___________ would borrow that dictionaryform Mary.10. I wonder ___________ she can attend my party this evening.四、单项选择1. Right now, the boss ordered John to hand in his design ________.A. this afternoonB. this afternoonC. todayD. that day2. Jimmy ________ her if she had seen him there that afternoon. A. said to B. askedC. toldD. ask3. Uncle Wang ordered us to ________ his house at once. A. come out of B. come C. goout of D. go4. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ________ they insist on going by motor-bike.A. whyB. whetherC. whenD. how5. Chen Qiang told Mr. Smith that the People’s Republic of China _______ in October 1,1949.A. foundedB. had been foundedC. foundD. was founded6. She said to me that _______ might keep ________ book for two days.A. she; thisB. I; thatC. I; thisD. you; this7. In order to choose the right one, she first asked me _______ I want to use a dictionary for.A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether8. Customers are asked to make sure that they _______ the right change before leaving the shop.A. will giveB. have been givenC. have givenD. will be given9. Linda shouted that you _______ your homework ahead of her.A. finishedB. would finishC. had finishedD. have finished10. My girlfriend asked me _______ I knew it was her birthday that day or not.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. what五、巩固练习:1、He asked,"Is the door open or closed."He asked _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.2、She said,"I have left my coat in your room."She said _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______ ______.3、She said,"I wrote to my friends yesterday."She said _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______ _______ ______.4、Mother asked me,"When will you be back next time."Mother asked me_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.5、The teacher told the students,"The earth is round."The teacher told the students_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .6、The guard said to Lenin,"Please show me your pass."The guard asked Tom_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .7、Danny said ,"Are you leaving today or tomorrow, Ling Ming "Danny asked Li Ming_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______ ______.8、He said ,"My sister was here two days ago, but she is not here now"He said _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____, but_____ was not there then.参考答案:一、单项选择1-5 DDCDC BDCDD二、直接引语转换间接引语参考答案1. She said that she had seen a note on her desk.2. Mother said that she would go to the park the next day.3. He told me that my brother had broken it.4. Tom said that hissister had been there three days before. 5. She told me that they had stayed there for two weeks. 6. She said that she had given up smoking. 7. The young man told him that they had known each other for about three years. 