AIIB英文简介
世界各组织徽标、性质、宗旨
世界各组织徽标1.欧洲共同体徽标——欧盟中文名称：欧洲共同体，又称欧洲共同市场（简称欧共体）英文名称：European Communities;成立时间：1967年7月1日总部：比利时的布鲁塞尔创始国：法国、德意志联邦共和国、意大利、荷兰、比利时和卢森堡6国性质：是欧洲经济、政治一体化，并具有一定超国家机制和职能的国际组织。
会徽含义：1988年1月开始使用，会徽的底呈蓝色，上面12颗星围成一个圆圈，象征着欧盟12个成员国。
2.北大西洋公约组织中文名称：北大西洋公约组织（北约组织或北约）英文名称：NATO，North Atlantic Treaty Organization成立时间：1949年4月4日总部：比利时的布鲁塞尔性质：军事同盟，是一个为实现防卫协作而建立的国际组织宗旨：成员国在集体防务和维持和平与安全方面共同努力，促进北大西洋地区的稳定和福利。
成员：28个，美国和西欧会徽含义：中间的四角星代表北极星，为指明方向之意，将世界引向正确的道路，防止以苏联为首的共产主义势力对世界秩序的破坏，维护世界自由、和平与稳定。
蓝色的背景除象征海洋之外，也象征成员国是海洋文明、蓝色文明，也有和平、自由之意。
白色的条文象征成员国在共同的理念、利益上团结一致，是象征团结的纽带。
3.联合国中文名称：联合国英文名称：United Nations (UN)成立时间：1945年成立地点：美国加州旧金山总部：所在地是美国纽约、瑞士日内瓦、奥地利维也纳、肯尼亚内罗毕；成立标志：1945年10月24日在美国加州旧金山签定生效的《联合国宪章》标志着联合国正式成立。
性质：是一个由主权国家组成的国际组织，世界最大、最重要、最具代表性和权威的国际组织。
宗旨：一、维持国际和平及安全；并为此目的：采取有效集体办法，以防止且消除对于和平之威胁，制止侵略行为或其他和平之破坏；并以和平方法且依正义及国际法之原则，调整或解决足以破坏和平之国际争端或情势。
one-belt-and-one-road一带一路-英文演讲学习资料
joint contribution and
joint benefit
New Development Bank is a proposed international financial institution which is focused on supporting infrastructure construction of these 5 BRICS and other developing countries.
3 Reverse balance of payments situation
Infrastructure Networks
Sources of funds
AIIB is a proposed SCODB is multilateral international financial development finance
One Belt and One ne Road”
• “One Belt and One Road" short for "Silk Road Economic Belt" and "21st Century Maritime Silk Road"
Countries and regions along the “One Belt, One Road ” data such as population and economic scale
priority areas important content social foundation
The Back-up Force of OBOR
1. High-speed diplomacy 2. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Development Bank 3. Silk Road fund
生活中常见的英文缩写词语的全称及意义
考试相关英语词语（2）
7. GRE Graduate Record Examination （研究生入学英语考试）
8. EPT English Proficiency Test （英语水平考试）
9. NIT National Applied Information Level Test（全国计算机应用水平考试）
8. 5G 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology（第五代移动通信技术）
商业活动相关英语词语
1. ISO International Standardization Organization（国际标准化组织）
2. QC Quality Control（质量控制，质量管理）
3. AI Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）
4. KB, MB, GB Kilobyte （千字节），Mega Byte （兆字节）, Giga Byte （千兆字节）
5. CAI computer assisted instruction（计算机辅助教学）
6. CAD computer aided design （计算机辅助设计）
16. CPU Central Processing Unit （中央处理器）
网络相关的英语缩写词语
1. WWW World Wide Web（万维网）
2. HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol （超文本传输协议）
3. IP Internet Protocol（互联网协议）
3. IT Information Technology （信息技术）
托福阅读素材：亚投行AIIB是如何产生的
托福阅读素材：亚投行AIIB是如何产生的To the alphabet soup of international development banks (ADB, AfDB, CAF, EBRD, IADB), add one more set of initials: AIIB, or for the uninitiated, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. On October 24th, representatives from 21 Asian nations signed an agreement to establish the AIIB, which, as its name suggests, will lend money to build roads, mobile phone towers and other forms of infrastructure in poorer parts of Asia. China spearheaded the bank and hopes to formally launch it by the end of next year.国际发展银行的字母组合中又多了一种：AIIB，对不熟悉这个行业的人来说，它的全称是亚洲基础设施投资银行。
2014年10月24日，21个亚洲国家的代表签署协议创办亚投行。
正如它的名称所述，亚投行将为亚洲不发达国家和地区的道路、移动电话信号发射塔等基础设施建设提供贷款。
作为亚投行的领导者，中国希望它能在明年年底前正式投入运营。
More money for critical projects might seem unambiguously good, but the AIIB has stoked controversy because Asia already has a multilateral lender, the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Why is China creating a new development bank for Asia?重要项目获得更多的资金看起来无疑是件好事，但亚投行引发的争议在于，亚洲已经存在一个多边贷款机构亚洲发展银行(简称ADB)了，为什么中国要为亚洲再创建一个新的发展银行?China’s official answer is that Asia has a massive infrastructure funding gap. The ADB has pegged the hole at some $8 trillion between 2010 and 2020. Existing institutions cannot hope to fill it: the ADB has a capital base (money both paid-in and pledged by member nations) of just over $160 billion and the World Bank has $223 billion. The AIIB will start with $50 billion in capital — hardly enough for what is needed but still a helpful boost.中国的官方回答是亚洲存在巨大的基础设施资金缺口。
中国经济概况中英文介绍
中国经济概况中英文介绍中国经济概况（中文）：中国经济是世界上最大的经济体之一，自改革开放以来，中国经济取得了长足的发展。
中国是世界上最大的出口国和第二大进口国，拥有世界上最大的人口和劳动力资源。
中国的国内生产总值（GDP）在全球范围内排名第二，仅次于美国。
中国的制造业、农业和服务业都在全球市场上占有重要地位。
中国还是许多国际组织和机构的成员，包括世界贸易组织（WTO）和亚洲基础设施投资银行（AIIB）等。
China's Economic Overview (English):The Chinese economy is one of the largest in the world, and has made significant progress since the introduction of economic reforms. China is the world's largest exporter and the second largest importer, with the largest population and labor force. China's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ranks second globally, trailing only the United States. The country's manufacturing, agriculture, and service sectorsall play significant roles in the global market. China is also a member of many international organizations and institutions, including the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), among others.。
bilibili英语介绍
同人画网站
Activities of Bilibili
Bilibili MMD Competition (Miku Miku Dance) The night of summer's kichiku competition (夏夜鬼畜大赛) Bilibili Dancing Festival BML----Bilibili Macro Link Bilibili萌节 Bilibili 学园嘉年华 Bilibili 动画角色人气大赏（MOE） Bilibili 爱相随
