2021高考英语词汇素材积累与学习(三十七)

2021高考英语词汇素材积累与学习（三十七）1、rid［］vt. 使摆脱, 解除…的负担, 从…中清除［语境］Let's get rid of this moldy old furniture.咱们把这件老掉牙的旧家具扔掉吧。

We have an extractor fan in the kitchen to get rid of the smell of cooking.我们的厨房里有台排气扇，用来消除油烟。

［考点］rid oneself of debt 还清债务；get [be] rid of 摆脱; 除掉, 拨除(眼中钉) ；rid oneself [sb., sth.] of 摆脱; 驱除; 除去; 解除2、ride［］v./n. 骑，乘［语境］She hasn't been out riding since the accident.她自从出了事故以後，一直没有骑马外出过。

The luxury model gives a smoother ride.坐这种豪华型汽车感觉很平稳。

3、right［］a. 右的，正确的 n. 右，权利 ad. 在右边，正确地［语境］The Normans ruled England by right of conquest.诺曼人征服了英格兰成了统治者。

It took me ages to put things to rights after the workmen had finished.工人干完活儿後，我用了很长时间才收拾好4、rigid［］a. 坚硬的，刚性的，严格的［巧记］同义词：hard（adv.努力地; 坚硬地）［语境］He’s very rigid in his ideas.他的想法非常固执。

［考点］派生词：rigidly adv.建造的很坚固的；rigidity n. He’s very rigid in his ideas. 他的想法非常固执。

5、r ing［］n. 戒指；环；铃声；（打）电话v. 按（铃），敲（钟）［语境］A high fence ringed the prison camp.有一道高高的铁丝网围著战俘营The playground rang with children's shouts.游戏场上到处都是儿童的喊叫声。

6、ripe［］a. 熟的，成熟的；（for）时机成熟的［巧记］反义词：raw（adj.生的）［语境］Most tomatoes are red when ripe, but some kinds are yellow.大多数西红柿成熟时是红色的，但有些品种是黄色的。

I like the luscious taste of ripe peaches.我喜欢熟桃的香甜味。

［考点］be ripe for... 时机成熟; 准备就绪; 即可...; 适于...7、rise［］v. 升起；起立；上涨；起义 n. 上涨，增高；起源［语境］She rose above her difficulties and became a tremendous success.她战胜了重重困难，取得了巨大的成功。

Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead on Easter Sunday.基督徒相信耶稣在那个星期日（後定为复活节）里复活了。

［考点］at rise of sun 太阳升起的时候；be on the rise 上涨, 上升; 变得更有价值8、risk［］n. 风险 vt. 冒风险［语境］Anyone swimming in this lake does so at his own risk.任何人在此湖中冒险游泳，后果自负。

He saved my life at the risk of his own.他冒着自己的生命危险挽救了我的生命。

［考点］at all risk无论如何，无论冒什么危险；at one’s own risk由自己负责；run a risk冒险9、r ival［］n. 竞争者，对手 v. 竞争，对抗 a. 竞争的［巧记］同义词：match（n.比赛, 竞赛; 相配者; 对手, 敌手）［语境］He was utterly unscrupulous in his competition with rival firms.他与对立公司竞争完全不讲道德。

The party leader has been supplanted by his rival.那位政党领导已被他的对手取而代之了。

［考点］without a rival 无可匹敌, 无敌10、roar［］n./v. 吼叫，怒号；轰鸣，咆哮［语境］The roar of the train reverberated in the tunnel.火车的轰隆声在隧道里回荡.They drove away from the city centre, the roar of the traffic still dinning in their ears.他们驶出了市中心, 但车来人往的喧嚣声仍在耳中回响.［考点］roar sb. down 大声喊叫得使某人停止讲话; 轰下台11、roast［］v. 烤，炙，烘［巧记］派生词：roaster（n.炙烤的人, 红烧烤炉, 烘烤器）roasting（n.烧烤; 烘焙; 干炒; 严厉批评; 非难）［语境］We supped on cold roast beef.我们晚饭吃的是凉的烤牛肉.We had fish for the first course, followed by roast fowl and fresh vegetables.我们吃的第一道菜是鱼, 接著上的菜是烤禽肉和新鲜蔬菜.［考点］donkey roast 盛大的节日集会或庆祝会；rule the roast 做主人, 当家12、rob［］v.（of）抢劫，盗取；非法剥夺［巧记］派生词：robber（n.强盗, 盗贼）［语境］Not only do they rob you, they smash everything too.他们不仅抢夺你的财物，还要把每样东西都捣毁。

Do not rob Peter to pay Paul.【谚】不要挖肉补疮。

13、role［］n. 角色，作用，任务，职责［语境］His dual role as a composer and a conductor made him very busy.他作曲家和指挥家的双重身份使他非常繁忙。

He's a natural for the role of Lear.他是李尔王这一角色的理想人选.［考点］play an important role in 在...中起重要作用14、roll［］v. 滚动；使摇摆；卷，卷起 n. 卷，卷形物；名单［语境］She rolled in for work twenty minutes late.她懒懒散散地来上班，迟到了二十分钟。

The ship was rolling heavily to and fro.那船晃来晃去很不平稳。

［考点］roll back 击退; 使物价回跌；roll call 点名; 点名时间; 点名号角；be rolling in 在...中打滚; 富于; 沉溺于15、root［］n. 根，根部；根本，根源 v. （使）生根，（使）扎根［巧记］反义词：branch（n. 树枝, 支流）［语境］Who's been rooting about among my papers?谁翻过我的文件了？Unhappiness is the root cause of his illness.不开心是他生病的根源。

［考点］at(the) root 根本上；by the roots 连根地; 从根本上16、rot［］v. （使）腐烂，（使）腐败，腐朽［语境］The rot set in when we lost that important customer in Japan.我们失去了日本的那家重要客户後，情况越来越糟了。

The meat will rot if it isn't kept cool.肉如果不冷藏就会腐败。

［考点］dry rot (植物)枯萎，(社会)内部腐败17、rough［］a. 粗糙的；粗野的，粗鲁的；大致的，粗略的［巧记］反义词：smooth（adj.平滑的, 光滑的）［语境］Could you give me a rough idea when you’ll be back？你能告诉我你大概什么时候回来吗？They complained rough handling by the police.他们抱怨受到警察粗野的对待。

［考点］rough sth out拟订事物的草案或纲要；cut up rough发脾气，暴跳如雷；in rough不精确，大约18、round［］a. 圆的 prep. 围绕 ad. 在周围 v. 绕行 n. （一）回合［语境］Let's have a good round of applause for the next performer.咱们为下一个表演者热烈鼓掌吧。

The earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳运转。

19、route［］n. 路线，路程［巧记］同义词: circuit［语境］The route was once much travelled but has fallen into disuse.这条路线旅行的人以前常走，但是现在已不用了。

The bus route goes as far as that, so you'll need to take a taxi.汽车路线到此为止了, 你得叫辆的士。

［考点］route的含义是“路线”，通常是迂回的，可以包括数条道路或街道，有时甚至包括小路、小巷。

使用范围也较广。

如：登山运动员所攀登的路线，实际上不是路；其它方面，如公共汽车所行经的“路线”，邮递员发送邮件的“路线”等20、row［］n. （一）排，（一）行；吵嚷 v. 划（船等），荡桨［语境］How can I read with all this row going on?吵闹的声音这样大，我怎能读书呢？He rowed the boat across the lake.他划船渡过湖面。

21、royal［］a. 王室的，皇家的［语境］The papers are full of stories about the royals.报纸上尽是些关于王室成员趣闻逸事的报道。