The Raven
theraven爱伦坡意象浅析
The ravenlonely man tries to ease his "sorrow for the lost Lenore," by distracting his mind with old books of "forgotten lore." He is interrupted while he is "nearly napping," by a "tapping on [his] chamber door." As he opens up the door, he finds "darkness there and nothing more." Into the darkness he whispers, "Lenore," hoping his lost love had come back, but all that could be heard was "an echo [that] murmured back the word 'Lenore!'"With a burning soul, the man returns to his chamber, and this time he can hear a tapping at the window lattice. As he "flung [open] the shutter," "in [there] stepped astately Raven," the bird of ill-omen (Poe, 1850). The raven perched on the bust of Pallas, the goddess of wisdom in Greek mythology, above his chamber door.The man asks the Raven for his name, and surprisingly it answers, and croaks "Nevermore." The man knows that the bird does not speak from wisdom, but has been taught by "some unhappy master," and that the word "nevermore" is its only "stock and store."The man welcomes the raven, and is afraid that the raven will be gone in the morning, "as [his] Hopes have flown before"; however, the raven answers, "Nevermore." The mansmiled, and pulled up a chair, interested in what the raven "meant in croaking, 慛evermore.? The chair, where Lenore once sat, brought back painful memories. The man, who knows the irrational nature in the raven抯 speech, still cannot help but ask the raven questions. Since the narrator is aware that the raven only knows one word, he can anticipate the bird's responses. "Is there balm in Gilead?" - "Nevermore." Can Lenore be found in paradise? - "Nevermore." "Take thy form from off my door!" - "Nevermore." Finally the man concedes, realizing that to continue this dialogue would be pointless. And his "soul from out that shadow" that the raven throws on the floor, "Shall be lifted -- Nevermore!"SymbolsIn this poem, one of the most famous American poems ever, Poe uses several symbols to take the poem to a higher level. The most obvious symbol is, of course, the raven itself. When Poe had decided to use a refrain that repeated the word "nevermore," he found that it would be most effective if he used a non-reasoning creature to utter the word. It would make little sense to use a human, since the humancould reason to answer the questions (Poe, 1850). In "The Raven" it is important that the answers to the questions are already known, to illustrate the self-torture to which the narrator exposes himself. This way of interpreting signs that do not bear a real meaning, is "one of the most profound impulses of human nature" (Quinn, 2019:441). Poe also considered a parrot as the bird instead of the raven; however, because of the melancholy tone, and the symbolism of ravens as birds of ill-omen, he found the raven more suitable for the mood in the poem (Poe, 1850). Quoth the Parrot, "Nevermore?"Another obvious symbol is the bust of Pallas. Why did the raven decide to perch on the goddess of wisdom? One reason could be, because it would lead the narrator to believe that the raven spoke from wisdom, and was not just repeating its only "stock and store," and to signify the scholarship of the narrator. Another reason for using "Pallas" in the poem was, according to Poe himself, simply because of the "sonorousness of the word, Pallas, itself" (Poe, 1850).A less obvious symbol, might be the use of "midnight" in the first verse, and "December" in the second verse. Bothmidnight and December, symbolize an end of something, and also the anticipation of something new, a change, to happen. The midnight in December, might very well be New Year抯eve, a date most of us connect with change. This also seems to be what Viktor Rydberg believes when he is translating "The Raven" to Swedish, since he uses the phrase "錼ets sista natt var inne, " ("The last night of the year had arrived"). Kenneth Silverman connected the use of