bilibili
A Video Website
B站:Bilibili弹幕视频站 网址:/
bilibili- ( ゜- ゜)つロ 乾杯~
bilibili's brief introduction
Bullet Screen or Dan Mu（弹幕） Predecessor （前身） ： Mikufans. Belong to SMG （上海东方传媒集团有限公司）
Bilibili MMD Competition MMD is short for MikuMikuDance
The night of summer's kichiku competition The best activity for somebody who likes kichuku
Bilibili Dancing Festival
thank you
山下智博
老E 黑桐谷歌
chimera君（奇美拉） 怕上火喝王老菊
神奇陆夫人
12dora（账号已经被封了） 允星河
排骨教主
bilibili membership system Full Member
一带一路 英文介绍
一带一路英文介绍The Belt and Road Initiative: A Transformative Global StrategyThe Belt and Road Initiative, also known as the One Belt, One Road (OBOR) project, is an ambitious and far-reaching global development strategy proposed by the Chinese government. This grand initiative aims to connect Asia, Europe, and Africa through a vast network of infrastructure projects, including railways, roads, ports, and energy pipelines. The ultimate goal of this initiative is to foster economic cooperation, strengthen cultural ties, and enhance regional integration among the participating countries.At the heart of the Belt and Road Initiative is the revival of the ancient Silk Road trade routes that once connected the East and the West. The "Belt" refers to the Silk Road Economic Belt, which is a land-based route stretching from China to Europe through Central Asia, while the "Road" refers to the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road, a sea-based route connecting China's coast to Europe through the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea.The Belt and Road Initiative was first introduced by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 and has since gained significant momentum, withmore than 140 countries and international organizations signing on to participate in the project. The initiative is not just about infrastructure development; it also encompasses economic, cultural, and diplomatic cooperation, aiming to create a new era of globalization that is more inclusive and mutually beneficial.One of the key aspects of the Belt and Road Initiative is its focus on infrastructure development. The initiative has already led to the construction of several major projects, including the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, the China-Laos Railway, and the Budapest-Belgrade Railway. These projects are not only improving connectivity and facilitating trade but also creating jobs and boosting economic growth in the participating countries.Another crucial element of the Belt and Road Initiative is its emphasis on policy coordination and financial integration. The initiative has established several financial institutions, such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Silk Road Fund, to provide funding for the various projects. These institutions are designed to complement existing global financial institutions and offer an alternative source of financing for developing countries.The cultural and diplomatic aspects of the Belt and Road Initiative are also noteworthy. The initiative aims to promote cultural exchanges and mutual understanding among the participatingcountries. It has supported various cultural events, educational exchanges, and people-to-people interactions, with the goal of fostering a sense of shared prosperity and community.Diplomatically, the Belt and Road Initiative has helped to strengthen China's relationships with many countries in Asia, Africa, and Europe. By collaborating on infrastructure projects and economic initiatives, China has been able to deepen its ties with these nations and position itself as a key player in global affairs.However, the Belt and Road Initiative has also faced some challenges and criticisms. Some countries have expressed concerns about the potential debt traps associated with the initiative, as well as the environmental and social impact of some of the infrastructure projects. There have also been geopolitical tensions, with some countries viewing the initiative as a means for China to expand its influence and challenge the existing global order.Despite these challenges, the Belt and Road Initiative remains a transformative global strategy with the potential to reshape the world's economic and geopolitical landscape. As the initiative continues to evolve and expand, it will be important to address the concerns and ensure that the benefits are shared equitably among all the participating countries.In conclusion, the Belt and Road Initiative is a bold and ambitious project that aims to connect the world through infrastructure development, economic cooperation, and cultural exchange. It represents a new era of globalization that is more inclusive and mutually beneficial, and its success could have far-reaching implications for the global economy and international relations.。
人工智能介绍英文优选文档
Recently, there was a news that Saudi Arabia granted nationality for a robot named Sofia .
Google has set up an ethics committee to deal specifically with and monitor related issues in the field of artificial intelligence
This is the United States Google's Boston power company's latest release of a robot called Handle.
