【大学笔译精品】笔译(长句翻译与so_that)

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大学英语笔译知识点总结

大学英语笔译知识点总结一、英汉互译中的困难及解决方法1、语法结构的差异英汉语法结构有相当的不同之处。

在英语中，形容词和副词通常放在名词和动词之前，而在汉语中，一般由形容词和副词放在名词和动词之后。

此外，在英语中定语从句和状语从句通常出现在句子的末尾，而汉语中则通常出现在句子的前面。

要解决这一问题，译者需要对英语和汉语的语法结构有深入的了解，并在翻译时进行灵活运用，确保句子通顺、符合习惯表达的方式。

2、词汇的差异英语和汉语词汇的差异主要表现在词义、词性以及搭配上。

在翻译时，译者需要充分了解英语和汉语词汇的特点和用法，并在翻译时进行合理的转换和调整。

需要注意的是，有些英语词汇在汉语中没有直接对应的词，译者需要结合上下文和情境来进行合适的译文转换。

3、句式结构的差异英语和汉语在句式结构上也存在一定的差异。

在英语中，一般采用主谓宾的句式结构，而在汉语中则采用主谓宾或主谓双宾的结构。

在翻译时，译者需要根据原文的句式结构和语义意义进行合理的转换和调整，确保译文能够准确传达原文的信息。

二、英语笔译中的常用技巧1、逐词逐句翻译逐词逐句翻译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它要求译者尽量忠实地将原文的词语和句子逐词逐句地翻译成目标语言。

这种技巧适用于对原文内容理解透彻、熟悉目标语言表达方式、能够保持句子流畅性的情况下，能够有效地保持原文的语言风格和内容特点。

2、意译意译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它是指译者在翻译时，根据原文的含义和情感色彩，采用适当的语言表达方式，将原文的意义传达到目标语言中。

这种技巧适用于原文与目标语言在语言结构、语境和习惯表达方式上存在较大差异的情况下，能够有效传达原文的信息和意思。

3、借位翻译借位翻译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它是指译者在翻译时，根据原文的内容和情境，选择适当的词语和表达方式，灵活运用目标语言的表达方式，将原文的意义传达到目标语言中。

借位翻译适用于原文与目标语言在语言结构、文化背景、表达方式上存在较大差异的情况下，能够有效传达原文的信息和意思。

基础笔译句子翻译

Chapter 11.If you’ll believe me, he went through with flying colors on examination days! He went through on that purely superficial “cram”, and got compliments too, while others, who knew a thousand times more than he, got plucked.你信也罢，不信也罢，考试那天他可是出尽了风头。

他靠一知半解的临时抱佛脚居然考及格了，还受到了表扬。

好多人比他强一千倍，反而没及格。

2.I took the news with a grain of salt.我对这个消息半信半疑。

3.He has many hot potatoes to handle every day.他每天要处理许多棘手的问题。

4.This hen-pecked man became on tenterhooks when his wife scolded her way into the room.妻子骂骂咧咧地闯了进来，这得了“气管炎”的男人一下子手足无措。

5.Aging and a prey to poverty and ill health, he began to look like a man with one foot in the graze.（士隐）那禁得贫病交攻，竟渐渐的露出了那下世的光景。

6.The Making of a Hero《钢铁是怎样炼成的》7.He is easily the best student in the class. 他无疑是班上最好的学生。

8.They gave the boy the lie.他们指责男孩说谎。

9.Her mother died of difficult labor.她母亲死于难产。

英语四级笔译长难句翻译范例

Determine the coordinate components in a sentence, such as coordinate sentences, coordinate phrases, etc., to ensure logical clarity during translation.
contents
目录
01
Translation Techniques for Long and Differential Sentences
Identify the subject, predicate, and object in a sentence, as well as modifiers such as attributives and adverbials, to understand the overall structure and meaning of the sentence.
Example of translating long and difficult sentence
Translation Techniques for Long and Differential Sentences Analysis of Common Sentence Patterns in Translation Translation Analysis of Long and Differential Sentences in True Questions
Analyze the relationship between clauses, phrases, and modifiers in a sentence to determine the correct translation order.

翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(四)

翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(四)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、(总题数：100，分数：100.00)1.This problem should be discussed first, for it takes ______ over all the other issues.（分数：1.00）A.precedence √B.prosperityC.presumptionD.probability解析：[解析] A选项precedence的意思是“优先、居先”，短语precedence over的意思是“居于……之前”，如：National defense must take precedence over all other questions. 国防应优先考虑。

B 选项take prosperity“繁荣”；C选项presumption“假定”；D选项probability“可能性”，都与句意不符。

本句空格处意为这个问题应优先考虑。

因此A选项为正确答案。

2.How did it come ______ that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?（分数：1.00）A.about √B.alongC.aroundD.by解析：[解析] 本题是说你怎么会在作业中犯这么多的错误。

A项“come(about)发生，造成”(多用于how 疑问句中，也可用于陈述句，在非正式英语中还可简化为“How come +从句?”如：How come you were late for class yesterday? 符合题意。

其他三项中，co me along“进行，进展，(机会)出现，(用在祈使句中)赶快，快点”；come around“苏醒；顺访”； come by sth．=gel/obtain“得到”，都与题意不符。

3.Where in our brain do we ______ meanings to words?（分数：1.00）A.associateB.attach √mitD.devote解析：[解析] attach作“附属，归于，相连”讲，常与to搭配，如：Great responsibilities attach to power and position. 有权力有地位就要负重大责任。

定语从句与长句的翻译

Try to translate: Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. ［译文］行为主义者的看法是：如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境中成长，而这些刺激物又能够发展其适应反应能力的话，那么这个儿童在智力方面将会得到更大的发展。
诚实的人最聪明。
发光的不都是金子。
供给避难所
定语从句
Try to translate: He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。 Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore. 太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。 His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence. 他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。
05
我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有一些国籍标志。
单击此处添加大标题内容
余额
Try to translate: As she turned the corner a new idea occurred to her, which made her stop dead. 走到拐弯处，她突然想到了一个新主意，立刻停了下来。 In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention. 在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。 She had a balance at her banker’s which would have made her beloved anywhere. 她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎。

