英语语法 定语从句讲解
英语语法讲解之定语从句
英语语法讲解之定语从句时间：2016-08-12作者：来源：学习方法网一．几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用)：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版•定语从句基本概念•关系代词引导定语从句目录•关系副词引导定语从句•介词+关系词引导定语从句•特殊类型定语从句•定语从句在句子中成分和位置•总结回顾与拓展延伸01定语从句基本概念定义与作用定义定语从句是对名词或代词进行修饰、限定的从句，其作用是提供更多关于所修饰词的信息。
作用使句子表达更具体、生动，有助于读者或听者更准确地理解所表达的内容。
前置定语通常将定语从句放在被修饰词的前面，如“漂亮的花园”中，“漂亮的”就是前置定语。
将定语从句放在被修饰词的后面，用逗号隔开，如“花园，漂亮的”中，“漂亮的”就是后置定语。
对被修饰词进行必要的限定，使句子意思更明确，如“我喜欢那本红色的书”中，“红色的”就是限定性定语从句。
对被修饰词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响句子意思的完整性，如“我昨天买了本书，它是关于历史的”中，“它是关于历史的”就是非限定性定语从句。
后置定语限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句结构形式与其他从句区别与名词性从句区别名词性从句在句子中充当主语、宾语等成分，而定语从句则充当定语成分，修饰名词或代词。
与状语从句区别状语从句表达主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因等背景信息，而定语从句则对名词或代词进行修饰、限定。
与同位语从句区别同位语从句对前面的名词进行解释说明，两者处于同等地位；而定语从句则对前面的名词进行修饰、限定，处于从属地位。
02关系代词引导定语从句关系代词种类及用法关系代词种类常见的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等。
用法关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等，连接先行词和从句，起到桥梁作用。
限制性定语从句中关系代词省略情况省略条件在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。
示例The book (that) I borrowed from the library is veryinteresting. 我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
定语从句语法讲解
定语从句语法讲解定语从句语法讲解“定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，下面店铺为大家带来的定语从句语法讲解！一、知识点梳理充当定语修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，由一定的连接词引导，连接词称为关系代词(which,that,as,whom,who,whose)或关系副词(when,where,why)1、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句起对先行词进行限定、区分的作用。
若去掉易产生歧义或使主句意义不明确。
(此类定语从句前后没有逗号)【eg】The dress that my mother bought for me is very beautiful. 我妈妈给我买的裙子很漂亮。
⑵非限定性定语从句与先行词之间的关系比较松散，只对先行词起说明和描述的作用。
若省去，剩余部分意义仍然完整，表达清楚。
(此类定语从句前后用逗号隔开)【eg】Your writings , which everyone admires , are verymarvelous.你的作品人人欣赏，实在是太了不起了。
Shakespeare , whose plays are popular , was a greatwriter.莎士比亚是个伟大的作家，他的剧作很受欢迎。
⑶某些情况下，一个定语从句既可以作限定性定语从句，又可以作为非限定性定语从句，但二者含义有差别。
【eg】There are ten cars here which are made in China.这里有十辆中国制造的车。
(这里可能还有其他的车) There are ten cars here , which are made in China. 这里有十辆车，它们都是中国制造的。
英语语法基础-第8讲形容词性从句
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从上面各句中，我们可以看出，英文的定语有多种表达方式，但无论用什么方式表达，译成中文，都是定语“……的”，位于被修饰的名词或代词之前。 但在英语中，单词作定语，一般要放在被修饰词之前；短语或从句做定语，必须放在被修饰词之后。 定语从句可以修饰名词、代词，或修饰整个句子。例： The man who gave us a talk this morning is Professor Li. Those who want to visit museum sign here, please. She got the first place in a writing competition, which made her parents so proud.
四、关系词的用法
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A. 关系代词的用法：关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等。关系代词本身没有单、复数之分。当他们在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数必须与它的先行词一致。例： Those who are singing are my classmates. Anyone who drives car must wear a seat belt.