8. He said that he hadn’t seen her those days.9. Mary said that her mother had given her a new book as a present the day before. 10. The teacher asked me whether I liked English or Chinese. 11. She asked me what I had done the day before. 12. Mother asked me if/whether I would like an apple. 13. She asked me not to open the door. 14. The teacher told us to go there early the next day. 15. She asked whether/if I had gone to the cinema the night before. 16. The old man told me us to keep the door closed. 17. The teacher asked whether we had gone there by train or by bus.18. Jim said that they were playing on the playground.三、在横线上填上合适的词1. Was2. why/ that3. asked/ ordered4. that5. advised /asked / ordered6. what7.lets / has / makes8. had been / had served9. she 10.if / whether四、单项选择1-5DBCAD 6-10BABCA五、巩固练习:答案:1. if the door was open or closed 2. she had left her coat in my room3. that she had written to her friends the day before 4 .when I would be back the next time 5. that the earth is round 6 .to show him his pass7 .whether he was leaving that day or the next day 8. his sister had been there two days before ,she .。
初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语的转换方法
初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语的转换方法直接引语和间接引语是学习英语语法中必须要掌握的知识点之一。
在日常学习和交流中,我们经常会使用到直接引语和间接引语,因此了解并掌握它们的转换方法是非常重要的。
接下来,我将为大家介绍初中英语知识点,归纳直接引语和间接引语的转换方法。
一、直接引语与间接引语的定义直接引语是指将别人的原话直接用双引号引用的方式进行表达。
例如,她说:“I love English.”(她说:“我爱英语。
”)这里直接引用了她自己说的话。
而间接引语则是将别人的原话转述成自己的话进行表达。
例如,她说她喜欢英语。
(She said she loved English.)这里没有直接引用她的原话,而是通过转述的方式表达了相同的意思。
二、直接引语和间接引语的转换方法在将直接引语转换成间接引语时,需要注意以下几个要点:1. 人称代词和时态的变化:在转换为间接引语时,需要根据引语的主体做相应的人称代词和时态的变化。
例如,I(我)转换为he/she (他/她),now(现在)转换为then(当时)等。
2. 动词的变化:直接引语中的动词要根据肯定、否定、疑问句等情况进行相应的变化。
例如,直接引语是一个陈述句时,转换为间接引语时,动词要变为相应的陈述句形式。
3. 介词和连接词的变化:在转换为间接引语时,有些介词和连接词也需要进行相应的变化。
例如,直接引语中的介词"in"转换为间接引语中的"into",直接引语中的连接词"that"可以省略等。
下面是一些具体的例子,用来说明如何将直接引语转换为间接引语:1. 直接引语是陈述句:直接引语:She said, "I am happy."间接引语:She said she was happy.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句:直接引语:He asked, "Do you like basketball?"间接引语:He asked if I liked basketball.3. 直接引语是选择疑问句:直接引语:He asked, "Are you going to the party or staying at home?"间接引语:He asked whether I was going to the party or staying at home.4. 直接引语是祈使句:直接引语:The teacher said, "Please be quiet."间接引语:The teacher asked us to be quiet.5. 直接引语是感叹句:直接引语:He exclaimed, "What a beautiful day!"间接引语:He exclaimed how beautiful the day was.通过以上的例子,我们可以发现,转换直接引语为间接引语需要考虑到人称代词、时态、动词形式、介词和连接词的变化等要素。
初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语的变换规则
初中英语知识点归纳直接和间接引语的变换规则直接和间接引语的变换规则是初中英语中重要的知识点之一。
正确运用直接和间接引语的变换规则可以帮助我们更准确地表达他人的意思,增强语言表达的准确性和丰富性。
以下将介绍直接和间接引语的变换规则及相关例句。
一、直接引语变换为间接引语的规则:1. 时态变换:常见的直接引语变为间接引语时,需根据上下文和情景进行时态变换。
例如,直接引语是一般现在时,则变为间接引语时变为过去时。
- 直接引语:He said, "I love reading."- 间接引语:He said that he loved reading.2. 人称变换:直接引语中的第一人称(I, we)需要变为第三人称(he, she, they)。
