主语补足语例子
2024年中考英语三轮复习学案宾语补足语和主语补足语考点总结
2024年中考英语三轮复习学案宾语补足语和主语补足语考点总结主语补足语和宾语补足语的主要区别在于，主语补足语为主语增加信息，而宾语补足语为直接宾语增加额外信息。
补足语是从句结构的五大要素之一。
它们对于完成给定从句的含义是必要的。
此外，它们通常会添加更多关于从句或句子的主语或宾语的信息。
此外，补足语主要有两种类型：主语补足语和宾语补足语。
主语补足语主语补足语是连接动词后面的单词或短语，用于识别或描述句子的主语。
事实上，主语补足语的主要功能是描述或重命名主语。
主语补足语可以是名词、代词或形容词。
然而，它也可以是名词短语，例如：E l l e n i s a s ur ge o n.艾伦是一名外科医生。
在上面的句子中，连接动词是i s（动词t o be），名词s u r geo n是主语补足语，它表示主语El l en。
此外，主语补足语还有两种类型，即谓语主格（p r ed i c a t i v en om i n at i v e）和谓语形容词（pr e di c at i v e a dj e ct i v e）。
在谓语主格中，名词或名词短语充当主语补足语。
这种类型的补足语识别、定义和重命名主语。
在谓语形容词中，形容词或形容词短语充当主语补足语。
此外，这有助于描述主语，例如（下划线部分）：▪S am a nt h a i s As i a n.▪A t 18, V i c t o ri a b e ca m e t h e Q u e en o f En gl a nd.▪S h e i s a l i a r.▪B r e a k f as t i s hi s f avo u ri t e m e al.▪H e r m ot he r l o o ks fr i en dl y.▪I a m ex h au st ed.宾语补足语宾语补足语是一个单词或短语，它紧跟在句子的直接宾语后面，并添加更多关于宾语的信息。
主语谓语宾语补语定语状语举例
主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语、状语举例1.【主语】：就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者.它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题.如：我看电视.“我”就是这句子的主语.主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当.⑴妈妈回来了.⑵今天是星期天.⑶大海掀起滚滚的波涛.⑷小明病了.⑸ 燕子飞回来了.2.【谓语】：说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样.它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题.如如：我看电视.“看”就是这句子的谓语.谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型.其他例子自己可举一反三.3.【宾语】指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格.还如上例：我看电视.“电视”就是这句子的宾语. 需要说明的是：只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语.4.【补语】：补充说明主语或宾语的成份,补充说明主语的叫主语补足语,补充宾语叫宾语补足语如：他把我逗笑了.我激动得哭了.“哭了”即为补语.5.【定语】：修饰限定名字、代词的词,说明所修饰词的性质、特征等.如：美丽的村庄静静地睡了“美丽的”为定语.6.【状语】：修饰动词、副词、形容词甚至整句,说明谓语动作发生的时间、地点、方式、伴随状况、目的等等.如：他在灯下看书.“在灯下”是状语.小学语文基础知识点复习归纳总结（一）关联词1、关联词语的意义能够把两个或者两个以上在意义上有密切联系的句子连接起来组成比较复杂的句子的词语，就是关联词语。
恰当的使用关联词语，能使我们在说话或者协作时达到较好的表达效果。
2、常见的关联词语类型并列关系——分句之间是并列的既……又……那么……那么……一边……一边……有的……有的……不是……而是……递进关系——后一分句的意思比前一分句的意思更进一层。
不但……而且……不仅……还……不但……还……不光……还…………甚至……不仅……还……选择关系——表示要在前后两个分句中所说的情况中选择一种。
主语谓语宾语补语定语状语举例
主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语、状语举例1. 【主语】：就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者.它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题.如：我看电视.“我”就是这句子的主语.主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当.⑴妈妈回来了.⑵今天是星期天.⑶大海掀起滚滚的波涛.⑷小明病了.⑸ 燕子飞回来了.2. 【谓语】：说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样.它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题.如如：我看电视.“看”就是这句子的谓语.谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型.其他例子自己可举一反三.3. 【宾语】指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格.还如上例：我看电视.“电视”就是这句子的宾语. 需要说明的是：只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语.4. 【补语】：补充说明主语或宾语的成份,补充说明主语的叫主语补足语,补充宾语叫宾语补足语如：他把我逗笑了.我激动得哭了.“哭了”即为补语.5. 【定语】：修饰限定名字、代词的词,说明所修饰词的性质、特征等.如：美丽的村庄静静地睡了“美丽的”为定语.6. 【状语】：修饰动词、副词、形容词甚至整句,说明谓语动作发生的时间、地点、方式、伴随状况、目的等等.如：他在灯下看书.“在灯下”是状语.小学语文基础知识点复习归纳总结（一）关联词1、关联词语的意义能够把两个或者两个以上在意义上有密切联系的句子连接起来组成比较复杂的句子的词语，就是关联词语。
恰当的使用关联词语，能使我们在说话或者协作时达到较好的表达效果。