December with the death of Edgar抯 mother (Silverman, 1992:241), who died in that month; whether this is true or not is, however, not significant to its meaning in the poem. The chamber in which the narrator is positioned, is used to signify the loneliness of the man, and the sorrow he feels for the loss of Lenore. The room is richly furnished, and reminds the narrator of his lost love, which helps to create an effect of beauty in the poem. The tempest outside, is used to even more signify the isolation of this man, to show a sharp contrast between the calmness in the chamber and the tempestuous night.The phrase "from out my heart," Poe claims, is used, in combination with the answer "Nevermore," to let thenarrator realize that he should not try to seek a moral in what has been previously narrated (Poe, 1850). WordsPoe had an extensive vocabulary, which is obvious to the readers of both his poetry as well as his fiction. Sometimes this meant introducing words that were not commonly used. In "The Raven," the use of ancient and poetic language seems appropriate, since the poem is about a man spending most of his time with books of "forgotten lore.""Seraphim," in the fourteenth verse, "perfumed by an unseen censer / Swung by seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled..." is used to illustrate the swift, invisible way a scent spreads in a room. A seraphim is one of thesix-winged angels standing in the presence of God."Nepenthe," from the same verse, is a potion, used by ancients to induce forgetfullnes of pain or sorrow."Balm in Gilead," from the following verse, is a soothing ointment made in Gilead, a mountainous region of Palestine east of the Jordan river."Aidenn," from the sixteenth verse, is an Arabic word for Eden or paradise."Plutonian," characteristic of Pluto, the god of the underworld in Roman mythology.The Philosphy of CompositionEdgar Allan Poe wrote an essay on the creation of "The Raven," entitled "The Philosophy of Composition." In that essay Poe describes the work of composing the poem as if it were a mathematical problem, and derides the poets that claim that they compose "by a species of fine frenzy - an ecstatic intuition - and would positively shudder at letting the public take a peep behind the scenes." Whether Poe was as calculating as he claims when he wrote "The Raven" or not is a question that cannot be answered; it is, however, unlikely that he created it exactly like he described in his essay. The thoughts occurring in the essay might well have occurred to Poe while he was composing it. In "The Philosophy of Composition," Poe stresses the need to express a single effect when the literary work is to be read in one sitting. A poem should always be written short enough to be read in one sitting, and should,therefore, strive to achieve this single, unique effect. Consequently, Poe figured that the length of a poem should stay around one hundred lines, and "The Raven" is 108 lines.The most important thing to consider in "Philosophy" is the fact that "The Raven," as well as many of Poe's tales, is written backwards. The effect is determined first, and the whole plot is set; then the web grows backwards from that single effect. Poe's "tales of ratiocination," e.g. the Dupin tales, are written in the same manner. "Nothing is more clear than that every plot, worth the name, must be elaborated to its denouement before anything be attempted with the pen" (Poe, 1850).It was important to Poe to make "The Raven" "universally appreciable." It should be appreciated by the public, as well as the critics. Poe chose Beauty to be the theme of the poem, since "Beauty is the sole legitimate province of the poem" (Poe, 1850). After choosing Beauty as the province, Poe considered sadness to be the highest manifestation of beauty. "Beauty of whatever kind in its supreme development invariably excites the sensitive soulto tears. Melancholy is thus the most legitimate