笔译基础长句复杂句

长句、复杂句翻译认真研读下列长句，确定各句的主干结构（主句结构和从句结构中主语、谓语等）1.The large-scale migration of unskilled and semi-skilled labour, and of professional manpower,which has taken place in the last two decades has been a reflection of imbalances in the income and employment opportunities and, to some extent, of constraints on the international flow of capital and trade.2.The men and women throughout the world who think that a living future is preferable to adead world of rocks and deserts will have to rise and demand, in tones so loud that they cannot be ignored, that common sense, humanity, and the dictates of that moral law which Mr.Dulles believes that he respects, should guide our troubled era into that happiness which only its own folly is preventing.3.WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS DETERMINEDto save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, andto reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, andto promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,AND FOR THESE ENDSto practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbors, andto unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, andto ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, andto employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples,HA VE RESOLVED TO COMBINE OUR EFFORTS TO ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS.4.But without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will,uncanny instincts, a cold ruthlessness, a remarkable intellect, a soaring imagination and---until toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he overreached himself---an amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich.5.The humanities would be expendable only if human beings didn’t have to make decisions thataffect their lives and the lives of others; if the human past never existed or had nothing to tell us about the present; if thought processes were irrelevant to the achievement of purpose; if creativity was beyond the human mind and had nothing to do with the joy of living; if human relationships were random aspects of life; if human beings never had to cope with panic or pain, or if they never had to anticipate the connection between cause and effect; if all the mysteries of mind and nature were fully plumbed; and if no special demands arose from the accident of being born a human being instead of a hen or a hog.6.But the city is also the home of the well-bred English lady who has had to sell the familyestate of 400 years and take meager lodging in Earl’s Court; of the expatriate Hollywood actress living in elegance in a Georgian town house; of the islander from Jamaica who comes seeking a new life and ends up collecting fares on one of London’s red double-decker buses;and of the farmer’s son who shuns his family’s sheep pastures in the austere lake District in favor of singing rock in a coffeehouse in the West End.7.The second aspect is the application by all members of society, from the government officialto the ordinary citizen, of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.8.Ionizing radiation can change the electronic configuration of an atom or molecule, and thusthe way it interacts with its surroundings.9. A recent article in the New Yorker magazine compared the discovery of the edible tomato thatcame about by early biotechnology with the new "Flavr-Savr" tomato brought about through modern techniques.10.For environment concern, aluminium is much more superior to fiberglass with its chemicalresins and to steel which rusts.11.Challenges being addressed by modern environmental biotechnology range from the searchfor microbes that will reduce acid rain by removing sulfur from power plant coal to the biological production of biodegradable plastics.12.Further knowledge in these areas will help to maintain genetic diversity, improve animalproductivity and efficiency, locate economically important production traits (including size, reproductive vigor, and genetic diseases), and finally to provide methods for utilizing this information to select for desired characteristics in animals.13.(There have been numerous reviews on the development of baculoviruses to control insects,and despite this widespread interest and intrinsic attractiveness of their use, the acceptance and use of viruses for insect control have been limited.) This can be attributed to their slow speed of kill, their limited host range such that one preparation can only be used on a few insects, and to a certain degree to the complexity of producing standardized viral preparations.14. A wide range of materials for use in medicine, agriculture, and industry that are currently inshort supply could be produced in much greater quantities if the genes regulating their production by higher plants and animal cells could be incorporated into the microbial genome.。

翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(三)

翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(三)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、(总题数：100，分数：100.00)1.The facts have proved that they all have the ______ of solving practical problems.（分数：1.00）A.capability √B.abilityC.capacityD.power解析：[解析] capability“能力，才能，本领”；capability of doing“能做某事的素质，能力”；ability“能力，本领，技能”，ability“常与to连用”；capacity“能力，才干，本领；性能”，capacity“常与for连用”；power“力，力量；能力”。

答案是A。

2.The accident ______ him of his sight and the use of his legs.（分数：1.00）A.excludedB.disabled √C.deprivedD.gripped解析：[解析] 本题的四个选项中，A项excluded的意思是“拒绝接纳；把……排除在外；不包括”；B项disabled的意思是“使伤残”，如：Now that he was disabled, his house had become a prison to him. 因为他残废了，他的房子就成了他的牢笼。

C项deprived的意思是“剥夺，从……夺走；使丧失”；D项gripped的意思是“握(或咬，夹)牢；吸引；抓住(注意力等)”。

根据题意，B项为正确答案。

3.At throe thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not ______.（分数：1.00）A.on viewB.at a glanceC.on the sceneD.in sight √解析：[解析] in sight“可以见得到，被看到”；on view“展览，上映”；at a glance“看一眼，瞟一眼”；on the scene“出现，到场，在场”。

长句的翻译(英译汉)

The poor are (the first to experience technological progress as a curse )which destroys the old muscle-power jobs (that previous generations used as a means to fight their way of poverty）.
在一次记者招待会上，问题集中于昨天的选举结果，总统就此发了言。他说他不能够解释为什么共和党遭到了这样大的失败。这种情况最终会使共和党失去在众议院中长期享有的优势
分译法
My mother, Jane Clements, died in her 88th year, a mighty age for one who at 40 was so delicate of body as to be accounted a confirmed invalid destined to pass soon away.
在快乐的英格兰有一个风光旖旎的地区，唐河从这里流过。从前这里曾有一大片森林，郁郁苍苍，覆盖着从设菲尔德到繁华的唐卡斯特镇之间的大部分美丽的山丘和河谷。(徐菊译)
分译法 My shock and embarrassment at finding mother
in tears on Wednesday was a perfect index of how little I understand the pressure on her. My shock and embarrassment at finding mother in tears on Wednesday was( a perfect index of how little I understand the pressure on her).

