开放教育专科计算机专业计算机英语复习题

开放教育专科计算机专业《计算机英语》复习题I. Translation1. buffering2. terminal3. encryption4. hyperlink5. coding6. attack7. toolbar8. menu9. icon10. date base11. compiler12. chip13. mainframe14. hardware15. program16. instruction17. processor18. magnetic disk19. hard disk20. data structure21. input22. output23. flat form24.coding25.web page26.decompress27.documentation28.debugger29.RAM30.multimediaⅡ. Reading ComprehensionPassage OneGet with the ProgramI have learned to use my computer as a productive tool in my everyday life, and you can too. We live in the computer age, and you need to get with the program.Here are some basic computer terms.Hardware. This is the part of the computer that stops working when you spill beer on it.Software. These programs give instructions to the CPU, which processes billions of tiny facts called bytes, and within a fraction of a second it sends you an error message that requires you to call the customer-support hot line.RAM. This gives guys a way of deciding whose computer has the biggest memory. That's important because the more memory a computer has, the faster it can produce error message.The Internet is the single most important development in the history of human communications since the invention of call waiting. A bold statement? Indeed, but consider how the Internet can enhance our lives.Imagine that you need to: 1. make an airline reservation: 2. buy concert tickets;3. research a tax question; and4. help your child with a school report. Now you simply turn on your computer, dial up your Internet access number, and in less than an instant, you are listening to a busy signal!Once you get through, you are connected to millions of people all over the globe and can "chat" with total strangers.We are only beginning to touch the surface of the computer's capabilities. We do not know what lies around the next bend on the information highway. All we know for certain is that when we finally get there, we won't have enough RAM.Answer the following questions according to the passage.1. What is hardware?2. What can decide the memory of a computer?3. What is the most important development in the history of human communications?4. Why does the author say "We are only beginning to touch the surface of thecomputer's capabilities?5. What is the tone(口气) of the writer in describing the computer, serious, joking, cheerful or sad?Passage TwoComputersI wasn't worried when my son bought a computer. After all, lots of children have parents who don' t understand computers. But when my secretary asked for a computer in the office, well, I did become anxious then. She claims to know nothing about technical matters. She even used to ask me to thread the new ribbon (色带) in her typewriter. And if she understood computers, then I was obviously out of date. I decided to take a series of lessons in computing. My son treated me very kindly. He invited me to sit down in front of his VDU and, when I asked him what a VDU was, he explained it was the television screen I was looking at. All computer experts apparently call it a video (录像) display unit or VDU for short. I didn't like to ask him why, so instead I asked him about the computer itself. From that moment, my memory of the lesson becomes vague (模糊的) because he told me a lot of things that I really don' t understand at all. For example, he told me about the computer's memory. Apparently, it's got 16 MB of memory that he seemed to find very impressive. The computer uses part of its memory to remember how it works. Well that seems logical. Part to remember the information you give it and part to remember what to do with the information. When I heard all that, I began to feel a bit tired. I also wondered where you kept all this information after the computer had been switched off. Apparently this isn't a problem. You use a disc drive. You can store all the information you want to keep on a small piece of magnetic coated plastic which my son called a floppy disc. You can store it in a series of files: When I heard that Ibecame a bit worried because it sounds rather like my secretary's filing system and I wondered whether you could lose information on a floppy disc as easily as she lost it in her files. My son told me that wasn't possible and he also asked me whether I was taking my lessons seriously. So I made and excuse, said I had a headache, and suggested that we should postpone the lesson until another day. If my secretary understands all that, good luck to her. She deserves a rise. What's more, I'll thread her.True/ False.1. ____ The speaker was anxious when his son bought a computer.2. _____The speaker's secretary claims to know anything about technical matters.3. _____ The speaker had a headache, and suggested that he should postpone the lesson until another day.4. _____ The speaker understand well about the computer at last.5. ______The speaker thought if his secretary understands all that, she deserves a rise.Passage ThreeUses for a ComputerCommunication with computers is becoming more and more sophisticated (精密，复杂). When a computer is purchased it comes with several programs that allow the user to communicate with the computer. Programs that allow the user to carry out particular tasks on a computer are referred to as software.The business world has welcomed the advances made possible by the use of personal computers and the powerful programs, known as software packages, which enable