2016考研英语长难句训练题与解析(11)

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2016考研英语真题长难句（特殊结构）

2016考研英语真题长难句（特殊结构）2016考研英语真题长难句(特殊结构)考研常命题的长难句中，除了常考的三大从句外，还有一些特殊结构(如倒装结构、比较结构、分隔结构等)，这些特殊结构往往成为考生理解的难点。

本文给出真题阅读中的一些典型的特殊结构的例句，建议熟读甚至背诵，以做到考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。

1、强调结构Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.[参考译文]也许正是因为人类长期以来遭受旱涝摆布的痛苦，才使他们制服洪水的理想显得如此令人着迷。

[结构分析]这是一个强调句，基本结构是it is...suffering...that makes...so fascinating，被强调部分是humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought，其中的中心词是suffering，有两个修饰成分：humankind's long和at the mercy of flood and drought(受旱涝摆布)都做suffering的定语。

suffering这个词除了是被强调的部分外，还是后面that引导的从句的主语;在that引导的从句中，ideal做宾语，带有of引导的动名词短语forcing the waters to do our bidding(让河水听我们吩咐)这个定语;so fascinating做ideal的宾语补语，说明ideal的特点。

2、倒装结构Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West.[参考译文]1980年美国的人口普查数据表明，没有哪个地方比美国最西部更能突出显示美国人想寻找更广阔的生存空间。

2016年考研英语一真题及答案解析

2016年考研英语一真题及答案解析1、33．Will Mary's mother ______ this afternoon? [单选题] *A．goes to see a filmB．go to the filmC．see a film(正确答案)D．goes to the film2、It’s raining heavily outside. Don’t leave _______ it stops. [单选题] *A. whileB. sinceC. until(正确答案)D. when3、—Is there ______ else I can do for you? —No, thanks. I can manage it myself.（）[单选题] *A. everythingB. anything(正确答案)C. nothingD. some things4、If you want to _______, you’d better eat more healthy food and do more exercise. [单选题] *A. keep fatB. keep calmC. keep healthy(正确答案)D. keep on5、Galileo was ____ Italian physicist and astronomer who invented _____ telescope. [单选题] *A. a, aB. the, theC. an, aD. an, the(正确答案)6、11．________ big furniture shop it is! [单选题] *A．HowB．WhatC．What a (正确答案)D．What an7、—Look at those purple gloves! Are they ______, Mary?—No, they aren’t. ______ are pink. （）[单选题] *A. you; IB. your; MyC. yours; Mine(正确答案)D. you; Me8、55．There is a ________ on in the bookshop. Let's go to buy some books. [单选题] * A．movieB．matchC．sale(正确答案)D．concert9、My dog is very _______. It is safe to touch it if you want to. [单选题] *A. luckyB. deliciousC. friendly(正确答案)D. helpful10、--Don’t _______ too late, or you will feel tired in class.--I won’t, Mum. [单选题] *A. call upB. wake upC. stay up(正确答案)D. get up11、The reason why I didn't attend the lecture was simply（）I got a bad cold that day. [单选题] *A. becauseB. asC. that(正确答案)D. for12、He’s so careless that he always _______ his school things at home. [单选题] *A. forgetsB. leaves(正确答案)C. putsD. buys13、He always found it hard to satisfy himself. [单选题] *A. 控制B. 满足(正确答案)C. 了解D. 批评14、—Is this ______ football, boy? —No, it is not ______.（）[单选题] *A. yours; myB. your; mine(正确答案)C. your; meD. yours; mine15、I can’t hear you _______. Please speak a little louder. [单选题] *A. clearly(正确答案)B. lovelyC. widelyD. carelessly16、—_____ will the bus arrive? —In four minutes. [单选题] *A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon(正确答案)D. How far17、Generally speaking, it is _______ to ask a woman’s age in western countries. [单选题] *A. possibleB. importantC. not polite(正确答案)D. polite18、Growing vegetables（）constantly watering. [单选题] *A. neededB. are neededC. were neededD. needs(正确答案)19、I think ______ time with my friends is fun for me.（）[单选题] *A. spendB. spendC. spending(正确答案)D. spent20、Once you get on the road, here are some traffic _______ to remember. [单选题] *A. problemsB. positionsC. rules(正确答案)D. points21、There are about eight ______ students in my school.（）[单选题] *A. hundred(正确答案)B. hundredsC. hundred ofD. hundreds of22、The news is?_______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. exciting;?excited(正确答案)B. excited;?excitingC. exciting;?excitingD. excited;?excited23、Which animal do you like _______, a cat, a dog or a bird? [单选题] *A. very muchB. best(正确答案)C. betterD. well24、The bookshop is far away. You’d better _______. [单选题] *A. by the busB. by busC. take busD. take?the bus(正确答案)25、7．—________ is the Shanghai Wild Animal Park?—It’s 15km east of the Bund. [单选题] *A．WhoB．WhatC．WhenD．Where (正确答案)26、Will you please say it again? I _______ you. [单选题] *A. didn’t hear(正确答案)B. don’t heardC. didn’t heardD. don’t hear27、41．—________ do you take?—Small, please. [单选题] *A．What size(正确答案)B．What colourC．How manyD．How much28、Marie is a _______ girl.She always smiles and says hello to others. [单选题] *A. shyB. friendly(正确答案)C. healthyD. crazy29、—What’s wrong with you, Mike?—I’m really tired because I studied for today’s test ______ midnight last night. （）[单选题] *A. althoughB. unlessC. until(正确答案)D. so that30、The bookstore is far away. You’d better _______ the subway. [单选题] *A. sitB. take(正确答案)C. missD. get。

