主语补足语
主语补足语例子
主语补足语例子【篇一：主语补足语例子】主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语.eg.they caught boy stealing.被动语态 the boy was caught stealing.stealing 即为主语补足语被动语态后的主语补足语对于主语补足语,语法家们各有不同的看法.有的把连系动词后面的部分称作主语补足语；有的又把被动语态后的补足语称作表语,与被动语态一起称作复合谓语.笔者通过教学体会到,还是把被动语态后面的补足语称作主语补足语好些.这是因为学生很容易接受“宾语补足语”,而如果把带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句,原来补充说明宾语的部分就变成补充说明主语了.一、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的.例如：(1) i saw him playing basketball yesterday.(2) he was seen playing basketball yesterday.句（1）中的含义不是我看见他,而是我看见他正在打篮球.playing basketball是宾语him的补足语.所以叫宾语补足语.句（2）中的含义也不是他被看,而是别人看见他正在打篮球.这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语,故称作主语补足语.主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语.所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态,谓语动词是可以接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的及物动词.句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语.二、主语补足语形式种种1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语.例如：① the dog is called karl.② coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.③ he was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语.例如：① the door was painted white.② the old man was found weak.③ the classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语.例如：① he is often heard reading english.② the professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.③ the glass was found broken.④ the classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语.例如：① he was seen to come upstairs.② ice is known to be in a solid state.③ the spy was ordered to be hanged.5. 介词短语用作主语补足语.例如：① the books in the study must be kept in good order.② he was found in good health.③ english is considered of great importance for us.6. as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语.例如：① english is taken as a useful means for research work.② the news is considered as true.③ the stool is usually thought as having four legs④ the vase is thought as broken.7. 由what引导的名词性从句用作主语补足语.例如：the boy has been made what he is.三、主语补足语的判别1.看句中的动词是不是可接复合宾语,而且是不是被动语态,与此同时还要看其后部分的逻辑主语是不是句子的主语.2. 另一种最简单的方法是：如果还不能看出来就可以把全句改成主动语态,加上一个主语we或people等.改成主动语态后,看后面是不是变成了“宾语+宾语补足语”了,这样我们就可以判别原句后面是不是主语补足语.例如：被动句：she was found reading in the library. (主语补足语)主动句：we found her reading in the library. (宾语+宾语补足语)被动语态一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词our classroom is cleaned everyday.i am asked to study hard.knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词a new shop was built last year.dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词this book has been translated into many languages.many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词a new hospital will be built in our city.many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词young trees must be watered often.your mistakes should be corrected right now.the door may be locked inside.your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词uncle wang is mending my bike now.→my bike is being repaired by tom now.they are planting trees over there. →trees are being planted over there by them.7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词there are two books to be read. →there are twenty more trees to be planted.二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤：1. 先找出谓语动词；2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化.例：1. bruce writes a letter every week. →a letter is written by bruce every week.2. li lei mended the broken bike this morning.→the broken bike was mended by li lei this morning.3. he has written two novels so far.→two novels have been written by him so far.4. they will plant ten trees tomorrow.→ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5. lucy is writing a letter now.→a letter is being written by lucy now.6. you must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：1. 不及物动词无被动语态.what will happen in 100 years.the dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义.this pen writes well.this new book sells well.