of all the poetical tones" (Poe, 1850).Of all melancholy topics, Poe wanted to use the one that was universally understood, and therefore, he chose Death as his topic. Poe (along with other writers) believed that the death of a beautiful woman was the most poetical use of death, because it closely allies itself with Beauty. After establishing subjects and tones of the poem, Poe started by writing the stanza that brought the narrator's "interrogation" of the raven to a climax, the third verse from the end, and he made sure that no preceeding stanza would "surpass this in rythmical effect." Poe then worked backwards from this stanza and used the word "Nevermore" in many different ways, so that even with the repetition of this word, it would not prove to be monotonous.Poe builds the tension in this poem up, stanza by stanza, but after the climaxing stanza he tears the whole thing down, and lets the narrator know that there is no meaning in searching for a moral in the raven's "nevermore". The Raven is established as a symbol for the narrator's "Mournful and never-ending remembrance." "And my soul fromout that shadow, that lies floating on the floor, shall be lifted - nevermore!"。
The Raven中英文赏析
哥特式文学首先盛行于18，19世纪的西方世界，旨在描述发生在充满神秘与恐怖氛围中的传奇经历。
许多学者认为，“哥特元素大都运用于小说创作，而诗歌则由于受到情节、节奏与韵律的限制而缺少叙述哥特故事的基础条件” (Tz vetan 25-26)。
但部分学者则坚信“哥特元素不仅存在于小说中，在诗歌当中亦可以分外活跃”（刘守兰：55）。
作为美国哥特文学大师与先驱，埃德加·爱伦坡的短篇小说以及他的诗作都充满了哥特式的神奇色彩。
但是大多数学者仅将研究聚焦于其短篇小说中的哥特研究，而忽视了该元素在其诗歌中也存在的现实。
一、爱伦坡所持的哥特式文学理论爱伦坡对美好事物的凋零有着强烈的迷恋。
追根究底，这还源于他儿时的丧亲之痛，与中年的丧妻之痛。
而已逝女子的影子常在他脑海里盘旋，引领他在诗歌王国里翱翔。
哥特式风格又恰如其分地被其用于诠释他心底深处的恐惧与压抑。
众多作家在描写恐怖情节时，常对外部环境进行大力渲染，而他则更注重对人内心世界的雕琢。
他深信“诗歌的最好主题是死亡，尤其是美丽尤物的死亡，将毫无疑问是世界上最具诗意的主题（Poe：133-140）”。
他用诗歌践行了自己的写作原则，并将一生都奉献给了这种哀伤的美丽。
为更清晰地展现爱伦坡的哥特式写作风格，本文将以《乌鸦》为例并诠释其中所蕴含的死亡之美与哥特式元素。
二、意象塑造1、人与物的塑造《乌鸦》塑造了两个重要形象：年轻男子与乌鸦。
悲伤的男子刚失去他最爱的女子，他企图沉浸于书以忘却伤痛，但一切都是徒劳，他越看书，越被寂寞与悲痛侵蚀；而象征死亡与不祥的乌鸦却在午夜，飞入这间男子曾常与故去情人蕾诺相会的小屋。
此外，诗人还塑造了两个对诗的主旨起重要作用的意象。
其一为黑色，“纯色调可使人产生快乐或抑郁之感”（朱立元：489-490）。
诗中所连续采用的黑色背景，可使读者感到压抑，从而感受男子心底的恐惧与悲痛。
诗中反复出现的“永远不再”亦可看作一种特殊形象。
除该词的原意外，它还具有象征意义。
The-Raven译文
乌鸦爱伦坡一次午夜时，我疲惫不堪困意浓，稀奇古事挥不掉----低头小憩时，忽闻窗外叩拍声，好似有人轻轻把门敲----心想必有来客访----为此无他响。
啊，我铭记那是在凄凉寒冬十二月；灰死空留断魂烙。
欲把情愁付书海，难忘佳丽魂已销----举世无双窈窕女，安琪唤其叫勒诺---- 香销玉逝无人叫。
丝帘哀怨簌簌响，莫名恐惧心头涌；屏息起身细思忖，“过客欲求栖身所----夜深探问把门敲，为此无他响。
”霎时心定意坚不狐疑，开口来问寻，“先生/夫人请见谅，意懒心倦正自烦，叩门之音未听确。
”就此开门将客迎；夜浓，无人影。
定足凝望，漫漫长夜心悬疑，恰似幽梦初醒自难忘，夜阑无声，静寂无形，唯我低声唤勒诺，凄然旷野映回声----为此无他响。
转身回屋，心有余悸难平息，窗边又起叩击声，阵阵不绝耳。
“始知屋外不明之物在眼前，欲将个中究竟细细探----安神初定前去找，唯风无他响。
”卷帘开窗，鼓翼振翅飞入一乌鸦，神态自若如智者；不卑不亢，快若迅雷栖我处，风度无人肖----飞旋落定如玉女神帕拉丝----宜栖宜坐岿不动。
但见其神情肃穆现高贵，顿使我悲郁情怀化笑颜，“你貌若凡鸟而神自定，让我想起古之神鹊黄泉落，敢问你彼岸尊姓和大名，”乌鹊答道“永不再会”。
其貌不扬一小鸟，吐字清晰令人奇，纵然词不搭意难自圆，世人罕有此经历，有幸目睹它登门，飞落室内神雕塑，自唤名曰“永不再会”。
只见它静若雕像独端坐，倾注灵魂于斯语，唯此不言也不动----我低声哀叹“亲朋皆逝我独留----明日它亦弃我而去无望还。
”乌鸦即和“永不再会”。
惊闻接语称心又体贴，始知其开口无他语，必逢主人不幸遭磨难，无奈常叹此一言，长歌当哭忧愤起，感慨“永不再会”。
而我已是悲思转笑颜，侧身就座其栖息处，慵倦陷沉思，揣度这只亘古不祥鸟，冷酷，笨拙，恐怖又憔悴，缘和嘶叫“永不再会”。
我攒眉思忖不作响，眼前它目光炯炯将我灼；见我心驰神态依旧，灯下安然斜靠丝绒丝绒衬，而今物是人非，纵心念佳人，已是永不再会。
the raven读后感
the raven读后感（原创版2篇）目录（篇1）1.引言：介绍《乌鸦》的背景和作者2.《乌鸦》的情节概述3.对诗歌中乌鸦形象的解读4.诗歌中的象征意义和主题思想5.总结：对《乌鸦》的读后感及启示正文（篇1）《乌鸦》是美国著名诗人埃德加·爱伦·坡的一首著名诗歌。
诗歌通过讲述一只乌鸦与一个失去挚爱的男子之间的故事，表达了哀伤、孤独和绝望的情感。
诗歌的情节大致如下：一个失去挚爱的男子在梦中听到一只乌鸦的叫声，乌鸦告诉他，他的挚爱已永远离去，不会再回来。
男子在梦中惊醒，发现乌鸦就站在他的窗前。
在接下来的日子里，乌鸦始终陪伴在他身边，直到他最终因哀伤而死去。
在《乌鸦》中，乌鸦这一形象具有深刻的象征意义。
乌鸦通常被视为死亡和绝望的象征，它在诗歌中的出现，预示着男子的挚爱已永远离去，不会再回来。
此外，乌鸦还象征着男子内心的绝望和哀伤，它始终陪伴在他身边，如同他内心的阴影，反映出他无法摆脱的痛苦和悲伤。
除了乌鸦形象，诗歌中的其他元素也具有象征意义。
诗歌中的窗户和镜子，象征着男子内心的隔阂和自我反省。
他通过窗户看到了乌鸦，通过镜子看到了自己的形象，这些都反映出他对自己和现实的反思。
而诗歌中的“永不复返”这一主题，则表达了人对失去的挚爱的无尽思念和无法挽回的遗憾。
总的来说，《乌鸦》是一首表达哀伤、孤独和绝望情感的诗歌。
通过乌鸦这一形象，诗歌揭示了人内心深处的痛苦和悲伤，以及对失去的挚爱的无尽思念。
目录（篇2）1.引言2.文章主题和背景3.个人感受和理解4.文章中的象征意义5.结论正文（篇2）【引言】《the raven》是一首由著名诗人埃德加·爱伦·坡所写的诗歌，诗歌中充满了神秘的气息和深刻的象征意义。
在阅读完这首诗歌后，我深深地被其独特的魅力所吸引，下面是我的读后感。
【文章主题和背景】《the raven》主要描述了一只乌鸦在窗前不停地叫唤，引发了诗人的思考和联想。
诗人通过与乌鸦的对话，表达了自己内心的痛苦和迷茫，同时也揭示了人类面对死亡和未知时的无助和恐惧。
the raven的典故
the raven的典故The Raven的典故在美国文学史上，爱伦·坡（Edgar Allan Poe）是一位备受尊敬的作家和诗人。
他的一首著名诗歌作品《乌鸦》（The Raven）被广泛阅读和研究，成为了一个具有丰富象征意义的典故。
《乌鸦》是一首由第一人称叙述的长篇诗歌，讲述了主人公在一个寒冷的夜晚，坐在书房中苦思冥想，试图从悲伤的回忆中解脱出来。