2、常见的关联词语类型并列关系——分句之间是并列的既……又……那么……那么……一边……一边……有的……有的……不是……而是…… 递进关系——后一分句的意思比前一分句的意思更进一层。
不但……而且……不仅……还……不但……还……不光……还…………甚至……不仅……还…… 选择关系——表示要在前后两个分句中所说的情况中选择一种。
主语补足语例子
主语补足语例子【篇一：主语补足语例子】主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语.eg.they caught boy stealing.被动语态 the boy was caught stealing.stealing即为主语补足语被动语态后的主语补足语关于主语补足语 ,语法家们各有不一样的见解 .有的把连系动词后边的部分称作主语补足语；有的又把被动语态后的补足语称作表语 ,与被动语态一同称作复合谓语 .笔者经过教课领会到 ,仍是把被动语态后边的补足语称作主语补足语好些 .这是由于学生很简单接受“宾语补足语”,而假如把带有宾语补足语的句子变为被动句 ,本来增补说明宾语的部分就变为增补说明主语了 .一、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是亲密有关的. 比如：(1)i saw him playing basketball yesterday.(2)he was seen playing basketball yesterday.句（ 1）中的含义不是我看见他 ,而是我看见他正在打篮球 .playing basketball 是宾语 him 的补足语 .因此叫宾语补足语 .句（2）中的含义也不是他被看,而是他人看见他正在打篮球 .这里的playing basketball 是主语he 的补足语,故称作主语补足语 .主语和主语补足语一同称作复合主语 .因此含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态 ,谓语动词是能够接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的及物动词. 句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语.二、主语补足语形式各种1. 动词 elect, call, name, make, find, leave 等后边常接名词用作主语补足语 .比如：①the dog is called karl.②coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.③ he was found the right man for the job.2. 动词 keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider,wipe 等后边常接形容词用作主语补足语.比如：①the door was painted white.② the old man was found weak.③ the classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词 see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后边接分词用作主语补足语.比如：① he is often heard reading english.②the professor was seen making an experiment inthe chemistry lab.③ the glass was found broken.④ the classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词 see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后边接带to 的不定式用作主语补足语.比如：①he was seen to come upstairs.②ice is known to be in a solid state.③ the spy was ordered to be hanged.5. 介词短语用作主语补足语 .比如：① the books in the study must be kept in good order.②he was found in good health.③english is considered of great importance for us.6.as 后边接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语.比如：①english is taken as a useful means for research work.② the news is considered as true.③ the stool is usually thought as having four legs④ the vase is thought as broken.7. 由 what 指引的名词性从句用作主语补足语.比如：the boy has been made what he is.三、主语补足语的鉴别1.看句中的动词是否是可接复合宾语,并且是否是被动语态,与此同时还要看后来部分的逻辑主语是否是句子的主语.2.另一种最简单的方法是：假如还不可以看出来就能够把全句改成主动语态 ,加上一个主语 we 或 people 等 .改成主动语态后 ,看后边是否是变为了“宾语 +宾语补足语”了,这样我们就能够鉴别原句后边是否是主语补足语 .比如：被动句： she was found reading in the library. (主语补足语)主动句： we found her reading in the library. (宾语+宾语补足语) 被动语态一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般此刻时的被动语态组成：is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词our classroom is cleaned everyday.i am asked to study hard.knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态组成：was / were +及物动词的过去分词a new shop was built last year.dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 此刻达成时的被动语态组成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词this book has been translated into many languages.many man-made satellites have been sent up into space bymany countries.4. 