英语笔译长句翻译

• 汉语的分句或流水句，译成英语时，常常要化简为繁，组合成复合句或长句．如： • 因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的．这种隔绝状态，由于通讯工具不足，就变得更加严重了． The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information medias.
Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me ? 译文１：你能回答一个使我弄不懂又想问你的问题吗？译文２：我有一个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？
Hale Waihona Puke • There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. 译文１：我访问了一些地方，遇到了不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多啦．译文２：关于我所访问的一些地方和遇见的不少人有许多奇妙的故事可讲．
• Closely linked with this commitment is the new last paragraph of the preamble which reaffirms that principle of the Charter of the U.N in accordance with which Member States must refrain from the use of force or the threat of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State and which declares that the establishment and the maintenance of international peace and security are to be promoted with the least diversion for armaments of the world’s human and economic resources.

笔译课后翻译句子

第三单元句子翻译2.The government intends to restructure the deposit insurance system as a new financial safety net for protecting settlement systems.政府打算重建存款保险制度，作为保护结算制度的新型金融安全网。

3.Each of these U.S. companies is attempting to offer convenient services to customers by centering on their strong business lines.这些美国公司，每一家都突出自己具有优势的业务范围，尽全力在给顾客提供各种便利的服务。

4.Under the system of securitization of real estate, special purpose companies established by real estate firms issue shares in real estate by using the property as collateral.根据房地产证券化制度，由房地产开发公司所创立的特别目的公司，是通过以房地产作为担保物的方式来发行房地产股票的。

6.Long-term interest rates have soared almost fourfold in the past three months after the rates hit a record low in mid-June.在利率于六月中旬创下历史最低水平之后，长期利率在过去的三个月中已经飙升了几乎四倍。

7.Future prospects are dim, and analysts are uncertain when the global IT-related recession will bottom out.发展前景非常暗淡，分析家们还拿不准全球与信息技术相关的经济衰退到底何时探底。

中译英技巧-长句翻译(附课后练习及答案)

长句含多层意思时分译，使关系更清晰
• 我们工厂引进了最先进的工艺和设备来提高印花行业的技术， /我们倡导高科技和高生产力，//产品质量稳定，///花样美观， /另外我们还坚持高产低耗的原则。 • Our factory has enhanced the printing technology by bringing in the most advanced workmanship and equipment. We advocate sophisticated technology and high productivity. Our products enjoy stable quality and beautiful patterns. In addition, we adhere to the principle of low cost and high output.
•
• 这种经营方式的特点是共同投资，共同管理，共负盈亏，可使双方的关系更为密切，协作更为加强，对双方都是有利的。 • The features of this form of business are joint investment, joint management and joint share in profits and losses. These will be beneficial to both parties in that their relation will be more close and the cooperation be strengthened.
父亲毕竟比她多吃了几年盐, 她的男朋友是什么样的人, 父亲一看就知道。 After all , father has eaten more salt than she over the years. He will be able to tell at a glance whether her boyfriend is a man of character. （worldly-wise)

大三笔译笔记

Criteria for Beginners of TranslationLoyalty（忠实）:完整并且准确地表达原作内容。

完整：不得随意增加或删减原文的内容。

ST: Its implications will doubtlessly escape you.Original: 你看不出它的含义。

Revised: 毫无疑问，你看不出它的含义。

Loyalty（忠实）: 完整并且准确地表达原作内容。

准确：忠实地传达原文的内容，不得歪曲或者篡改原文的信息。

ST: Let me be your banker.Original: 让我做你的银行家吧。

Revised: 你需要钱，我可以借给你。

Fluency（通顺）:译文语言明白流畅，符合译入语的语言规范；句语句之间、段与段之间过渡自然、衔接紧密。

语言明白：用词准确，不用生硬晦涩，模棱两可，随意生造的词语ST: The whole village was astir with the news.Original: 消息传来，全村震动。

Revised: 消息传来，全村震惊（轰动）。

ST: 我永远不会忘记您。

Original: I shall never forget thee.Revised: I shall never forget you.ST: Words failed me.Original: 文字打败了我。

Revised: 我惊讶地说不出话来。

ST: The Republicans are out, the Democrats in.Original:共和党出台，民主党进台。

Revised:共和党下台，民主党上台。

过渡自然，衔接紧密ST: 他2003年被哈佛大学法律系录取。

三年后他大学毕，毅然放弃了当律师的机会，转身进入了华尔街。

A. He was admitted by the Law School of Harvard University in 2003. He graduated there three years later and he refused to be a lawyer and stepped onto the Wall Street.B. He was admitted by the Law School of Harvard University in 2003. Following his graduation three years later, he refused to be a lawyer but stepped onto the Wall Street.Addition（增补法）•Definition: Addition means supplying necessary words in translation.•Purpose: Addition is adopted to make TTgrammatically correctsemantically clearculturally appropriateExamples and DrillsST: We won't retreat; we never have and never will.TT: 我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也决不后退。

翻译资格高级笔译汉译英精选

翻译资格高级笔译汉译英精选今天给大家带来了翻译资格高级笔译汉译英精选，希望能够帮助到大家在笔译考试中拿高分，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