然而，他的思绪被一只乌鸦的访问所打断，这只乌鸦不仅停在他房间的窗户上，还一再重复着“Nevermore”（永远不会再）的词句。
主人公的情绪随着乌鸦的出现和词句的重复逐渐变得愈发沉重。
这首诗歌中的乌鸦被解读为死亡的象征。
乌鸦的黑色羽毛和沙哑的叫声，与死亡和哀伤的氛围相呼应。
乌鸦的“Nevermore”不仅是一种回应，更是一种无法逃避的命运。
主人公试图与乌鸦交流，询问关于他失去的恋人莉诺尔（Lenore）的消息，但乌鸦的回答只有“Nevermore”，这使得主人公更加陷入绝望和痛苦之中。
《乌鸦》的典故被广泛引用和解读。
它象征着无法逃避的命运和绝望的循环。
乌鸦的存在让主人公无法忘记莉诺尔的离去，也让他无法从悲伤的回忆中解脱出来。
诗中的乌鸦还被解读为内心的恶魔，是主人公悲伤和痛苦的化身。
乌鸦的回答“Nevermore”也可理解为主人公对自己的否定和对未来的绝望。
《乌鸦》的典故不仅在文学作品中被引用，也广泛出现在电影、音乐和艺术作品中。
乌鸦的形象被用来表达死亡、哀伤和绝望的情感。
它的黑色羽毛和沙哑的叫声成为了文化符号，经常被用来描绘恐怖和神秘的氛围。
除了象征意义外，诗歌本身的结构和语言也成为了学术研究的对象。
《乌鸦》采用了押韵和节奏的手法，使诗歌更加富有韵律感。
诗中使用了丰富的修辞和意象，让读者在阅读中感受到深邃的情感和思考。
总的来说，The Raven的典故是一个富有象征意义的文学作品。
它通过乌鸦的形象和词句的重复，表达了绝望、痛苦和无法逃避的命运。
艾伦坡 乌鸦 the raven中英对照
第二页：Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door-Only this, and nothing more.从前一个阴郁的子夜，我独自沉思，慵懒疲竭，面对许多古怪而离奇、并早已被人遗忘的书卷；当我开始打盹，几乎入睡，突然传来一阵轻擂，仿佛有人在轻轻叩击——轻轻叩击我房间的门环。
“有客来也”，我轻声嘟喃，“正在叩击我的门环，“惟此而已，别无他般。
”"Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December,And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow;—vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow—sorrow for the lost Lenore-For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore-Nameless here for evermore.哦，我清楚地记得那是在风凄雨冷的十二月，每一团奄奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地板。
The Raven中英文赏析
哥特式文学首先盛行于18，19世纪的西方世界，旨在描述发生在充满神秘与恐怖氛围中的传奇经历。
许多学者认为，“哥特元素大都运用于小说创作，而诗歌则由于受到情节、节奏与韵律的限制而缺少叙述哥特故事的基础条件” (Tzvetan 25-26)。
但部分学者则坚信“哥特元素不仅存在于小说中，在诗歌当中亦可以分外活跃”（刘守兰：55）。
作为美国哥特文学大师与先驱，埃德加·爱伦坡的短篇小说以及他的诗作都充满了哥特式的神奇色彩。
但是大多数学者仅将研究聚焦于其短篇小说中的哥特研究，而忽视了该元素在其诗歌中也存在的现实。
一、爱伦坡所持的哥特式文学理论爱伦坡对美好事物的凋零有着强烈的迷恋。
追根究底，这还源于他儿时的丧亲之痛，与中年的丧妻之痛。
而已逝女子的影子常在他脑海里盘旋，引领他在诗歌王国里翱翔。
哥特式风格又恰如其分地被其用于诠释他心底深处的恐惧与压抑。
众多作家在描写恐怖情节时，常对外部环境进行大力渲染，而他则更注重对人内心世界的雕琢。
他深信“诗歌的最好主题是死亡，尤其是美丽尤物的死亡，将毫无疑问是世界上最具诗意的主题（Poe：133-140）”。
他用诗歌践行了自己的写作原则，并将一生都奉献给了这种哀伤的美丽。
为更清晰地展现爱伦坡的哥特式写作风格，本文将以《乌鸦》为例并诠释其中所蕴含的死亡之美与哥特式元素。
二、意象塑造1、人与物的塑造《乌鸦》塑造了两个重要形象：年轻男子与乌鸦。
悲伤的男子刚失去他最爱的女子，他企图沉浸于书以忘却伤痛，但一切都是徒劳，他越看书，越被寂寞与悲痛侵蚀；而象征死亡与不祥的乌鸦却在午夜，飞入这间男子曾常与故去情人蕾诺相会的小屋。
此外，诗人还塑造了两个对诗的主旨起重要作用的意象。
其一为黑色，“纯色调可使人产生快乐或抑郁之感”（朱立元：489-490）。
诗中所连续采用的黑色背景，可使读者感到压抑，从而感受男子心底的恐惧与悲痛。
诗中反复出现的“永远不再”亦可看作一种特殊形象。
除该词的原意外，它还具有象征意义。
关于 The raven的解读
the bird learned the word "nevermore" from some "unhappy master" and that it is the only word it knows, nevermore.
Meant in croaking“nevermore”
the h in front of the raven, determined to learn more about the reason why the raven says“nevermore”.
She shall press, ah, nevermore
example
Analyze
Quoth the raven,“nevermore”
The raven's name is "Nevermore".
With such name as nevermore
Quoth the raven,“nevermore”
“Nevermore”emphasizes that his "friend"---the raven will soon fly out of his life, just as "other friends have flown before", just along with his previous hopes.
The narrator experiences a perverse conflict between desire to forget
and desire to remember. He seems to get some pleasure from focusing
The Raven中英文赏析教学提纲
T h e R a v e n中英文赏析哥特式文学首先盛行于18，19世纪的西方世界，旨在描述发生在充满神秘与恐怖氛围中的传奇经历。
许多学者认为，“哥特元素大都运用于小说创作，而诗歌则由于受到情节、节奏与韵律的限制而缺少叙述哥特故事的基础条件” (Tzvetan 25-26)。
但部分学者则坚信“哥特元素不仅存在于小说中，在诗歌当中亦可以分外活跃”（刘守兰：55）。
作为美国哥特文学大师与先驱，埃德加·爱伦坡的短篇小说以及他的诗作都充满了哥特式的神奇色彩。
但是大多数学者仅将研究聚焦于其短篇小说中的哥特研究，而忽视了该元素在其诗歌中也存在的现实。
一、爱伦坡所持的哥特式文学理论爱伦坡对美好事物的凋零有着强烈的迷恋。
追根究底，这还源于他儿时的丧亲之痛，与中年的丧妻之痛。
而已逝女子的影子常在他脑海里盘旋，引领他在诗歌王国里翱翔。
哥特式风格又恰如其分地被其用于诠释他心底深处的恐惧与压抑。
众多作家在描写恐怖情节时，常对外部环境进行大力渲染，而他则更注重对人内心世界的雕琢。
他深信“诗歌的最好主题是死亡，尤其是美丽尤物的死亡，将毫无疑问是世界上最具诗意的主题（Poe：133-140）”。
他用诗歌践行了自己的写作原则，并将一生都奉献给了这种哀伤的美丽。
为更清晰地展现爱伦坡的哥特式写作风格，本文将以《乌鸦》为例并诠释其中所蕴含的死亡之美与哥特式元素。
二、意象塑造1、人与物的塑造《乌鸦》塑造了两个重要形象：年轻男子与乌鸦。
悲伤的男子刚失去他最爱的女子，他企图沉浸于书以忘却伤痛，但一切都是徒劳，他越看书，越被寂寞与悲痛侵蚀；而象征死亡与不祥的乌鸦却在午夜，飞入这间男子曾常与故去情人蕾诺相会的小屋。
此外，诗人还塑造了两个对诗的主旨起重要作用的意象。
其一为黑色，“纯色调可使人产生快乐或抑郁之感”（朱立元：489-490）。
诗中所连续采用的黑色背景，可使读者感到压抑，从而感受男子心底的恐惧与悲痛。
诗中反复出现的“永远不再”亦可看作一种特殊形象。
诗歌解析英文The-raven
The Raven
by Edgar Allan Poe
Line:
Technique:
Atmosphere and symbolism in poetry.
LO’s:
By the end of this lesson students will... • Understand what atmosphere and symbolism are.
• Be able to apply this knowledge by analysing a poem.
