武汉大学研究生英语作业 My ideas about Intercultural Communication 作文

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武汉大学的特色英语作文

武汉大学的特色英语作文英文：As a student at Wuhan University, I have experienced first-hand the unique English writing style that is encouraged and developed at this prestigious institution. One of the key features of our English writing is the emphasis on critical thinking and analysis. We are encouraged to express our own opinions and ideas, and to support them with evidence and examples. This has helped me to develop a more independent and analytical approach to my writing, which I believe will be invaluable in my future academic and professional endeavors.In addition to critical thinking, anothercharacteristic of our English writing is the emphasis on creativity and originality. We are encouraged to think outside the box and to explore new ideas and perspectives. This has allowed me to develop my own unique writing style, and to express myself in a more creative and engagingmanner. For example, in a recent essay assignment, I was able to incorporate personal anecdotes and experiences to support my arguments, which added a personal touch to my writing and made it more relatable to the reader.Furthermore, the English writing at Wuhan University also places a strong emphasis on language proficiency and fluency. We are encouraged to expand our vocabulary, improve our grammar, and refine our language skills in order to communicate effectively and persuasively. This has helped me to become a more confident and articulate writer, and has enabled me to express my ideas with clarity and precision.Overall, the English writing at Wuhan University is characterized by its emphasis on critical thinking, creativity, and language proficiency. These features have not only helped me to become a better writer, but have also equipped me with the skills and confidence to communicate effectively in a global context.中文：作为武汉大学的学生，我亲身体验了这所学府鼓励和培养的独特英文写作风格。

武汉大学研究生英语summary写作范文(原文及范文)