历年考研英语试题长难句_2016年英语一试题长难句(01)进入阅读模式

考研英语翻译如何才能打好基础？首先要积累词汇，其次要明确长难句考察点，而无论是翻译、完型、阅读，只不过考察的方向不同，所采用的素材来源都是相当的，因此，坚持研究历年考研英语试题的长难句是打好翻译的基础。

为你整理2016考研英语试题长难句，一起来看吧~点击查看历年考研英语试题长难句汇总2022考研英语备考复习库词汇语法翻译新题型完型写作Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms' political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.(Text 3. 2016. 英一)rule out 排除stand / st?nd / n.态度，立场rather than 而不是account for 解释，说明leniency / ?li:ni?nsi / n.宽大，仁慈campaign / k?m?pein / n.运动(为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动)fine / fain / n.罚金，罚款他们的分析排除了“是企业的政治影响力，而非其CSR立场使它们获得宽大处理”的可能性：为政治活动捐献更多的企业并未受到更低的罚款。

以上是为大家整理的"历年考研英语试题长难句_2016年英语一试题长难句（01）"，希望能够帮助到大家，祝大家每天坚持复习，来年迎来一个理想的成绩，相关问题尽在英语翻译~历年考研英语翻译详解_以2019年考研英语一翻译为例2022考研英语翻译方法:定语位置如何调整2022考研英语翻译方法:时间|地点|方式状语位置如何调整。

考研英语长难句翻译真题词汇详解：(11)

研英长难句翻译真题词汇详解：（11）长难句:noting the 〝medical/psychological〞 nature of problem gambling behaviors,the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.重点词汇:admit,well-being■答案■1.长难句:鉴于其问题赌博行为的〝医疗和心理〞性质,信中表示在他出示医学和心理学证明以示光顾赌博不会对其安全和健康构成任何威胁之前,赌场不会再次对他开放.分析: 句子的主干是the letter said.noting gambling behaviors是现在分词短语作状语,宾语是一个that引导的从句.从句是一个复合句,主句是he would have to present his safety or well-being,从句是before(he is) being readmitted to the casino.2. /在英语中表示〝和〞的意思. admit在句中的意思是〝接纳〞.after two years in practice,he was admitted to the bar association.(从业两年以后,他加入了律师协会.)you will not be admitted to the auditorium without a ticket.(没有票是不会让你进礼堂的.) well-being表示〝康乐,安宁,福利〞,台湾人喜欢译成〝福祉〞.we should put the people first and give priority to the people s well-being.(我们应该把人民放在首位,以人民的安康为重.)英译汉考研英语一历年真题上下文.时间.空间.情景.对象.话语前提等与词汇使用有关的都是语境因素.同个单词历年考研英语英译汉真题除了背模板外,还要学会整理模板,因为市面上的模板都千篇一律,考试时直接套用是得不考研英语一翻译真题词汇是英语学习的门槛,发现身边很多同学之所以对英语不感兴趣或者说是惧怕,就是因为历年考研英语二级翻译真题汉译英翻译讲究信.达.雅,第一步的〝信〞就是,你要〝精准〞地知道每个单词的意思,不可以。