This is Spot:
And this is Atlas
It is up to 1.9 meters tall and weighs about 150 kilograms, walking like a human being with his legs. It is mainly used to assist in the rescue work, but after programming, it has the ability to pass through the rugged terrain and the operation of electrical equipment, can form the future “mechanical infantry regiment”".
Artificial intelligence has a saying: singularity! After the singularity, artificial intelligence can create a more intelligent artificial products, and then the development of the slope will suddenly steep up.
亚投行简介中英文
中国将举办亚洲基础设施投资银行（以下简称亚投行）的签字仪式。这一新成立的国际金融机构将成为世界银行和亚洲发展银行的竞争对手。 the bank's initial capital.
57个国家的代表 Germany, Australia and South Korea are among the founding members. 英国、德国、澳大利亚和韩国都是创办会员国。
美国对这一新机构的管理标准提出质疑，认为这是中国“软实力”的扩张。 The AIIB, which was created in October by 21 countries, led by China, will fund 去年10月，在中国的主导下，21个国家创立了亚投行。它将为亚洲的能源、交通和基础设施项目提供资金。
It is one of several institutions China has created to push its own economic agenda, largely driven by frustration over its lack of influence in the big global financial institutions such as the World Bank, says the BBC's Martin Patience in Beijing.
AIIB
主要业务:
援助亚太地区国家的基础设施建设。在全面投入运营后，亚投行 运用一系列支持方式为亚洲各国的基础设施项目提供融资支持——包 括贷款、股权投资以及提供担保等，以振兴包括交通、能源、电信、 农业和城市发展在内的各个行业投资。
成立意义——中国为什么要主导建立AIIB以及作为投 资银行对中国经济的影响？
成员概况:
亚投行联合国安理会五大常任理事国已占四席：中国、英国、法国、 俄罗斯。 G20国家中已占13席：中国、印度、印度尼西亚、沙特阿拉伯、法 国、德国、意大利、英国、澳大利亚、土耳其、韩国、巴西、俄罗 斯。 西方七国集团已占四席：英国、法国、德国、意大利。
金砖国家全部加入亚投行：中国、俄罗斯、印度、巴西、南非。
1.补充当前亚洲开发银行（ADB）在亚太地区的投融资与国际援助 职能。
2.推动IMF和WB的进一步改革。
3.成为人民币国际化的制度保障，方便人民币“出海”。 4.ADB，为何中国又要主导建立另一个“世界银行”？
2.亚投行的建立会不会引起外交争端？
AIIB
简介
全称：亚洲基础设施投资银行 外文名称：Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank （AIIB）
成立时间：2014年10月24日
成员国：57个（截至15.4.15）
总部地点：中国北京金融街
注册资本：1000亿美元（其中中国出资500亿）
按大洲分，亚洲34个，欧洲18个，大洋洲2个，美洲1个，非洲2个， 总计57国（及台湾地区）已全部成为正式的意向创始成员国。
成立背景：
2013年10月2日下午，中国国家主席习近平在雅加达同印度尼西 亚总统苏西洛举行会谈时表示，为促进本地区互联互通建设和经 济一体化进程，中方倡议筹建亚洲基础设施投资银行（Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank），愿向包括东盟国家在内的本 地区发展中国家基础设施建设提供资金支持。
说说亚投行
良好的治理是我们的标志，我们努力以透明和问责制的最高标准运作。
银行的所有权力都归属于我们的理事会，它是根据协定条款的最高决策机构。
我们的非居民董事会负责银行的一般经营方向，行使董事会赋予的所有权力，其中 包括：批准银行的战略、年度计划和预算；制定政策；银行的经营；监督银行的经 营管理；建立监督机制。
THANK YOU
THANK YOU FOR YOUR WATCHING
why
02
• 在全球层面上，亚投行建立的主要背景是新兴大国 的异军突起。 • 在区域层面上，亚投行建立的主要背景是亚洲基础 设施落后。 • 在国家层面上，亚投行建立的主要背景是中国进入 “新常态”。
• 国家利益是国际关系的决定性因素，国家间的共同利益是国家合作的 基础。亚投行的建立有利于维护中国和各成员国的共同利益。 • 合作是国际关系的基本形式。亚投行的建立是国际合作，有利于促进 我国及各成员国在共同发展中促进合作共赢。 • 和平与发展是当今时代的主题。亚投行的建立有利于推动区域的和平 与经济发展，特别是发展中国家的发展。 • 世界多极化深入发展是当今国际形势的一个突出特点。亚投行的建立 有利于反对霸权主义和强权政治、促进世界和平与发展，推动建立公 正、合理的国际政治经济新秩序。 • 当前的国际竞争的实质是以经济和科技实力为基础的综合国力的较量。 亚投行的建立有利于增强各成员国的综合国力，更好地应对国际竞争。 • 亚投行的建立体现了我国奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，走和平发展 的道路，为各国分享发展机遇，体现了中国主张、中国智慧和中国担 当。
• 人民币国际化 • 丝绸之路计划的大规模融资 • 国内基础设施建设过剩产能的输性因素，国家间的共同利益是国家合作的 基础。通过维护中国和各成员国的共同利益。 • 合作是国际关系的基本形式。积极国际合作，促进我国及各成员国在 共同发展中促进合作共赢。 • 和平与发展是当今时代的主题。积极推动区域的和平与经济发展，特 别是发展中国家的发展。 • 世界多极化深入发展是当今国际形势的一个突出特点。要反对霸权主 义和强权政治、促进世界和平与发展，推动建立公正、合理的国际政 治经济新秩序。 • 当前的国际竞争的实质是以经济和科技实力为基础的综合国力的较量。 增强各成员国的综合国力，更好地应对国际竞争。 • 我国要继续奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，走和平发展的道路，为各 国分享发展机遇、中国主张、中国智慧和中国担当。
亚投行(AIIB)英文介绍
维基百科亚投行英文介绍The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is a proposed international financial institution which is focused on supporting infrastructure construction in the Asia-Pacific region. The bank was proposed as an initiative by the government of China[5] andsupported by 37 regional and 20 non-regional members Prospective Founding Members,51 of which have signed the Articles of Agreement that form the legal basis for theproposed bank. The bank starts operation after the agreement enters into force, which requires 10 ratifications, holding a total number of 50% of the initial subscritions of the Authorized Capital Stock. Countries with a large GDP that did not become PFM are the US, Japan (which dominated the ADB) and Canada.AIIB is regarded by some as a rival for the IMF, the World Bank and the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB),[6] which are regarded as dominated by developed countries like the United States.[6] The United Nations has addressed the launch of AIIB as "scaling up financing for sustainable development"[7] for the concern of Global EconomicGovernance.[8]The bank was proposed by China in 2013[9] and the initiative launched at a ceremony in Beijing in October 2014.[10] The Articles of Agreement (AOA) were signed by 50 PFMs on29 June 2015, which become a party to the agreement through ratification. As of July2015, 1 state (Myanmar) has ratified the agreement, formally becoming a foundingmember.[1]Contents[hide]∙ 1 Historyo 1.1 AIIB within PRC policy thinking▪ 1.1.1 Fostering LT economic development▪ 1.1.2 Infrastructure as regional integration and foreign policy tool∙ 2 Legal basis and Membershipo 2.1 Founding Memberso 2.2 non Prospective Founding Members▪ 2.2.1 Dependent territories▪ 2.2.2 Other states∙ 3 Shareholding Structure∙ 4 Management structure∙ 5 Receptiono 5.1 Environmental record∙ 6 See also∙7 References∙8 External linksHistory[edit]The first news reports about the AIIB appeared in October 2013.