词汇学考试题与 答案
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的科学，它主要研究的是语言中的（）。
A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的意义C. 词汇的运用D. 词汇的演变答案：A2. 下列哪一项不是词汇学的研究内容？（）A. 词义的演变B. 词义的分类C. 词义的辨析D. 语法规则答案：D3. 词汇学中，词素是指（）。
A. 构成词的基本单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的意义单位答案：A4. 在词汇学中，语义场是指（）。
A. 词义的分类B. 词义的演变C. 词义的辨析D. 一组词义相关的词答案：D5. 词汇学研究中，同义词是指（）。
A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 形式相同的词D. 用法相同的词答案：B6. 下列哪一项不是词汇学中词义的分类？（）A. 抽象意义B. 具体意义C. 语法意义D. 色彩意义答案：C7. 词汇学中，词义的演变通常包括（）。
A. 词义的扩大B. 词义的缩小C. 词义的转移D. 以上都是答案：D8. 词汇学中，词义的辨析主要研究的是（）。
A. 词与词之间的联系B. 词与词之间的差异C. 词与词之间的相似性D. 词与词之间的对立答案：B9. 在词汇学中，词义的模糊性是指（）。
A. 词义的不确定性B. 词义的明确性C. 词义的多重性D. 词义的单一性答案：A10. 词汇学中，词义的多义性是指（）。
A. 一个词有多种意义B. 一个词只有一种意义C. 一个词的意义是固定的D. 一个词的意义是单一的答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学中的词素是指构成词的________。
答案：基本单位2. 语义场是指一组________的词。
答案：词义相关3. 同义词是指意义________的词。
答案：相近4. 词义的演变包括词义的________、________和________。
答案：扩大、缩小、转移5. 词义的辨析主要研究的是词与词之间的________。
2023年自考专业(英语)《英语词汇学》考试历年真题摘选附带答案
2023年自考专业(英语)《英语词汇学》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】“Woman” becomes “ Frau” in German, “femme” in French and “f ùnǔ” in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______ .A. soundsB.formsC.unitiesD.meanings2.【单选题】It took a few seconds for her eyes to ________ to the darkness.A.allocateB.adoptC.applyD.adjust3.【单选题】What he told us was more of a(n) ________ than a reality.A.illusionB.demonstrationC.illustrationD.reputation4.【单选题】Generally, a dictionary covers the following contents EXCEPT ______.A. spellingB.pronunciationC.definitionD.syntactical rules5.【单选题】Words that are identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning are called ______.A.perfect homonymsB.homographsC.homophonesD.homonyms6.【单选题】In grammatical context, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the ______in which it occurs.A.structureB.sentenceC.phraseD.clause7.【单选题】A mong the following words, “ ______ ” does NOT have inflectional affixes.A. likedB.children’sC.happierD.it’s8.【单选题】He insured his car ________ he had an accident.A. unlessB.ifC.sinceD.in case9.【单选题】Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary ’ , 3rd Edition (1980), is among the best-known British ______ dictionaries.A.unabridgedB.deskC.pocketD.bilingual10.【单选题】Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987) has some unique features such as definition, extra column and ______.A. pronunciationB.grammar codesage examplesnguage codes11.【单选题】Modern economics ________ the country ’s agricultural policies.A.undergoesB.understandsC.underliesD.undertakes12.【单选题】Which of the following is NOT one of the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?A.Cultural reason.B.Historical reasonC.Class reasonD.Psychological reason13.【单选题】Happiness doesn ’t alway s _______ money.A.go throughB.go in forC.go withD.go over14.【单选题】“ Apple, pear, peach, orange, lemon, etc. ” make up the ______ of “ fruit ”.A.synonymsB.homonymsC.superordinate termD.semantic field15.【单选题】—David has made great progress recently. — _______，and _______.A.So he has；so you haveB.So he has；so have youC.So he has；so do youD.So has he；so you have16.【单选题】One can figure out the meaning of “ airmail ” to be “ mail by air ” by its ______.A.onomatopoeic motivationB.morphological motivationC.semantic motivationD.etymological motivation17.【单选题】From the viewpoint of word formation, the word “ smog” is a ______.poundB.conversionC.clippingD.blending18.【单选题】Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features ofwords.B.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.C.Affective meaning indicates the listener ’ s attitude towards the person or thing in questionD.Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.19.【单选题】The Indo-European language family is made up of the languages of the following EXCEPT ______ .A.EuropeB.the Far EastC.IndiaD.the Near East20.【单选题】Which of the following is NOT one of the context clues?A.DefinitionB.PolysemyC.SynonymyD.Antonymy.第2卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】We cannot leave this tough job to a person ________.A.who nobody has confidenceB.in whom nobody has confidenceC.for whom nobody has confidenceD.who everyone has confidence of2.【单选题】How many monomorphemic words are there in the following words? cats boss work improper triedA.1B.2C.3D.43.【单选题】It has been years ________ I returned home.A.afterB.thatC.sinceD.when4.【单选题】Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of idioms?A.The part of speech of each element in an idiom is very important.B.The constituents of idioms can eplaced. ’ t be rC.The word order in an idiom can ’ t be changed.D.An idiom functions as one word.5.【单选题】Police are ________ the disappearance of two children.A. looking upB.looking throughC.looking intoD.looking on6.【单选题】______ of meaning is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized.A.DegradationB.ElevationC.ExtensionD.Specilization7.【单选题】Idioms nominal in nature have a(n) ______ as the key word in each and function as a noun in sentences.A.verbB.adjectiveC.prepositionD.noun8.【单选题】Among the following words, “ ______ ” contains a negative prefix.A.amoralB.de-composeC.antiwarD.foretell9.【单选题】The following words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us EXCEPT ______ .A.fireB.hotC.photoscanningD.sister10.【单选题】Which of the following words does NOT have suffixes?A.NorthwardB.WidenC.HappyD.Worker.11.【单选题】The professor worked for 7 hours at a ________.A.stretchB.extendC.expandD.prolong12.【单选题】Each of us should _______ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day.A.pushB.provideC.turnD.set13.【单选题】Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words in the present-day English vocabulary?A.The rapid development of modern science and technology.B.Social, economic and political changesC.The invasion of foreign countries.D.The influence of other cultures and languages.14.【单选题】Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese?A.BazaarB.KowtowC.RajahD.Blitzkrieg15.【单选题】The word “minister” originally meant “a servant”, but now has changed to“a head of a ministry ”. This process of meaning change is called ______ .A.extensionB.elevationC.degradationD.specialization16.【单选题】We were told that the stone figure _______ back to the 16th century was of great value.A. datedB.datingingD.kept17.【单选题】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get ________.A. concentratedB.confusedC.confirmedD.convinced18.【单选题】Which of the following is partially converted?A. A whiteB.A drunkC.The poorD.Finals19.【单选题】We are interested in the weather because it _______ us so directly—what we wear, what we do and even how we feel.A.benefitsB.affectsC.guidesD.effects20.【单选题】A good worker in a key spot could, so _______ as he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted.A.longB.shortC.muchD.little第1卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：A2.正确答案：D本题解析：A 分配，拨出B 收养，过C 应用，申请D 调整，使适合3.正确答案：A本题解析：他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案【篇一：词汇学试题】ss=txt>i choose the best answer from the four choices. (30‘)1. the M sll in —drumsll is ___ .a. a free morphemeb.a stemc. a rootd.an inflectional affix2. a word is the combi nation of form and _______ ・a. spellingb. writingc. meaningd. denoting3. trumpet is a(n) _____ motivated word・a. morphologically b semanticallyc. phoneticallyd. etymologicall4. ____ i s a pair of emotive synonyms・a. —dadll and —fatherllb.