【2016考研】英语：长难句真题解析

【2016考研】英语：长难句真题解析▶长难句1、（2005年阅读理解）Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.【成分】Above all,状语 like their female human counterparts,插入语 they主语tend to pay much谓语 closer attention to谓语the value of “goods and services”宾语 than males.比较级【析句】句子开头是个介词短语Above all做状语, 后面表示比较关系的插入语，也就是like their female human counterparts, 句子的主语是they，动词是个短语，也就是tend to pay much closer attention to，宾语是the value of “goods and services”，后面是个比较级，也就是 than males。

此句话的亮点在于插入语用得很漂亮，而且比较级用得很精彩，而且动词是个短语tend to pay much closer attention to，导致宾语很难找到。

【翻译】最重要的是，像人类中的女人一样，它们比公猴更关心“货物和服务”的价值。

【讲词】above all最重要的是like their female human counterparts像人类中的女人一样pay much closer attention to更关心the value of “goods and services”“货物和服务”的价值2、（2005年阅读理解）The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep when most vivid dreams occuras it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.【成分】The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep when most 宾语从句 vivid dreams occur as it is when fully awake,宾语从句 says谓语 Dr.Eric Nofzinger主语 at the定语 University of Pittsburgh.定语【析句】该句子是一个倒装句，句首是间接引语的宾语从句，其主谓结构后置，即says Dr, Eric.宾语从句的主干是个比较结构The brain is as active during REM as it is when fully awake。

2016年考研英语一阅读text 2长难句

2016年考研英语一阅读text 2长难句一、概述2016年考研英语一考试中，阅读部分的text 2中出现了一些长难句，给考生带来了一定的挑战。

长难句是指句子结构复杂，逻辑关系复杂，读起来费力的句子。

在阅读理解中，长难句往往是考生的“绊脚石”，因此我们有必要对2016年考研英语一阅读text 2中的长难句进行分析和讨论，帮助考生更好地理解和应对这些句子。

二、分析长难句在2016年考研英语一阅读text 2中，我们发现了以下几个比较具有代表性的长难句，它们分别是：1. "However, the absence of a clear and deeply rooted tradition of democratic governance," is s本人d to expl本人n, "is part of what accounts for the relative weakness of civil society in Russia."2. "The politically controlled oligarchs in the early post-Soviet period, when the emergence of the new politics of the state was still unclear, were typically loath to draw attention tothemselves."3. "The uncert本人nty about the state’s role in the economy during the 1990s was heightened by the fact that basic law and regulation were often in flux."以上三个句子分别体现了长难句在不同句子结构和逻辑关系上的复杂性。

2016考研英语阅读长难句练习

2011年硕士研究生入学考试英语辅导阅读理解魔道之争，水火不容。

然我辈常误入歧途，至于走火入魔而不知。

易筋洗骨，正本清源，不二法门之端也，篇名易筋经之深意也。

做题分三步，先本后末再选择，从我正道，勿走邪道，切记，切记。

★题型总揽题型即招数，参透对手招数，知己知彼，百战不殆。

★十大埋伏埋伏处，生与死之交也，敌欲困我于此，我偏冲出囹圄。

考场时间，分秒必争。

搜索路标，快慢有律。

遇见埋伏，三思而行。

今列出十大埋伏，皆为出题人偏爱之处，题目路标，常隐含其中。

暴露对手命门，大快朵颐。

1文章首尾，段落段首：2 转折处，对比处：（1）but，however，nevertheless，although；含蓄转折，通过过去与现在对比，或It seems that…、It‘s said that…等句型表达。

（2）more…than, not so much… as , less…than, would rather3 强烈语气处：especially, particularly, true, surprisingly,4 双重否定处：表肯定，实为强调5 列举、举例处：常出细节题、例证题。