诗歌解析英文the raven 搜索 atmosphere and symbolism in poetry. lo's: by the end of this lesson students will...? understand what atmosphere and symbolism are.? be able to apply this knowledge by analysing a poem. describe the feelings that come to mind after reading these words: dreary bleak ghost lost sorrow darkness melancholy grave stillness stern all of these words are from a very famous poem. make some guesses about the setting and atmosphere of the poem such as:? what time of day is it?? what time of year?? how is the author feeling?? is he alone or with other people? the raven by edgar allan poe line: technique: effect: what might have happened to the character before the events of the poem happen? why does edgar allan poe use a raven instead of another bird as the major symbol of this poem? why not...? what might we associate with ravens? so… we could say that edgar allan poe sets the scene and creates an atmosphere by... also he uses the raven to symbolise… atmosphere and symbolism in poetry. lo's: by the e
the raven每一节解析
the raven每一节解析"The Raven" is a famous narrative poem written by Edgar Allan Poe in 1845. It tells the story of a grieving man who is visited by a mysterious talking raven. Each section of the poem holds a unique analysis and contributes to the overall themes and atmosphere of the narrative.Section 1: The beginning of the poem sets the eerie tone and introduces the melancholic narrator. It establishes the dark setting, with the narrator reading alone in his chamber, which is symbolic of his isolation and sorrow.Section 2: The arrival of the raven is crucial as it introduces a supernatural elementto the narrative. The raven's arrival portrays a sense of foreboding and mystery. The repeated phrase "nevermore" uttered by the raven leaves a lasting impact on the narrator, as it seems to taunt him about his lost love, Lenore.Section 3: The narrator engages in a dialogue with the raven, desperately seeking answers about his lost love Lenore. However, the raven's response of "nevermore" begins to torment the narrator further, as he interprets it as a confirmation of his eternal sorrow. This section highlights the theme of grief and the unanswerable questions that haunt the human mind.Section 4: The narrator's growing obsession with the raven intensifies in this section. He becomes increasingly agitated, questioning the bird's origin and demanding it to leave. The raven's refusal to depart symbolizes the narrator's inability to escape his grief and the constant reminder of his loss.Section 5: The final section of the poem reveals the narrator's descent into madness. He perceives the raven as a demonic being sent from the underworld, bringing despair and hopelessness into his life. The poem ends with the narrator acknowledging that he will never find solace or respite from his sorrow.In conclusion, each section of "The Raven" delves deeper into the narrator's psyche and explores themes of grief, isolation, and the human struggle to find meaning intragedy. The mysterious presence of the raven serves as a symbol of the narrator's torment and inability to move on from his loss. This poem remains a classic example of Poe's mastery of creating a chilling atmosphere and delving into the darker aspects of the human psyche.。
高中英语课文阅读TheRaven乌鸦
The Raven 乌鸦Edgar Allen PoeOnce upon a midnight dreadry, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door."'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door; Only this, and nothing more."Ah, distinctly I remember, it was in the bleak December,And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of surrow, sorrow for the lostLenore,. For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore, Nameless here forevermore.And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain Tilled me---filled me with fantastic terrors never feltbefore;So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating,"'Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamberdoor,Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door.This is it, and nothing more."Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer,"Sir," said I, "or madam, truly your forgiveness I implore; But the fact is, I was napping, and so gently you came rapping, And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at mycham-ber door, That I scarce was sure I heard you." Here I opened wide the door;--- Darkness there, and nothing more.Deep into the darkness peering, long I stood there, won- dering, fearing Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortals ever dared to dream before;Butthe silence was unbroken, and the stillness gave no token,And the only word there spoken was the whispered word,"Lenore?",This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, "Lenore!" Merely this, and nothing more.Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,Soon again I heard a tapping,something louderthan before, "Surely," said I, "surely, that is something at my window lattice.Let me see, then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore.Let my heart be still a moment, and this mystery explore.'Tis the wind, and nothing more."Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter, In there stepped a stately raven, of the saintly days of yore.Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he; But with mien of lord or lady, perched above my cham-ber door.Perched upon a bust of Pallas, just above my chamberdoor,Perched, and sat, and nothing more.Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling, By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, "Though thy crest be shorn and shaven thou," I said, "artsureno craven, Ghastly, grim, and ancient raven, wandering from the nightly shore.Tell me what the lordly name is on the Night's Pluton-ian shore."Quoth the raven, "Nevermore."Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly,Though its answer little meaning, little relevancy bore;For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his cham- ber door, Bird or beast upon the sculptured bust above his cham- ber door,With such name as "Nevermore."But the raven, sitting lonely on that placid bust, spoke only That one word, as if his soul in that one word he didoutpour.Nothing further then he uttered; not a feather then he fluttered;Till I scarcely more than muttered,"Other friends have flown before;On the morrow he will leave me, as my hopes have flown before."Then the bird said,"Nevermore."startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,"Doubtless," said I, "what it utters is its only stock andstore,Caught from some unhappy master, whom unmerciful disaster Followed fast and followed faster, till his songs one burden bore,--- Till the dirges of his hope that melancholy burden bore Of "Never---nevermore."But the raven still beguiling all my fancy into smiling, Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird and bust and door;,Then, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking Fancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird ofyore,What this grim, ungainly, ghastly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore Meant in croaking, "Nevermore."Thus I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressing To the fowl, whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosom's core; This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease re- clining On the cushion's velvet lining that the lamplight gloated o'er, But whose velvet violet lining with the lamplight gloating o'er She shall press, ah, nevermore!Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from anunseen censer Swung by seraphim whose footfalls tinkled on the tufted floor."Wretch," I cried, "thy God hath lent thee -- by these angels he hath sent thee Respite---respite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore!Quaff, O quaff this kind nepenthe, and forget this lost Lenore!"Quoth the raven, "Nevermore!""Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil!--prophet still, if bird or devil!Whether tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore, Desolate, yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted--On this home by horror haunted--tell me truly, I implore: Is there--is there balm in Gilead?--tell me--tell me I im-plore!"Quoth the raven, "Nevermore.""Prophet!" said I, "thing of evil--prophet still, if bird or devil!By that heaven that bends above us--by that God we both adore--Tell this soul with sorrow laden, if, within the distant Aidenn,It shall clasp a sainted maiden, whom the angels name Lenore--- Clasp a rare and radiant maiden, whom the angels name Lenore?Quoth the raven, "Nevermore.""Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!' I shrieked, upstarting--"Get thee back into the tempest and the Night's Pluton- ian shore!Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!Leave my loneliness unbroken! -- quit the bust above my door!Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!"Quoth the raven, "Nevermore."And the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door; And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon's that is dreaming.And the lamplight o'er him streaming throws the shadow on the floor; And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor Shall be lifted---nevermore!。
英文原著--The Raven(乌鸦)
光明的使者——渡鸦(英文)
For more fun activities to help you learn English visit 看视频、练发音，扫码获取更多British Council 提供的免费学习资源从本期开始，此板块将会陆续给同学们讲一讲全球各地的传说或神话故事等，文后配有相关练习，同学们可以做一做，检查下自己对文章的理解是否正确。
The Raven Many years ago, the world was dark. A bad chief [酋长] was hiding the sun, moon and stars from the world in a wooden box. He didn’t want to share them with other people.At that time, the Raven [渡鸦] was a beautiful white bird. He liked playing tricks on people. He decided to play a trick on the chief. One day, the chief’s daughter was drinking water from the river. The Raven turned into a leaf. The daughter drank the leaf with the water.Soon, a baby grew inside her. When the baby was born, it looked quite strange. It had a face like a bird. But the chief was very happy. He loved playing with his grandson. The grandson loved the wooden box. One day, the chief gave him the box to play with for a minute.At that moment, the grandson turned into the Raven again. He quickly flew out of the house to the sky. The Raven opened the box. Everyone saw the sun, the moon and the stars. The world was not dark any more.by Cath McLellan文字难度·A n s w e r s :A c t i v i t y 1d , f , a , h , c , e , b , g A c t i v i t y 21. F a l s e ; 2. F a l s e ; 3. T r u e ; 4. T r u e ; 5. F a l s e Myths and Legends—North AmericaActivity 1Put the events from the story in the correct order(first, second, third).a. The daughter had a baby.b. The Raven opened the wooden box.c. The chief gave the wooden box to his grandson.d. The world had no moon, sun or stars.e. The grandson turned into the Raven again.f. The Raven turned into a leaf.g. Everyone saw the sun, moon and stars.h. The chief was very happy to have a grandson.Activity 2 True or false (not true)? 