[11] The Chinese government has been frustrated with what it regards as the slow pace of reforms and governance, and wants greater input in global established institutions like the IMF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank which it claims are dominated by American, European and Japanese interests.[6]In April 2014, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered a keynote speech at the opening of the Boao Forum for Asia and said that China was ready to intensify consultations with relevant parties in and outside Asia on the preparations for the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.[12]The Asian Development Bank Institute published a report in 2010 which said that the region requires $8 trillion to be invested from 2010 to 2020 in infrastructure for the region to continue economic development.[6][13] In a 2014 editorial, The Guardian newspaper wrote that the new bank could allow Chinese capital to finance these projects and allow it a greater role to play in the economic development of the region commensurate with its growing economic and political clout.[14] But until March 2015, China in the ADB has only 5.47 percent voting right, while Japan and US have a combined 26 percent voting right (13 percent each) with a share in subscribed capital of 15.7 percent and 15.6 percent, respectively. Dominance by both countries and slow reforms underlie China's wish to establish the AIIB, while both countries worry about China's increasing influence.[15]In June 2014 China proposed doubling the registered capital of the bank from $50 billion to $100 billion and invited India to participate in the founding of the bank.[16][17] On 24 October 2014, twenty-one countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) regarding the AIIB in Beijing, China: Bangladesh, Brunei, Cambodia, China India, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Mongolia, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Uzbekistan andVietnam.[18] Indonesia's joining was slightly delayed due to their new presidential administration not being able to review the membership in time.[19] Indonesia signed the MOU on 25 November 2014.The U.S. allegedly tried to keep Australia and South Korea from becoming prospective founding members, after they expressed an interest in it.[20] However, both Australia and South Korea applied to join the bank in March 2015.[21][22][23]Hong Kong's Financial Secretary John Tsang announced in his budget speech in February 2015 that the territory would join the AIIB.[24] It did however not become one of the prospective founding members and negotiated as part of the Chinese delegation.In early March 2015, the United Kingdom's Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, announced that the UK had decided to apply to join the Bank, becoming the first major Western country to do so. The announcement was criticised by the U.S. ObamaAdministration. A US government official told Financial Times, "We are wary about a trend toward constant accommodation of China, which is not the best way to engage a rising power." The official further stated that the British decision was taken after "no consultation with the US."[25] In response, the UK indicated that the subject had been discussed between Chancellor Osborne and US Treasury Secretary Jack Lew for several months preceding the decision. It was further stated that joining the bank as a founding member would allow the UK to influence the development of the institution. By encouraging Chinese investments in the next generations of nuclear power plants, Osborne announced that "the City of London would become the base for the first clearing house for the yuan outside Asia."[26]Following the criticism, the White House National Security Council, in a statement to The Guardian, declared, "Our position on the AIIB remains clear and consistent. The United States and many major global economies all agree there is a pressing need to enhance infrastructure investment around the world. We believe any new multilateral institution should incorporate the high standards of the World Bank and the regional development banks. Based on many discussions, we have concerns about whether the AIIB will meet these high standards, particularly related to governance, and environmental and social safeguards … The international community has a stake in seeing the AIIB complement the existing architecture, and to work effectively alongside the World Bank and Asian Development Bank."[27]Three other European states: Germany, France and Italy – followed the UK's decision to join the AIIB in March. German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble stated, "We want to contribute our long-standing experience with international financial institutions to the creation of the new bank by setting high standards and helping the bank to get a high international reputation."[28] In March 2015, the South Korean Ministry of Strategy and Finance announced that it, too, is planning to join the AIIB, citing its potential in benefiting South Korean companies win deals in infrastructural projects as well expanding South Korea's influence in international banking as a founding member.