—flatll and —apartmentllb. c.—meanil and —frugallld.—chargell and —accusell5. the word —Ianguagell is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person's language.this is called _______ ・a. scientific Ianguageb.idiolectb. c.colloquial language d.formal language6. the meaning of the word fond changed from foolish to affectionate by mode of ______ .a. extensionb. narrowingc. elevationd. degradation7. degradation can be illustrated by the followingexample ____ .b. a. lewd —> ignorant b. silly —> foolishc. c・ Iast —> pleasured・ knave —> boy8. english lexicology embraces morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics and _____ ・a. linguisticsb・ pragmaticsc・ Iexicographyd・ phonology 9. which of the following is incorrect?a —airmailll means —mail by airllb. —reading-lampll means —lamp for readingllc. —green hornil is the horn green in colord. —hopelessll is —without hopeIIlO.which group of the following are perfect homonyms?a. dear (a loved person)—deer (a kind of animal)b. bow (bending the head as a greeting)—bow(the device used forshooting)c. bank(the edge of the river)—bank (an establishment for money business)d. right (correct)—write (put down on paper with a pen)11. the following are the main sources of homonyms excepta. change in meaningb. change in sound c ・change in spelling d. borrowing42. antonyms can be classified into three major groups except ・a. evaluative termsb. contrary termsc. complementary termsd. conversive terms13. —parent/child, husband/wife, predecessor/ successorllarea. contrary termsb. contradictory termsc. conversive terms d・ complementary terms14, _________________________________________ there are2 main process of sense -shift except ______________ .a. radiationb. concatenationc. borrowing45. according to morphology, there are 2 types of classifications except ____ ・a. root antonymsb. derivative antonymsc・ contraries46. there are derivative antonyms except____ ・a pleasant-—unpleasant b. polite---impolitec. war-一antiwar d・ large一一small17. there are complementary antonyms except ___ ・a. child----girlb. single—marriedc. dead-™alived. brother—sister48. there are 3classifications of homonyms except _____ ・a. perfect homonymsb. homographsc. homophonesd. contrary homonyms・19. modern english is derived from the Ianguage of earlytribes.a. greekb. romanc・ italiand. germanic20. the prehistoric indo-europea n pare nt Ian guage is thoughtto be a highly _____ Ianguage・a. inflected b・ derivedc・ developedd・ analyzed4.in modern english one may find some words whose soundssuggest their ____ ・2」exical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _______________ .3. ___ t he meanings of many words often relate directly to their _____ ・ in the words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word・4. part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs all belong to _______ meaning.5.1 exicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _______________ of words・6. generally speaking,linguistics is the ______ study ofIan guage ・7. there are two main approaches to study of english lexicology,that is ___ and ____ ・8・“tulip”and “rose”，are ____ of <<flower,,.u flower,,is the superordinate term and u tulip,,,u rose n are the _______ term.8. at the beginning of the fifth century britain was invaded by three tribes from the northern europe:angles, _____ and _____ 9. four group of loanword s ______ , ________ , _____ a n d _______ .iii. put the following words into the appropriate blanks.(4O') flock herd school troop pride1. a __ of cattle2.a ____ o f monkeys3. a __ of lions4.a ___ of sheep5. a __ offishiv. judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.(24. 『elations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.2. in semantics, meaning of Ianguage is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experie nee.3. grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning which indicates grammatical concepts・4. the connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary.5. —male/female, present/absentllare contrary terms・v. define the following terms.(2,+4,=6,)1. word2. motivatio nvi. answer the following questions .(6,+6,+8,=20,) 1 ・ what is the d iff ere nee betwee n homonyms and polysemy? how to differentiate them?2. how do linguists divide the history of the english language for analysis?3. discuss some of the characteristics of antonyms.答案1. d.2.c3.c4.c5.b6.c 7b 8.c 9.c 10 c 11.a12. a 13.c 14.c 15.c 16.d 17.a 18.d 19.d 2O.aii.1. meaning2.associated meaning3.origins4.grammatical5. meani ngs6. s cientific7.synchronlc,diachronic 8,hyponymys, superordinate8. sax on s,jutes9. aliens, denizens,translation・loans,semantic borrowings • • •IIIherd troopprideflockschooliv1. t2.f3.t4.f5.tV・1. a word is a minimum free form,that is to say,the smallest form that may appear in isolation・2. motivation acco unts for the conn ection betwee n the linguistic symbol and its meaning.most words can said to benon-motivated.that is,the conn ection of the sign and meaning does not have logical connectionexplanation.neverthelss,english does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent.vi.1 ・ homonyms refer to d iff ere nt words which happe n to share the same form and polysemy refer to the fact that the same word has several distinguishable meanings・ by seeing their etymology, we can distinguish them, i. e. homonyms are from d iff ere nt sources while a polysemy is from the same source which has acquireddifferent meanings in the course of development. the secondprincipal consideration is semantic relatedness・ the various meaning of a polysemy are correlated and connected to do with one another, additionally, In dictionary, a polysemy has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries・2. three periods in the development of english language (vocabulary)1) old english or anglo-saxon period (449-1100)1 much of the old english vocabulary was borrowed from latin 如bargain, cheap, inch, pound; cup, dish, wall, wine, etc2 old english was a highly in fleeted language .it has a complete system of declensions of words2) middle english period ( 1100-1500 )1 french influence and norman conquest in 1066law and government administration: military affairs> religion、art 2 middle english is becoming from highly inflected language to analytic language3) modern english period (1500-)【篇二：词汇学考试题目】1.in old english there was ______ agreement between sound form.()a moreb. littlec. lessd. gradual2. both Idee and cceld are ______ ・()a. general dictionariesb monolingual dictionariesc. both a and bd. neither a and b3. the word miniskirt is ______ ・()a. morphologically motivatedb etymologically motivatedc. semantically motivatedd. none of the above4. the most important way of vocabulary development in present-dayenglish is _______ ・()a borrowingb. semantic changec. creation of new wordsd. all the above5. beneralization is a process by which a word that originallyhad a specialized meaning has now become ________ ・()a. generalizedb. expandedc. elevatedd・ degraded6. _________________________ some morphemes have as they are realized by morethan one morph according to their position in word.