1. The chief was a kind man. 2. The chief’s daughter ate a leaf. 3. The baby was different from other babies. 4. The grandson was interested in the wooden box. 5. The chief gave the Raven the box. 光明的使者——渡鸦（初中版） 57。
the raven每一节解析
the raven每一节解析
【最新版】
目录
1.诗歌背景介绍
2.诗歌的主题和意义
3.诗歌的象征和隐喻
4.诗歌的节奏和韵律
5.诗歌的评价和影响
正文
《the Raven》是美国著名诗人埃德加·爱伦·坡的一首代表作。
该诗创作于 1845 年，是诗人在一段时间内精神崩溃和失去亲人的痛苦经历的反映。
这首诗歌以其独特的主题和神秘的氛围吸引了无数读者，成为了美国文学史上的经典之作。
这首诗歌的主题是关于失去和孤独。
诗人通过描绘一只乌鸦的访问，表达了自己内心的痛苦和孤独。
乌鸦成为了诗人内心深处的化身，它的到来和离去都象征着诗人的心情变化。
整首诗歌充满了悲伤和神秘的氛围，让读者感受到诗人内心深处的痛苦和无助。
在诗歌中，乌鸦成为了一种象征和隐喻。
它代表了诗人的过去和失去的亲人，同时也代表了诗人的内心痛苦和孤独。
乌鸦的叫声和形象都充满了神秘和恐惧，让读者感受到一种不祥的预感。
此外，诗歌中的其他元素，如乌鸦的羽毛、诗人的房间等，也都充满了象征和隐喻的意义。
在节奏和韵律方面，《the Raven》是非常独特的。
诗歌的节奏缓慢而沉重，韵律复杂而多变。
这种独特的韵律和节奏为诗歌的主题和氛围营造了一种完美的氛围，让读者感受到诗人内心的痛苦和孤独。
《the Raven》是一首经典的美国诗歌，它的主题和意义都深刻地反
映了诗人的内心世界。
诗歌的象征和隐喻、节奏和韵律都为读者呈现了一种独特的诗歌体验。
the raven译文
乌鸦爱伦·坡著◇曹明伦译（安徽文艺出版社1999年版本）从前一个阴郁的子夜，我独自沉思，慵懒疲竭，面对许多古怪而离奇、并早已被人遗忘的书卷；当我开始打盹，几乎入睡，突然传来一阵轻擂，仿佛有人在轻轻叩击——轻轻叩击我房间的门环。
“有客来也”，我轻声嘟喃，“正在叩击我的门环，惟此而已，别无他般。
”哦，我清楚地记得那是在风凄雨冷的十二月，每一团奄奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地板。
我当时真盼望翌日——因为我已经枉费心机想用书来消除伤悲，消除因失去丽诺尔的伤感，因那位被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳，在此已抹去芳名，直至永远。
那柔软、暗淡、飒飒飘动的每一块紫色窗布使我心中充满前所未有的恐惧，我毛骨悚然；为平息我心儿的悸跳．我站起身反复念叨“这是有客人想进屋，正在叩我房间的门环，更深夜半有客人想进屋，正在叩我房间的门环，惟此而已，别无他般。
”于是我的心变得坚强；不再犹疑，不再彷徨，“先生”，我说，“或夫人，我求你多多包涵；刚才我正睡意昏昏，而你敲门又敲得那么轻，你敲门又敲得那么轻，轻轻叩我房间的门环，我差点以为没听见你”，说着我打开门扇——但惟有黑夜，别无他般。
凝视着夜色幽幽，我站在门边惊惧良久，疑惑中似乎梦见从前没人敢梦见的梦幻；可那未被打破的寂静，没显示任何象征，“丽诺尔？”便是我嗫嚅念叨的惟一字眼，我念叨“丽诺尔”，回声把这名字轻轻送还；惟此而已，别无他般。
我转身回到房中，我的整个心烧灼般疼痛，很快我又听到叩击声，比刚才听起来明显。
“肯定”，我说，“肯定有什么在我的窗棂；让我瞧瞧是什么在那儿，去把那秘密发现，让我的心先镇静一会儿，去把那秘密发现；那不过是风，别无他般！”然后我推开了窗户，随着翅膀的一阵猛扑，一只神圣往昔的乌鸦庄重地走进我房间；它既没向我致意问候，也没有片刻的停留，而是以绅士淑女的风度栖到我房门的上面，栖在我房门上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面；栖息在那儿，仅如此这般。
于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑，以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜，“冠毛虽被剪除”，我说，“但你显然不是懦夫，你这幽灵般可怕的古鸦，漂泊来自夜的彼岸，请告诉我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府阴间！”乌鸦答曰“永不复焉”。
The Raven中英文赏析
哥特式文学首先盛行于18，19世纪的西方世界，旨在描述发生在充满神秘与恐怖氛围中的传奇经历。
许多学者认为，“哥特元素大都运用于小说创作，而诗歌则由于受到情节、节奏与韵律的限制而缺少叙述哥特故事的基础条件”(Tzvetan 25-26)。
但部分学者则坚信“哥特元素不仅存在于小说中，在诗歌当中亦可以分外活跃”（刘守兰：55）。
作为美国哥特文学大师与先驱，埃德加·爱伦坡的短篇小说以及他的诗作都充满了哥特式的神奇色彩。
但是大多数学者仅将研究聚焦于其短篇小说中的哥特研究，而忽视了该元素在其诗歌中也存在的现实。
一、爱伦坡所持的哥特式文学理论爱伦坡对美好事物的凋零有着强烈的迷恋。
追根究底，这还源于他儿时的丧亲之痛，与中年的丧妻之痛。
而已逝女子的影子常在他脑海里盘旋，引领他在诗歌王国里翱翔。
哥特式风格又恰如其分地被其用于诠释他心底深处的恐惧与压抑。
众多作家在描写恐怖情节时，常对外部环境进行大力渲染，而他则更注重对人内心世界的雕琢。
他深信“诗歌的最好主题是死亡，尤其是美丽尤物的死亡，将毫无疑问是世界上最具诗意的主题（Poe：133-140）”。
他用诗歌践行了自己的写作原则，并将一生都奉献给了这种哀伤的美丽。
为更清晰地展现爱伦坡的哥特式写作风格，本文将以《乌鸦》为例并诠释其中所蕴含的死亡之美与哥特式元素。
二、意象塑造1、人与物的塑造《乌鸦》塑造了两个重要形象：年轻男子与乌鸦。
悲伤的男子刚失去他最爱的女子，他企图沉浸于书以忘却伤痛，但一切都是徒劳，他越看书，越被寂寞与悲痛侵蚀；而象征死亡与不祥的乌鸦却在午夜，飞入这间男子曾常与故去情人蕾诺相会的小屋。
此外，诗人还塑造了两个对诗的主旨起重要作用的意象。
其一为黑色，“纯色调可使人产生快乐或抑郁之感”（朱立元：489-490）。
诗中所连续采用的黑色背景，可使读者感到压抑，从而感受男子心底的恐惧与悲痛。
诗中反复出现的“永远不再”亦可看作一种特殊形象。
除该词的原意外，它还具有象征意义。
the raven的典故
the raven的典故The Raven：一只黑鸟的典故在世界文学史上，爱伦·坡（Edgar Allan Poe）被誉为“恐怖小说之父”。
他的作品以黑暗、恐怖和神秘而闻名，其中最著名的作品之一就是《乌鸦》（The Raven）。
这个故事以一只神秘的黑鸟为主题，通过描绘主人公的痛苦心境和对死亡的恐惧，探讨了人类内心的恐惧和无法逃脱的命运。
故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚，主人公孤独地坐在书桌前，沉浸在对已故恋人莱诺尔的思念中。
突然，一只黑鸟飞进了他的房间，坐在他的雕像上。
这只黑鸟的名字叫乌鸦，它的存在象征着死亡和厄运。
主人公被乌鸦的出现所吓到，但他仍然好奇地和乌鸦交谈。
主人公问乌鸦许多问题，希望乌鸦能给他一些答案，但乌鸦只回答一句：“从来没有”。
这句简单的回答让主人公感到困惑和绝望，因为他已经失去了一切，包括他所爱的人和对生活的希望。
乌鸦的回答似乎在嘲笑他的绝望和无助。
然而，主人公继续和乌鸦交谈，他询问乌鸦是否会离开他，是否存在一种解脱之法。
乌鸦的回答仍然是“从来没有”，这使主人公更加绝望。
他开始认为乌鸦是来自地狱的使者，它的存在只是为了使他永远陷入痛苦和绝望之中。
在整个故事中，乌鸦的形象起着重要的象征作用。
它代表了死亡和厄运，也象征着主人公内心的黑暗和绝望。
乌鸦的回答“从来没有”是对主人公的嘲笑和嘲弄，它让主人公对自己的命运感到绝望和无助。
除了乌鸦的象征意义，整个故事还通过描绘主人公的心理变化来探讨人类内心的恐惧和无法逃脱的命运。
主人公在故事开始时是一个寂寞和悲伤的人，他对已故恋人的思念让他无法释怀。
乌鸦的出现使他的心境更加痛苦和绝望，他开始怀疑自己是否可以逃脱这种痛苦。
然而，无论他如何努力，无论他问乌鸦多少问题，他都得不到任何答案。
这种无助和绝望让他感到无法摆脱命运的束缚。
《乌鸦》这个故事以其恐怖和神秘的氛围，以及对人类内心的探索而闻名。
通过描绘主人公的痛苦心境和对死亡的恐惧，这个故事引发了读者对生命和死亡的思考。
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The Raven
"The Raven" is a narrative poem by Edgar Allan Poe. First published in January 1845. It tells of a talking raven's mysterious visit to a distraught lover, tracing the man's slow fall into madness. The lover, often identified as a student, is lamenting the loss of his love, Lenore. Sitting on a bust of Pallas, the raven seems to further instigate(煽动) his distress with its constant repetition of the word "Nevermore". Poe claimed to have written the poem very logically and methodically, intending to create a poem that would appeal to both critical and popular tastes, as he explained in his 1846 follow-up essay, "The Philosophy of Composition". The poem was inspired in part by a talking raven in the novel Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of Eighty by Charles Dickens.