- 直接引语:Tom said, "I am happy."- 间接引语:Tom said that he was happy.3. 地点和时间变换:直接引语中的地点和时间状语需要根据变换后的引语进行适当调整。
- 直接引语:She said, "I will meet you at the park tomorrow."- 间接引语:She said that she would meet me at the park the next day.4. 特殊疑问句的变换:直接引语中的特殊疑问句变为间接引语时,需要用连词“if” 或“whether”引导。
- 直接引语:He asked, "What is your name?"- 间接引语:He asked me what my name was.二、间接引语变换为直接引语的规则:1. 时态变换:间接引语变为直接引语时,需根据上下文和情景进行时态变换。
例如,间接引语是过去时,则变为直接引语时变为一般现在时。
- 间接引语:She told me that she loved reading.- 直接引语:She said, "I love reading."2. 人称变换:间接引语中的第三人称(he, she, they)需要变为第一人称(I, we)。
直接引语变间接引语 详细讲解
考点直接引语和间接引语直接引用别人的话叫直接引语,用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。
直接引语前后加引号;间接引语不必加引号。
间接引语有以下三种情况构成宾语从句,有两种情况变成不定式形式。
1.直接引语是陈述句时,变成间接引语就用宾语从句形式。
如:He said, “ I’m a student.”他说:“我是一名学生。
”❼He said he was a student.他说他是一名学生。
2.直接引语是一般疑问句时,变成间接引语形成if或whether引导的宾语从句。
如:He asked us,” Have you finished reading this book?”他问我们:“你们读完这本书了吗?”❼He asked us if/ whether we had finished reading that book.他问我们是否我们已经读完了这本书。
3.直接引语是特殊疑问句时,变成间接引语形成宾语从句。
如:The teacher asked,“Where are you going next week?”老师问:“下周你们要去哪儿?”❼The teacher asked where we were going the next week. 老师问第二周我们要去哪。
注意:当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时,首先要注意用特殊疑问词,其后用正常语序的句子,同时注意人称、时态、时间状语的变化。
a.4.直接引语是肯定的祈使句时,变成间接引语时要用不定式形式。
如:①.Our parents told us“Learn English well!”我们的父母告诉我们:“把英语学好啊!”❼Our parents told us to learn English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。
②.The teacher ordered them, “ Do that again.”老师命令他们说:“重做!”❼ The teacher ordered them to do that again.老师命令他们要重做。
宾语从句直接引语变间接引语四要素
宾语从句直接引语变间接引语四要素嗨,朋友们!今天咱们来好好唠唠宾语从句里直接引语变间接引语的那点事儿。
这就像是一场奇妙的语言变身魔法,掌握了这魔法的四要素,你就能轻松搞定这个有点小复杂的语法点啦。
要素一:人称的变化。
这就像是在一场角色扮演游戏里,人物身份突然转换了。
比如说,直接引语里是第一人称“我”,在变成间接引语的时候,可能就要根据具体情况变成第三人称“他”或者“她”了。
我给你举个例子哈。
小明说:“我很开心。
”如果要变成间接引语,就可能是小红说小明很开心,这里的“我”就变成了“小明”。
这就好比你本来是自己故事里的主角,突然变成了别人讲述的故事里的一个角色,是不是很有趣呢?你可能会想,这有啥难的呀?可别小瞧它哦,要是不注意,那句子的意思可就乱套了,就像把演员安排错了角色一样,整个戏就没法看啦。
要素二:时态的变化。
哎呀,时态这个东西就像时间的魔法,直接引语里的时态在变成间接引语的时候,往往也得跟着变一变。
一般现在时可能会变成一般过去时呢。
就像这样,小李说:“我每天都跑步。
”变成间接引语可能就是小张说小李每天都跑步(这里假设转述的内容是当天转述且习惯依旧,不发生时态变化,如果有时间差,就会变成小李以前每天都跑步)。
这就像你把现在正在发生的事情,放到回忆里去讲述,时态当然就不一样啦。
这时候你可能会问,那是不是所有时态都这么变呢?那可不一定哦,这得看具体情况,就像不同的魔法咒语在不同的情境下有不同的效果一样。
要素三:指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。
这部分可就像给一幅画换背景一样。
指示代词像“这个”“那个”,直接引语里的“这个”,到间接引语里可能就变成“那个”了。
时间状语呢,“今天”可能变成“那天”,“明天”可能变成“第二天”。
地点状语也类似,“这里”可能就成了“那里”。
比如说,小王说:“我今天在这里看到了一只可爱的小猫。
”变成间接引语也许就是小赵说小王那天在那里看到了一只可爱的小猫。
你看,这就像是把故事从一个特定的时空地点,搬到了另外一个时空地点讲述,整个画面感都变了呢。
直接引语变间接引语讲解课件
转换的基本原则
准确转述
用自己的语言准确转述 说话人的意思,不改变
原意。
调整时态
根据上下文语境,调整 时态以符合整体语境。
调整人称
根据需要,将直接引语 中的第一人称或第二人
称转换为第三人称。
去除无关细节
去除直接引语中与主要 信息无关的细节,使转
述更加简洁明了。
02
CATALOGUE
直接引语变间接引语的步骤
标点符号的转换
01
直接引语中的冒号和双引号需转 换为间接引语中的逗号和单引号 。
02
例如:“I will go to the park tomorrow.” -> He said that he would go to the park the next day.