()a. alter native morphsb. single morphsc. abstract unitsd. discrete units7.old english vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from latin and Scandinavian・()a. italicb germanicc. Celticd. hellenica. semanticsb. grammarc. phoneticsd. Iexicology9.if two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called ____________ .()a. repetitionb. alliterationc. rhymed. none of the abovelO.which of the following words is a functional word?()a. oftenb. neverc. althoughd. desk41. _______________________________ rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _____________________________ ・()a. semantic unityb. structural stabilityc. idiomatic variationd. figure of speech12.the advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _________________ .()a. use idioms correctly and appropriatelyb understand idioms correctlyc. remember idioms quicklyd. try a new method of classification13. borrowing as a source of homonymy in english can be illustrated by _______ .()a. long (not short)b. ball (a dancing party)c. rock (rocknroll)d. ad (advertisement)14. the change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors except _______ .()a. the influx of borrowingb. repetitionc. analogyd ・ shortening15. w hich of the following is not a comp orient of linguistic context?()a. words and phrases ・b. sentencesc. text or passaged. time and placeii. match the words or expressions in column a with those in column b according to 1 )types of meaning changes; 2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context. (10%)16. seandinavian ( ) l (place where things are made) 22. participants ( ) g.determined23. difference in denotation ( ) h.pigheaded24. appreciative ( ) i.non-linguistic25. pejorative ( ) j.iron (a device for smoothing clothes)iii. study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2) types of word formation or prefixes. (20%))17. germanic () 18. extension () 49.narrowing () 21. ambiguity () b. grammaticalc.d ouble meaning d.s wedish f. dutch27. mote I ()()29. blueprint ()30. preliminaries ()31. southward ()32. demilitarize ()33. hypersensitive ()34. retell ()35. multi-purposes ()iv. define the following terms. (10%)36. acr onymy37. native words38. elevatio n39. stylistic meaning40. monolingral dictionaryV・answer the following questions. your answers should the clear and short・ write your answers in the space given below・(10%)41 ・how many types of motivation are there in english? give one example for each type・42. what are the major sources of english synonyms? illustrate your points・Vl.analyze and comment on the following. write your answers in the space given below・(20%)43. a nalyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.recollection, nationalist, unearthly英语词汇学试题参考答案I. (30%)1. a2.c3.a4.c5.a6.a7.b8.d9.b 10.c 11.d 12.a 13.b 14.b 15.d II. (10%)16. d17. f18. a19. j20. b21. c22.i23. e24. g25. hm.(2o%)26. bound root27. (head+tail) blending28.inflectional affix/morpheme30. full conversion31. derivational suffix32. derivation33. prefix of degree34. derivational prefix35. number prefixIV. (10%)36. the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms・37. n ative words, also known as anglo-saxon words, are words brought to britian in the 5th century by the germanic tribes・38. the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importanee.39. the distinctlve stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.40. a dictio nary writte n in one language, or a dicti on ary in which entries are defined in the same Ianguage.V. (10%)41. there are four types of motivation:1) onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2) morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3) semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4) etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.42. key points:borrowing; dialects and regional english; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidenee with idiomatic expressions.VL(20%)43.1) each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection (re+collect+ion) ,nationalist(nation+al+ist) ,unearthly (un+earth+ly).2) of the nine morphemes, only collect,nation and earth are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves・3) all the rest re-,-ion，-al,-ist,un・ and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words・【篇三：英语词汇学试题】write the terms in the blanks according to the definitions・(20 points)4. a minimal meaningful unit of a language ()2. one of the variants that realize a morpheme ()3. a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ()4. a morpheme that can stand alone ()5. a morpheme attached to a stem alone ()6. an affix that indicates grammatical relations ()7. an affix that forms new words with a stem or root ()8. what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ()9. a form to which affixes of any kind can be added ()40. the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words () ii. form negatives pf each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non・，un-. (40 points) smoker capablepractical obey security relevant mature ability officially willingnesslegal agreement logicalloyal convenientathleic moral regularhonest likeiii. decide whether the following statements are true or false・ (20 points)english is more closely related to german than french.2. old english was a highly inflected Ianguage・3. middle english absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but withlittle change in word endings・4. conversions refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class・5. words mainly invoIved in conversation are nouns, verbs, and adverbs.6. motivation explains why a particular form has a particular meaning ・7. unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstableandin determinate.8. perfect homonyms share the same spelling and pronounciation ・9. contradictory terms do not show degrees・10. antonyms should be opposites of similar intensity.iv. study the sentences below and give and antonyms to the word in bold type in each context. (20 points)4. the discussion enabled them to have a clear idea of the nature of the problem.2. they are faced with clear alter natives ・3. his grandfather's mind was not clear during the time he made the will.4. i'd like to get a clear plastic bag to carry this・5. wash the substances with clear cold water.6. the singefs voice remai ned pure and clear throughout the eveni ng.7. all colors were clear, the river below her was brilliant blue・8. her eyes behind the huge spectacles are clear andun troubled ・9. now that Pve told her everyth!ng, i can leave with a clear con scie nee.10. he is a shortish man of clear complexion.参考答案英语词汇学i. 1.morpheme 2. allomorph 3. bound morpheme 4. free morpheme 5. affix6. inflectional affix7. derivational affix8. root9. stem 10. etymology11. n onsmoker, in capable, impractical, discovery, insecurity, irrelevant, immature,inability/disability, unofficially, unwillingness, illegal, disagreeme nt, illogical, disloyal, inco nv enient, non athletic, immoral, irregular, dishonest, dislikeiii. l.t 2.t 3.f 4.t 5.f 6.t 7.t 8.t 9.t 10.tiv. 1. confusing 2. ambiguous 3. muddled 4. opaque 5. dirty6. harsh7. dull8. shifty9. guiltylO. blemished。