The Raven
——Edgar Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe
Poe was an American author, poet, editor, and literary critic. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre(可怕的， 死亡为主题的),and is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. His works include short story,novel,poetry,drama,and essay. versatile(多才多艺的)
imagery 意象
《乌鸦》塑造了两个形象：年轻男子与乌鸦。悲伤的男子刚刚失去她 最爱女子，他企图沉浸于书以忘却悲痛，但一切都是徒劳，他越 看书，越被寂寞与悲伤侵蚀；而象征死亡与不详的乌鸦却在午夜， 飞入这间男子曾常与故去情人相会的小屋。此外，诗人还塑造了 其他对诗的主旨起重要作用的意向。例如，黑色。诗中所连续采 用的黑色背景，可使读者感到压抑，从而感受到男子心底的恐惧 与悲痛。
The Raven
1，TheRaven韵律中的快感与美感_岳琳
Байду номын сангаас
诗歌赏析：
1. Pragmatic feature (语用)——plot，theme，scene 2. Sematic（语义）——imagery，metaphor， similie，
repetition
3. Linguistic（语言） 4. Phonological（语音）——rhyme(韵律),rhythem(节奏)
诗中反复出现的“永远不再”亦可看作一种特殊形象。除该词的 原意外，它还具有象征意义。在乌鸦出场时，悲伤的男子问它叫 什么名字，乌鸦的回答就是“永远不再”，但当主人翁想乌鸦询 问是否具有良药以消除他心中对雷诺的思念时，当他想知道是否 能与雷诺在遥远的天堂再次相会时，以及最后要求乌鸦离开小屋 时，乌鸦都是通过“永远不再”作答，也正这个词，使得男子陷 入永恒的悲痛深渊。
凝视着夜色幽幽，我站在门边惊惧良久， 疑惑中似乎梦见从前没人敢梦见的梦幻； 可那未被打破的寂静，没显示任何迹象。 “丽诺尔？”便是我嗫嚅念叨的唯一字眼， 我念叨“丽诺尔！”，回声把这名字轻轻送 还， 唯此而已，别无他般。
Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning, Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before. `Surely,' said I, `surely that is something at my window lattice; Let me see then, what thereat is, and this mystery explore Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore; 'Tis the wind and nothing more!'
于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑， 以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜， “虽然冠毛被剪除”我说“但你肯定不是懦夫， 你这幽灵般可怕的古鸦，漂泊来自夜的彼岸—— 请告诉我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府阴 间！” 乌鸦答日“永不复述。”
The Raven 论文
1，TheRaven韵律中的快感与美感 岳琳 2，缠绵悱恻，哀凄幽婉---论埃德加~爱伦坡<乌鸦>之美 余民顺, 3，合理运用文体分析,深刻体会诗歌之———以埃德加~爱伦坡的<乌鸦>为 例_张辉 4，论乌鸦中的象征 刘保安 5，调动多种艺术挥洒诗人激情——评埃德加~爱伦坡~乌鸦的创作艺术 郑晓春 6，原型解读艾德加~爱伦~坡诗作<乌鸦> 杨南翎 7，幽韵浅唱夜半歌——析爱伦坡<乌鸦>中音韵节奏的表情寄意 李会学 8，天庭雅韵与鬼域悲音——济慈的<夜莺颂>与爱伦坡的<乌鸦>比较研究 王萍 9，论<乌鸦>的戏剧性 刘保安 10，厄运的先知,从神话原型理论 看爱伦坡<乌鸦>中的乌鸦原型 吴志芳 11，爱伦坡以及他的<乌鸦> 刘凤峨
我转身回到房中，我的整个心烧灼般疼痛， 很快我又听到叩击声，比刚才听起来明显。 “让我瞧瞧是什么在那里，去把那秘密发现—— 让我的心先镇静一会儿，去把那秘密现；—— 那不过是风，别无他般！”
Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter, In there stepped a stately raven of the saintly days of yore. Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he; But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door Perched, and sat, and nothing more.
我猛然推开窗户，心儿扑扑直跳就像打鼓， 一只神圣往昔的健壮乌鸦慢慢走进我房间； 它既没向我致意问候；也没有片刻的停留； 而以绅士淑女的风度，栖在我房门的上面—— 栖在我房门上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面—— 栖坐在那儿，仅如此这般。
Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling, By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, `Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,' I said, `art sure no craven. Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the nightly shore Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night's Plutonian shore!' Quoth the raven, `Nevermore.'
scene 场景
读者可在开篇看到一幅夜半三更的凄惨画卷： 阴森的气氛，令人毛骨悚然的场景，神秘而忧郁的男子，不详的乌 鸦.......在阴郁而寒冷的午夜，除寒风的呼啸与男子翻动书页的 声音，周围的一切均可谓万籁俱寂，屋外的世界在夜的面纱笼罩 下，而屋内的狭小空间在昏暗的光线下显得忽明忽暗，突然一阵 短暂的敲门声在他房门上叩响，但当他打开房门查看时，却不见 敲门人，只有无情的黑夜与肆意的狂风。然而，当他回到屋内， 之前的敲门声却再次响起，乌鸦这时飞入他的房间，并栖息于他 房门之上。
但为何选择午夜作为故事发生的时间？午夜意味着恐怖与神秘，各种 幽灵与魔鬼总再次出没，这种令人发怵的气氛，为乌鸦的出场奠 定了基调，诗人将故事设置在一所幽僻而狭小的屋子里也是别有 一番用心。首先，狭小而封闭的空间对构建孤僻而隔世的哥特式 恐怖气氛有绝对的辅助作用。第二，小屋正是两位情侣的爱巢， 这个屋子依旧如此，然而曾经的欢喜却随着女主人的香消玉殒而 一去不返。男子守着物是人非的屋子，睹物思人，是何等的悲伤。 如此设置场景会在读者心中产生共鸣，使读者对男子的同情之心 油然而生。
The Raven
Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before But the silence was unbroken, and the darkness gave no token, And the only word there spoken was the whispered word, `Lenore!' This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, `Lenore!' Merely this and nothing more.