一般未来时的被动语态组成： will+ be + anew hospital will be built in our city. manymore trees will be planted next year.及物动词的过去分词5. 含有神态动词的被动语态组成：神态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词young trees must be watered often.your mistakes should be corrected right now.the door may be locked inside.your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 此刻进行时的被动语态组成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词uncle wang is mending my bike now.→my bike is being repaired by tom now.they are planting trees over there.→trees are being planted over there by them.7.不定式的被动语态： to + be + 及物动词的过去分词there are two books to be read.→there are twenty more trees to be planted.二、如何把主动语态改成被动语态把主动语态改为被动语态特别简单1. 先找出谓语动词；2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化.?,能够按照以下几个步骤：例： 1. bruce writes a letter every week. →a letter is written bybruce every week.2. li lei mended the broken bike this morning.was mended by li lei this morning.→ the broken bike3. he has written two novels so far. → two novels have been written by him so far.4. they will plant ten trees tomorrow. → ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5. lucy is writing a letter now. → a letter is being written by lucy now.6. you must lock the door when you leave. → the door must be locked when you leave.三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：1.不及物动词无被动语态 .what will happen in 100 years.the dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义 .this pen writes well.this new book sells well.3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略 to 的动词不定式 ,主动语态中不带 to ,但变为被动语态时 ,须加上 to .例： make somebody do something →somebody+ be +made todo somethingsee somebody do something→ somebody +be +seen to dosomethinga girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→ my wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.the boss made the little boy do heavy work.→the little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.4.假如是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时 ,直接宾语 (物)作主语 ,那么动词后要用介词 ,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定 .he gave me a book.→ a book was given to me by him.he showed me a ticket.→ a ticket was shown to me by him.my father bought me a new bike. →a new bike was bought for meby my father.5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时 ,动词短语应该看作一个整体 ,而不可以扔掉此中的介词或副词 .we can ’ t laugh him.→ he can’ t be laugh by us.he listens to the radio every day.→ the radio is listened to by him every day.the nurse is taking care of the sick man.→the sick man isbeing taken care of by the nurse.增补：系动词连结了主语和补语 .这种构造中的补语是说明主语性状的,因此称为主语补足语 .系动词作为实义动词的一类,拥有自己的意义,可是在起到桥梁作用的同时,有些系动词会保持自己拥有的意义,有些意义则会减弱或消逝 .比如：1. i tasted the soup. ( taste为及物动词,意思为“品味”.)2. the soup tastes wonderful. (taste为系动词,意思为“尝起来,吃起来”,意思基本未变 .)3. he went to the cinema yesterday evening. ( go是不及物动词, 意思为“去,走”.)4. at the news, he went mad. (go为系动词,失掉了“go”的原义,意为“变得”.), 此外 ,英语中还有必定数目的不及物动词,完整保存了自己的词汇意义同时又发挥着系动词的功能.