新编英语词汇学参考答案
新编英语词汇学参考答案一、选择题1. A. 词汇量是指一个人掌握的词汇数量。
2. B. 词汇的语义场是指词汇在语义上的分类。
3. C. 词汇的形态变化包括派生、合成和转换。
4. D. 词汇的习得是指通过学习掌握新词汇的过程。
5. E. 词汇的语义关系包括同义、反义、上下位等关系。
二、填空题6. 词汇的派生是指通过添加词缀来形成新词。
7. 词汇的合成是指将两个或多个词汇组合成新词。
8. 词汇的转换是指词汇在不同词性间的转换。
9. 词汇的习得可以通过阅读、听力、口语和写作等多种方式。
10. 词汇的语义关系有助于理解词汇的含义和使用。
三、简答题11. 词汇的习得对语言学习者的重要性是什么？词汇的习得对语言学习者至关重要，因为词汇是语言的基本构成单位。
掌握足够的词汇量有助于提高语言理解能力、表达能力和沟通效率。
此外，词汇习得还有助于学习者更好地理解语言的文化内涵和使用习惯。
12. 词汇的形态变化有哪些类型？词汇的形态变化主要包括三种类型：派生、合成和转换。
派生是通过添加词缀来形成新词；合成是将两个或多个词汇组合成新词；转换是词汇在不同词性间的转换，例如名词转动词。
13. 词汇的语义场是如何帮助我们理解和使用词汇的？词汇的语义场通过将词汇按照语义关系进行分类，帮助我们更好地理解和记忆词汇。
例如，通过了解“家具”这一语义场，我们可以快速记忆和使用与家具相关的词汇，如“桌子”、“椅子”、“床”等。
四、论述题14. 论述词汇习得策略在语言教学中的作用。
词汇习得策略在语言教学中起着至关重要的作用。
首先，有效的词汇习得策略可以帮助学习者扩大词汇量，提高语言运用能力。
其次，通过教授不同的词汇习得策略，教师可以激发学生的学习兴趣，使他们更加主动地参与到语言学习中。
此外，词汇习得策略还可以帮助学习者更好地理解词汇的语义和用法，从而提高语言的准确性和流畅性。
15. 分析词汇的语义关系对语言理解和表达的影响。
词汇的语义关系对语言理解和表达具有重要影响。
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. 下列哪个词属于多义词？A. 桌子B. 苹果C. 跑D. 书2. 词汇的最小单位是：A. 词B. 语素C. 词组D. 句子3. 词汇的同义关系指的是：A. 词与词之间意义相同或相近B. 词与词之间意义相反C. 词与词之间意义无关D. 词与词之间意义有联系但不相同4. “绿色”一词在“绿色食品”中属于：A. 颜色词B. 形容词C. 抽象名词D. 专有名词5. “网络”一词在现代汉语中属于：A. 古汉语词汇B. 外来词C. 新词D. 专业术语6. 下列哪个词属于反义词？A. 快-慢B. 男-女C. 长-短D. 老-少7. 词汇的构成方式不包括：A. 合成B. 派生C. 借用D. 音译8. “美丽”一词的词性是：A. 名词B. 动词C. 形容词D. 副词9. “电脑”一词的构词方式是：A. 合成B. 派生C. 借用D. 音译10. 下列哪个词属于外来词？A. 电视B. 电话C. 网络D. 汽车二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. 词汇学是研究语言中________的学科。
12. 词义的演变通常包括词义的________、________和________。
13. 词义的________是指词义在特定语境下临时改变的现象。
14. 词汇的________是指词义的扩大，能够涵盖更多的事物或现象。
15. 词汇的________是指词义的缩小，只能指特定的事物或现象。
三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）16. 简述词汇的构成方式有哪些？17. 简述词义演变的类型。
四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）18. 论述词汇学在语言教学中的重要性。
19. 论述词汇的同义关系和反义关系在语言表达中的作用。
五、案例分析题（共40分）20. 请分析“手机”一词的词义演变过程，并讨论其对现代汉语词汇发展的影响。
（20分）21. 以“环保”为例，分析词汇的派生构成方式及其在现代社会中的应用。
词汇试题及参考答案
Ａ、昏暗
糊
Ｄ、黝黑
Ｂ、暗淡
Ｃ、模
19.从给出的几个词中选择最恰当的一个填入括号。
写。
⑴这篇文章内容还好，但是结构（
），层次不清，必须重
Ａ、杂乱
Ｂ、混乱
Ｃ、紊乱
⑵中国的封建社会（ ）了三千多年。
Ａ、持续
Ｂ、连续
Ｃ、继续
⑶人固然应该生存，但为的是进化；也不妨受苦，但为的是（ ）将 来的一切苦；更应该战斗，但为的是改革。
三、单项选择题
1.语素是（ ）
Ａ、最小的语音单位
Ｂ、最小的意义单位
Ｃ、最小的语音语义结合单位 位
Ｄ、能独立运用的最小的意义单
2.“员、祖、乡、分、妊、严”中包含的自由语素是（ ）
Ａ、乡、分、严
Ｂ、祖、分、严
Ｃ、祖、乡、分
Ｄ、员、分、妊
3.“一对花瓶”、“你说的对”、“面对未来”中三个“对”代表 （ ）
Ｃ、词、字、语素
Ｄ、语素、词、字
9.“反法西斯主义者”中的语素有（ ）
Ａ、两个
Ｂ、三个
Ｃ、四个
Ｄ、五个
10.“雄性”是（ ）
Ａ、词根加后缀
Ｂ、词根加前缀
Ｃ、并列式合成词
Ｄ、偏正式合成词
11.“龟缩”一词的构词方式是（ ）
Ａ、主谓式
Ｂ、补充式
Ｃ、偏正式
Ｄ、单纯词
12.“安培”是（ ）
Ａ、联绵词
Ｂ、译音词
缀。
（）
17.“仓猝”是双音节合成词。
（）
18.专有名词的词义没有概括性。
（）
19.词义除包括概念意义之外，还包括附属色彩。
（）
20.现代汉语中，多义词是多数，单义词是少数。
（）
词汇学语言考试题及答案
词汇学语言考试题及答案1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的哪一方面？A. 语音B. 语法C. 词汇D. 语义答案：C2. 词汇学中，词根是指什么？A. 词的最小意义单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的语法单位答案：A3. 词汇学研究中，词缀的作用是什么？A. 改变词义B. 改变词性C. 改变词形D. 以上都是答案：D4. 以下哪个词不是复合词？A. 黑板B. 电脑C. 老师D. 飞机答案：C5. 词汇学中，同义词是指什么？A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 意义相反的词D. 形式相同的词答案：B6. 词汇学中，反义词是指什么？A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 意义相反的词D. 形式相同的词答案：C7. 词汇学研究中，词义的演变叫做什么？A. 词义变化B. 词义发展C. 词义演变D. 词义扩展答案：C8. 词汇学中，词义的缩小指的是什么？A. 词义变得更加具体B. 词义变得更加抽象C. 词义变得更加广泛D. 词义保持不变答案：A9. 词汇学研究中，词义的扩大指的是什么？A. 词义变得更加具体B. 词义变得更加抽象C. 词义变得更加广泛D. 词义保持不变答案：C10. 词汇学中，词义的转移指的是什么？A. 词义变得更加具体B. 词义变得更加抽象C. 词义从一个领域转移到另一个领域D. 词义保持不变答案：C。
词汇学期末考试题及答案
词汇学期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学研究的核心对象是（）。
A. 语音B. 语法C. 词汇D. 语义答案：C2. 词义的最小单位是（）。
A. 语素B. 词C. 短语D. 句子答案：A3. 以下哪个词属于多义词？（）A. 桌子B. 苹果C. 跑D. 笔答案：C4. 词义的演变通常不包括（）。
A. 词义扩大B. 词义缩小C. 词义转移D. 词义创新答案：D5. 以下哪个词属于外来词？（）A. 沙发B. 电脑C. 汽车D. 火车答案：A6. 词义的引申通常是基于（）。
A. 词的本义B. 词的引申义C. 词的转用义D. 词的比喻义答案：A7. 以下哪个词属于同义词？（）A. 快速和迅速B. 桌子和椅子C. 红色和蓝色D. 学习和平息答案：A8. 以下哪个词属于反义词？（）A. 高和矮B. 桌子和椅子C. 红色和蓝色D. 学习和平息答案：A9. 以下哪个词属于成语？（）A. 马到成功B. 桌子C. 红色D. 学习答案：A10. 以下哪个词属于专业术语？（）A. 电脑B. 桌子C. 红色D. 学习答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中的词汇及其变化规律的学科。
2. 词义的演变包括词义扩大、词义缩小和词义转移。
3. 多义词是指一个词具有两个或两个以上相关或不相关的意义。
4. 外来词是指从其他语言借用过来的词。
5. 词义的引申通常是基于词的本义。
6. 同义词是指意义相同或相近的词。
7. 反义词是指意义相反或相对的词。
8. 成语是指由四个或四个以上汉字组成的固定短语，具有特定的意义和用法。
9. 专业术语是指在特定领域内使用的具有特定意义的词。
10. 词汇的创新是指根据语言发展的需要，创造出新的词汇。
三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述词汇学的研究内容。
词汇学主要研究语言中的词汇及其变化规律，包括词的构成、词义的演变、词的分类、词的用法等方面。
2. 简述词义演变的类型。
词汇学复习题答案
词汇学复习题答案一、单项选择题1. 词汇学研究的核心内容是（）。
A. 语言的语音系统B. 语言的语法结构C. 语言的词汇系统D. 语言的语用功能答案：C2. 以下哪个选项不属于词汇学的研究范畴？（）A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的演变C. 词汇的分类D. 语音的音位变化答案：D3. 词汇学中，对词义的研究主要关注（）。
A. 词义的来源B. 词义的演变C. 词义的分类D. 所有上述选项答案：D4. 词汇学中，词的构成要素包括（）。
A. 音位B. 词根C. 词缀D. 所有上述选项答案：D5. 词汇学研究中，对词汇的分类主要依据（）。
A. 词的形态B. 词的语法功能C. 词的意义D. 词的使用频率答案：B二、填空题1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的构成、意义、使用和发展变化规律的学科。
2. 词汇学的研究对象包括词、短语、成语等语言单位。
3. 词义的演变通常包括词义的扩大、缩小、转移和分化。
4. 词汇的分类可以根据词的语法功能、语义特征和使用场合等标准进行。
5. 词汇学的研究方法包括比较法、历史法和结构法等。
三、简答题1. 简述词汇学的主要研究内容。
答：词汇学的主要研究内容包括词的构成、词义、词汇的分类、词汇的使用和发展变化等。
2. 词汇学与语法学的主要区别是什么？答：词汇学主要研究词汇的构成、意义和使用，而语法学则研究句子的结构和成分之间的关系。
3. 词汇学中，词义的研究有哪些主要方法？答：词汇学中，词义的研究方法包括语义场分析、词义演变分析、词义对比分析等。
四、论述题1. 论述词汇学在语言教学中的作用。
答：词汇学在语言教学中的作用主要体现在帮助学习者理解词汇的构成和意义，掌握词汇的使用规则，提高词汇学习效率，以及通过词汇学的研究方法，促进学习者对语言的深入理解和应用能力的提升。
词汇学试题答案
词汇学试题答案一、选择题1. 词汇学是研究什么的学科？A. 语言的发音规则B. 语言的词义变化C. 语言的句法结构D. 语言的词汇组成及其变化答案：D2. 下列哪个选项不是词汇学研究的范畴？A. 新词的产生B. 词义的演变C. 语言的修辞手法D. 词汇的借用答案：C3. “同义词”和“反义词”在词汇学中的关系是：A. 同义关系B. 对立关系C. 互补关系D. 包含关系答案：B4. 在汉语中，“苹果”和“iPhone”这两个词之间的关系最接近于：A. 一般与特殊B. 全体与部分C. 具体与抽象D. 同义与异义答案：A5. 词汇的多义性是指：A. 一个词只有一个含义B. 一个词有两个或以上的含义C. 一个词的含义随着语境变化D. 一个词的含义完全由字典定义答案：B二、填空题1. 词汇学的研究可以帮助我们更好地理解和掌握________的构成及其发展变化。
答案：语言2. 在词汇学中，________是指一个词汇在不同语境中可以表达不同的含义。
答案：词义的多样性3. 词汇的________是指词汇在语言发展过程中的增加、减少或形式的变化。
答案：演变4. “书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟”这句话中的“书山”和“学海”是________的运用。
答案：比喻5. 一个词的不同含义之间存在着某种联系，这种联系称为词义的________。
答案：关联三、简答题1. 请简述词汇学在语言学习和教学中的作用。
词汇学为语言学习者提供了一个系统的理论框架，帮助他们理解词汇的构成、词义的变化以及词汇在语境中的使用。
在教学中，教师可以利用词汇学的研究成果，设计更加有效的教学方法，如通过词根词缀的学习来扩展词汇量，或者通过词义的辨析来提高学生的语言理解能力。
此外，词汇学还可以帮助教师识别和解释学习者在词汇使用中可能出现的错误，从而更好地指导学习。
2. 举例说明词汇的借用现象。
词汇的借用是指一种语言从另一种语言中引入词汇，这些词汇可能是完全借用，也可能是经过一定程度的改造。
英语词汇学试题及答案
英语词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学研究的主要对象是什么？A. 语法结构B. 词汇构成C. 语音系统D. 语义关系2. 下列哪个词属于复合词？A. happyB. unicycleC. bicycleD. unhappy3. 词根是指什么？A. 单词的前缀B. 单词的后缀C. 单词的基本部分D. 单词的派生部分4. 词汇的同源词是指什么？A. 意义相近的词B. 形式相似的词C. 来源相同的词D. 功能相同的词5. 词汇的语义变化通常被称为什么？A. 词汇演变B. 词汇扩展C. 词汇借用D. 词汇创新二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）6. 英语中的词缀分为________和后缀。
7. 英语词汇的构成方式之一是________，例如：class + room = classroom。
8. 英语中的合成词是由两个或两个以上自由词组合而成的，如________。
9. 英语中，一个词的意义可能随着时间而发生变化，这种现象称为________。
10. 英语词汇学中的“词义扩展”是指一个词的意义范围________。
三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）11. 简述英语词汇的来源有哪些？12. 解释什么是词汇的同化现象，并给出一个例子。
13. 描述词汇的语义变化有哪些类型？四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）14. 论述英语词汇学在语言教学中的应用。
15. 分析英语词汇中的借词现象及其对英语发展的影响。
参考答案一、选择题1. B2. B3. C4. C5. A二、填空题6. 前缀7. 合成8. blackboard9. 语义演变10. 扩大或缩小三、简答题11. 英语词汇的来源包括：古英语、拉丁语、法语、希腊语、德语等。
12. 词汇的同化现象是指外来词在借用到另一种语言中时，为了适应新语言的发音规则而发生的改变。
例如，英语中的“sushi”在一些非英语国家可能会被读作“苏西”以适应当地语言的发音习惯。
词汇学期末复习题(附参考答案)