人称代词的转换
直接引语中的第一人称代词需转换为 第三人称代词。
详细描述
在直接引语转变为间接引语的过程中,标点符号的使用需要特别注意。例如, “他说‘我明天去北京’”应该使用逗号变为“他说,明天他要去北京”。
语序混乱
总ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ词
在将直接引语转变为间接引语时,语序 混乱也是一个常见错误。
VS
详细描述
在直接引语中,原话的语序可能是倒装、 前置等,但在转变为间接引语时,需要按 照正常的语序进行排列,以保持句子的通 顺性和逻辑性。例如,“明天你去北京吗 ?”应该转变为“他问是否明天去北京” 。
04
CATALOGUE
练习与巩固
单句改写
详细描述:从简单的单句开始练 习,逐步掌握直接引语变间接引 语的规则和技巧,如时态、语序 、人称等方面的变化。
例子
原句:他说:“我喜欢吃苹果。 ”
直接引语变间接引语讲 初三
直接引语变间接引语讲解一、如何变人称:下面有一句顺口溜“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新”。
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→__________________________________. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。
或被第二人你所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以用第一人称,如:He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→__________________________________。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:Mr Smith said。
"Jack is a good worker。
"→___________________________________。
二、如何变时态:总结:如1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→________________________________2)She said. "We hope so."→_________________________________________.3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。
"→__________________________________。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。
在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。
初中英语知识归纳直接引语和间接引语的转换规则
初中英语知识归纳直接引语和间接引语的转换规则直接引语和间接引语是初中英语学习中常见的语法知识点。
了解直接引语和间接引语的转换规则对于学生们正确运用这两种引语形式至关重要。
本文将对直接引语和间接引语的转换规则进行归纳总结,以帮助读者更好地理解和掌握这一知识点。
1. 直接引语和间接引语的定义直接引语是将他人的原话直接引述出来,用引号括起来,并配以适当的标点符号。
间接引语是将他人的原话通过间接的方式叙述出来,而非直接引述。
例子:直接引语:He said, "I will go to the park."间接引语:He said that he would go to the park.2. 直接引语和间接引语的转换规则2.1 时态转换规则- 如果直接引语中的动词是一般现在时,转换为间接引语时,动词的时态不变。
- 如果直接引语中的动词是一般过去时,转换为间接引语时,动词的时态需改为过去完成时。
- 如果直接引语中的动词是现在进行时,转换为间接引语时,动词的时态需改为过去进行时。
- 如果直接引语中的动词是一般将来时,转换为间接引语时,动词的时态需改为过去将来时。
例子:直接引语:She said, "I am reading a book."间接引语:She said that she was reading a book.直接引语:He said, "I was busy yesterday."间接引语:He said that he had been busy the day before.2.2 人称转换规则- 如果直接引语中出现第一人称,转换为间接引语时,需按照受话人的身份进行适当的变化。
- 如果直接引语中出现第二人称,转换为间接引语时,需按照受话人的身份进行适当的变化。
- 如果直接引语中出现第三人称,转换为间接引语时,人称不变。
例子:直接引语:John said, "I am a student."间接引语:John said that he was a student.直接引语:Teacher said, "You should study hard."间接引语:Teacher said that we should study hard.3. 注意事项- 直接引语和间接引语的转换规则适用于陈述句。
英语中直接引语变为间接引语的规则
英语中直接引语变为间接引语的规则在英语语法中,直接引语和间接引语之间的相互转换是个重点也是个难点。
但是在初中英语考试中,通常考查直接引语变为间接引语。
因此,我将这个语法知识点整理如下:一,四种类型
1,直接引语为陈述句,变为间接引语时用that引导,that 也可以省略。
2,直接引语为一般疑问句,变为间接引语时用if或whether引导,间接引语部分要用陈述句语序。
3,直接引语为特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时用原来的疑问词引导,间接引语部分要用陈述语序。
4,直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语时要变为由动词不定式短语构成的复合结构。
二,三大变化
1,人称的变化:直接引语变间接引语时,人称的变化遵循“一主,二宾,三不变”的原则。
“一主”指第一人称应改为与主句主语一致的人称;“二宾”指第二人称应改为与主句宾语一致的人称;“三不变”指第三人称保持不变。