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上to .例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do somethinga girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→my wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.the boss made the little boy do heavy work.→the little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定.he gave me a book.→a book was given to me by him.he showed me a ticket.→a ticket was shown to me by him.my father bought me a new bike. →a new bike was bought for me by my father.5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词.we can’t laugh him. →he can’t be laugh by us.he listens to the radio every day. →the radio is listened to by him every day.the nurse is taking care of the sick man. →the sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.补充：系动词连接了主语和补语.这种结构中的补语是说明主语性状的,所以称为主语补足语.系动词作为实义动词的一类,具有本身的意义,但是在起到桥梁作用的同时,有些系动词会保持本身具有的意义,有些意义则会减弱或消失.例如：1. i tasted the soup. ( taste 为及物动词,意思为“品尝”.)2. the soup tastes wonderful. (taste 为系动词,意思为“尝起来,吃起来”,意思基本未变.)3. he went to the cinema yesterday evening. ( go 是不及物动词,意思为“去,走”.)4. at the news, he went mad. (go为系动词,失去了“go”的原义,意为“变得”.)另外,英语中还有一定数量的不及物动词,完全保留了本身的词汇意义,同时又发挥着系动词的功能.它们与主语补足成分连用,所以这类词被称为“准系动词”(quasi-linking verb or half-linking verb).用于“s+vi+cs”(s代表主语,vi代表不及物动词,cs代表主语补足语)这一句式的动词都属于这种用法.有时,主语补足语不紧跟系动词,有可能被其它状语成分隔开.以“go”为例：5. at twenty-four, tom went half-bald. ( go 为系动词,失去原义.)6. after midnight, tom went home bored.( go 为准系动词,保留原义,但同时又连接主语“tom”和主补“bored”,“home”为副词,表示地点状语.)用于这一句式的补语可以为各种形式,如名词词组(np),形容词词组(ap),介词词组(pr.p),和分词短语(pp)等.现举例如下：type1: s + vi +cs (np)7. we parted the best friends.= we were the best friends when we parted.8. i stand before you today the representative of a family in grief.= i am the representative of a family in grief when i stand before you today.类似的动词包括： come (back), die, fall, go, leave 等.type2: s + vi +cs (ap)9. they were born poor, lived poor, and poor they died.= they were poor when they were born; they were poor when they lived; they were poor when they died.10. she married young.= she was young when she married.11. the morning dawned fresh and clear after the storm at night. = when the morning dawned after the storm at night, it was fresh and clear.类似的动词包括：arrive, come (back), dawn, fall, leave, lie, marry, return, sit, stand, turn out 等.type3: s + vi +cs (pr.p)12. the parcel arrived in good condition.= when the parcel arrived, it was in good condition.13. they separated with feelings alienation.= they had feelings alienation when they separated.类似的动词包括：come, die, fall, go, leave, lie, part, return, sit, stand等.type4: s + vi +cs (p.p)14. they stood listening to him.= they stood while they were listening to him.15. he came home convinced that she was telling the truth.= he came home and he was convinced that she was telling the truth.类似的动词包括：arrive, die, fall, go, leave, lie, return, sit 等.【篇二：主语补足语例子】主语补足语：在svc（主-动-补）结构中，谓语动词随后跟有主语补足语（又叫“表语”） e.g ann is a schoolgirl.该句中的schoolgirl 就是主语ann的补足语。
宾语补足语和主语补足语
宾语补足语和主语补足语集团标准化小组：[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]宾语补足语:?某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语。
?宾语补足语有以下几类。
?1.由动词不定式充当。
多数是带to的不定式，也有不带to 的不定式。
1).要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell，ask，invite，force，get，beg，allow，wish，want，like，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，a d v i s e，p e r m i t，o r d e r，w a r n，c a u s e等。
e g.?I would prefer you not to change your plan．? 我宁愿你不要改变计划。
?They encouraged me to try again．他们鼓励我再次尝试。
??2).某些动词如think，consider，believe，know，find 等后面作宾语补足语的不定式常用to be + adj．的结构。
?e g.? We believed him to be stupid．我们认为他很笨。
? He didn”t consider himself (to be) important．? 他并不认为自己重要。
??3).某些动词如make，have，let，see，hear，watch，notice，feel等后作宾语补足语的不定式不带to。
?e g.? He made us stay for tea．他使我们留下来吃茶点。
?Let me introduce you to Miss Li．让我介绍你和李小姐认识。