名词解释（10选5，一个4分）词=The minimal free form of a language, which has a given sound, meaning and syntactic function.词根=The basic unchangeable part of a word, and covers the main lexical meaning of the word.词缀=Affixes are forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function.一词多义=Polysemy means that one single word has two or more senses at the same time.同形异义=Homonyms are different words with the same form (spelling or pronunciation)完全同形异义=Perfect homonyms are different words identical both in sound and spelling, though different in meaning.同音异形异义=Homophones are different words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning.同形异音异义=Homographs are different words identical in spelling, but different in sound or meaning.同义关系=Synonymy is a relationship of “sameness of meaning” that may hold between two words.反义关系=Antonymy is a relationship of “meaning opposition” that may hold between two words.上下义关系=Hyponymy is the sense relationship that relates words hierarchically. The underlying observation is that some words have a more general meaning, while others have a more specific meaning, while referring to the same entity.问答题（6选3，一题10分）1.(1)What does onomatopoetic motivation mean?(2)What does semantic motivation mean?(3)Dose it contradict the statement that there is no naturalconnection between sound and meaning?Answer:(1)Onomatopoeic motivation means defining the principle ofmotivation by sound.(2)Semantic motivation means that motivation is based onsemantic factors.(3)Facts have proved this argument to be valid. Words thatconvey the same meaning have different phonological forms in different languages – (for example, English meat / mi:t /,Chinese ròu. Alternatively, the same phonological forms may convey different meanings - for example, sight, site, cite.)2.How many kinds of meaning are there in English?Answer: There are 8 kinds of meaning in English, including grammatical meaning, lexical meaning, denotative meaning, associative meaning, connotative meaning, social (stylistic) meaning, affective meaning, collocative meaning.3.(1)What is context?(2)What role dose context play in linguistic communication?（以下答案摘自网络，回答稍冗长，请适当精简）Answer:(1)Context in its traditional sense refers to the lexical items thatprecede or follow a given word. And there is linguistic context, refers to the words, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, or whole books in which a word appears. And extra-linguistic context, which refers to a particular time, space, or culture in which a word appears. There also is lexical context: the lexemes that co-occur with the word in question. The meaning of the word is affected or determined by the neighboring lexemes.(2)Context can function as followed: eliminating ambiguity;conveying emotional overtones; indicating referents and the range of the meaning of a word.4.5.(1)What are the major types of synonymy?(2)(3)Explain those types with examples.Answer:(1)In general, English synonyms can be divided into two types:complete synonyms and relative synonyms.(2)Absolute synonyms are words whose meaning is fullyidentical in any context so that one can always be substituted for the other without the slightest change in meaning. For example: （例子自己找）(3)Relative synonyms refers to which denote different shades ofmeaning or different degrees of a given quality. This kinds of synonyms are the same in some degree such as （例子自己找）6.(1)What are the major types of antonymy?(2)(3)(4)(5)Explain those types with examples.Answer:(1)There are four types of antonymy, including complementaries,gradable antonyms, relational opposites and semantic incompatibles(2)Complementaries refer to pairs of words that represent aneither/or relation. （例子找书去）(3)Antonyms of this type are best viewed in terms of a scalerunning between two poles or extremes. The two opposites are gradable. （例子找书去）(4)The substitution of one member for the other does not changethe meaning of a sentence if it is accompanied by the change of subject and object. （例子找书去）(5) The words in a group of semantic incompatibles are incontrast to the other members of the group, showing a contrastingness relationship between word and word （例子找书去）7.What are the possible causes of language change?(由于网上答案太泛，思路混乱，因此直接将课本原话翻译过来作为答案。
大学词汇学试题及答案
大学词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "chronic" is most closely related to which of the following?A. AcuteB. TemporaryC. SeasonalD. Chronic2. In the context of a business meeting, "feasibility" refers to the:A. Ability to flyB. Ability to be doneC. Ability to swimD. Ability to run3. "Paradox" is a term that is associated with:A. A simple truthB. A complex lieC. A situation that contradicts itselfD. A straightforward problem4. The term "epidemic" is used to describe a:A. Single occurrenceB. Small groupC. Widespread occurrenceD. Limited occurrence5. "Symbiotic" relationships are characterized by:A. Mutual harmB. Mutual benefitC. One-sided benefitD. No interaction6. "Euphemism" is a term used to describe:A. A harsh truthB. A polite lieC. A direct statementD. A hidden meaning7. "Intrinsic" value refers to the value that is:A. Externally imposedB. Internally inherentC. Externally visibleD. Internally hidden8. The word "analogous" is used to describe something that is:A. Completely differentB. Partially similarC. Exactly the sameD. Totally unrelated9. "Dichotomy" refers to a division into:A. Three partsB. Two partsC. Four partsD. Five parts10. "Ephemeral" is a term that is used to describe somethingthat is:A. Long-lastingB. Short-livedC. EternalD. Timeless二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The opposite of "visible" is _______.12. A synonym for "unpredictable" is _______.13. The term "hierarchy" refers to a _______ of authority or rank.14. "Ambiguous" means having more than one _______.15. "Chronology" is the arrangement of events in the order of their _______.16. "Catastrophe" is a term used to describe a sudden event causing great _______.17. "Democracy" is a system of government by the whole_______.18. "Eloquence" is the quality of speaking or writing that is fluent and _______.19. "Frugality" is the quality of being economical with money or resources, often to an _______ extent.20. "Hypothesis" is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon, made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further _______.三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）21. Define the term "metaphor" and provide an example.22. Explain the difference between "allegory" and "simile".23. What does the term "prose" refer to in literature?24. Describe the concept of "synecdoche" and give an example.四、论述题（每题10分，共20分）25. Discuss the importance of understanding etymology in the study of vocabulary.26. Analyze the role of idioms in communication and how they can sometimes lead to misunderstandings.答案：一、选择题1. D2. B3. C4. C5. B6. B7. B8. B9. B10. B二、填空题11. invisible12. unpredictable13. system14. meaning15. occurrence16. damage17. population18. persuasive19. excessive20. investigation三、简答题21. A metaphor is a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true, but helps explain an idea or make a comparison. For example, "Time is a thief" is a metaphor that personifies time as a thief, suggesting that it steals our moments.22. An allegory is a narrative that conveys a deeper meaning beneath the surface, often using characters and events to represent abstract concepts or moral lessons. A simile, on the other hand, is a direct comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as," such as "She is as brave as a lion."23. Prose is a form of language that has a natural flow of speech and normal grammatical structure rather than a rhythmic structure, unlike poetry. It is the ordinary form of language used in speech or writing.24. Synecdoche is a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa。