[29] States could indicate their interest in becoming a Prospective Founding Member until 31 March 2015.Negotiations took place in the framework of 5 Chief Negotiators Meetings (CNMs) which took place between November 2014 and May 2015. The Articles of Agreement, the legal framework of the proposed bank, were concluded in the fifth CNM. It was signed on 29 June 2015 by 50 of the named 57 prospective founding members in Beijing.AIIB within PRC policy thinking[edit]Fostering LT economic development[edit]The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank can be construed as a natural inter-national extension of the infrastructure-driven economic development framework that has sustained the rapid economic growth of China since the adoption of the Chinese economic reform under chairman Deng Xiaoping. It stems from the notion that long-termeconomic growth can only be achieved through massive, systematic, and broad-based investments in infrastructure assets – in contrast with the more short-term "export-driven" and "domestic consumption" development models favored by mainstream Neoclassical economists and pursued inconsiderately by many developing countries in the 1990s and the first decade of the 21st century with generally disappointing results.[30][31]Infrastructure as regional integration and foreign policy tool[edit]In his 29 March 2015 speech at the Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) annual conference, President Xi Jinping insisted that "the Chinese economy is deeply integrated with the global economy and forms an important driving force of the economy of Asia and even the world at large. […] China's investment opportunities are expanding. Investment opportunities in infrastructure connectivity as well as in new technologies, new products, new business patterns, and new business models are constantly springing up. […] China's foreign cooperation opportunities are expanding. We support the multilateral trading system, devote ourselves to the Doha Round negotiations, advocate theAsia-Pacific free trade zone, promote negotiations on regional comprehensive economic partnership, advocate the construction of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), boost economic and financial cooperation in an all-round manner, and work as an active promoter of economic globalization and regional integration", insisting that the Silk Road Fund and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank would foster "economic connectivity and a new-type of industrialization [in the Asia Pacific area], and [thus] promote the common development of all countries as well as the peoples' joint enjoyment of development fruits".[32]Legal basis and Membership[edit]ArticlesArticles of Agreement of the Asian InfrastructureInvestment BankPotential signatoriesSignatories (regional)Parties (non-regional)Signatories (non-regional)Signed 29 June 2015Location Beijing, ChinaEffective not in forceCondition Ratification by 10 states, comprising 50% of initialsubscriptions of capital stockSignatories 51Parties 1[1]Depositary Government of the People’s Republic of ChinaLanguages Chinese, English (used in disputes) and FrenchThe Articles of Agreement will form the legal basis for the Bank. 57 Prospective Founding Members (PFM) named in annex A of the agreement are eligible to sign and ratify the Articles, thus becoming a member of the Bank. Other states, which are parties tothe International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or the Asian Development Bank may become members after approval of their accession by the bank.[33]The Articles were negotiated by the Prospective Founding Members, with Hong Kong joining the negotiations via China.[34][35]Founding Members[edit]The 57 Prospective Founding Members can become Founding Members through:∙Signing the Articles of Agreement in 2015∙Ratifying the Articles of Agreement in 2015 or 2016As of August 2015, 51 states have signed the Articles, one of which has ratified them. Seven countries that signed the founding charter did not sign the Article of Agreement on 29 June.[36][37] The formal actions towards becoming a Founding Member are shown below, as well as the percentage of the votes and of the shares, in the event all prospective founding states become parties, and no other members are accepted.Country (Region) ProspectiveFoundingMemberstatusSignature(Articles)[1]Ratification(Articles)[1]Shares% ofshares%ofvoteCountry (Region)Prospective Founding Member statusSignature (Articles)[1]Ratificati on (Articles)[1]Share s% of share s% of vot eAustralia3 April 2015[38]29 June 201536,912 3.76 3.46Austria11 April 2015[39]29 June 20155,008 0.51 0.70Azerbaijan15 April 2015[40]29 June 20152,541 0.26 0.48Banglades h*24 October 201429 June 20156,605 0.67 0.83Brazil12 April 2015[41]29 June 201531,810 3.24 3.02Brunei*24 October 201429 June 2015524 0.05 0.31Cambodia *24 October 201429 June 2015623 0.06 0.32China* (founder)24 October 201429 June 2015297,804 30.34 26.06Denmark12 April 2015[41]3,695 0.38 0.58Country (Region)Prospective