如first, second, third…, for example, for instance,6 数字处、年代处，专有名词处：常出细节题7 因果处：连词：because of, therefore, consequently,动词：cause, result, originate from, underlie,名词：basis, result, consequence8 长难句处：常出推理题：虚拟语气处、强调句、形式主语、从句套从句、同位语、插入语、if, when等引导的条件句9 特殊标点符号处：如冒号―：‖、引号10 最高级、绝对化的词：如the best, most, worst, never, must, all, only, everyone, anything,★干扰项特点我辈常苦众多干扰，似是而非，真假难辨，实不知江湖之险恶也。

考研英语经典长难句——比较结构

考研英语经典长难句——比较结构一、长难句训练题1、There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them.2、Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.3、For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80’s, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life—growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one—as a personal recognition of your limitations.4、The “failed” experiments are as much a part of the process as the experiment that ultimately “works”.5、But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a business is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.二、长难句训练题解析1、结构分析：这是一个典型的than引导的比较结构。

2016年考研英语二真题答案及解析

Section I Use of English1、【答案】C how【解析】根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做influence的宾语。

四个选项的意思中，只有C. how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，前后意思合理。

2、【答案】B In particular【解析】空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。

空格所在句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。

很显然，前后句子是总分关系。

选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。

3、【答案】D necessary【解析】根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。

幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资_______，四个选项中只有D. necessary 做后置定语符合前后内容。

其他选项与原文内容语义不符。

4、【答案】C optimism【解析】空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C选项optimism。

5、【答案】D change【解析】空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。

选项中A. echo 回声B. miss 思念C. spoil 溺爱D. change 改变，所以只有D选项可以和the way companies invested构成通顺语义。

故D项正确。

6、【答案】B measured【解析】原文：So they compared U.S. cities' average happiness_______ by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. 所以他们比较美国城市的平均幸福,这种幸福是根据盖洛普在上市公司的投资活动地区民意调查来________。

2016考研英语：长难句“一网打尽”

2016考研英语：长难句“一网打尽”为了使分析更有针对性，我们不但剖析了英语长难句的基本句型，而且对近年来考研英语试题中出现的典型长难句进行了分析。

▶长难句基本句型近几年，考研英语出现了很多难句。

并且这些难句主要是长难句。

长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。

这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从而形成更长的难句。

虽然形成长难句之方法有四，但是目的却只有一个，就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。

下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。

一、复合从句在考研中，复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。

复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。

本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴，当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。

这种语法处理，并不是从语言学研究角度进行的，而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。

（一）简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。

套用从句，其实是最简单的长难句。

这类句子就像一根锁链，只要抓住句子的各个连接点，理出句子层次，就完全可以把握住。

在翻译定语从句时，“这（些/个）”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。

阅读时，定语从句一般可以跳过，实在不放心可以略读。

一般情况下，考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。

并列从句大致有四种情况：并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。

也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。

其实，并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同，只不过并列从句一般较长，会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。

并列从句修饰主语，就是说并列从句作状语。

这种句子很简单。

翻译时，可以直译，把从句作定语，直接放在主语前面。

如果从句很长，可以使用复指代词。

另外，翻译从句先行词时，要注意词性的转换，比如hope/suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。

考生要切忌拘于词性。

并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。

一般情况下，这些从句都不完整，多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。

2016考研英语长难句翻译练习及解析

2016考研英语：长难句翻译练习及解析2016考研英语长难句的相关知识学到现在，不知道各位考生掌握的如何，在实际操作的时候，大家可以依然是先分句翻译，然后根据上下文与段落整体逻辑进行整合串联。

下面就给举几个例子供大家练习并进行解析。

【例1】Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.译文：依赖的最初表现是不断增长的耐药量，要产生预期的效果需要的药剂量越来越大，而一旦中断使用就会出现难受的停药症状。

句子主干：Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance,…and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms复合结构：with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect时间状语从句：when the substance is discontinued【例2】It doesn’t help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert them.译文：对于那些竭力自我显示的国家和人民来说，修建高大雄伟的大坝即是某种成就的象征，然而修建大坝其实并没有多大作用。