2,时态的变化:直接引语变间接引语时,如果主句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,间接引语的时态通常不变;
若主句谓语动词是一般过去时,间接引语常变成相应的过去时态。
即:一般现在时变为一般过去时;现在进行时变为过去进行时;一般将来时变为过去将来时;一般过去时变为过去完成时;若转述的内容为客观真理,时态则不变。
初中英语语法:直接引语变间接引语详解附练习及答案
直接引语和间接引语Direct speech and Indirect speech1.什么是直接引语?----直接引述别人的原话,一般加冒号,且没有时态呼应的问题;如:He said, “I’m afraid I can’t finish the work.”2.什么是间接引语?-----用自己的话转述别人的话,不用引号,通常情况构成宾语从句,从句中的语序,时态,人称,时间状语,地点状语,和指示代词等都有变化。
如:He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish the work.3. 为什么要把直接引语变成间接引语?----当你需要转述别人的话的时候就需要用到;除了用say,还可以用tell, ask等。
4.所转述的内容可以是陈述句,疑问句,特殊疑问句,祈使句,感叹句,这几种情况下该怎么将直接引语变成间接引语呢?只要记住刚刚说的那6点:语序,时态,人称,时间状语,地点状语,和指示代词,记住相对应的变化规则,那么就不是一件难事。
下面我们来看例子:直接引语:He said, “My dad will be back tomorrow morning”间接引语:He said that his dad would be back the next/following morning..我们来分析一下这个例句,时态,人称,时间状语都发生了变化My dad---his dad, will be back---would be back, tomorrow morning---the next/following morning一、下面我们先看时态不变的5种情况:1)直接引语是客观真理,自然现象,名言,俗语,或者与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时,不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态,变为间接引语的时候时态均不变,如:Eg.1---“The earth moves around the sun,” the teacher told us.The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.Eg.2---He said, “I was born in Guangdong in 1990”.He said he was born in Guangdong in 1990.Eg.3---Goethe said, “The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.”Goethe said the important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.Eg.4:He said, “Practice makes perfect.”He said that practice makes perfect.2)主句的谓语动词是现在是或将来时,变成间接引语时时态不变Eg.1---He says, “I finished the work.”He says he finished the work.Eg.2---He will say, “I have watered the flower.”He will say he has watered the flower.Eg.3---He will say, “I will try my best to help you.”He will say he will try his best to help me.3)直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示反复出现或习惯性动作,变为间接引语时时态不变。
直接引语变间接引语(超级经典归纳)
直接引语变间接引语(超级经典归纳)直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句)一.直接引语和间接引语的定义。
直接引语:直接引用别人的话叫直接引语。
间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。
直接引语前后加引号;间接引语不必加引号。
He said,“ I’m a student.”(直接引语)→XXX.(间接引语)主句从句主句从句二.当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时,首先要注意用特殊疑问词。
其后用陈述语序的句子,同时注意人称、时态、时间状语,连接词,语序的变化.(一)人称的变化规则:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。
一随主二随宾三不用变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称稳定He says,”Ilike math very much。
→XXX。
He said to Lily,“you must get。
up early”→He told Lily that。
she must get up。
earlyShe said to me。
“They want to help him”→She told me that。
they wanted。
help him★(二).时态变化宾语从句时态变化规则:主现从不限;主过从四过(即4种过去的时态:一般过去时;过去进行时;过去将来时;过去完成时);客观真理,只用一般现在时。
1.主句普通目前时,从句可用随便时态。
2.主句曩昔时,从句用响应的曩昔时态。
即普通目前时改成普通曩昔时;目前举行时改成曩昔举行时;普通未来时改成曩昔未来时;普通曩昔时、目前完成时、曩昔完成时改成曩昔完成时。