词汇学语言考试题及答案
词汇学语言考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的系统、结构和变化规律的学科，它属于：A. 语音学B. 语法学C. 词汇学D. 语义学答案：C2. 下列哪个选项不是词汇学研究的内容？A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的分类C. 词汇的演变D. 语音的发音答案：D3. 词汇学中，词根是指：A. 词的基本意义单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的语法单位答案：A4. 以下哪个词是由两个词根组成的？A. 苹果B. 汽车C. 电脑D. 葡萄答案：B5. 词汇学中的“同义词”指的是：A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 意义相反的词D. 意义完全不同的词答案：B6. 在词汇学中，“反义词”是指：A. 意义相近的词B. 意义相反的词C. 意义相同的词D. 意义不相关的词答案：B7. “词汇化”是指：A. 词汇的创造过程B. 词汇的消失过程C. 词汇的演变过程D. 词汇的分类过程答案：A8. 词汇学中的“语义场”是指：A. 词的发音范围B. 词的书写范围C. 词的意义范围D. 词的使用范围答案：C9. 词汇学中，“多义词”是指：A. 只有一个意义的词B. 有两个或两个以上意义的词C. 没有意义或意义不明确的词D. 意义完全相反的词答案：B10. 词汇学中的“同音词”是指：A. 发音相同的词B. 意义相同的词C. 书写相同的词D. 用法相同的词答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 词汇学中的“词缀”是指附着在词根上，用来构成新词的________。
答案：语素12. “派生”是指通过添加________来创造新词的过程。
答案：词缀13. “合成”是指通过合并________来创造新词的过程。
答案：词根14. “词汇变化”包括词义的________、________和________。
答案：扩大、缩小、转移15. “词汇的语义变化”是指词义的________、________和________。
自考英语词汇学试题及答案
自考英语词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "anonymous" is derived from which language?A. LatinB. GreekC. FrenchD. German答案：B. Greek2. Which of the following is an example of a compound word?A. BlackboardB. BreakdownC. ClassroomD. Both A and C答案：D. Both A and C3. The term "morpheme" refers to the smallest meaningful unit in a language. What is its role in vocabulary?A. It forms the basis of all words.B. It is used for grammatical purposes.C. It is a type of prefix or suffix.D. It is a collection of synonyms.答案：A. It forms the basis of all words.4. What is the process called when a word changes its meaningover time?A. Semantic shiftB. SynonymyC. PolysemyD. Homonymy答案：A. Semantic shift5. Which of the following is a false friend in English and Spanish?A. ActualB. CurrentC. ActualmenteD. Fact答案：C. Actualmente6. The word "serendipity" is an example of a ________ word.A. BorrowedB. NeologismC. CognateD. Archaic答案：A. Borrowed7. What is the meaning of the prefix "un-" in the word "unhappy"?A. NotB. OneC. UpD. Out答案：A. Not8. Which of the following words is a back-formation?A. EditB. TypewriteC. InventD. Hostage答案：B. Typewrite9. The term "collocation" refers to the way in which words are often found together in a language. Which of the following is an example of collocation?A. "Strong coffee"B. "Big mouse"C. "Tall mountain"D. "Long sleep"答案：A. "Strong coffee"10. Which of the following is an example of a phrasal verb?A. "To look"B. "To come"C. "To look up"D. "To come up"答案：D. "To come up"二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The root of the word "biology" is ________, which meanslife.答案：bio-12. An idiom is a type of ________ expression that is often metaphorical.答案：fixed13. The word "avocado" is a(n) ________ noun because it ends with an "o" but is not singular.答案：plural14. The process of creating new words by combining existing words is known as ________.答案：compounding15. A word that has more than one meaning is said to exhibit ________.答案：polysemy16. The term "etymology" refers to the ________ of a word, including its origin and historical development.答案：history17. In English, the word "mouse" can be both a noun and a verb, which is an example of ________.答案：conversion18. The phrase "kick the bucket" is an example of a(n)________ idiom.答案：idiomatic19. A word that is spelled but not pronounced is known as a(n) ________ letter.答案：silent20. The word "geography" is derived from the Greek words "geo" meaning earth and "graphia" meaning ________.答案：writing or description三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between a homograph and a homophone.答案：A homograph is a word that is spelled the same as another word but has a different meaning and may have a different pronunciation. For example, "lead" can mean toguide or the metal. A homophone is a word that is pronounced the same as another word but has a different meaning and is usually spelled differently. For example, "their," "there," and "they're" are homophones.22. What is the role of context in determining the meaning ofa word?答案：Context plays a crucial role in determining the meaning of a word because it provides clues about thesituation in which the word is used. It helps to disambiguate。
英语词汇学试题及答案
英语词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "breakfast" is derived from:A. LatinB. Old EnglishC. GreekD. French答案：B2. Which of the following words is a compound word?A. TelephoneB. BicycleC. ComputerD. All of the above答案：D3. The word "kindergarten" is borrowed from:A. GermanB. ItalianC. SpanishD. French答案：A4. Which of the following is an example of a back-formation?A. EditB. TypewriteC. CatalogD. Interview答案：A5. The term "morpheme" refers to:A. A wordB. A syllableC. A meaningful unit of languageD. A sound答案：C6. The word "mouse" can be analyzed as:A. A single morphemeB. A compound wordC. A prefix and a rootD. A root and a suffix答案：A7. Which of the following words is a blend?A. MotelB. BrunchC. InfomercialD. All of the above答案：D8. The process of adding a suffix to a root to form a new word is called:A. DerivationB. InflectionC. ConversionD. Blending答案：A9. The word "unbelievable" is formed by:A. PrefixationB. SuffixationC. ConversionD. Blending答案：A10. The word "run" can have several meanings, which is an example of:A. HomonymyB. PolysemyC. SynonymyD. Antonymy答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The process of changing a word's form to express tense, mood, or number is called ________.答案：inflection2. A word that has the same spelling and pronunciation but different meanings is called a ________.答案：homograph3. The smallest unit of meaning in a language is known as a ________.答案：morpheme4. A word that is formed by combining two or more words is called a ________.答案：compound5. A word that is formed by adding a prefix to a root is called a ________.答案：prefixed word6. The study of the history of words and the way they change over time is known as ________.答案：etymology7. A word that is formed by adding a suffix to a root is called a ________.答案：suffixed word8. The process of creating a new word by shortening an existing word is called ________.答案：clipping9. A word that is formed by combining parts of two or more words is called a ________.答案：blend10. The process of creating a new word by changing the form of an existing word is called ________.答案：conversion三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between a prefix and a suffix.答案：A prefix is an affix that is added to the beginning of a root to form a new word with a different meaning, such as "un-" in "unbelievable". A suffix is an affix that is added to the end of a root to form a new word, often changing thepart of speech or adding a specific meaning, such as "-ness"in "happiness".2. What is the role of a morpheme in the structure of a word? 答案：A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language, and it can be a word by itself or part of a word.It can be a root, which carries the core meaning, or an affix, which modifies the meaning or function of the root.3. Describe the process of word formation through blending.答案：Word formation through blending involves combiningparts of two or more words to create a new word. This process results in a word that is shorter and often more convenientto use, such as "brunch" from "breakfast" and "lunch".。