翻译资格高级笔译汉译英精选雨后，院里来了个麻雀，刚长全了羽毛。

它在院里跳，有时飞一下，不过是由地上飞到花盆沿上，或由花盆上飞下来。

看它这么飞了两三次，我看出来：它并不会飞得再高一些。

，它的左翅的几根长翎拧在一处，有一根特别的长，似乎要脱落下来。

我试着往前凑，它跳一跳，可是又停住，看着我，小黑豆眼带出点要亲近我又不完全信任的神气。

我想到了：这是个熟鸟，也许是自幼便养在笼中的。

所以它不十分怕人。

可是它的左翅也许是被养着它的或别个孩子给扯坏，所以它爱人，又不完全信任。

想到这个，我忽然的很难过。

一个飞禽失去翅膀是多么可怜。

这个小鸟离了人恐怕不会活，可是人又那么狠心，伤了它的翎羽。

它被人毁坏了，而还想依靠人，多么可怜!它的眼带出进退为难的神情，虽然只是那么个小而不美的小鸟，它的举动与表情可露出极大的委屈与为难。

它是要保全它那点生命，而不晓得如何是好。

对它自己与人都没有信心，而又愿找到些倚靠。

它跳一跳，停一停，看着我，又不敢过来。

我想拿几个饭粒诱它前来，又不敢离开，我怕小猫来扑它。

可是小猫并没在院里，我很快地跑进厨房，抓来了几个饭粒。

及至我回来，小鸟已不见了。

我向外院跑去，小猫在影壁前的花盆旁蹲着呢。

我忙去驱逐它，它只一扑，把小鸟擒住!被人养惯的小麻雀，连挣扎都不会，尾与爪在猫嘴旁搭拉着，和死去差不多。

As soon as the rain stopped, a little sparrow, almostfull-fledged, flew into the courtyard. It hopped, fluttered, darting up to the edge of flower pots and back to the ground again. Watching it move up and down a couple of times, I realized drat it could not fly any higher as the plumes on its left wing had got twisted with one sticking out as if about to come off. When I made an attempt to move closer, it jumped off a hit and stopped again, staring back at me with its small, black and bean-like eyes that had a mixed look of wanting to be friends with me and not being certain that I was trustworthy. It occurred to me that this must be a tame bird, having been caged since it was hatched perhaps. No wonder it was not much scared of my presence. Its left wing might have been impaired by some kid and that was why there was distrust in its look though it showed some intimacy with man. Suddenly I was seized with sadness. How miserable it was for a bird to lose its wings! Without someone taking care of it this small thing could not survive. But man had injured its wing. How cruel he was! Injured asit was, it still wanted to rely on man. How pitiable! The look in its eyes showed that She little creature was of two minds. It was small and by no means pretty, yet its gestures and expressions revealed that it had been wronged and landed in a difficult situation. It was anxious to keep its delicate life out of danger, but it did not know what to do. It had little confidence in itself and less trust in man, but it needed someone to rely on. It hopped and stopped, lookingat me but too shy to come over. I thought of fetching some cooked rice to attract it, but I dared not leave it alone test it should be attacked by the kitten. As the kitten was not around at the moment, I hurried to the kitchen and cause back with a few grains only to find the bind missing. I ran to the outer yard and saw the kitten crouching by a flower pot in front of the screen wall. I hastened to drive her away but, with a quick jump, she caught hold of the bird. The tame sparrow, with its tail and claws dangling from the kitten’s mouth, did not even know how to struggle. It looked more dead than alive.翻译技巧:英语谚语汉译方法知多少两种语言和文化间的切换和译介，从来就不是容易的事情。

翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题形容词(二)

翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题形容词(二)Ⅰ Grammar AdjectivesA Multiple Choices1. Since arriving in New York, Thomas has （江南博哥）had over 15 job interviews. And this is opportunity to be lost.A.too goodB.too a goodC.too good anD.a too good正确答案：C2. This is the______bacon of the first class.A.chooseB.choosyC.choiceD.choosing正确答案：C3. He was so disappointed that he angrily chose______music he could find in the hope that it might at least seem funny.A.worseB.the worseC.worstD.the worst正确答案：D4. The town has a______bridge.A.nice old grey stoneB.old stone grey niceC.grey race old stoneD.old nice grey stone正确答案：A5. One of the differences between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean is that the former has______waves.rgestrgerger正确答案：C6. The people in Taiwan consume______milk per person today as they did twenty years ago.A.more than twice as manyB.twice more than as muchC.so much more than twiceD.more than twice as much正确答案：D7. The twins are so______that I cannot tell them apart.A.alikeB.likelyC.likeD.liking正确答案：A8. It is a good time to catch up on______readings and other assignments.A.a formerB.previousC.backD.before正确答案：C9. -I want to see Mr.Smith. We have an appointment.-I'm sorry, but he is not______at the moment, for the meeting hasn't ended．A.availableB.accessibleC.approachableD.advisable正确答案：A10. I caught the last bus from town, but Tom came home______than I.A.more lateB.more laterD.the later正确答案：C11. He knows little of mathematics, and______of chemistry.A.even moreB.still lessC.no lessD.still more正确答案：B12. The Yangtze River is not______than the Yellow River.A.very longerB.more longerC.longestD.less longer正确答案：D13. A good plan must be a little______so that special projects which are not included in the plan can be done well.A.flexibleB.looseC.relaxedD.smooth正确答案：A14. The reason why so many people sit before the television tonight is that there will be a______game of World Cup.A.livingB.liveC.livelyD.lived正确答案：B15. "Do you regret paying five hundred dollars for the painting?""No, I would gladly have paid______for it. "A.twice so muchB.twice as muchC.as much twiceD.so much twice正确答案：BⅡ Cloze TestB The Beatles甲壳虫乐队The English rock music group The Beatles gave the 1960s its characteristic musical flavor and 1 a profound influence on the course of popular music, equaled by 2 performers. The guitarists John Winston Lennon, James Paul McCartney, and George Harrison; and the drummer Ringo Starr, were all bornand 3 in Liverpool. Lennon and McCartney had played together in a group called The Quarrymen. WithHarrison, 4 formed their own group, The Silver Beatles, in 1959, and Starr joined them in 1962. As 5 Beatles, they developed a local following in Liverpool clubs, and their first recordings, "Love Me Do" (1962) and "Please Please Me" (1963),quickly made them Britain's top rock group. Their early musicwas 6 by the American rock singers Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley, but they infused a hackneyed musical 7 with freshness, vitality, and wit.The release of "I Want to Hold Your Hand" in1964 8 the beginning of the phenomenon known as"Beatlemania" in the United States. The Beatle's firstUS 9 aroused a universal mob adulation. Their concerts were scenes of mass worship, and their records sold 10 the millions. Their first film, the innovative A Hard Day's Night(1964), was received enthusiastically 11 a wide audience that included many who had never before listened to rock music． Composing their own 12 , The Beatles established the precedent for other rock groups to play their own music．Experimenting with 13 musical forms, they produced an extraordinary 14 of songs: the childishly simple "Yellow Submarine" ; the bitter social commentary of "Eleanor Rigby" ; parodies of earlier pop styles; new electronic sounds; and compositions that were scored for cellos, violins, trumpets, and sitars, as well as for conventional guitars and drums.The 15 disbanded in 1970, after the release of their finalalbum, Let It Be, and during the 1970s 16 individual careers, On dec.8, 1980, John Lennon 17 fatally shot outside his Manhattan apartment by Mark Chapman, a 25-year-old former mental 18 who, earlier that same day, had asked Lennon for his 19 . Lennon's murder was universally 20 with an intensity of feeling usually inspired only by political and spiritual leaders.1.正确答案：pursued2.正确答案：was3.正确答案：patient4.正确答案：autograph5.正确答案：mourned6.正确答案：had7.正确答案：few8.正确答案：raised9.正确答案：they10.正确答案：The11.正确答案：influenced12.正确答案：form13.正确答案：marked14.正确答案：tour15.正确答案：in16.正确答案：by17.正确答案：material18.正确答案：new19.正确答案：variety20.正确答案：GroupⅢ Reading ComprehensionPassage OneGo Ahead—Cook with It别怕—就用它来烹饪It's grapefruit season. From now through March, the golden orbs are ripe for the picking. And they're not just for breakfast any more.Hanging around on trees all about California: grapefruit—heavy with juice, tartly sweet, beguilingly perfumed．Round and yellow as happy faces or suns, they seem to ripe just as the general populace sinks into its annual round of post-holiday dietary self-chastisement.Coincidence? Perhaps. But we say run with it.Look beyond the obvious salvo of half a grapefruit forbreakfast attacked with a jagged spoon and you'll find a marvelous fruit for peeling and eating out of hanD．There's nothing like it for inducing simultaneous feelings of gastronomic piety and delight at recapturing a long-lost pleasure. It's sensual: the aroma ofessential oils as they spurt daintily from the pores of the thick skin, the ripping sound of the tenacious segments being pulled apart, the juice dripping down. And it's delicious.But don't stop there. Cook with grapefruit. Use its juice to flavor sauces. Section and scatter it. Bake with it. Candy its peel. Grapefruit is milder and sweeter than lemon, but it can be used in many of the same ways—squeezed on grilled fish, made into a brightly flavored curD．And if you're looking for gorgeous color, redgrapefruit offers extra plate appeal.The notion that red grapefruit is sweeter than white or yellow grapefruit is, however, a myth, according to citrus specialists. (The story grew out of a marketing campaign by Texas growers. ) Red grapefruits get their color from lycopene, which has health benefits (its an antioxidant)but does not affect flavor.Sweetness is determined, rather, by the length of time thefruit has been hanging on a tree. A grapefruit picked in December isn't as sweet as one picked in February, so if you have a tree, just pick fruit as needed．If not, ask at your farmers market about the differentvarieties available, all of which have their fans. California reds include the medium-pink Rio Reds from the Caochella Valley and the Star Ruby from Central Valley (and Texas). Yellow Marsh is a familiar yellow variety and the Duncan, while not usually labeled as such in supermarkets, is a reliable white.For those who don't like the tartness of a true grapefruit, Oro Blanco—the half-grapefruit, half-acidless pummelo—is sweeter and can be used in salads.Our salad of jicama strips, thinly sliced snow peas, fresh pea sprouts (available in Asian markets)and red grapefruit sections has an appealing crunch. Its delicately harmonious flavors are pulled together with a faintly sweet dressing of grapefruit juice, tarragon and mint.The strikingly pink sauce of our baked halibut dish contrasts with the white flesh of the fish for an artful plate—and it's easy to make. Before baking, marinate the halibut in grapefruit juice with garlic and thyme. Sauce it with a reduction of grapefruit juice combined with blood orange juice, which deepens the color and softens the flavor. Then whisk in bits of cold butter for silkiness.A rich crust is a perfect foil for the tangy grapefruit curd filling in our pretty tartlets. Both grapefruit juice and lemon juice are used in the curd to focus the flavor; grapefruits zest enlivens the crust. Garnish them with whipped cream and candied grapefruit peel.For cooking, select heavy fruit, which indicates juiciness. (If you're making a batch of candied peel, however, lighter fruit will indicate more peel.) Before juicing, roll a grapefruit under your hand on the countertop to help extract the most juice. Avoid lumpyfruit, which may be over-ripe.And finally, for those whose resolute January superegos care about such things, here's a reassuring thought: Grapefruit is lowin calories (40 to 60 each), high in vitamins C and A, and anexcellent source of fiber. It contains no fat, sodium or cholesterol.So peel away.1. The writer thinks that the grapefruit seems to ripe just at the fight time. Why?A.The grapefruit becomes ripe just after a holiday in a year so that people can consume more food．