3.主句过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。
XXX us:" XXX."XXX.主句的时态从句的时态例句一般现在时所需的任何时态He says,”XXX。
He says→He says that he likes math very much直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时He said。
直接引语变间接引语句型
直接引语变间接引语句型一、直接引语变间接引语的基本规则直接引语是将别人的原话直接引用过来,用引号包裹起来。
而间接引语则是将别人的原话转述或者概括,并不使用引号。
在将直接引语变为间接引语时,需要注意以下几个基本规则:1. 变为陈述语序:将直接引语中的疑问句、祈使句等变为陈述句的语序。
2. 变化时态和人称:根据上下文和引用的时间点,适当调整时态和人称。
3. 替换代词和地点:根据实际情况,适当替换代词和地点。
4. 运用引导词:为了使语句更加通顺和连贯,可以使用适当的引导词连接句子。
下面是一些例子,演示了如何将直接引语变为间接引语。
二、直接引语变间接引语的例子:1. 直接引语:老师说:“你们明天要交作业。
”间接引语:老师说他们明天要交作业。
2. 直接引语:他说:“我很喜欢这个城市。
”间接引语:他说他很喜欢那个城市。
3. 直接引语:她说:“我正在读一本很好看的书。
”间接引语:她说她正在读一本很好看的书。
4. 直接引语:他说:“我明天要去北京出差。
”间接引语:他说他明天要去北京出差。
5. 直接引语:他说:“我不知道这个问题的答案。
”间接引语:他说他不知道那个问题的答案。
6. 直接引语:她说:“我昨天去了电影院。
”间接引语:她说她昨天去了电影院。
7. 直接引语:他说:“我对这个项目很感兴趣。
”间接引语:他说他对那个项目很感兴趣。
8. 直接引语:她说:“我会尽快完成这个任务。
”间接引语:她说她会尽快完成那个任务。
9. 直接引语:他说:“我已经买好了机票。
”间接引语:他说他已经买好了机票。
10. 直接引语:她说:“我明天要去参加一个会议。
”间接引语:她说她明天要去参加一个会议。
三、总结通过将直接引语变为间接引语,我们可以更好地转述他人的原话,同时适当调整时态和人称,使句子更加通顺和连贯。
在进行转述时,我们还可以运用引导词来连接句子,使文章更加流畅。
在实际应用中,我们需要根据具体情况和上下文来进行转述,确保准确无误地传达他人的意思。
初中英语语法:直接引语变间接引语详解附练习及答案
直接引语和间接引语Direct speech and Indirect speech1.什么是直接引语?----直接引述别人的原话,一般加冒号,且没有时态呼应的问题;如:He said, “I’m afraid I can’t finish the work.”2.什么是间接引语?-----用自己的话转述别人的话,不用引号,通常情况构成宾语从句,从句中的语序,时态,人称,时间状语,地点状语,和指示代词等都有变化。
如:He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish the work.3. 为什么要把直接引语变成间接引语?----当你需要转述别人的话的时候就需要用到;除了用say,还可以用tell, ask等。
4.所转述的内容可以是陈述句,疑问句,特殊疑问句,祈使句,感叹句,这几种情况下该怎么将直接引语变成间接引语呢?只要记住刚刚说的那6点:语序,时态,人称,时间状语,地点状语,和指示代词,记住相对应的变化规则,那么就不是一件难事。
下面我们来看例子:直接引语:He said, “My dad will be back tomorrow morning”间接引语:He said that his dad would be back the next/following morning..我们来分析一下这个例句,时态,人称,时间状语都发生了变化My dad---his dad, will be back---would be back, tomorrow morning---the next/following morning一、下面我们先看时态不变的5种情况:1)直接引语是客观真理,自然现象,名言,俗语,或者与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时,不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态,变为间接引语的时候时态均不变,如:Eg.1---“The earth moves around the sun,” the teacher told us.The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.Eg.2---He said, “I was born in Guangdong in 1990”.He said he was born in Guangdong in 1990.Eg.3---Goethe said, “The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.”Goethe said the important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.Eg.4:He said, “Practice makes perfect.”He said that practice makes perfect.2)主句的谓语动词是现在是或将来时,变成间接引语时时态不变Eg.1---He says, “I finished the work.”He says he finished the work.Eg.2---He will say, “I have watered the flower.”He will say he has watered the flower.Eg.3---He will say, “I will try my best to help you.”He will say he will try his best to help me.3)直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示反复出现或习惯性动作,变为间接引语时时态不变。