2016年考研英语长难句模拟试题

2016年考研英语长难句模拟试题给大家整理了一些经典的长难句训练题，并附有详细的解析，希望能帮助大家。

考研英语长难句训练题：1. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in waysthat weaken the court's reputation for beingindependent and impartial.2. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted asimpartial judgements.3. At the very least, the court should make itselfsubject to the code of conduct that applies to therest of the federal judiciary.4. They gave justices permanent positions so theywould be free to upset those in power and have noneed to cultivate political support.5. Constitutional law is political because it resultsfrom choices rooted in fundamental social conceptslike liberty and property.6.When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it shapes is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily dismissed as unjust.7. The justices must address doubts about thecourt's legitimacy by making themselvesaccountable to the code of conduct.8. Laughter does produce short-term changes in the function of the heart snd its bloodvessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption.9. But because hard laughter is diffficult to suatain, agood laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefitsthe way, say, walking or jogging does.10. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry because they are sadbut they become sad when the tears begin to flow.11. In an experiment pubished in 1988, socialpsychologist Fritz Strack of the University ofWurzburg in Germany asked volunteers to hold apen either with their teeth-thereby creating anartificial smile-or with their lips, which wouldproduce a disappointed expression.12. Those forced to exercises their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funnycartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggeating thatexpressions may inflence emotions rather than just the other way around.13. Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the Hawthorne effect , the extremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changes subjects' behavior.14. Accoding to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increasd, but also it was dimmed.15. An awareness that they were being experimentedupon seemed to be enough to alter workers'sbehavior by itself.16. Contrary to the description on record, nosystematic evidence was found that levels of productivity were related to changes inlighting.考研英语长难句解析：第1题：【分析】复合句。

2016考研英语一真题及答案解析(完整版)