它们与主语补足成分连用,因此这种词被称为“准系动词”(quasi-linking verb or half-linking verb).用于“ s+vi+cs ”代(s表主语 ,vi 代表不及物动词 ,cs 代表主语补足语 )这一句式的动词都属于这种用法 .有时 ,主语补足语不紧跟系动词 ,有可能被其余状语成分分开 .以“go”为例：5. at twenty-four, tom went half-bald. ( go为系动词,失掉原义.)6. after midnight, tom went home bored.( go为准系动词,保存原义,但同时又连结主语“tom”和主补“bored ”, “home为”副词 ,表示地址状语 .)用于这一句式的补语能够为各样形式,如名词词组 (np), 形容词词组(ap), 介词词组 (pr.p), 和分词短语 (pp) 等.现举比以下：type1: s + vi +cs (np)7. we parted the best friends.= we were the best friends when we parted.8.i stand before you today the representative of a familyin grief.= i am the representative of a family in grief when i standbefore you today.近似的动词包含：come (back), die, fall, go, leave等.type2: s + vi +cs (ap)=they were poor when they were born; they were poorwhen they lived; they were poor when they died.10. she married young.=she was young when she married.11.the morning dawned fresh and clear after the storm at night.= when the morning dawned after the storm at night, it wasfresh and clear.近似的动词包含： arrive, come (back), dawn, fall, leave, lie, marry, return, sit, stand, turn out等.type3: s + vi +cs (pr.p)12. the parcel arrived in good condition.=when the parcel arrived, it was in good condition.13. they separated with feelings alienation.=they had feelings alienation when they separated.近似的动词包含： come, die, fall, go, leave, lie, part, return, sit, stand 等 .type4: s + vi +cs (p.p)14. they stood listening to him.= they stood while they were listening to him.15. he came home convinced that she was telling the truth.= he came home and he was convinced that she was tellingthe truth.近似的动词包含：arrive, die, fall, go, leave, lie, return, sit等.【篇二：主语补足语例子】主语补足语：在svc（主-动-补）构造中，谓语动词随后跟有主语补足语（又叫“表语”） e.g ann is a schoolgirl.该句中的schoolgirl 就是主语 ann 的补足语。
主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语、状语举例
主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语、状语举例1.【主语】：就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者.它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题.如：我看电视.“我”就是这句子的主语.主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当.⑴妈妈回来了.⑵今天是星期天.⑶大海掀起滚滚的波涛.⑷小明病了.⑸燕子飞回来了.2.【谓语】：说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样.它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题.如如：我看电视.“看”就是这句子的谓语.谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型.其他例子自己可举一反三.3.【宾语】指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格.还如上例：我看电视.“电视”就是这句子的宾语.需要说明的是：只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语.4.【补语】：补充说明主语或宾语的成份,补充说明主语的叫主语补足语,补充宾语叫宾语补足语.如：他把我逗笑了.我激动得哭了.“哭了”即为补语.5.【定语】：修饰限定名字、代词的词,说明所修饰词的性质、特征等.如：美丽的村庄静静地睡了.“美丽的”为定语.6.【状语】：修饰动词、副词、形容词甚至整句,说明谓语动作发生的时间、地点、方式、伴随状况、目的等等.如：他在灯下看书.“在灯下”是状语.小学语文基础知识点复习归纳总结（一）关联词1、关联词语的意义能够把两个或者两个以上在意义上有密切联系的句子连接起来组成比较复杂的句子的词语，就是关联词语。
恰当的使用关联词语，能使我们在说话或者协作时达到较好的表达效果。
2、常见的关联词语类型并列关系——分句之间是并列的既……又……那么……那么……一边……一边……有的……有的……不是……而是……递进关系——后一分句的意思比前一分句的意思更进一层。
不但……而且……不仅……还……不但……还……不光……还…………甚至……选择关系——表示要在前后两个分句中所说的情况中选择一种。
补语(主补、宾补、定语、状语的区别、宾补的位置)
⑦不定式：The book is believed to be uninteresting.
