宾语从句中考考点
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宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语,或位于间接宾语之后。宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位,几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面:
一、考查宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的连接词分为三类:
1.若由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句,其引导词由that引导;不过that只起引导作用,无具体意义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略.
eg:
1.He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.他说他想呆在家里。
2.I am sure (that) he will succeed.我相信他会成功。
2.当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时,其引导词由if或whether引导,意为“是否”,表示选择。
Eg:
1.I want to know if (whether) he lives there.我想知道他是否住那儿。
2.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.他问我是否可帮帮他。
whether和if用法巧计:
主从表从同位从,if不用whether用;
discuss加介后,whether引导宾语从;
不定式,or not后面跟,whether独能显神通;宾从如时否定句,if发挥其功用;
避免歧义要慎重,其他情况可换用。
注意:
在引导宾语从句时,if和whether一般可换用,但在下列几种情况下只用whether,不用if。
⑴当or not紧随引导词之后时。
Eg:
1.We didn't know whether or not she was ready.我们不知道她是否已经做好准备。
⑵当从句用作介词宾语时。
Eg:
1.I am interested in whether he joined the army.我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。
⑶当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。
Eg:
1.Whether this is true or not, I'm not sure.这是否真实,我不敢肯定。
4.在不定式前用whether
Eg:
I don’t know whether to stay here.
(不过if可引导条件状语从句,whether则不可。)
3.当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来时,则特殊疑问词便是引导词(如who
/whose /what /which;when/where/why/how等),它们均充当一定成分,一般不可省略。
Eg:
1.Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?你知道他们在等谁?
2.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?你能告诉我三路车站在哪儿?
3.I don’t know why the train is late.我不知道火车为什么晚点了?注意:
引导词的选择应依据句子成分及具体语境。
宾语从句的引导词练习题:
1.-
5.ABACB 6-
ABAA
1.The teacher asked me I need any help.
A. whether
B. that
C. what
2.—Do you still rember___ he came here?—Yes,I do. He came by bus.
A. when
B. how
C. what
3.Do you know__ we will talk about at tomorrow's meeting?
A. what
B. that
C. where
4.—Could you tell me___ she is looking for?—Her cousin,Susan.
A. what
B. whose
C. who
5.I don't know ___Tom will go or not.
A. what
B. whether
C. how
6.Bob didn’t tell the others ___ he found it.
A. what
B. that if
C. how
A. that
B. whether
C. what
10.The foreigner asked me ___ I could speak English.
A. if
B. what
C. that
11.This is not my watch. Do you know ___it is?
A. whose
B. which
C. who
二、考查宾语从句的语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,也无论主从句之间是什么引导词,宾语从句一律用陈述句语序即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”结构。从句中不会出现像do,did,does这三个无意义的助动词。常用的出题形式为单项选择题、句型转换题(直接引语转换为间接引语此类的题)。
Eg:
1.I think (that) you will like this school soon.我认为你不久就会喜欢这所学校。
2.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?你能告诉我怎样才能到达动物园好吗?
3.Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.请告诉我什么时候开会。
宾语从句的语序练习题:1-
5.ACCAB 6-
11.BAACCC
1.I want to know ___ the day after tomorrow.
A. what he will do
B. what will he do
C. what he did
2.The teacher asked Lucy ___.
B. what did she like best
C. if she could speak Chinese
3.Could you tell me ___?