2016考研英语一真题及答案完整版讲解SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, _1_ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2_ a likely spouse on his own andthen ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man'sparents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in theselection. 4, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5aspouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, _ 7 _ by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _ 8 _ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each sprouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of[B]on behalf of [C]as well as [D]with regard to2.[A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on3.[A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone4.[A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example5.[A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless6.[A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through7.[A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so8.[A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create9.[A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10.[A]passing [B]lighting[C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union12. [A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for14. [A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever17.[A]changed[B]brought [C]shaped[D]pushed18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears20.[A]so [B]while [C]once [D]in thatText 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runaways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death-as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced,would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly,they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.”The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A]New runways would be constructed.[B]Physical beauty would be redefined.[C]Websites about dieting would thrive.[D]The fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A]heightening the value of.[B]indicating the state of.[C]losing faith in.[D]doing harm to.23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models’character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside”alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.”It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.”Hill’s pressures later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan”building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “housing crisis”equals “concreted meadows”is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative—the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside____[A]didn’tstart till the Shakespearean age.[B]has brought much benefit to the NHS.[C]is fully backed by the royal family.[D]is not well reflected in politics.27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being____[A]gradually destroyed.[B]effectively reinforced.[C]largely overshadowed.[D]properly protected.28. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A]Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B]The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan”building.[C]The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.[D]Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29. The author holds that George Osborne’s preference____[A]highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.[B]shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[C]stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.[D]reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.30. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of____[A]the size of population in Britain.[B]the political life in today’s Britain.[C]the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[D]the town-and-country planning in Britain.Text 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,”wrote Milton Friedman,a Nobel prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”But even if you accept Fiedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders money,things may not be absolutely clear-cut.New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies –at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms is America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR , according to an estimate by EPG,a consulting firm ,This could add value to their businesses in three ways.First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal”that a company’s products are of high quality.Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes is helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensiveCSR programmes tendedto getmore lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms' political influence, rather than their CSR stand,that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seen to influenced by a company’s record in CSR. "We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials," says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least have demonstrated that whencompanies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A] tolerance[B] skepticism[C] uncertainty[D]approval32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company[Al winning trust from consumers.[B] guarding it against malpractices.[C] protecting it from being defamed.[D] raising the quality of its products.33.Theexpression "more lenient" (Line 2, Para. 4)is closestin meaning to[Al more effective.[B] less controversial.[C] less severe.[D] more lasting.34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company's CSR record[Al has an impact on their decision.[B] comes across as reliable evidence.[C]increases the chance of being penalized.[D] constitutes part of the investigation.35. Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph ?[Al Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.[B]Thenecessaryamount of companies'spending on it is unknown.[C] Companies' financial capacityforithasbeenoverestimated.[D] Ithasbroughtmuchbenefittothebankingindustry.Text 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times cases to publish stories on newsprint .Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future “the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside ,there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print .The infrastructure required to make a physical newspapers -printing presses .delivery truck -isn’t just expensive ;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competition don’t have the same set financial constraints . Readers are migrating away from print away,And although print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lowe ,but rushing to eliminate its print editor would be a mistake ,says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting of the print business, only if they go about doing it the right away “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them “he said, “but if you discontinue it, you're going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you."Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway". Peretti gives example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. "It was seen as a blunder." he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the times? "l wouldn't pick year to end print."he said. “I would raise and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal costumer would still gel the product they favor. the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping," peretti said. "Then increase it at rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue." In other words, if you're going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year —more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription."It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. "But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market.Change and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive than less aggressive."36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due[A]the high cost of operation.[B]the pressure form its investors.[C]the complaints form its readers[D]the increasing online ad asles.37.Peretti suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times should[A]seek new sources of readership.[B]end the print edition for goog.[C]aim for efficitent management.[D]make strategic adiustments.38.It can inferred form Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy product”[A]helps restore the glory of former times.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]will have the cost of printing reduced.[D]expands the popularity of the paper39.Peretti believes that,in a changing world,[A]legacy businesses are becoming outdated[B]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[C]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[D]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A]Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B]Cherish the Newspapers Still in Your Hand[C]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[D]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in FashionPart BDirections:Reading the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A—G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41—45)，There are two extraSubheadings,Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]Create a new image of yourself[B]Have confidence in yourself[C]Decide if the time is right[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Mark it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal orinformal theworkenvironment,the way you present yourself has an impact.This isespecially truein first impressions.According to researchfrom PrincetonUniversity, people assessyour competence,Trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solelybased ontheway you look.The different between today’sworkplace and the “dress for success”era is that the range of optionsis so muchbroader. Normshaveevolvedandfragmented.In some settings, red sneakers or dress T—shirts can conveystatus;inother not somuch. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social—media services like LinkedIn.Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than adecade or two lennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding.It can beconfusing.So how do we navigate this?How do we know when to invest in anupgrade?And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals？Here are some tips:41.As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularlyhelpfulduring transitions—when looking for a new job , stepping into a new or morepublic role ,or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask forhonest feedback from trusted friends,colleagues and professionals .Look for cuesabout how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.42Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look ore “SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)43Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audience? How do the people you respect and look up to prevent themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse of friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time discussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to opinions. Buy all your clothes once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can't be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don't understand the value of mental health and we don't know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud. it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem —confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives —the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It's a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles with kindness if they are in pain and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience forourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car. or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice. We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.PartA52.Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use “LI Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the foiiowing pictures.in your essay,you should1) describe the pictures briefly,2) interpret the meaning,and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)答案：In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, as well as those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can decide on a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to arrange the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. In theory, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. After a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying into a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, but in the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and recite prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and passing a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may live with them up to a year, until they can build a new house nearby. Divorce is legal and easy to obtain, but not common. Divorced persons are viewed with some disapproval. Each spouse retains whatever property he or she brought into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is divided equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice shows up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry whilethe woman must wait ten months.21.B physical beauty22.D doing harm to23.A New Standards24.C showing little25.A A Challenge26.D is not27.A gradually destroyed28.B The Conservatives29.D reveals30.D the town31.B skeptical32.A winning33.C less severe34.A has an impact35.B The necessary36.A the high37.D make strategic38.B is meant for39.C aggressiveness40.C Make your print41.Decide if the time is right42.Know your goals43.Understand the context44.Work with professionals45.Mark it efficient46. We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.我们不必学习如何保持健康的心理；它与生俱来，正如我们的身体知道如何让伤口痊愈，如何让骨折好转。