?D i d y o u n o t ic e m e le a v e/l e a v i n g t h e h o u s e? 你注意到我离开了（正在离开）那房子吗？?4).变为被动语态时，不定式符号t o必须保留。
主语补足语形式种种
主语补足语形式种种1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语。
例如：① The dog is called Karl.② Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.③ He was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。
例如：① The door was painted white.② The old man was found weak.③ The classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语。
例如：① He is often heard reading English.② The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.③ The glass was found broken.④ The classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语。
例如：① He was seen to come upstairs.② Ice is known to be in a solid state.③ The spy was ordered to be hanged.5. 介词短语用作主语补足语。
例如：① The books in the study must be kept in good order.② He was found in good health.③ English is considered of great importance for us.6. as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语。
英语主语补足语和表语
英语主语补足语和表语在英语中，主语补足语和表语都是用来对主语进行补充或描述的成分。
它们在句子中具有不同的功能。
主语补足语（Subject Complement）：主语补足语是用来补充说明主语的成分，通常用于系动词（如be、seem、become等）后面，用来描述主语的状态、特征、身份等。
主语补足语可以是名词、形容词、代词、副词或介词短语。
例如：1. She is a teacher.（她是一名老师。
）- 这里的"a teacher"就是主语补足语，补充说明主语"she"的身份。
2. The sky looks cloudy.（天空看起来多云。
）- 这里的"cloudy"是主语补足语，描述主语"the sky"的状态。
表语（Predicate Complement）：表语是用来描述或补充说明谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的成分。
表语通常出现在系动词（如be、seem、appear 等）之后，用来对主语进行评述、定义、描述等。
表语可以是名词、形容词、代词、副词或介词短语。
例如：1. He is a doctor.（他是一名医生。
）- 这里的"a doctor"是表语，描述谓语动词"is"所表示的主语"he"的身份。
2. The flowers smell sweet.（花朵散发着甜美的香气。
）- 这里的"sweet"是表语，描述谓语动词"smell"所表示的主语"the flowers"的气味。
需要注意的是，主语补足语和表语在句子中的位置和使用方式有所不同，但它们的共同点是都用来对主语进行描述或补充说明。
英语中有主语补足语和宾语补足语两种补足语
英语中有主语补足语和宾语补足语两种补足语，它们主要的区别是给不同的对象添加信息。
一、主语补足语语是紧跟在联系动词之后的词或短语并添加信息，用来识别或描述句子的主语。
可以当作主语补语的通常有名词，代词，形容词或名词短语，例如：Ellen is a surgeon.艾伦是个外科医生。
解析：此句中is 是联系动词，surgeon 是主语补语，用来识别主语Ellen。
Samantha is Asian.萨曼莎是亚洲人。
At 18, Victoria became the Queen of England.18岁时，维多利亚成为英国女王。
She is a liar.她是个骗子。
Breakfast is his favourite meal.早餐是他最喜欢的一餐。
Her mother looks friendly.她母亲看起来很友好。
I am exhausted.我累坏了。
二、宾语补足语是跟在直接宾语后面的词或短语并添加信息，用来解释，重命名或是修改直接宾语，它解释直接宾语变成了什么。
可以当宾语补足语的通常有形容词及形容词短语，带to 的不定式，不带to 的不定式，名词及名词短语，现在分词或过去分词，例如：They made him supervisor.他们任命他为主管。
解析：此句supervisor 是直接宾语him 的宾语补足语，它添加关于him 的额外信息。
I painted his face green.我把他的脸涂成绿色。
解析：此句green 是直接宾语his face 的宾语补足语，它用来解释his face 的状态。
They did not expect us to win an award. 他们没想到我们会得奖。
This dress makes me look fat.这衣服我穿着显胖。
I heard someone singing.我听到有人在唱歌。
We're having our car repaired.我们的车正在修理。
(完整版)主语补足语小结【卧龙雪痕】
语法：主语补足语小结【卧龙雪痕】其中，形容词，名词、数词、不定式，分词，介词短语，从句可作主语补足语。
参考百度百科知识总结。
1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接【名词】用作主语补足语。
例如：①The dog is called Karl.②Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.③He was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接【形容词】用作主语补足语。
例如：①The door was painted white.②The old man was found weak.③The classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接【分词】用作主语补足语。
例如：①He is often heard reading English.②The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.③The glass was found broken.④The classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的【不定式】用作主语补足语。
例如：①He was seen to come upstairs.②Ice is known to be in a solid state.③The spy was ordered to be hanged.5. 【介词短语】用作主语补足语。
主语的补语
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宾语的补语 1.不定式(to do) Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩 耍。 We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。
2.名词 At the meeting we elected him monitor. I think that your brother is a clever boy
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3.形容词 What you said made Xiao Wang angry. I found the classroom empty 4.副词 Please call the students back at once. He was seen to take his cap off 5.现在分词 We hear him singing in the hall. I found him lying in bed, sleeping. 6.过去分词 He saw his face reflected in the water. I heard it spoken of in the next room.