B.The grapefruit matures in autumn to provide people with a kind of rich food．C.The grapefruit can provide people with a kind of favorite fruitwhen they have been on diet for a few days after the Christmasholiday during which they ate too many rich foods.D.The grapefruit matures as self-chastisement for people.正确答案：C2. Which of the following is NOT the way to cook with the fruit?A.Fry it with meat.B.Section and scatter it.C.Bake with it.D.Candy its peel.正确答案：A3. The sweetness of the grapefruit is determined by______.A.lycopeneB.the length of time the fruit is exposed to the sunC.the length of time the fruit is hanging on a treeD.the specific nutrient the fruit takes from the soil正确答案：C4. What is the meaning of "superegos" in the last but two paragraph?A.absolute selfishness of one's characterB.personal likingsC.personal attentionsD.personal regrets正确答案：B5. The reasons the grapefruit is good to health include that______.A.it is an excellent appetizerB.it is sweet and juicyC.it contains no fat, sodium and cholesterolD.it contains no calories and fat正确答案：CPassage TwoWhales鲸Whales are aquatic mammals belonging to order CetaceA．A few species live in fresh water, but most species live in the seA．They have a streamlined shape and a powerful tail to drive them forwarD．With its two large horizontal fins or flukes, the tail produces the driving force by beating strongly up and down. Flippers at the front are used for steering and balance. The hind limbs of whales have completely disappeared, apart from a few small bones inside the body. Body hair has also disappeared, giving whales a smoother outline and less resistance to water.Instead of hair, whales are insulated by a thick layer of fat, or blubber, under the skin. The blubber may be as much as 61 cm thick on some parts of the body. Besides protecting the animal against the cold, the blubber is an important food reserve.Most of the best-known whales large creatures.For example, the blue whale reaches a length of more than 30 m.However, many whales, such as dolphins and porpoises, are small.Some are only 1.5 to 1.8 m long.Whales live entirely in water.Sometimes, whales are stranded on the shore.Although they are air-breathing animals, they soon die because their great weight keeps them from expanding (opening out) the chest cavity.They can breathe easily when afloat, because the water supports most of their weight.The bottle-nosed whale has been known to stay under water for about two hours.The sperm whale can dive down to depths of 500 fathoms.Such long and deep dives are unusual.Most dives last between10 and 30 minutes.Whales have special mechanisms that help them to stay under water.When they breathe, they renew about nine-tenths of the air in their lungs.When human beings breathe in, only about one-fourth of the air is renewed.Whales therefore have a fairly large supply of fresh air to start with.They also have an additional oxygen supply in the muscles, where air is loosely held in combination with a pigment called myohaemoglobin.Another thing that helps whales hold their breath for long periods of time is their low sensitivity to carbon dioxide in the blood.(It is the carbon dioxide building up in human blood that affects the brain and makes the human being take another breath.)When a whale surfaces to renew its air supply, it needs only to push the top of its snout out of the water.This is because the nostril or blowhole is at the top of the heaD．The expelled air is forced out strongly to form the spout or blow.Living whales are divided into two groups—tooth whales and whalebone whales.Tooth whales, which include most species, generally have many conical teeth and eat mainly squids andfishes.The killer whale feeds on seals.One African river dolphin feeds mostly on plants.Other tooth whales include the narwhal and the sperm whale.Whalebone whales have no teeth.Their mouths contain huge comblike fringes of baleen or whalebone.This horny substance is usually black.All whalebone whales feed by straining small animals from the water.The mouth is filled with water and the water is then forced out through the fringes by the tongue.The animals caught in the baleen are swept into the stomach by the tongue. All whalebone whales are large animals, which are usually found in cold seas.They include the blue whales, the right whales, and the rorquals.The future of many of the larger kinds of whales is uncertain. Whalers have killed so many blue, bowhead, humpback, and right whales that those species are threatened with extinction. Overhunting has also greatly reduced the number of fin and sei whales.Also, if the human population does not stop increasing, people may have to compete with whales for food in the seA．Some nations have begun fishing for krill.Krill is the chief food of whales in Antarctic waters.1. It is apparent from the first paragraph that whales can swimeasily in the sea partly because they have______.A.good bodily resistance to waterB.only a few small bones inside the bodyC.neither hind limbs nor body hairD.a thick layer of fat under the skin正确答案：C2. If they run onto the shore and are unable to get away from it whales will soon die because______.A.they can't find anything to eat on the shoreB.their great weight prevents them from breathing inC.they are left exposed to a lot of poisonous airD.their sensitivity to carbon dioxide in the blood increases to a fatal point正确答案：B3. One of the reasons why whales can make long and deep dives is that______.A.they are able to renew their air supply under waterB.they don't need any extra oxygen supply in the musclesC.they renew only about one-fourth of the air in their lungs at a timeD.they are little affected by carbon dioxide in the blood正确答案：D4. Which of the following is true of whalebone whales according to the passage?A.They live mainly on plants.B.They are more dangerous than tooth whales.C.They get small water animals as their fooD．D.They are frequently found in warm seas.正确答案：C5. We can learn from the passage all of the following about whales except that______.A.their blubber performs two important functionsB.they vary greatly in sizeC.overhunting places some of their species in danger of extinctionD.they struggle hard to compete with humans for food in the sea正确答案：DPassage ThreeJunk Hunting淘旧货Anyone who thinks exploration always involves long journeys should have his head examined.Or, better, he should put on hisoldest clothes and go off in search of a junk shop. There are three kinds—one full of discarded books, one full of discarded Government equipment, and one full of discarded anything.A junk shop may havefour walls and a roof,or it may be no more than a trestle-table in an open air market;but there is one infallible test:no genuine junk shopkeeper will ever pester you to make up your mind and buy something. And you are no true junk shopper if you march purposefully round the shop as if you knew exactly what you wanteD．