只能由which引导的定语从句
四、关系词的用法
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（2）只能由which引导的定语从句 引导非限制性定语从句。 There has just been a heavy rain, which makes the farmers delighted. We missed the TV play, which was a pity. 用于介词后，跟介词一起引导定语从句。 This is the factory in which my father worked. China has hundreds of islands, of which Taiwan is the largest one.
定语从句讲解
二．语法讲解：定语从句I.定义1.什么叫作定语从句？定语从句（Attributive Clauses）由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
2.什么叫作关系词？引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, whic h, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
3.什么叫作定语？定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
4.什么叫作先行词？先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
II关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致1.who(主格，在定语从句中做主语), whom(宾格，做宾语)，两者“代替的是人”。
(1) Is he the man who wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who在从句中作主语）(2) He is the man (whom) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom在从句中作宾语，可省略）2.whose是所有格，用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of whic h互换）(1) They rushed over to help the man whose c ar had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解一、什么是定语从句？定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面，并对其进行进一步的说明或限制。
二、引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词主要有：that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- that用于修饰物，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- which用于修饰物，既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- who用于修饰人，常用来引导限制性定语从句；- whom用于修饰人，在非正式情况下，常省略为who，也可以引导非限制性定语从句；- whose表示所属关系，修饰人或物；- when表示时间，在定语从句中用来引导时间状语从句；- where表示地点，在定语从句中用来引导地点状语从句。
三、定语从句的位置和用法定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾，用来修饰名词或代词。
它可以进一步说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。
以下是一些示例：1. The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl, who is wearing a red dress, is my sister.who is wearinga red dress, is my sister.那个穿红裙子的女孩是我的妹妹。
3. The city where I was born is very beautiful.where I was born is very beautiful.我出生的城市非常美丽。
4. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.whose father is a doctor.我有一个朋友，他的父亲是医生。
定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解英语定语从句是一个非常重要的语法结构，它可以用来修饰名词或代词。
在定语从句中，从句起到一个形容词的作用，进一步说明所修饰的名词或代词。
定语从句由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导，这些引导词在从句中起到连接主句和从句的作用。
下面是一些解释和示例：1. 关系代词和关系副词：关系代词引导定语从句，包括who（人）、whom（人）、that（人或物）、which（物）、whose（所有格形式的who 或which），它们在从句中作为主语、宾语或定语。
Example 1: My friend, who is a doctor, recommended this book. （who作为主语）我的朋友是医生，他推荐了这本书。
Example 2: The woman whom I met yesterday was very kind. （whom作为宾语）我昨天遇到的那位女士很友善。
Example 3: This is the book that I bought yesterday. （that作为定语）这是我昨天买的那本书。
关系副词引导定语从句，包括where（地方）、when（时间）、why（原因），它们在从句中作为同位语或状语。
Example 4: This is the school where I study. （where 作为同位语）这是我就读的学校。
Example 5: The day when we met was very sunny.— 1 —（when作为状语）我们相遇的那一天阳光明媚。
2. 定语从句的位置：定语从句通常放在所修饰的名词或代词之后，一些例外情况是，当修饰的名词是疑问词（如what、who、which）或所有格时，定语从句可以放在句首。
Example 6: The book that I read yesterday was very interesting. （定语从句放在所修饰的名词后）我昨天看的那本书非常有趣。
英语语法讲解之定语从句
英语语法讲解之定语从句一、几个基本概念1.定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/which/whom/whose﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why﹙3﹚引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
﹙4﹚引导词的功能(作用)：①连接先行词和定语从句。
②在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
5.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句Eg.The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Eg.The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.=I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.=介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在相关动词之后。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.※﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
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课中讲解 四
• 定语从句的主谓一致问题： 2. one of + 复数名词+who/which/that +复数谓语
the only one of + 复数名词+ who/which/that +单数谓语
She is one of the students who ____ praised at the meeting yesterday.
（3）先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。 I have read all the books that you gave me.
课中讲解 二
注意 在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
（4）先行词被the only, the very 修饰。 This is the very pen that I am looking for. He is the only person that I want to talk to.
