省略句讲解

“言简意赅”话“省略”

[察言观色]

同学们，你们还记得在前面几个单元出现的这些句子吗？请注意观察划线部分，看看它们都有什么特点？

1. He determined to find out why. (Unit 1)

2. You find most of the population settled in the South, but most of the large industrial cities in the Midlands and North of England. (Unit 2)

3. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get when flying, ... (Unit 3)

4. No need for a camera! (Unit 4)

5. “Wait till tonight,” his friend whispered. (Unit 4)

[精辟点拨]

通过观察，我们不难发现，以上句子都为了“言简意赅”而省略了一些成分。根据句子的结构以及上下文，我们可知：第1句省略了宾语从句，只保留了连词why；第2句省略了并列句中后一个分句中的谓语；第3句省略了时间状语从句中的主语和be动词；第4句省略了引出句型的there be；第5句省略了主语。[归纳总结]

★简单句中的省略：根据表达的需要，简单句中常省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语、表语等，有时甚至同时省略若干成分。如：

(You come) This way please.

—Are you feeling better now?

—(I am feeling) Much better (now).

★并列句中的省略：在并列句中，后面的分句可以省略与前面的分句中相同的成分。如：

Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.

★状语从句中的省略：在以when, while, if, as if, though (although), as, whether, once等连词引导的状语从句中，常常省略与主句相同的主语或作主语的代词it 以及be动词。如：

When (it is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.

Unless (it is) necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.

★动词不定式中的省略：在同一句话或联系紧密的对话里，常把不定式to后内容相同的部分省略，只保留to。如：

—I will be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?

—Not at all. I would be happy to.

★虚拟条件句中的省略：在虚拟条件句中，如含有had, were, should等时，if 可省略，句子倒装。如：

Should it rain tomorrow, you would have to put off your tour.

★宾语从句中的省略：①在宾语从句中，连词that一般可以省略；但如果是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。

②由which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句，可以全部或部分省略。如：

He told me h e was ill and that he couldn’t go to work the next day.

I know that the NBA star Yao Ming will come to our city but I don’t know when.

[学以致用]

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. —Why do you want the book so much?

—_____, sir.

A. Studying

B. Studied

C. Studies

D. To study

2. —Will you go home tomorrow evening?

—No, I’m going to a lecture, or at least I am planning _____.

A. so

B. to

C. it

D. that

3. _____ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.

A. If it is not

B. Were it not

C. Had it not been

D. If they were not

4. We will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know _____.

A. who

B. where

C. as

D. which

5. He said _____ his sister had passed the college entrance examination, and _____ she would go to college in about 20 days.

A. that; 不填

B. that; that

C. 不填; 不填

D. that; which Key: 1-5 DBCBB