You must browse, gently chewing the cud of your idle thoughts, and nibbling here and there as a sight or a touch of the goods that lie about you. Yet you must also possess a penetrating glance, darting youreyes about you to spot the treasures that may lurk beneath the rubbish. This is what makes junk shopping such a satisfying voyage of exploration. You never know what interesting and unexpected thing you may discover next. For in a true junk shop, not even theproprietor is always quite sure what his dusty stock conceals. Thereis always the chance that you may pick up a first edition, a pair of exotic ear-rings, a piece of early Wedgwood china, or a cine camera—and possess it for the price of fifty cigarettes.But this kind of treasure hunt is only a sideline to the true junk shopper. The real attraction lies in finding something that catches your own especial fancy, though everybody else may pass it by. An ancient tarnished clock, whose brass beneath your hands will shine anew; empty boxes that you can see transformed into the framework ofa bookcase; an old bound volume of magazines of three-quarters of a century ago, which will shed strange sidelights on the ways ourgreat-grandparents behaved and looked at life.When you begin junk shopping, half the attraction is that yougo with absolutely no intention of buying anything. You spend yourfirst couple of Saturday afternoons ambling around among dusty shelves, savouring a page or a chapter as you please, or fingering the piles of oddments that litter counters or tables. At first, be warned, don't try to buy. You may, indeed you should, ask the price of this and that; but just to give you an idea of what the junk shopkeeper thinks you might be willing to pay him.Later, you will find yourself returning a second and third time to something that has caught your fancy. And when you can hold back no longer, bargaining begins in earnest. This is the other great attraction of the true junk shop. Not only may it hold every conceivable product from every imaginable country; it also transports you to the mediaeval market place or the oriental bazaar, where no price is fixed until buyer and seller have waged a friendly war together, and proved each other's mettle. And this is where your old clothes become important: let no one take you for a rich connoisseur, or you will find yourself paying a rich man's prices. And avoid atall costs the suspicion of an American accent, or in spite of the good nature of all good junk shopkeepers, you will be for it.1. The author equates junk shopping with exploration because both involve______.A.traveling long distancesB.careful preparationC.a spirit of adventureD.discovering unheard of places正确答案：C2. The part "gently chewing the cud of your idle thoughts" implies that the junk hunter is______.A.eating sweets or gum as he wanders aroundB.not thinking of anythingC.ruminating on this and thatD.thinking of many things at the same time正确答案：C3. According to the passage a true junk hunter hopes to______.A.find something invaluableB.discover something newC.discover something exoticD.find a bargain正确答案：D4. The author suggests that the junk buyer's main reason for bargaining is______.A.to fix a priceB.that he hasn't enough moneyC.that it's expectedD.to ask a price正确答案：A5. From the passage we understand that speaking with an American accent______.A.arouses suspicion in the junk shopkeeperB.increases the price of the goodsC.engenders friendliness in the shopkeeperD.increases the chance of bargaining正确答案：BPassage FourThe Disaster of Terrorism恐怖主义的灾难by Craig KielburgerNew York has an energy of its own, and that late summer evening, I truly understood why. All around me the city was alive withactivity as everyone headed in different directions. The Big Apple's fabled ambition, wealth, and power were on full display, in the sleek cars stopped by the curb, the bright windows of the bustling restaurants, and the studied nonchalance of stylish young people out on the town. As I cut through the financial district, I passed the Twin Towers, shimmering in the streetlights.Then came the next morning. Even before I heard what was happening, it was clear that something was terribly wrong: therewas an unfamiliar edge of desperation to the city's usual hectic pace. At a friend's house, uneasy but unsure why, I turned on the TV news. Within seconds, I saw one, then another, plane crash into the World Trade Center. Time stopped．I was hit by the sickening realizationthat what I was seeing was real. I found it difficult to breathe as I stared blankly at the television scene. The horror hit me in waves, each more intense than the last.A short distance away, people were injured, trapped, and dying. America was under attack. Again and again, the brutal images flashed by. The city was in a state of emergency. People were being told to stay inside and off the phones. Airports were closed, bridges clogged．That evening there was a knock on the door. On the doorstep stood a ragged man looking frightened and shaken, covered with a thick layer of dust. His eyes were wide and strangely glazed, and his body seemed to tremble. He turned out to be one of the few to have made it out of the World Trade Center alive. As my host and I later learned, this man had spent the day wandering the city-in shock, trying to get through to his wife on his cell phone. When he finally reached her, tearful and happy beyond belief, she had reminded him that an acquaintance, myhost, lived in the areA．And so he stood there confused andfull of apologies, unsure of what to say or do. Of course, he was immediately invited in. No sooner did he step across the threshold than he collapsed into a nearby chair. He would later say it was a miracle he was still alive.The events that day rocked me to the core. Grieving for those affected, I realized that had things been different, I might have been at the World Trade Center myself. In the midst of my sadness and fear, I felt profoundly grateful to be alive. Twenty-four hours earlier, caught up in meeting after meeting, my biggest problem had seemed to be adding a few more hours onto the day. Now that world seemed so far away. Reeling from the tragedy, I realized that each and every hour I had was a blessing that not everyone would enjoy. I vowed never again to think of time as a problem-but only as a privilege.1. The ambition, wealth, and power of New York City were fully demonstrated in______.A.the dazzling cars, the brilliant shop windows, and the nonchalant stylish youthB.the dazzling cars, the brilliant shop windows, and the shimmering Twin TowersC.the Big Apple, the brilliant shop windows, and the nonchalantstylish youthD.the people in the streets, the brilliant shop windows, and the nonchalant stylish youth正确答案：A2. What happened on the second day of Craig's stay in New York City?A.an earthquakeB.a foreign invasionC.two airplanes crashing into the Twin TowersD.the collapse of many skyscrapers正确答案：C3. The word hectic in the sentence "there was an unfamiliar edge of desperation to the city's usual hectic pace" is most probably inthe meaning of______.A.in good orderB.full of excitement or hurried activityC.in a terrible wayD.in rapidity正确答案：B4. The man who showed up in the doorway was______.A.a friend of Craig'sB.a friend of his host'sC.a next-door neighborD.a fireman正确答案：B5. In the last paragraph, Craig expressed the idea that timeis______.A.burdenB.sadnessC.fearD.treasure正确答案：D。