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句（1）中的含义不是我看见他，而是我看见他正在打篮球。playing basketball是宾语him的补足语。所以叫宾语补足语。 句（2）中的含义也不是他被看，而是别人看见他正在打篮球。这里 的playing basketball是主语he的补足语，故称作主语补足语。主语和 主语补足语一起称作复合主语。所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被 动语态，谓语动词是可以接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的及物动 词。句首的主语就是主语补足语的联系 1、主动语态中的宾语补足语，可以转化为被动语态中的主语补足语 eg. They caught the boy stealing. （stealing 作为宾语补足语） 转化为被动语态 The boy was caught stealing. （stealing转化为主语 补足语） 2、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。 例如： (1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday. (2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday
主语补足语的五种形式
主语补足语的五种形式主语补足语是指在句子中用来补充或说明主语的成分。
它可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或从句等形式。
本文将详细介绍主语补足语的五种形式，并通过一些例句进行说明。
1. 名词作主语补足语名词作为主语补足语时，通常用于说明主语的身份、职业、状态等。
名词作主语补足语时，与主语之间存在着一种等同关系。
例句： - My father is a doctor.（我的父亲是一名医生。
） - The winner of the competition is Tom.（比赛的获胜者是汤姆。
）2. 形容词作主语补足语形容词作为主语补足语时，用于描述或修饰主语的特征、性质等。
形容词作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种系动关系。
例句： - She is beautiful.（她很漂亮。
） - The cake smells delicious.（蛋糕闻起来很香。
）3. 副词作主语补足语副词作为主语补足语时，用于修饰主语的方式、程度、频率等。
副词作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种状态或行为关系。
例句： - He ran quickly.（他跑得很快。
） - The dog barks loudly.（狗叫得很大声。
）4. 介词短语作主语补足语介词短语作为主语补足语时，用于表示主语的位置、方向、时间等。
介词短语作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种关系。
例句： - The book is on the table.（书在桌子上。
） - They went to the park yesterday.（他们昨天去了公园。
）5. 从句作主语补足语从句作为主语补足语时，用于说明或解释主句的内容。
从句作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种关联关系。
例句： - What he said is true.（他说的是真的。
） - Whether she will come or not is uncertain.（她是否会来还不确定。
主语补足语
一.主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语。
eg.They caught the boy stealing.被动语态The boy was caught stealing.stealing 即为主语补足语被动语态后的主语补足语二.主语补足语的判别1.看句中的动词是不是可接复合宾语，而且是不是被动语态2.另一种最简单的方法是：如果还不能看出来就可以把全句改成主动语态，加上一个主语we或people等。
改成主动语态后，看后面是不是变成了“宾语+宾语补足语”了，这样我们就可以判别原句后面是不是主语补足语。
e.g.被动句：She was found reading in the library. (主语补足语) 主动句：We found her reading in the library. (宾语+宾语补足语)三.主语补足语形式种种1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语。
例如：① The dog is called Karl.②Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight. ③ He was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。
例如：①The door was painted white. ②The old man was found weak. ③The classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语。
例如：①He is often heard reading English. ②The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab. ③The glass was found broken. ④ The classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语。
英语补足语
英语补足语
英语的补语有最常见的是宾语补足语，主语补足语。
英语补语的作用对象是主语和宾语，具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能，在句法上是不可或缺的。
补语是起补充说明作用的成分。
最常见的是宾语补足语。
名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补。
宾语补足语和主语补足语联系说明
1、主动语态中的宾语补足语，可以转化为被动语态中的主语补足语。
例如：They caught the boy stealing。
（stealing 作为宾语补足语）转化为被动语态，The boy was caught stealing。
那男孩偷东西被抓了。
（stealing转化为主语补足语）
2、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。
例如：I saw him playing basketball yesterday。
不是我看见他，而是我看见他正在打篮球。
playing basketball是宾语him的补足语。
所以叫宾语补足语。
主补即主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语