⑧动名词：This is called turning things upside down. 这叫做把事物颠倒了。（turning…说明This是什么,是主语补语）（动名词作主补时，就像名词作宾补那样，用来表示主语“是什么”。））
I'll be back in a minute. 我一会儿就回来（带有动态性质性质的副词back(回来),home(回家).away(离开)等作表语）
Is that so？ 是那样吗？（其他副词作表语）
⑥介词短语
I am at home.（at home 是介词短语作表语）
⑦不定式（①将来的具体动作；②主语表语对称表条件结果；③主语为特定词duty等）
⑧动名词（①抽象的一般性行为；②名பைடு நூலகம்性质，可与主语对调位置，意思正确）
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。（teaching是动名词作表语，①表示抽象的一般性的行为②动名词是名词性质 ，可与主语互换位置，意思不变且正确）
⑨现在分词（①形容词性质，与主语对调位置，意思错误；②主谓关系）
4状语
⑴（特殊主谓）主系表中的状语：
He is here，tired。（is是系动词；here是地点副词作表语；is here 构成复合谓语；tired是伴随状语）
⑵（其他）主谓中的状语：
He came back，tired.（came意为来，此处是实义动词，是不及物动词，单独作谓语；back，tired都是状语，伴随状语）
高中英语高考复习语法知识讲解(主语+补语+表语)
高考英语语法知识讲解一、主语我们来看这几个句子：1.The girl always gets up early.这个女孩总是早起。
句子1中，the girl是一个名词（短语），是get up这个动作的发出者，是句子的主语。
2.She always gets up early.她总是早起。
句子2中，she是一个代词，是get up这个动作的发出者，是句子的主语。
3.Getting up early is her habit.早起是她的习惯。
在句子3中，getting up early是一个动名词（短语），放在is前面，是句子所陈述的对象，是句子的主语。
4.To get up early is her purpose.早起是她的目的。
在句子4中，to get up early是一个不定式（短语），放在is前面，是句子所陈述的对象，是句子的主语。
5.When she should get up is a problem for her.几点起床对她来说是一个问题。
在句子5中，when she should get up 是一个句子，放在is前面，是句子所陈述的对象，是句子的主语。
6.When to get up is a problem for her.几点起床对她来说是一个问题。
在句子6中，when to get up是一个疑问词+to do 构成的名词短语，放在is前面，是句子所陈述的对象，是句子的主语。
所以，我们会发现，英语中，主语通常位于谓语动词之前，可以是一个名词（短语），代词，不定式（短语），动名词（短语），也可以是一个句子（主语从句）。
【对比句子1和句子2】我们会发现，句子2中的主语是代词，句子1中的主语是名词。
代词的本质是名词，通常用来指代上文提到的名词。
如：This girl is called Mary.She always gets up early.she用来代指上文中出现的Mary，其实本质上还是名词。
be considered 主语补足语
在这篇文章中，我将围绕“be considered 主语补足语”这一主题展开讨论。
让我们来了解一下这个主题的基本概念。
在英语中，“be considered”是一个常见的结构，用来表示某人或某物的某种身份、地位或性质。
而补足语则是用来补充说明主语的成分，通常是名词、形容词或代词。
“be considered 主语补足语”的结构可以理解为在句子中使用“be considered”来说明主语的身份、地位或性质。
接下来，我将从不同角度和层次深入探讨这一主题，帮助你更全面地理解和运用这一结构。
1.基本概念让我们从基本概念入手，了解“be considered 主语补足语”在句子中的作用和用法。
句子“He is considered a genius.”中，“is considered”说明了主语“he”的身份，即被认为是一个天才。
这种结构可以帮助我们更准确地表达某人或某物的特定身份或地位，从而丰富句子的表达能力。
2.语法结构分析让我们深入分析“be considered 主语补足语”结构的语法特点。
在这种结构中，动词“be”和形容词“considered”构成了被动语态，后接名词、形容词或代词作为补足语。
这种句式的运用可以使句子更具表现力和变化，使表达方式更加丰富多样。
举个例子，句子“We are considered a reliable partner.”中，“are considered”构成了被动语态，而“a reliable partner”则是补足语，表示了我们被认为是可靠的合作伙伴。
3.使用注意事项在学习和运用“be considered 主语补足语”结构时，也需要注意一些细节和注意事项。
要注意动词形式和补足语之间的一致性。
句子“They are considered talented.”中，“are considered”和“talented”在形式上要保持一致。
要注意上下文的语境和逻辑，确保使用该结构时能够符合句子的整体逻辑和表达需求。
补语的例子
补语的例子
主语的补语：
The plan landed safe. 这架飞机安全着陆。
（safe 就是主语的补足语）
He died young. 他英年早逝。
（young 就是主语的补足语）补语包括主语补语和宾语补语。
宾补也可以是从句，即宾补从句。
如：宾语的补语
We made him copy the sentence. 我们让他抄写这个句子。
（copy the sentence就是宾语的补足语）
Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
（不定式就是宾语的`补足语）
You can call me what / whatever you like. 你叫我什么都行。
（从句what / whatever you like就是宾语的补足语）
We will soon make our city what your city is now. 我们很快就会把我们的城市建设成你们现在城市的样子。
（从句what your city is now就是宾语的补足语）。
表语 补足语
表语和补足语都是英语语法中的术语。
表语是一个句子中用来描述主语状态的词或者短语。
它通常是位于系动词（如"is", "am", "are", "was", "were" 等）后面的名词、形容词、介词短语或从句。
例如：
- The sky is blue. （天空是蓝色的。
）
- He was very happy. （他非常高兴。
）
补足语则是对主语进行补充说明的成分，它可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语或从句。
补足语可以分为两种类型：直接补足语和间接补足语。
直接补足语是对动作的承受者的描述，而间接补足语是对动作本身的描述。
例如：
- They made me their leader. （他们让我成为他们的领导者。
）在这个例子中，“me”是直接补足语，因为它描述了“他们”的动作的对象。
“their leader”是间接补足语，因为它描述了“made”的结果。
- She painted the room white. （她把房间漆成了白色。
）在这个例子中，“white”是直接补足语，因为它描述了“paint”的结果。