笔译(长句翻译与so that)

(1) 也有农民迁往城市； (2) 随着农业机械化程度的提高； (3) 虽然局部地区有市中心迁往新兴郊区的情况； (4) 随着农村向城镇扩展。译文：虽然随着农村向城镇扩展，局部地区有市中心
迁往新兴郊区的情况，但是随着农业机械化程度的提高，也有农民迁往城市。(4) (3) (2) (1)
(1) If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flowerlike charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom coloring (2) which had so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, (3) she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, (4) whose cheeks were faintly mottled, (5) and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.
练习
And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.
分析：这个句子是一个带有分词短语的主句、两个宾语从句和一个非限制性定语从句组成的。全句有三层意思：（一）在一次关于选举结果的记者招待会上，总统发了言；（二）他说他不能够解释为什么共和党遭到这样大的失败；（三）这种情况最终会使共和党失去在众议院中长期享有的优势。在翻译过程中，我们把这句话分别叙述。

【大学笔译精品】汉英翻译教程—语序的变换

• 他想找一个可靠的人帮助工作。
• He wanted to get someone reliable to help in the work. • 今天报上有什么重要消息吗？
• Is there anything important in today’s paper? • 咱们到一个安静的地方去。
• (三）英语有时把一系列的单词定语放在所修饰的名词之前，但其顺序与汉语不尽相同，往往需要作适当的调整。
• 在汉语中，几个定语连用时，习惯上是把最能表明事物本质的放在最前面，而把表示规模大小、力量强弱的放在后面。
• 英语则往往与此相反，越是能表示事物基本性质的定语越要靠近它所修饰的名词。再者，往往根据定语和它所修饰的名词之间的关系来安排前后位置；定语和中心词关系愈密切，位置愈接近。如果关系远近难分，则按词的长短排列，短的在前，方大国。
• Britain was the first Western power to recognize People’s China.
• 农林牧副渔布局合理、全面发展、能够满足人民生活和工业发展需要的发达的农业（叶剑英《庆祝中华人民共和国成立三十周年大会上的讲话》）
于名词后)
• 4. 某些以-ible或-able结尾的形容词用作定语，与every， the only, 或形容词最高级连用来修饰一个名词时，也常放在所修饰的名词之后。例如：
• (1)我们一定要用一切可能的办法来帮助他们。
• We must help them in every way possible, (or in every possible way) • (2)这是这儿能找到的唯一参考书。
• (7) 几千朵美丽的红玫瑰 • thousands of red beautiful roses • (8) 一张木制小圆桌 • a small round wooden table • (9)党的坚强领导 • the strong Party leadership • (10)一位美国现代优秀作家 • an outstanding contemporary American writer • (11)他所有的朋友 • All his friends • (12)勤劳勇敢的人民 • a brave hard-working people

汉译英长句的翻译方法

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Case 1
改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。译：Great changes have taken place in
China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy.
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Case 2
我原来计划今年二月访问美国，后来不得不推迟，这使我感到很扫兴。
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Case 2
旧历新年快来了。这是一年中的第一件大事。除了那些负债过多的人以外，大家都热烈地欢迎这个佳节的到来.
The traditional New Year was soon approaching, the first big event of the year, and everyone, except those who owed heavy debts was enthusiastically looking forward to it.
Behind him came three men, all some forty to fifty years old. Fanning themselves with white paper fans, they advanced slowly.
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Case 3
表示方法和手段的部分，应从属于表示目的的部分
从属式连动式的几个动词有主次之分，主要动词与次要动词之间有目的，方式，条件，因果关系，翻译时，一般将主要动词译成英语的谓语动词，将其他的动词译成恰当的形式（不定式，分词，介词短语等），以表示出它们与谓语动词的逻辑关系。
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文学翻译练习
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; 黄色的树林里分出两条路 , 可惜我不能同时去涉足 , 我在那路口久久伫立 , 我向着一条路极目望去 , 直到它消失在丛林深处。

（完整版）专升本翻译常考句型总结及练习.doc

（完整版）专升本翻译常考句型总结及练习.doc专升本翻译常考句型总结及练习1、in order to \ so as to他努力学习以实现他的梦想。

他拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。

He studies very hard in order to make his dream come ture.He works very hard so as to make preparations for everything before3、so… that\Such….that他太自私了，一直都没有人愿意与他共事。

这本书很有趣，我一口气就把它读完了。

He is so selfish that no one wants to work together with him all along.It is such an interesting book that I finish reading it in a breath.4、would rath er do… than do他宁愿听别人讲也不愿自己说。

He would rather hear what others say than express his own opinion.5、 prefer doing to doing他在办公室的时候，他总是愿找些事做而不愿意闲着。

When he is in his office,he would always prefer finding somgthing to do to doing nothing.6、prefer to do… rather than do比起女人，男人总是宁愿在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。

Compared with women, men would always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.7、not only… but also在短短的三年的时间里他不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。

实用英语句型sothat

Practical English sentence pattern:
so that
பைடு நூலகம்
目录
• introduction • The usage of the "so that" sentence pattern • Example sentences of the so that sentence
pattern
Pay attention to context: Remember that the meaning of "so that" can vary depending on the context in which it is used. For example, it can be used to express a purpose or intention, but it can also be used to express a condition or result.
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Example sentences of the so that sentence
pattern
Example sentences expressing purpose
I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.
We left early so that we wouldn't miss the train.
a sentence-making exercise
总结词
通过造句练习掌握so that句型
详细描述
选择一个主题，如旅游、学习、日常生活等，使用so that句型编写5-10个句子。确保句子表达清晰、语法正确，并体现so that句型的用法。