主补即主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语。
eg.They caught boy stealing.被动语态The boy was caught stealing.stealing 即为主语补足语被动语态后的主语补足语对于主语补足语，语法家们各有不同的看法。
有的把连系动词后面的部分称作主语补足语；有的又把被动语态后的补足语称作表语，与被动语态一起称作复合谓语。
笔者通过教学体会到，还是把被动语态后面的补足语称作主语补足语好些。
这是因为学生很容易接受“宾语补足语”，而如果把带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句，原来补充说明宾语的部分就变成补充说明主语了。
一、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。
例如：(1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.(2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.句（1）中的含义不是我看见他，而是我看见他正在打篮球。
playing basketball 是宾语him的补足语。
所以叫宾语补足语。
句（2）中的含义也不是他被看，而是别人看见他正在打篮球。
这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语，故称作主语补足语。
主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语。
所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态，谓语动词是可以接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的及物动词。
句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语。
二、主语补足语形式种种1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语。
例如：①The dog is called Karl.②Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.③He was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。
主语补足语的五种形式
主语补足语的五种形式主语补足语是指在句子中用来补充说明或描述主语的成分。
它可以是名词、形容词、介词短语、副词或从句等形式。
在英语中，主语补足语经常用来描述主语的身份、状态、特征或感受。
本文将详细介绍主语补足语的五种形式，并举例说明其用法。
1. 名词补足语名词补足语是指用名词来补充说明主语的身份、职业、身体状态等。
它通常出现在系动词（如be, become, seem, appear等）后面，起到进一步说明主语的作用。
例如：•She is a doctor.（她是一名医生。
）•He became a teacher.（他成为了一名教师。
）•They seem happy.（他们看起来很开心。
）名词补足语可以是单词，也可以是名词短语。
它们可以用来描述主语的身份、职业、国籍等。
2. 形容词补足语形容词补足语是指用形容词来补充说明主语的特征、状态或感受。
它通常出现在系动词后面，与主语之间用连系动词（如be, feel, look, seem等）连接。
例如：•She is happy.（她很开心。
）•He feels tired.（他感到疲倦。
）•The flowers smell fragrant.（花儿闻起来香气扑鼻。
）形容词补足语可以用来描述主语的感受、外貌、状态等。
3. 介词短语补足语介词短语补足语是指用介词短语来补充说明主语的位置、方向、目的等。
它通常出现在系动词后面，与主语之间用连系动词连接。
例如：•The cat is on the table.（猫在桌子上。
）•She looked at me angrily.（她生气地看着我。
）•He ran to the park.（他跑向公园。
）介词短语补足语可以用来描述主语的位置、方向、目的等。
4. 副词补足语副词补足语是指用副词来补充说明主语的程度、方式或原因。
它通常出现在系动词后面，与主语之间用连系动词连接。
例如：•She is extremely beautiful.（她非常漂亮。
补语(主补、宾补、定语、状语的区别、宾补的位置)
⑦不定式：The book is believed to be uninteresting.
⑧动名词：This is called turning things upside down. 这叫做把事物颠倒了。（turning…说明This是什么,是主语补语）（动名词作主补时，就像名词作宾补那样，用来表示主语“是什么”。））
I'll be back in a minute. 我一会儿就回来（带有动态性质性质的副词back(回来),home(回家).away(离开)等作表语）
Is that so？ 是那样吗？（其他副词作表语）
⑥介词短语
I am at home.（at home 是介词短语作表语）
⑦不定式（①将来的具体动作；②主语表语对称表条件结果；③主语为特定词duty等）
⑧动名词（①抽象的一般性行为；②名பைடு நூலகம்性质，可与主语对调位置，意思正确）
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。（teaching是动名词作表语，①表示抽象的一般性的行为②动名词是名词性质 ，可与主语互换位置，意思不变且正确）
⑨现在分词（①形容词性质，与主语对调位置，意思错误；②主谓关系）
4状语
⑴（特殊主谓）主系表中的状语：
He is here，tired。（is是系动词；here是地点副词作表语；is here 构成复合谓语；tired是伴随状语）
⑵（其他）主谓中的状语：
He came back，tired.（came意为来，此处是实义动词，是不及物动词，单独作谓语；back，tired都是状语，伴随状语）
主语补足语例句
主语补足语例句
1. 哇塞，你看“他看起来很累”，这里的“很累”就是主语补足语呀！就像你跑完步后看起来气喘吁吁一样。
2. 嘿，“她笑起来真美”，“真美”不就是在补充说明她笑起来的状态嘛，这多明显呀！就如同春天绽放的花朵那般迷人。
3. 听听这个，“他们站在那里一动不动”，“一动不动”不就是在描述他们呀，这难道不好理解吗？就像雕塑一样安静。
4. 哎呀，“他哭得很伤心”，“很伤心”就是对他哭的补充呀，就跟失去了最心爱的东西似的。
5. 瞧，“她唱得非常好听”，“非常好听”不就是在强调她唱歌的效果嘛，这就好像夜莺在歌唱一样美妙。
6. 哇哦，“这只猫睡在沙发上很惬意”，“很惬意”就是在说猫的状态呀，不就跟我们悠闲地躺在摇椅上一样嘛。
7. 嘿呀，“他走路的样子好帅”，“好帅”不就是在形容他走路嘛，就像模特走在 T 台上一样潇洒。
8. 咦，“她生气的时候脸红红的”，“脸红红的”不就是在描述她生气的样子嘛，像个红苹果似的。
9. 哟，“他回答问题很自信”，“很自信”就是在补充他回答问题时的表现呀，如同站在舞台上的明星一样耀眼。