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主语补足语例子【篇一：主语补足语例子】主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语.eg.they caught boy stealing.被动语态 the boy was caught stealing.stealing 即为主语补足语被动语态后的主语补足语对于主语补足语,语法家们各有不同的看法.有的把连系动词后面的部分称作主语补足语；有的又把被动语态后的补足语称作表语,与被动语态一起称作复合谓语.笔者通过教学体会到,还是把被动语态后面的补足语称作主语补足语好些.这是因为学生很容易接受“宾语补足语”,而如果把带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句,原来补充说明宾语的部分就变成补充说明主语了.一、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的.例如：(1) i saw him playing basketball yesterday.(2) he was seen playing basketball yesterday.句（1）中的含义不是我看见他,而是我看见他正在打篮球.playing basketball是宾语him的补足语.所以叫宾语补足语.句（2）中的含义也不是他被看,而是别人看见他正在打篮球.这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语,故称作主语补足语.主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语.所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态,谓语动词是可以接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的及物动词.句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语.二、主语补足语形式种种1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语.例如：① the dog is called karl.② coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.③ he was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语.例如：① the door was painted white.② the old man was found weak.③ the classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语.例如：① he is often heard reading english.② the professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.③ the glass was found broken.④ the classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语.例如：① he was seen to come upstairs.② ice is known to be in a solid state.③ the spy was ordered to be hanged.5. 介词短语用作主语补足语.例如：① the books in the study must be kept in good order.② he was found in good health.③ english is considered of great importance for us.6. as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语.例如：① english is taken as a useful means for research work.② the news is considered as true.③ the stool is usually thought as having four legs④ the vase is thought as broken.7. 由what引导的名词性从句用作主语补足语.例如：the boy has been made what he is.三、主语补足语的判别1.看句中的动词是不是可接复合宾语,而且是不是被动语态,与此同时还要看其后部分的逻辑主语是不是句子的主语.2. 另一种最简单的方法是：如果还不能看出来就可以把全句改成主动语态,加上一个主语we或people等.改成主动语态后,看后面是不是变成了“宾语+宾语补足语”了,这样我们就可以判别原句后面是不是主语补足语.例如：被动句：she was found reading in the library. (主语补足语)主动句：we found her reading in the library. (宾语+宾语补足语)被动语态一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词our classroom is cleaned everyday.i am asked to study hard.knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词a new shop was built last year.dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词this book has been translated into many languages.many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词a new hospital will be built in our city.many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词young trees must be watered often.your mistakes should be corrected right now.the door may be locked inside.your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词uncle wang is mending my bike now.→my bike is being repaired by tom now.they are planting trees over there. →trees are being planted over there by them.7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词there are two books to be read. →there are twenty more trees to be planted.二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤：1. 先找出谓语动词；2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化.例：1. bruce writes a letter every week. →a letter is written by bruce every week.2. li lei mended the broken bike this morning.