人教版八年级英语上册语法点总结(最全面)

八年级上册语法点总结

Unit 1 How often do you exercise?

Grammar: 特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。特殊疑问句的构成及用法：

1.结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/

表语（+其他）

疑问代词：

1) Who:谁。做主语，用来指人Who is the boy under the tree?

2）Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人Whom are you writing to?

3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词Whose pen is this?

4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Which grils will in the

sports meeting? Which pen is Lily’s?

5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下What can you see in

the picture? What are you doing now?

疑问副词：

1)When:何时，询问时间When will she come back?

2)Where何地，询问地点，Where do you come from?

3)Why为什么，询问原因，Why are you late for school?

4)How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等How do you usually go to school?

5)How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim’s little brother?

6)How many/much多少，询问数量How many birds are there in the tree?

7)How far多远，询问距离，How far is it form your home to school?

8)How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离How long will you stay in Beijing?

9)How often多长时间按一次，询问频率How often do you go to see your grandparents?

10)How soon多久，询问时间How soon will you come back?

频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always.

Unit 2 What’s the matter with you?

Grammar:

1. 用have 来描述身体不适have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病

2.情态动词should,情态动词should,can, may, must没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形

Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?

Grammar:现在进行时表将来一般将来时

表示将要做某事或计划打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助动词，它有人称和单复数的变化。Be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是现在进行时的形式，但用于表示将来。用进行时表将来，常用于表示即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事。用于此情况的动词一般是表示位置转移的动词，如，go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。

一．肯定句中，结构为“be+doing.”

I am going shopping this afternoon.

二．否定句是在be之后加not. I’m not going to shopping this afternoon.

三．一般疑问句是将be置于句首Are you going shopping this afternoon?—Yes, I am/ we are. No, I’m not./ We aren’t.

四．特殊疑问句“疑问词+一般疑问句语序。”

What are you doing for vacation? When is he going camping?

Who are you going there with? Where is she going?

Unit 4 How do you get to school?

Grammar: How引导的特殊疑问句：是指以How, how far, how long, how old,how many, how much等词开头的疑问句。

How does he get to shool?---- He takes the train to get to shool.

How long does it take to walk? ----It takes about 35 minutes to walk.

How far is it from your home to school? It’s four miles from my home to school.

How old is he now? She is twelve years old now.

How many storybooks do you have? I have five storybooks.

How much is this coat? This coat is 200 yuan.

特殊疑问句的简略结构：how about…?+ 名词或动词-ing形式，用于提出建议、请求或征求意见、询问消息等。如：How about playing tennis?

Unit 5 Can you come to my party?

Grammar:情态动词can及邀请句式及其问答

一．情态动词can的用法：

Can 是最长用的情态动词，其后跟动词原形，can的否定形式为cannot，can’t.

1.can表“能力”，意思是：能，会I can paly basketball,but I can’t swim.

2.can表示能力时可和be able to 互换，be able to有更多的时态，常被用来表示can所不

能表示的将来或完成的概念。E.g. They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.

3.表示“可能性”，意思是：可以，可能。That big cinema can seat 5,000 people.

4.表示允许，意思是可以能够You can have the book when I have finished it.

5.表示“惊讶、不相信等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中”。意思是“会、可能。”

This can’t be true. Can it be true?

二．如何发出、接受和谢绝别人的邀请

1.表达邀请的常用句型：

Can you come to…?

Could you come to…?

Would you like to come to…?

Do you want to come to…?

2.接受邀请的常用句型：

Sure. Certainly. OK. I’d love to.

3.谢绝邀请的常用句型：

I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to…

I’m afraid I can’t. I have to…

I don’t think I can. I have to…

Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

Grammar:形容词的比较级

一．规则变化、不规则变化（课本P93）

二．than 是比较级中最常见的标志词，意思是“比”。用于引出比较的对象。1.He draws better than me.2.You’re older than I am. You are older than me.

三．形容词比较级前，有时可以用much,far, a little,a bit, even, three times等词来修饰。Much 和far表示“……得多”,much better好得多，a little, a bit表示稍微，一些，一点。a little