Founding Member statusSignature (Articles)[1]Ratificati on (Articles)[1]Share s% of share s% of vot eEgypt14 April 2015[42]29 June 20156,505 0.66 0.83Finland12 April 2015[41]29 June 20153,103 0.32 0.53France2 April 2015[43]29 June 201533,756 3.44 3.19Georgia12 April 2015[41]29 June 2015539 0.05 0.31Germany1 April 2015[44]29 June 201544,842 4.57 4.15Iceland15 April 2015[40]29 June 2015176 0.02 0.28India*24 October 201429 June 201583,673 8.52 7.51Indonesia*25 November 2014[19]29 June 201533,607 3.42 3.17Iran 7 April 2015[45]29 June 201515,808 1.61 1.63Country (Region)Prospective Founding Member statusSignature (Articles)[1]Ratificati on (Articles)[1]Share s% of share s% of vot eIsrael15 April 2015[40]29 June 20157,499 0.76 0.91Italy2 April 2015[43]29 June 201525,718 2.62 2.49Jordan7 February 201529 June 20151,192 0.12 0.37Kazakhsta n*24 October 201429 June 20157,293 0.74 0.89South Korea11 April 2015[39]29 June 201537,388 3.81 3.50Kuwait24 October 20145,360 0.55 0.73Kyrgyzsta n9 April 2015[46]29 June 2015268 0.03 0.29Laos*24 October 201429 June 2015430 0.04 0.30Luxembou rg27 March 2015[47]29 June 2015697 0.07 0.32Country (Region)Prospective Founding Member statusSignature (Articles)[1]Ratificati on (Articles)[1]Share s% of share s% of vot eMalaysia24 October 201421 August 2015[48]1,095 0.11 0.36Maldives31 December 2014[19]29 June 201572 0.01 0.27Malta9 April 2015[46]29 June 2015136 0.01 0.27Mongolia*24 October 201429 June 2015411 0.04 0.30Myanmar*24 October 201429 June 20151 July 2015 2645 0.27 0.49Nepal*24 October 201429 June 2015809 0.08 0.33Netherland s12 April 2015[41]29 June 201510,313 1.05 1.16New Zealand5 January 2015[49]29 June 20154,615 0.47 0.66Norway14 April 2015[42]29 June 20155,506 0.56 0.74Country (Region)Prospective Founding Member statusSignature (Articles)[1]Ratificati on (Articles)[1]Share s% of share s% of vot eOman*24 October 201429 June 20152,592 0.26 0.49Pakistan*24 October 201429 June 201510,341 1.05 1.16Philippines24 October 20149,791 1.00 1.11Poland 15 April 2015[40]8,318 0.85 0.98Portugal 15 April 2015[40]29 June 2015650 0.07 0.32Qatar* 24 October 201429 June 20156,044 0.62 0.79Russia 14 April 2015[50]29 June 201565,362 6.66 5.93Saudi Arabia13 January 2015[51]29 June 201525,446 2.59 2.47Singapore *24 October 2014[52]29 June 20152,500 0.25 0.48Country (Region)Prospective Founding Member statusSignature (Articles)[1]Ratificati on (Articles)[1]Share s% of share s% of vot eSouth Africa15 April 2015[40]5,905 0.60 0.77Spain 11 April 2015[39]29 June 201517,615 1.79 1.79Sri Lanka* 24 October 201429 June 20152,690 0.27 0.50Sweden 15 April 2015[40]29 June 20156,300 0.64 0.81Switzerlan d28 March 2015[53]29 June 20157,064 0.72 0.87Tajikistan13 January 2015[51]29 June 2015309 0.03 0.29Thailand24 October 2014[52]14,275 1.45 1.50Turkey 10 April 2015[54]29 June 201526,099 2.66 2.52United Arab Emirates5 April 2015[55]29 June 201511,857 1.21 1.29Country (Region)Prospective Founding Member statusSignature (Articles)[1]Ratificati on (Articles)[1]Share s% of share s% of vot eUnited Kingdom28 March 2015[53]29 June 201530,547 3.11 2.91Uzbekista n*24 October 201429 June 20152,198 0.22 0.45Vietnam*24 October 201429 June 20156,633 0.68 0.84Unallocated Shares18,486 – –Grand Total5737 Regional 20non-Regional51 95.17% of shares1 0.27% of shares1,000,000100.00100.00Note: Regional members in blueMember, and the number of shares determines the fraction of autorized capital in the bank.[33][69][70][71]Three categories of votes exist: basic votes, share votes and Founding Member votes. The basic votes are equal for all members and constitute 18% of the total votes, while the share votes are equal to the number of shares. Each Founding Member furthermore gets 600 votes. An overview of the shares, assuming when all 57 Prospective Founding Members have become Founding Members is shown below (values in bold do not depend on the number of members):Vote Type% of Total VotesTotal VotesVote per MemberChina (LargestMaldives (SmallestPFM) PFM)Basic votes 12 138,510 2,430 2,430 2,430 Share votes 85 981,514 Varies 297,804 72FoundingMember votes3 34,200 600 600 600Total 1001,154,224 varies 300,834(26.1%)3,102 (0.3%)Shares and Voting %, in the event all PFM are party, and no new members are accepted, are shown in the table with parties above.Environmental record[edit]As the proposed bank has no management or approved loans, it has no environmental record. Several organizations have however expressed their concerns over environmental policy of the proposed bank because of the high stake of China in the bank's business. Although the proposed bank declared "AIIB will learn from the best practice in the world and adopt international standards of environmental protection", Yuge Ma has argued that this may be complicated in developing Asian countries.[73]∙Boao Forum for Asia∙New Development Bank (BRICS)/NDB BRICS∙Asian Development Bank (ADB)∙World Bank∙International Monetary Fund (IMF)。
亚洲基础设施投资银行
2015年3月18日法国、德国和意大利同意加入亚投行。为此，不久亚投行创始成员将达到 31个，包括新加入的英法德意。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
创立背景
2013年10月，习近平主席和李克强总理在先后
出访东南亚时提出了筹建亚投行的倡议。中国提出
的筹建亚投行的倡议得到广泛支持，许多国家反响