词汇学模拟试卷（参考答案）
词汇学模拟试卷（参考答案）词汇学模拟试卷（参考答案）《英语词汇学》模拟试卷 (一)I. Choose the best answer and put the letter of your choice in the brackets. (30%) 1. English lexicology embraces morphology, semantics,______ stylistics and lexicography.A. etymologyB. pragmaticsC. syntax .D. phonology ( ) 2. The most important of all the features of the basic word stock is ______.A. stability .B. productivityC. polysemy .D. all national character ( ) 3. Old English vocabulary was essentially ______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.A. Celtic .B. HellenicC. Italic .D. Germanic . ( ) 4. In modern times, ______ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.A. borrowingB. backformationC. creationD. semantic change ( ) 5. The words “motel” and “comsat” are called ______.A. blendsB. compoundsC. acronymsD. initialisms . ( ) 6. The word “teachers” contains three morphemes, but the word “shortenings” has______ morphemes.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five ( ) 7. Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. conceptB. worldC. context .D. sense ( ) 8. Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example: ______.A. dorm for “dormitory”B. fond for “affectionate”C. dish for “food”D. TV for “television” ( )9. The word “mouth” in the phrase “the mouth of a river” is regarded as a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. etymologicallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. semantically ( ) 10. Words formed by acronymy can be divided into initialisms and acronyms depending on the ______ of the word.A. pronunciationB. spellingC. functionD. meaning ( ) 11. Frogs croak, but elephants ______.A. neighB. squeakC. bleat .D. trumpet ( ) 12. The antonyms “present” and “absent” are ______ terms.A. relativeB. contraryC. contradictoryD. graded ( )113. The idiom “scream and shout” is a good example of ______.A. reiteratonB. alliterationC. repetitionD. juxtaposition ( ) 14. Ambiguity arises due to all the following except ______.A. polysemyB. synonymyC. homonymyD. structure ( ) 15. The order of meanings in CCELD indicates the ______ changes of words.A. grammaticalB. morphologicalC. semanticD. phonological ( ) II. Complete the sentences with the proper words from the course book. (15%) 1. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given __________________and meaning and syntactic function.2. English has evolved from a ____________________ language (Old English) to the present analytic language.3. Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ___________________ morphemes.4. A ________________ is known as the smallest functioning unit in the compositionof words.5. Although reference is a kind of abstraction, yet with the help of _______________it can refer to something specific.6. The second major language known in England was the_________________ of the Roman Legions.7. Conceptual meaning is also known as ____________________ meaning.8. The relationship between sound and meaning is _________________ andarbitrary. 9. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of __________________ inclusion. 10. The same word may have different ___________________ meanings as shown in “do, does, did, done, doing.”11. Synonyms may differ in the ___________________ and intensity of meaning. 12. The word “famous” is ___________________, but the word “notorious” isderogatory.13. Characterized by semantic unity and ______________________ stability, idioms do not allow changes as a rule.14. Linguistic context can be subdivided into____________________ context and grammatical context.15. So far as the language is concerned, LDCE and CCELD published in Britain are both _____________________ dictionaries.III(Decide whether the following statements are true or false andthen put in the brackets the letter “T” if the statement is true or “F” if it is false. (15%)1. Morphemes are abstract units, which are realized in speech by discrete units known as morphs. ( )2. English words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency. ( )3. Danish, Icelandic, Flemish and Norwegian are generally known as Scandinavian languages. ( )24. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns are thought to be content words, which are also known as notional words. ( )5. The word“miniskirt” is a semantically motivated word. ( ) 6. There isa reversative prefix in the word “unwrap”. ( )7. The words “AIDS” and “UFO” are regarded as acronyms. ( )8. There is an inf lectional morpheme in the word “shorter”. ( )9. Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but identical in sound and spelling. ( ) 10. In the idiom “chop and change”, alliteration is used. ( )11. The word “disease” originally meant “discomfort”, but now it means “illness”, soit has undergone degradation of meaning. . ( ) 12. Contextmay prove very valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. ( ) 13. In some idioms, a constituent may be replaced by a word of the same part of speech, only resulting in synonymous idioms. ( ) 14. One of the unique features of CCELD is language notes. ( ) 15. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is a specialized dictionary. ( ) IV. .Answer the following questions. (20%)1. What are the characteristics of Old English?2. What are the differences between a root and a stem?33. What is acronymy? What is the difference between initialisms and acronyms?4. What is the difference between conceptual meaning and associative meaning?5. How is context classified?4V. Analyze and comment on the following.1. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words in terms of free morphemes and bound morphemes, and then explain the differences between the two kinds of morphemes.idealistic antecedent lighthouses2. Comment on the following two sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates.a. Trees surround the water near our summer place.b. Old elms surround the lake near our summer place.5《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(一)参考答案I. 选择题1. A2. D3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. C9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. CII. 填空题1. sound2. synthetic3. inflectional4. morpheme5, context 6. Latin 7. denotative 8. conventional9. semantic 10. grammatical 11. range 12. appreciative 13.structural 14. lexical 15. monolingualIII. 是非题1. T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. F8. T9. F 1o. T 11, F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. TIV. 问答题1. Old English was mainly Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Germanic tribes calledAngles, Saxons, and Jutes. It had a vocabulary of about50,000 to 60,000 words. Itwas a highly inflected language just like modern German. It was a syntheticlanguage.2. A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed withouttotal loss of identity. The root, whether free or bound, generally carries the maincomponent of meaning in a word. A stem may consist of a single root morphemeas in “cat” and “teach” or a root morpheme plus one or more affixationalmorphemes as in “foolish” and “unacceptable”. Therefore, a stem can be definedas a form to which affixes of any kind can be added, but a root is that part of aword form that remains when all inflectional and derivational affixes have beenremoved.3. Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining theinitial letters ofnames of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technicalterms, Words formed in this way are called initialisms or acronyms, depending onthe pronunciation of the words. Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter,but acronyms formed from initial letters are pronounced as normal words. 4. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotativemeaning) is the meaninggiven in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Associative meaningis the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. Conceptualmeaning, being constant and relatively stable, forms the basis for communicationas the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the samelanguage, but associative meaning, being open-ended and indeterminate, is liableto the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, and so on.65. Context is used in different senses. In a narrow sense, it refers to the words,clauses, sentence, in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic contextwhich may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the whole book. In abroad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is calledextra-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place,and even thewhole cultural background.V. 论述题1. 1) Each of the three words consists of three morphemes:idealistic (ideal + ist +ic), antecedent (ante + ced + ent), lighthouses (light + house+ s).2) Of the nine morphemes, “ideal”, “light” and “house” arefree morphemes,but all the rest –ist, -ic, ante-, -ced-, -ent and –s are bound morphemes Of the sixbound morphemes, -ist, -ic, ante- and –ent are derivational morphemes and –s isan inflectional morpheme, while –ced- is a bound root.3) Free morphemes which are independent of other morphemes have completemeanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences,but bound morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are boundto othersto form new words.2. 1) The relationship between some words used in the two given sentences ishyponymy.2) In th e first sentence, “trees”, “water” and “place” are all superordinateswhile “old elms”, “lake” and “cabin” in the second sentenceare all subordinatescompared with the corresponding expressions in the previous sentence.3) The second sentence is clearer than the first one because subordinates arevivid, precise and concrete.《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(一)I. 选择题1. A2. D3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. C9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. CII. 填空题1. sound2. synthetic3. inflectional4. morpheme5, context 6. Latin 7. denotative 8. conventional9. semantic 10. grammatical 11. range 12. appreciative 13. structural 14. lexical 15. monolingualIII. 是非题1. T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. F8. T9. F 1o. T 11, F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. TIV. 问答题2. Old English was mainly Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Germanic tribes called7Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. It had a vocabulary of about 50,000 to 60,000 words. Itwas a highly inflected language just like modern German. It was a syntheticlanguage.2. A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed withouttotal loss of identity. The root, whether free or bound, generally carries the maincomponent of meaning in a word. A stem may consist of a single root morphemeas in “cat” and “teach” or a root morpheme plus one or more affixationalmorphemes as in “foolish” and “unacceptable”. Therefore, a stem can be definedas a form to which affixes of any kind can be added, but a root is that part of aword form that remains when all inflectional and derivational affixes have beenremoved.3. Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining theinitial letters ofnames of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technicalterms, Words formed in this way are called initialisms or acronyms, depending onthe pronunciation of the words. Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter,but acronyms formed from initial letters are pronounced as normal words. 4. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotative meaning) is the meaninggiven in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Associative meaningis the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. Conceptualmeaning, being constant and relatively stable, forms the basis for communicationas the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the samelanguage, but associative meaning, being open-ended and indeterminate, is liableto the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, and so on. 5. Context is used in different senses. In a narrow sense, it refers to the words,clauses, sentence, in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic contextwhich may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the whole book. In abroad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is calledextra-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place,and even thewhole cultural background.V. 论述题1. 1) Each of the three words consists of three morphemes:idealistic (ideal + ist +ic), antecedent (ante + ced + ent), lighthouses (light + house + s).2) Of the nine morphemes, “ideal”, “light” and “house” arefree morphemes,but all the rest –ist, -ic, ante-, -ced-, -ent and –s are bound morphemes Of the sixbound morphemes, -ist, -ic, ante- and –ent are derivational morphemes and –s isan inflectional morpheme, while –ced- is a bound root.3) Free morphemes which are independent of other morphemes have completemeanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences,but bound morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are boundto othersto form new words.2. 1) The relationship between some words used in the two given sentences ishyponymy.82) In the first sentence, “trees”, “water” and “place” are all superordinateswhile “old elms”, “lake” and “cabin” in the sec ond sentenceare all subordinatescompared with the corresponding expressions in the previous sentence.3) The second sentence is clearer than the first one because subordinates arevivid, precise and concrete.9。
2024年4月广州自考英语词汇学试题
2024年4月广州自考英语词汇学试题一、以下哪个词汇与“lexicology”意义相近？A. lexicographyB. phoneticsC. semanticsD. pragmatics（答案）A二、在英语词汇学中，“morpheme”指的是什么？A. 词素B. 词根C. 词缀D. 词义（答案）A三、下列哪个术语用来描述词汇的变化和发展？A. etymologyB. semanticsC. lexicographyD. lexicostatistics（答案）A四、“Synonymy”是指什么关系？A. 同音关系B. 同义关系C. 反义关系D. 上下义关系（答案）B五、以下哪个词汇描述的是“语言使用者对词汇使用的偏好和选择”？A. lexical fieldB. lexical frequencyC. lexical choiceD. lexical variation（答案）C六、在英语词汇学中，“collocation”指的是什么？A. 词汇的搭配关系B. 词汇的语音特征C. 词汇的语法功能D. 词汇的文化内涵（答案）A七、“Polysemy”是指什么现象？A. 一词多义B. 一义多词C. 同音异义D. 同形异义（答案）A八、以下哪个术语用于描述词汇在特定语境中的具体意义？A. connotationB. denotationC. contextual meaningD. associative meaning（答案）C。