考研英语长难句讲解第11期

考研英语长难句讲解第11期2. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow off the starting line it depends on learning—a gradual process —instead of instinct.【分析】复合句。

本句的谓语动词有三个：takes，burn 和 is。

because 引导原因状语从句，其中插入语 a gradual process 作learning的同位语，对 learning 进行补充说明。

【译文】它需要更多的给养，消耗更多的能量，而且起步比较慢，因为聪明依赖学习——一个循序渐进的过程——而不是一种本能。

【点拨】upkeep 是由“副词+动词”构成的合成词，意为“（房屋，设备等的）保养，维修；保养费，维修费”，其相应的短语 keep up 意为“继续，坚持，保持，维持”。

3. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to stop.【分析】并列复合句。

and 连接两个并列分句。

在第二个分句中，they've apparently learned 是修饰 things 的定语从句，when to stop 由“特殊疑问句词+动词不定式”构成，作表语。

【译文】很多其他的物种也能学习，而且它们显然已经学会的一件事就是何时停止学习。

【点拨】apparently 在此处的意思是“显然地”，另外一个意思是“表面上地（未必真实地）”。

语法拓展疑问代词或副词后的不定式疑问代词 who, what, which 等和疑问副词 when, where, how 等后面跟不定式，构成不定式短语。

这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。

2016年全国卷长难句分析(浪子)

准确理解长难句是考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能。

遇到长难句，我们要善于分析句子结构, 先判断句子的主干部分(主谓宾, 或主系表), 而句子的修饰、补充成分, 可以先忽略不看。

在理解了句子的主干意思后，再理解修饰、补充成分。

以下是2016年全国卷中出现的长难句：1.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解B篇) His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.分析：本句为复合句；that引导的是宾语从句，作meant的宾语；在宾语从句中包含了由whose引导的定语从句，关系词whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系。

句意：他的出现意味着课堂上我有一个意料之外的教学助手，他的创造力会感染其他学生。

2. (2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解C篇) Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.分析：Then the person leaves it in a public place为句子的主干，hoping that...是现在分词作伴随状语，that引导的是宾语从句，在宾语从句中又包含了一个现在分词短语traveling...作伴随状语；此外，在后一个伴随状语中还包含了一个由who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reader。

句意：然后，大家可以把它（书）留在一个公共场合，希望这本书经历一场冒险，随着每个发现它的新读者来一场遥远广阔的旅行。

3.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D篇) Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.分析：Shackleton started a business.为句子主干，a onetime British merchant-navy officer为Shackleton的同位语，同时作定语从句who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908的先行词，before his 1914 voyage 为时间状语，to make...为不定式作目的状语。

2016考研英语阅读理解长难句种类及命题重点

阅读命题常针对长难句。

所以很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。

下面给出一些典型的句子，建议熟读甚至背诵，以做到考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。

1、复合句When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal。

[结构分析]本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When 引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。

在主干it is advisable to find out... 中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。

[参考译文]当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为，无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常的东西。

2、并列句While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner。

2016考研英语之长难句真题练习

PART 1 Our noses arecapable of detecting human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.Strangely , some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another , whereas others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate particular smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send messages to the brain. However , it has been found that even people insensitive toa certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough. ●真题段落中有哪些闪光词汇? 生成特定气味接收器：generate particular smell receptors 发送信息给大脑：send messages to the brain 接触X足够长的时间：expose to X often enough 察觉到人的气味：detect human smells 稀释到远低于百万分之一：be diluted to far below one part in one million ●COME ON!来练练手! However , it has been found that even people (insensitive to a certain smell at first ) can suddenly become sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough. 【翻译】然而，人们发现了，即使是那些最初对某种气味不敏感的人，只要接触这种气味足够长时间，也会突然对这种气味敏感起来。

2016考研英语真题及答案详细解析(跨考教育文字版)

2016考研英语真题及答案详细解析(跨考教育文字版)2016考研英语真题及答案详细解析考研英语是考生们备战考研的重要科目之一，了解往年的真题及答案对于备考者来说至关重要。