积极。2014年年初以来，中方牵头与亚洲域内、域 外国家进行了广泛沟通。经过多轮多边磋商，各域 内意向创始成员国就备忘录达成了共识。
正式成立
中国在2014年10月24日正式成立500亿美元的亚洲基础设 施投资银行(AIIB)，世界银行(World Bank)等全球金融机构会 受到挑战，这些机构被认为受到美国及其盟友的主导。 但是，只有20余个经济体（多数规模较小）将在北京举行 的仪式上成为该行的创始成员，此前华盛顿积极游说各国不要 参与。 印度将是唯一一个在人民大会堂参与签字的大型经济体。 其他参与国还包括蒙古国、乌兹别克斯坦、哈萨克斯坦、斯里 兰卡、巴基斯坦、尼泊尔、孟加拉国、阿曼、科威特、卡塔尔 以及除印尼之外的东盟所有成员国。 2014年10月24日，包括中国、印度、新加坡等在内21个 首批意向创始成员国的财长和授权代表在北京签约，共同决定 成立亚洲基础设施投资银行(AIIB)。
新增成员
2015年1月，经现有意向创始成员国一致同意，新西兰正式成为亚洲基础设施投资银行 (AIIB)意向创始成员国。 截至2015年1月13日，亚投行意向创始成员国增至26个，包括孟加拉国、文莱、柬埔寨、 中国、印度、印度尼西亚、哈萨克斯坦、科威特、老挝、马尔代夫、马来西亚、蒙古国、 缅甸、尼泊尔、新西兰、阿曼、巴基斯坦、菲律宾、卡塔尔、新加坡、斯里兰卡、泰国、 乌兹别克斯坦、越南、塔吉克斯坦和沙特阿拉伯。[13-14] 中国财政部13日宣布，沙特阿拉伯和塔吉克斯坦正式成为亚洲基础设施投资银行(AIIB)意 向创始成员国。 2015年3月，英国向中方提交了作为意向创始成员国加入亚洲基础设施投资银行（以下简 称亚投行）的确认函，正式申请加入亚投行。中方正根据多边程序征求现有意向创始成 员国的意见。如一切顺利，英国将于3月底正式成为亚投行意向创始成员国。 亚投行意向创始成员国为27个，包括孟加拉国、文莱、柬埔寨、中国、印度、印度尼西 亚、约旦、哈萨克斯坦、科威特、老挝、马尔代夫、马来西亚、蒙古国、缅甸、尼泊尔、 新西兰、阿曼、巴基斯坦、菲律宾、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯、新加坡、斯里兰卡、塔吉克 斯坦、泰国、乌兹别克斯坦和越南。[15]
介绍芭比英语作文
文章标题：The Iconic Doll of Global Popularity - BarbieBarbie, a household name recognized by generations across the globe, has been a fixture in toy boxes and hearts for decades. Originating from the imagination of Ruth Handler, Barbie has evolved from a simple doll into a global icon, embodying the essence of fashion, adventure, and female empowerment.The journey of Barbie began in 1959, when Mattel Inc. introduced her to the world. Her physical attributes were inspired by a German doll named Lilli, but Barbie's charm and popularity soon eclipsed her predecessors. With her hourglass figure, blonde hair, and bright blue eyes, Barbie captured the hearts of young girls, who saw her as a representation of beauty, elegance, and sophistication.However, Barbie's allure extends beyond aesthetics. She is a symbol of aspiration and possibility, embodying the dreams and ambitions of countless young girls. Through her various careers and adventures, Barbie has encouraged girls to pursue their passions, whether it be as a fashiondesigner, astronaut, president, or any other role they can imagine. Her versatility and adaptability have made her a timeless figure, relevant across different cultures and generations.The Barbie brand has also evolved to reflect the changing times. In recent years, there has been a focus on promoting more inclusive and diverse representations of beauty and body types. This includes the introduction of dolls with different skin tones, hairstyles, and body shapes, as well as dolls wearing hijabs or other cultural attire. These changes have been well-received, reflecting Barbie's commitment to inclusivity and representation.Moreover, Barbie has been a platform for discussing important social issues. Her stories and adventures often tackle topics such as gender equality, body positivity, and the pursuit of dreams. These narratives not only entertain but also educate, encouraging girls to be brave, confident, and independent.In conclusion, Barbie is much more than a doll; she is a cultural icon, a symbol of aspiration, and a powerfultool for promoting positive values and messages. Herinfluence is felt not only among children but also among adults, who appreciate her as a timeless representation of female empowerment and the celebration of individuality. As the world continues to evolve, Barbie will undoubtedly continue to adapt and inspire, remaining a beloved figure for generations to come.**芭比——全球广受欢迎的标志性玩偶**芭比，一个几代人都耳熟能详的名字，几十年来一直是玩具盒和人们心中的固定存在。
一带一路亚投行
一带一路亚投行问：什么是一带一路亚投行答：“亚投行”是“亚洲基础设施投资银行”的简称，英文名称的简称为AIIB。
是2013年10月习主席在印尼国会演讲时倡议筹建的。
经过一年时间的沟通协商，到2014年10月24日，北京Apec会议期间，包括中国、印度、新加坡等21个亚投行首批意向创始成员国，在北京签署了筹建“亚投行”备忘录。
随后，印尼、新西兰等国陆续加入，到2015年3月12日，中国财政部长楼继伟透露已有27个国家表示要参加亚投行并作为创始成员国。
就在同一天，英国向中方提交确认函，正式申请加入亚投行。
一石激起千层浪。
3月17日法国、德国、意大利均仿效英国，申请加入中国主导的亚投行。
随后，包括俄罗斯、澳大利亚、韩国和一批西、北欧国家也相继提出申请。
到4月12日正式成为亚投行创始成员国达到46个。
这种井喷式的发展，连楼继伟都承认是“始料未及”。
想必美国也对自己“权威”不再，众多盟友“任性”始料未及吧。
对比一下，世界银行、亚洲开发银行、欧洲发展银行的创始国数量就可看出亚投行受青睐的程度。
世界银行是28个，亚开行是31个，欧发行是6个。
按商定的亚投行筹建规则，股本分配原则是域内国家占75%，域外国家占25%，初期注册资本为1000亿美元，原则上都按经济总量多少的比例分配。
为什么域内域外那么多国家对亚投行感兴趣呢？对域内一些需要资金搞基础建设的国家来说，亚投行是融资平台；对域内域外一些有资本输出需求的国家来说，亚投行是投资机会，同时还可带动本国装备的出口。
目前亚洲各国的基础设施水平不及世界平均水平的一半。
有机构测算：要提升到世界的平均水平，每年需要投资7000亿美元。
而世界银行和亚开行每年仅能提供100-200亿美元，缺口巨大。
于是亚投行应运而生，担负起为亚洲国家基础设施建设提供一个高效便捷的融资平台。
亚投行不是要也不可能取代亚开行而仅仅是一个补充。
两者的任务是不同的。
亚开行和世界银行一样，主要任务是减贫。
barbie 英文介绍PPT精选文档
2. Barbie as Rapunzel(2002)[芭比之长发公主] 3. Barbie of swan lake(2003) [芭比之天鹅湖]
2
Barbie’s family
3
Part 1 The Origin Of Barbie Part 2 The Development Of Barbie Part 3 The Arguments And Assessments Part 4 From A Doll To A Symbol Part 5 The Barbie series
By 1960, the tide have changed people were more fascinated in Barbie doll and the orders started pouring in to Mattel. It took several years for Mattel to catch up with the demand for Barbie. Within ten years, the public purchased $500 million worth of Barer
Airhostess
BACK
seller
9
Barbie has come under a lot of criticism in recent years,
Unrealistic role model for young girls:
Her blonde hair Perfect skin and figure
5
It was in 1958 that the patent for Barbie was applied. And she was a fashion doll unlike any of that time. She was tall with long limbs, shapely and beautiful……