→the broken bike was mended by li lei this morning.3. he has written two novels so far.→two novels have been written by him so far.4. they will plant ten trees tomorrow.→ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5. lucy is writing a letter now.→a letter is being written by lucy now.6. you must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：1. 不及物动词无被动语态.what will happen in 100 years.the dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义.this pen writes well.this new book sells well.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上to .例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do somethinga girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→my wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.the boss made the little boy do heavy work.→the little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定.he gave me a book.→a book was given to me by him.he showed me a ticket.→a ticket was shown to me by him.my father bought me a new bike. →a new bike was bought for me by my father.5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词.we can’t laugh him. →he can’t be laugh by us.he listens to the radio every day. →the radio is listened to by him every day.the nurse is taking care of the sick man. →the sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.补充：系动词连接了主语和补语.这种结构中的补语是说明主语性状的,所以称为主语补足语.系动词作为实义动词的一类,具有本身的意义,但是在起到桥梁作用的同时,有些系动词会保持本身具有的意义,有些意义则会减弱或消失.例如：1. i tasted the soup. ( taste 为及物动词,意思为“品尝”.)2. the soup tastes wonderful. (taste 为系动词,意思为“尝起来,吃起来”,意思基本未变.)3. he went to the cinema yesterday evening. ( go 是不及物动词,意思为“去,走”.)4. at the news, he went mad. (go为系动词,失去了“go”的原义,意为“变得”.)另外,英语中还有一定数量的不及物动词,完全保留了本身的词汇意义,同时又发挥着系动词的功能.它们与主语补足成分连用,所以这类词被称为“准系动词”(quasi-linking verb or half-linking verb).用于“s+vi+cs”(s代表主语,vi代表不及物动词,cs代表主语补足语)这一句式的动词都属于这种用法.有时,主语补足语不紧跟系动词,有可能被其它状语成分隔开.以“go”为例：5. at twenty-four, tom went half-bald. ( go 为系动词,失去原义.)6. after midnight, tom went home bored.( go 为准系动词,保留原义,但同时又连接主语“tom”和主补“bored”,“home”为副词,表示地点状语.)用于这一句式的补语可以为各种形式,如名词词组(np),形容词词组(ap),介词词组(pr.p),和分词短语(pp)等.现举例如下：type1: s + vi +cs (np)7. we parted the best friends.= we were the best friends when we parted.8. i stand before you today the representative of a family in grief.= i am the representative of a family in grief when i stand before you today.类似的动词包括： come (back), die, fall, go, leave 等.type2: s + vi +cs (ap)9. they were born poor, lived poor, and poor they died.= they were poor when they were born; they were poor when they lived; they were poor when they died.10. she married young.= she was young when she married.11. the morning dawned fresh and clear after the storm at night. = when the morning dawned after the storm at night, it was fresh and clear.类似的动词包括：arrive, come (back), dawn, fall, leave, lie, marry, return, sit, stand, turn out 等.type3: s + vi +cs (pr.p)12. the parcel arrived in good condition.= when the parcel arrived, it was in good condition.13. they separated with feelings alienation.= they had feelings alienation when they separated.类似的动词包括：come, die, fall, go, leave, lie, part, return, sit, stand等.type4: s + vi +cs (p.p)14. they stood listening to him.= they stood while they were listening to him.15. he came home convinced that she was telling the truth.= he came home and he was convinced that she was telling the truth.类似的动词包括：arrive, die, fall, go, leave, lie, return, sit 等.【篇二：主语补足语例子】主语补足语：在svc（主-动-补）结构中，谓语动词随后跟有主语补足语（又叫“表语”） e.g ann is a schoolgirl.该句中的schoolgirl 就是主语ann的补足语。