the computer to do various tasks. The most important computer applications are word processing, data- base managers, and spreadsheets (空白表格程序) Today, computers are used for a variety of purposes. Data processing involves large collections of data on which relatively few calculations need to be made. For example, a credit card company could use the system to keep track of the M lances of its customer's accounts. Pattern recognition is the identification and classification of shapes, forms, or relationships. For example, a chess player will examine the chessboard carefully to determine a good next move. Finally, a computer can be used for simulation of a real situation. For example, an original type of a new Spacecraft can be tested under various circumstances to determine its limitations. The computer carries out these tasks by accepting information, performing mathematical and logical operations with the information, and then supplying the results of the operations as new information.By using a modem and a program called a communications package, a computer can transfer information to and from other computers directly or over a phone line. If you send software or data from your computer to another, this is called uploading. If you get software or data from another computer, this is called downloading. A person or company may set up a computer specifically to be accessed (利用) by modem. The phone number is then made available to a private list of people or to the public. Some companies specialize in making databases available commercially. There is a charge to use these services based on the time you are connected, or the time you are online. Networks have been designed specifically to enable people to send messages to each other visa(通过)computer. Such networks, known as electronic mail or E-mail, have become commonplace among large universities or companies.What does the future bold? A design goal set by International Business Machines Corporation is to fit an entire computer, including all its memory, into a box 8 centimeters by 8 centimeters by 10 centimeters. That is less than half the volume of a book! Computers will no longer consist of transistors or other semiconductor components, but will instead consist of superconductors (超导体). This new generation of computers will shrink the time necessary to execute a single command from 50 nanoseconds (毫微秒) (for present-day computers) to about 4 nanoseconds.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. Programs that allow the user to carry out particular tasks on a computer are referred to as software.2. A chess player will examine the chessboard carefully to determine a good next move.3. By using a modem and a program called a communications package, a computer can transfer information to and from other computers directly or over a phone line.4. Such networks as have been designed specially to enable people to send messages to each other via computers are known as E-mail.5. The new generation of computers will shrink the time necessary to execute a single command from 50 nanoseconds to about nanoseconds.Passage FourBill GatesWilliam( Bill) H. Gates is chairman of Microsoft Corporation, which develops software for PC, or personal computer.Gates was born on October 28, 1955, and grew up in Seattle in the state of Washington. His father is a lawyer and his mother was a teacher. Gates attended a private school in Washington. There, he began to develop personal computer software when he was only 13. In 1973, Gates became a student of Harvard University. While he was at Harvard, he developed a language for the personal computer. In his third year, Gates left Harvard. He devoted himself to Microsoft, a company he had started in 1975 with Paul Allen. They believed that the personal computer would become a wonderful tool in every office and in every home. They began developing software for personal computers.Gates’ideas about personal computers led to the success of Microsoft and the software industry. Gates takes part in decision-making at Microsoft, and plays an important role in the development of new products. Microsoft is trying to make it easier and cheaper for people to use computers. It spends a great deal of money on the development of new software.In1999, Gates wrote Business @ the Speed of Thought This book shows how computers can solve business problems in new ways. It is so useful that it has been published in 25 languages and is available in more than 60 countries.Gates was married on January 1, 1994, to Melinda French. They have two children, a daughter and a son. In his spare time, Gates reads a lot and enjoys playing golf and bridge.Choose the best statement:1Bill Gates was born in ______A the State of WashingtonB MassachusettsC New York2 Bill Gates began to develop computer software when he was ________A at HarvardB in SeattleC in Los Angeles3 Bill Gates and Paul Allen set up Microsoft_______Gates left Harvard.A beforeB afterC as soon as4 Gates’ daily work is _______.A to direct MicrosoftB to develop softwareC Both A and B5 . Gates believed that personal computer would be used ________A only in officeB mostly in factoriesC by almost every personⅢ. Writing (20%)Please write a passage about 100- 150 words on the following topics:How do people around you like computers? Do you think it necessary and possible for all people to learn computers? Why do you choose computer as your major?。