10. 哈哈，“孩子们玩得很开心”，“很开心”不就是在讲孩子们玩的状态嘛，就好像在童话世界里尽情嬉戏一样。
我的观点结论：主语补足语真的很有趣呀，能让我们的表达更加丰富生动呢！。
宾语补足语和主语补足语
宾语补足语:某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语。
宾语补足语有以下几类。
1.由动词不定式充当。
多数是带to的不定式，也有不带to的不定式。
1).要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell，ask，invite，force，get，beg，allow，wish，want，like，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，advise，permit，order，warn，cause等。
eg.I would prefer you not to change your plan．我宁愿你不要改变计划。
They encouraged me to try again．他们鼓励我再次尝试。
2).某些动词如think，consider，believe，know，find等后面作宾语补足语的不定式常用to be + adj．的结构。
eg.We believed him to be stupid．我们认为他很笨。
He didn”t consider himself (to be) important．他并不认为自己重要。
3).某些动词如make，have，let，see，hear，watch，notice，feel 等后作宾语补足语的不定式不带to。
eg.He made us stay for tea．他使我们留下来吃茶点。
Let me introduce you to Miss Li．让我介绍你和李小姐认识。
Did you notice me leave/leaving the house你注意到我离开了（正在离开）那房子吗？4).变为被动语态时，不定式符号to必须保留。
eg.People who won”t work should be made to work．必须要不愿工作的人工作。
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主语补足语
主动语态中的宾语补足语，可以转化为被动语态中的主语补足语。
eg. they caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作为宾语补足语)
转变为被动语态the boy was caught stealing. (stealing转变居多语补齐语)
被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。
例如：
(1) i saw him playing basketball yesterday.
(2) he was seen playing basketball yesterday.
句(1)中的含义不是我看到他，而是我看到他正在打篮球。
playing basketball就是宾语him的补齐语。
所以叫做宾语补齐语。
句(2)中的含义也不是他被看，而是别人看见他正在打篮球。
这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语，故称作主语补足语。
主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语。
所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态，谓语动词是可以接复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的及物动词。
句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语。
1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用做主语补齐语。
比如：
① the dog is called karl.
② coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.
③ he was found the right man for the job.
2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用做主语补齐语。
比如：
① the door was painted white.
② the old man was found weak.
③ the classroom is always kept clean every day.
3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面直奔分词用做主语补齐语。
比如：
① he is often heard reading english.
② the professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.
③ the glass was found broken.
④ the classroom was found crowded with people.
4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主
语补足语。
例如：
① he was seen to come upstairs.
② ice is known to be in a solid state.
③ the spy was ordered to be hanged.
5.介词短语用作主语补足语。
例如：
① the books in the study must be kept in good order.
② he was found in good health.
③ english is considered of great importance for us.
6. as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语。
例如：
① english is taken as a useful means for research work.
② the news is considered as true.
③ the stool is usually thought as having four legs
④ the vas e is thought as broken.
7. 由what鼓励的名词性从句用做主语补齐语。
比如：
the boy has been made what he is.
1.看看句中的动词是不是可至无机宾语，而且是不是被动语态，与此同时还要看看其
后部分的逻辑主语是不是句子的主语。
2. 另一种最简单的方法是：如果还不能看出来就可以把全句改成主动语态，加上一
个主语we或people等。
改成主动语态后，看后面是不是变成了“宾语+宾语补足语”了，这样我们就可以判别原句后面是不是主语补足语。
例如：
被动句：she was found reading in the library. (主语补齐语)。