过去将来时讲解

过去将来时态

定义：

过去将来时的基本特征，即“立足过去，着眼未来”。它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。但这个"将来"时间绝不会延伸到“现在”；而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。由此可以看出，含这个时态的句子常带一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语例如：Mary told me that she would go to Shanghai by plane.玛丽告诉我说她将要坐飞机去上海。

He said he would come here next Friday. 他说他下周星期五来这儿。

I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble.

我知道当我们陷入困境时它会帮助我们。

基本构成

A ) would + 动词原形

如：He asked me if I would stay here. 他问我是否要待在这儿。

She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告诉我们说她将一切努力在本期赶上其他同学们。

When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 过去当你请她帮忙时，他绝不会拒绝。

B ) was / were going to + 动词原形

如：No one knew when he was going to finish his homework.

没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。

He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。

He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他说将要拍我去火车站接她

C ) was/ were about to + 动词原形

如：He said that they were to leave at six. 他说他们将于6点动身。

She said that the meeting was about to begin. 她说会议就要开始了

We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly.

就在我们要离开时，天突然下起了大雨。

He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中饭的时候，门铃响起来了。

D) was / were to + 动词原形。如：

The building was to be completed next month. 这座建筑改在下个月竣工。

Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。

E) come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬时动词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。

was / were +现在分词。如：

He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。

We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon.

我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。

She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan. 她告诉我们她将要去云南。

基本用法

A ) 主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。

如：Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years.

没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。

We wanted to know whether she was going to speak at the meeting.

我们想知道她是否准备在会上发言。

He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们呆在一起。

He said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。

He didn't expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。

B)表示过去习惯性的动作

During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day. 在那段时间，他每天早锻炼。Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework.

无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。

C) 表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”，多用于否定句。例如：

No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多难，他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。

They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 他们知道我们绝不会允许发生这样的事。Even after the lecture ended, the audience would not leave . 甚至在讲座结束之后，听众仍不肯离去。

D) 过去将来时，用于虚拟语气中，如：

If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做。

If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在这儿，他就会向我们展示该如何做了If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Harvard University.如果我有机会出国学习的话，我就会去哈佛大学。

I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight.

今晚他能和我一起去看电影就好了。

用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.

2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long.

3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.

4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future.

5. She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.

6. I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning.

7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.

8. Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.

1. would visit

2. would not stay

3. would come

4. would slow

5. was leaving

6. would lend

7. would be

8. would help