A．which
B．what
C．that
D．When
(南昌调研)You can only be sure of all ________ you have at present；
you cannot be sure of something ________ you might get in the future.
It's helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves
differently.
A．that B．When
C．which D．where
课中练习 三
I have reached a point in my life _______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A．which B．Where C．how D．Why
课中讲解 二
注意 在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
（2）先行词被序数词、the last或形容词的最高级所修饰。 The first thing that I learned will never be forgotten. This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
A．that; what
B．that; /
C．which; that
D．what; that
课中练习 二
(宁波联考)—Do you agree with her ideas at the meeting?
—Absolutely，what she's just said is the very idea _____ I want to express.
课中讲解 三
在定语从句中到底选用关系代词还是关系副词要看它们在从句中所充当 的句子成分来决定，有时同一个先行词往往关系词却不同。
This is the factory which / that produces TV sets. This is the factory where my father once worked.
课中讲解 一
• 引导词通常有三个作用： 1.引导定语从句； 2.指代先行词； 3.在定语从句中充当句子成分。 The book that you referred to is mine. • who/that 指人做主语 The man who/that gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher. The girl who/that is standing under the tree is my deskmate. • whom/that 指人做宾语,可省略 The teacher that/whom you referred to has retired. The boy that/whom you cared about is as stubborn as a donkey.
课中讲解 二
注意 在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。
（1）先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything 等 All that we have to do is to practise every day. Something that we heard was of great truth.
课中讲解 一
合并句子： 1.The man is a worker. 2.The man is speaking at the meeting. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
• 定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。被修饰的名词或 代词叫做先行词。
当先行词是all, everybody, nobody, anybody等不定代词时，如关系代词在从 句中当主语，则优先选用who连接主从句。 Anybody who refused to bow was thrown into prison without trial. Everybody who were willing to see the film signed their names here.
语法讲解——定语从句
上课时间： 老师：
课中讲解 一
合并句子： 1.The man is a worker. 2.The man is speaking at the meeting.
课中讲解 一
合并句子： 1.The man is a worker. 2.The man is speaking at the meeting. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
It's helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves
differently.
A．thatknow Della?
—Yes，it was last week ________ I surfed the Internet.
A．that
B．when C．since
D．before
课中讲解 三
在定语从句中到底选用关系代词还是关系副词要看它们在从句中所充当 的句子成分来决定，有时同一个先行词往往关系词却不同。
This is the factory which / that produces TV sets. This is the factory where my father once worked.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
课中讲解 一
• 基本结构：
课中讲解 一
• 引导词通常有三个作用： 1.引导定语从句； 2.指代先行词； 3.在定语从句中充当句子成分。 The book that you referred to is mine.
课中讲解 一
• 引导词通常有三个作用： 1.引导定语从句； 2.指代先行词； 3.在定语从句中充当句子成分。 The book that you referred to is mine. • who/that 指人做主语 The man who/that gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher. The girl who/that is standing under the tree is my deskmate.
课中练习 一
填写下列引导词。 • The boys ______ are playing basketball are from Grade One. • The young man ______ you saw yesterday is a famous writer.
• We watched the play “Teahouse” ______ was written by Lao She.
Here is a letter from Mr. Brown , who _____ to come to Paris.(want) I , who ____ your friend, will try my best to help you when you are in trouble.(be) Those who ____ late for the meeting shall be punished. (be)
（5）先行词既有人又有物时。 They talked of things and persons that they remembered.
课中练习 二
(衡水中学)They went on well at first but eventually everything ________
they had worried about happened.
I’ll never forget the day _______ we spent together in the countryside. I’ll never forget the day _______ his house was broken into.
课中讲解 四
• 定语从句的主谓一致问题： 1.定语从句中，关系代词在从句中作主语时，其后的谓语动词的人称和 数要与先行词保持一致。
课中讲解 一
• 引导词通常有三个作用： 1.引导定语从句； 2.指代先行词； 3.在定语从句中充当句子成分。 The book that you referred to is mine. • that/which 指物做主语 The book which/that belongs to me is valuable. The school which /that is being repaired is our new school.