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直接引语和间接引语
概述
1.我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式,一种时直接引述别人的话语,并置
于引号之内的称为直接引语,另一种是用自己的语言转述别人的话语,称为间接引语,间接一般构成宾语从句。
The teacher asked, “Do you like English?”老师问:“你喜欢英语吗?”(直接引语)The girl said that she liked English very much. 这个女孩说她非常喜欢英语。
(间接引语)
2.一般在直接引语或间接引语当中都有一个引述动词,如tell, ask, say 等。
这些
引述动词和它们的主语所放位置比较灵活,可以放在直接引语之前、之后或其中。
主语如果是名词时,可以倒装。
“主语+引述动词”放在间接引语当中就相当于宾语从句的主语部分。
He told me, “I am going to Changchun tomorrow.”他告诉我:“明天我打算去长春。
”
“Where are you from?” asked Linda. “你来自哪里?”琳达问。
直接引语变间接引语的变化形式
1.人称代词和指示代词的变化
指示代词this 和these通常变为that和those 。
人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。
从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称,第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称,第三人称不变。
例如:
He said, “I came to help you.”他说:“我是来帮助你的。
”
→He said that he had come to help me. 他说他是来帮助我的。
2.时态的变化
(1)引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时,间接引语的时态不变。
(2)引述动词如果用一般过去时,间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。
具体变化如下:
一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成
时
现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成
时
一般将来时→过去将来时
(1)含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是,情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。
(2)若直接引语为客观真理或自然规律,变为间接引语时,时态不变。
(3)有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。
3.时间状语的变化
now→ then last month → the month before
today→ that day three days ago → three days before
tonight → that night tomorrow → the next day this week → that week next month → the next month yesterday → the day before the day after tomorrow → in
two days
4.地点状语的变化
here → there
5.谓语动词的变化
come → go
直接引语变为间接引语的情况
1.直接引语为陈述句
(1)将直接引语变为由that 引导的宾语从句,接在谓语动词之后(that 可以省略)。
例如:
He said, “I forgot to call you yesterday.”他说:“我昨天忘记给你打电话了。
”
→He said that he had forgotten to call me the day before.他说她前一天忘记给我打电话了。
(2)如果引述动词是 say to sb.,则通常改为 tell sb. sth. 结构。
例如:He said to me, “Your bike is broken.”她对我说:“你的自行车坏了。
”
→He told me that my bike was broken. 他对我说我的自行车坏了。
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句
直接引语为一般疑问句,将直接引语变为由 if /whether 引导的宾语从句,句中时态、人称、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。
其语序为陈述语序,若直接引语的引述动词为 say ,应改为 ask. 例如:
Mary asked me, “Is Helen from the United States?”玛丽问我,“凯伦时美国人吗?”
→Mary asked me whether/if Helen was from the United States. 玛丽问我海伦是否时美国人。
3.直接引语为特殊疑问句
直接引语为特殊疑问句,将直接引语变为由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句,语序是陈述语序。
例如:
John asked me, “Where does Zhou Xun come from?”约翰问我,“周迅是哪儿的人?”
→John asked me where Zhou Xun came from. 约翰问我周迅时哪儿的人。
4. 感叹句----变成由that引导的宾语从句
He said “What a lovely garden it is!”
He exclaimed that it was a lovely garden.
5. .命令句----变为不定式短语
He said“Open the door.”
He asked me to open the door.。