英语-整理-全部

划线：重点

加粗：知识点

不加粗：对应的笔记

Unit 1 概述General Introduction to Professsional Paper Writing

1.1 Classification学术论文分类

1) Report Paper

The report paper summarizes and reports the findings of author(s) on a particular subject

2)Research Paper

A research paper can be intelligent, well-informed, interesting, and original

in its conclusions.

3) Course Paper

a course paper mainly refers to the paper written after a specific course is learned or at the end of the term.

4) Thesis Paper (Dissertation)

A thesis paper is usually written and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MA/ Master of Engineering or MS (or Ph.D) in a specific discipline.

A professinal paper is a formal printed document in which professsionals present their views and research findings on any deliberately chosen topic.

Generally ,there are mainly four kinds of professional paper :Report paper ,Research paper ,Course paper and Thesis paper (Dissertation )

1.2 General Characteristics英语学术论文写作风格特点（简答）

·Formal and complex

·Impersonal and objective

·Explicit and accurate

·Cautious or tentative

·Responsible and need to reference other writers' work

Written languange is relatively more complex than spoken languange.

Academic writing is relatively formal.

Written languange is in general objective rather personal .

Academic writing is expelict about the relationship in the text .

Academic writing is factural and simply to convey facts and information .

You must also be responsible for ,and must be able to provide evidence and justification for ,any claims you make .

The stylistic features is divided into two main groups.

Informal style is subjective, and is used to express subjective emotions.

For example,personal pronouns are used widely for this situations.

However,being impersonal and free from emotion factors is one of the important features of

professional writing. The need to be formal comes from the fact that science reflects objective

facts and is free from bias and prejudice. The focus of professional writing is upon

the analysis

of the data.

For example, I carried out an experiments to investigate the effect of light on plant growth.

A experiment was carried out to ...

Unit 2 Title ,Author /Affilication and Keywords

2.1 标题的作用General Functions of Title (语料评论题目)

·Generalizing the text

·Attracting the reader

·Facilitating the retrieval

The title should summarize the central ideal of the paper concisely and correctly. And if the title is accurate,concise and distinct ,it will attract readers a lot and stimulate readers to read the whole text .What's more , in order to facilitate the retrieval , we need to choose the appropriate keywords contained in title when they organize index and secondary documents .

2.1.2 语言特点Linguistic Features （简答）

·Using more nouns ,noun phrases and gerunds

The words or phrases used in a title are very often nouns, noun phrases or gerunds, nominalization, which usually are keywords for the paper, having the ability to sum up the whole text.

·Using incomplete sentences

Generally ,the words or phrases used in a title are very ofen nouns ,noun phrases or gerunds and nominalization,( which usually are keywords for the paper ,having the ability to sum up the whole text . ) What's more ,the title can be a incomplete sentence even when there is a need to give a title in the form of a sentence .

when there is a need to give a title in the form of a sentence, it does not need to be a complete sentence. A complete declarative sentence usually makes a title containing determining implication. Meanwhile, it appears lacking brevity and clarity.

（根据本专业举例2个）

Unit 3 Abstract 可能不考

Unit 4 Introduction

4.1引言功能General Functions of Introduction

·Introducing the subject

·Limiting the research

·Stating the general purpose

·Showing the writing arrangement

Every professional paper should have at least one or two introductory paragraph with or without a particular subtitle .