本文将为大家带来2016年考研英语真题及答案的详细解析，希望能够帮助考生们更好地备考。

第一部分：阅读理解阅读理解是考研英语中的重点和难点之一，下面我们先来看看2016年的阅读理解题目及答案。

Passage 1题目：The influence of individualism and collectivism on motivation in the workplace答案解析：题目提到了个体主义和集体主义对工作场所动机的影响，接下来文章将从这两个方面进行详细解析。

在个体主义文化中，个人的动机往往来自于追求个人的利益和成就感，强调个体的独立性。

相反，在集体主义文化中，集体的目标和利益更重要，个体往往会为集体的利益而工作。

因此，个体主义和集体主义的不同价值导向影响了工作场所的动机。

Passage 2题目：The relationship between job satisfaction and productivity in the workplace答案解析：本题是关于工作满意度和生产力之间关系的阅读题。

文中指出，工作满意度与员工的工作效率和生产力之间存在着积极的关联。

工作满意度高的员工更愿意投入工作，更有创造力，从而提高工作的质量和效率。

因此，提高员工的工作满意度可以促进工作场所的生产力。

第二部分：完形填空完形填空是考研英语中的另一重要部分，下面我们来看2016年的完形填空题目及答案。

题目：The importance of critical thinking in today's society答案解析：本题围绕当今社会中批判性思维的重要性展开。

批判性思维是一种能力，使人们能够分析和评估信息的有效性和可靠性，从而做出明智的决策和判断。

2016年考研英语阅读长难句：三类句子结构分析

按照句⼦的结构分类，英语句⼦可分为以下三类： 1.简单句特点：只有⼀个主谓关系，句⼦可能有两个或更多的主语，也可能有两个或更多的谓语，但是句⼦中的主谓关系只有⼀个。

五种基本句型： 1)主+动(SV) 例：We succeed. 2)主+动+表(SVC) 例：Your advice is acceptable.你的建议是可接受的。

除了系动词be可构成SVC结构外，feel, taste, smell, look, get, become等动词也可以构成SVC结构。

3)主+动+宾(SVO) 例：We accomplish the mission. 构成SVO句型的谓语动词应该是及物动词。

4)主+动+宾+补(SVOC) 例：Time would prove me right.时间会证明我是对的。

5)主+动+简宾+直宾(SVOO) 例：My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了⼀件新⾐裳。

构成SVOO句型的谓语动词⼀般只限于那些能跟双宾语的及物动词，如：envy, forgive, save, ask, give, pay, borrow等。

⼩结：如⼤家能掌握了英语的这五种基本句型结构，在考研阅读中碰到很长的句⼦时，千万别被那些长句吓到，这些长句必然是包含着五种句型中的某⼀种结构，因此，遇到长句也应是先去找到句⼦的主⼲，抓住了长句的主⼲，也就是找到了准确理解长句的瓶颈。

2.并列句特点：并列句有两个或两个以上的主谓结构。

这些主谓结构之间的关系是并列的、对等的。

从语法上讲，所谓“并列”、“对等”是指任何⼀个主谓结构都能独⽴地表达意思，谁也不从属于谁。

尽管如此，这些主谓结构在意思上或逻辑上有⼀定程度的内在联系。

通过并列连词使两个或⼏个主谓结构的分句连接在⼀起。

并列连词⽤来连接平⾏对等的分句。

按照并列连词的不同意思，并列句有以下⼏种： 1)表⽰转折意思：but, yet, however, nevertheless 例：John has his shortcomings; however, that doesn’t mean he is not qualified for the job.约翰有缺点，但这不等于说他不胜任这份⼯作。

20161122考研长难句每日一句

20161122考研长难句每日一句20161122今日的考研长难句涉及多个语法现象，含并列结构、宾语从句、虚拟语气的倒装形式；因此对于基础差的同学搞懂这句话，就意味着你向考研的水平迈进了一大步！我的分答，感兴趣问问题，请长按二维码识别考研：75) For example, tests do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been, had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.句子分析：第一、句子可以拆分为三段：For example, tests do not compensate for gross social inequality, / and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been, / had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.第二、句子的结构：1)主干结构是并列句tests do not compensate for..., and thus do not tell...2) how able是表语前置，正常语序是：... youngster might have been how able3)最后一个句子是虚拟语气句的倒装结构：had he grown up under more favorable circumstances等于If he had grown up...。