一带一路英文资料
一带一路英文资料The One Belt, One Road Initiative: Connecting the World through Sustainable DevelopmentThe One Belt, One Road (OBOR) initiative, also known as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), is a grand strategy proposed by the Chinese government in 2013 to revive the ancient Silk Road trade routes and promote economic, political, and cultural cooperation between China and the rest of the world. This ambitious project aims to connect Asia, Europe, and Africa through a network of land and sea routes, fostering greater economic integration and mutual prosperity among participating countries.At the heart of the OBOR initiative is the concept of connectivity. The project envisions the development of transportation infrastructure, including high-speed railways, highways, ports, and airports, to facilitate the seamless flow of goods, services, and people across the participating regions. This improved connectivity is expected to boost trade, investment, and economic growth, creating new opportunities for businesses and individuals alike.One of the key components of the OBOR initiative is the Silk RoadEconomic Belt, which focuses on land-based connectivity through the development of overland transportation networks. This includes the construction of high-speed rail lines, highways, and pipelines that will connect China with Central Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. The Maritime Silk Road, on the other hand, is the maritime component of the initiative, aimed at enhancing maritime connectivity through the development of port facilities, shipping routes, and maritime infrastructure.The OBOR initiative also emphasizes the importance of policy coordination, financial integration, and people-to-people exchanges among participating countries. This includes the establishment of multilateral institutions, such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Silk Road Fund, to provide financing for infrastructure projects along the OBOR corridors. Additionally, the initiative promotes the harmonization of policies, regulations, and standards to facilitate cross-border trade and investment.One of the key strengths of the OBOR initiative is its potential to foster sustainable development and address global challenges. The project's emphasis on infrastructure development, connectivity, and regional integration aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, which aim to promote economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection. By investing in sustainable infrastructure, the OBOR initiative can contribute to the transitiontowards a low-carbon economy, the development of renewable energy sources, and the preservation of natural resources.Furthermore, the OBOR initiative has the potential to enhance cultural exchange and mutual understanding among participating countries. Through people-to-people exchanges, joint research and education programs, and the promotion of cultural heritage, the initiative can foster greater cultural understanding and cooperation, ultimately contributing to global peace and stability.However, the OBOR initiative is not without its challenges. Concerns have been raised about the potential debt burden on participating countries, the environmental impact of large-scale infrastructure projects, and the geopolitical implications of China's growing influence in the regions involved. Addressing these challenges will require a collaborative and transparent approach, with the active participation of all stakeholders, including governments, international organizations, civil society, and the private sector.Despite these challenges, the OBOR initiative remains a bold and ambitious endeavor that has the potential to transform the global economic landscape. By connecting countries and regions through sustainable infrastructure, promoting economic integration, and fostering cultural exchange, the OBOR initiative can contribute to a more prosperous, inclusive, and interconnected world. As the projectcontinues to evolve and expand, it will be crucial for all stakeholders to work together to ensure the long-term success and sustainability of this transformative initiative.。
介绍比尔的英文作文
介绍比尔的英文作文英文：Hi everyone, my name is Bill. I am a 26-year-old guy from New York. I am currently working as a software engineer in a tech company. I have been working there for about 3 years and I really enjoy my job.In my free time, I like to play basketball, watch movies, and travel. I am a big fan of the NBA and my favorite team is the Golden State Warriors. I also love watching action movies and my favorite actor is Tom Cruise. As for traveling, I have been to many places around the world, such as Japan, Thailand, and Australia. My favorite place is definitely Japan, because of its unique culture and delicious food.I am a social person and I love to hang out with my friends. We usually go to bars or restaurants to have some drinks and food. One of our favorite places is a bar called"The Blind Pig", which has a great selection of craft beers and delicious burgers.中文：大家好，我叫比尔，来自纽约，今年26岁。