初中英语各种时态基本用法介绍
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初中英语六大时态基本用法介绍
一般现在时
一、定义1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
二、时间状语:
Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays,
三、基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)否定形式:主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词一般现在时的变化
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?
例句:It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words..
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
一般过去时
一、定义:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
二、时间状语:
ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just n ow, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
三、基本结构:be动词;行为动词的过去式
否定形式:主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
例句:She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.以e结尾的直接加d,如:taste-tasted
3.辅+元+辅结尾的双写词尾的辅音字母再加ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不规则变化:
am, is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, hav e-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, dra w-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其他
否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其他
一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
例句: How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:
Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorr ow, etc.
3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他;主语+will/shall + do+其他
主+be +v.ing+其它, 此类常为移位动词。
如:go,come ,leave,arrive,move,leave for,fly(飞), take off,(起飞)set off,drive等
否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will not do+其他
一般疑问句:be放于句首;will提到句首。