WritingDirections: For this part, you are to write a summary of either of two articles that are presented to you in the following. Your summary should be 150-200 words. Remember to write neatly.Science and HumanityThe twentieth century saw more momentous change than any previous century: change for better, change for worse; change that brought enormous benefits to human beings, change that threatens the very existence of the human species. Many factors contributed to this change but—in my opinion—the most important factor was the progress in science.Academic research in the physical and biological sciences has vastly broadened our horizons; it has given us a deep insight into the structure of matter and of the universe; it has brought better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous evolution. Technology—the application of science—has made fantastic advances that have affected us beneficially in nearly every aspect of life: better health, more wealth, less drudgery (单调沉闷的工作), greater access to information.Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed to the detriment(损害) of mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and manufacture of weapons of mass destruction has created a real threat to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons. Although their actual use in combat has so far occurred only in 1945—when two Japanese cities were destroyed—during the four decades of the Cold War, obscenely huge arsenals(武器库) of nuclear weapons were accumulated and made ready for use. The arsenals were so large that if the weapons had actually been detonated (爆炸) the result could have been the complete extinction of the human species, as well as of many animal species.William Shakespeare said: "The web of our life is of a mingled (混合的) yarn, good and ill together. " The above brief review of the application of only one strand of human activities—science—seems to bear out this adage (格言). But does it have to be so? Must ill always accompany good deeds? Are we biologically programmed for aggression and war?I am not an authority in genetics, but from my readings and life-long observation I do not see any evidence that we are genetically condemned to commit evil. On the contrary, on very general grounds I would say that genetically we are destined to do things that are of benefit to the human species, and that the negative aspects are mistakes, transient errors in the process of evolution. In other words, I believe in the inherent goodness of Man.We are thus faced with a daunting (威吓，使胆怯) dilemma. As a process of natural evolution, science should be allowed to develop freely, without restrictions. But can we afford the luxury of uninhibited research in the natural sciences, with its awesome (可怕的) potential of total destruction, in a world in which war is still a recognized social institution?The preservation of the human species and its continuing enhancement demand that we learn to live with one another in peace and harmony. But this learning process has been slow and arduous (费力的), and is not yet complete. Due to the harsh conditions under which primitive man lived, he often had to fight with other human beings for survival. Individual killing and, later, collective killing—war—thus began to be seen as a natural phenomenon.We are still not organized for a war-free world. But in the meantime, the human species may be brought to an end by the use of the tools of destruction, themselves the product of science and technology.In my opinion, the problem has to a large extent arisen from the uneven rate of advance in thedifferent areas of human activities, in particular, between the progress in the natural sciences—which include the physical and biological disciplines, and the various social sciences—economics, sociology, politics (with psychology perhaps at the interface between the two major groups). Undoubtedly, there has been much faster progress in the natural sciences than in the social ones.Why have the natural sciences, especially the physical sciences, advanced so much faster than the social sciences? It is not because physicists are wiser or cleverer than, say, economists. The explanation is simply that physics is easier to master than economics. Although the material world is a highly complex system, for practical purposes it can be described by a few general laws. The laws of physics are immutable (不可改变的). They apply everywhere, on this planet as well as everywhere else in the universe, and are not affected by human reactions and emotions, as the social sciences are.How can we tackle this unevenness in the rate of progress of different.areas of science? Two ways come to mind:one, by accelerating the rate of progress in the social sciences; two, by slowing down the rate of advancement of the natural sciences in some areas, for example, by the imposition of ethical codes of conduct.Clearly, the former is by far the preferable way. What we would like to see is faster progress in the social sciences, leading to the establishment of a social system which would make war not only unnecessary but unthinkable; a system in which the existence of old, or the invention of new, weapons of mass destruction, would not matter, because nobody would dream of using them; a system in which people will be able to say: “nuclear weapons: who cares?”Responsibility for one's actions is, of course, a basic requirement of every citizen, not just of scientists. Each of us must be accountable for our deeds. But the need for such responsibility is particularly imperative for scientists, if only because scientists understand the technical problems better than the average citizen or politician. And knowledge brings responsibility.In any case, scientists do not have a completely free hand. The general public, through elected governments, have the means to control science, either by withholding (抑制) the purse, or by imposing restrictive regulations harmful to science. Clearly it is far better that any control should be exercised by the scientists themselves, through a self-imposed code of conduct. The establishment of an ethical code of conduct for scientists is an idea whose time has come.Summary：Science and HumanityThe twentieth century has made greater change to the world, which was brought by the progress in science, than any previous century. Unfortunately, not all these changes did good to the human society. Some of them have done serious damage to mankind and have been even predicted to destroy the whole world someday if out of control. In fact, mankind is not biologically programmed for violent behaviors like war. People are faced with a dilemma in which we would like to see science develop freely, but cannot afford the result of that. It is a basic instinct that man tends to protect oneself by fighting with others. The progress in the nautral sciences is much faster than that in social sciences because laws in natural sciences are immutable and apply everywhere and are not affected by human reactions and emotions. For even developmemt and for a better future of mankind, imposition of ethical codes is necessary. Everyone should be responsible for his behavior, especially the scientists. (166 words)China Sees Opportunities in Climate ChangeUNLIKE America’s leaders, China’s bosses are not much troubled by recalcitrant（顽强的）legislatures. The government has therefore had no difficulty in executing a smart volte face（完全改变）on climate change. Around three years ago its fierce resistance to the notion of any limit on its greenhouse-gas emissions started to soften. It now seems to be making serious efforts to control them.One reason for this change is the country’s growing awareness of its vulnerability to a warming world. The monsoon（季风）seems to be weakening, travelling less far inland and dumping its rainfall on the coasts. As a result China is seeing floods in the south-east and droughts in the north-west. At the same time the country’s leaders are deeply concerned about the melting of the glaciers on the Tibetan plateau, which feed not just the Ganges, the Indus, the Brahmaputra and the Mekong but also the Yangzi and Yellow rivers .A second reason is China’s growing sense of global responsibility. The country is not only the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases; it now regards itself, and is regarded, as one of the w orld’s leading powers, and therefore expects to work with the other big powers to tackle global problems such as the economic crisis, nuclear proliferation（核扩散）and climate change.A third reason is energy security. Although China has large coal reserves, it is also a big importer. Concerns about excessive dependence on foreign fossil fuels sharpened when China’s oil imports rocketed and, in 2005, the attempt by CNOOC（China National Offshore Oil Corporation), China’s largest offshore oil and gas company, to buy America’s Unocal was rebuffed. China’s push into nuclear and renewable energy has been driven by its need to diversify its energy sources.The fourth reason is economic. The Kyoto protocol has given China an incentive to clean up its act. China has received $2 billion through the CDM（Clean Development Mechanism) for cleaning up its industrial processes and building clean-energy capacity—half the money that has flowed through the CDM. That is expected to rise to $8 billion by 2012.But a longer-term economic motive springs from a shift in the way China thinks about growth. In the past, its all-out drive for growth has led it to rebuff pressure to cut emissions. Attempts to control pollution foundered on the performance-assessment system for officials at all levels of government, which prioritises growth. But that has been adjusted to encourage energy efficiency, and at the same time the leadership has started to argue that growth and greenery are compatible.Since Wen Jiabao took over as prime minister, the leadership has tried to define economic growth as something broader and longer-term than GDP figures imply: the emphasis has been on a “harmonious society” and “scientific development”. Nobody was sure what the latter meant, but Mr Wen has recently been talking about a more “resource-efficient environmentally friendly society” and Hu Jintao, the president, has referred several times to a “low-carbon economy” and a “green economy”.Local pollution may help to explain the shift. Residents are infuriated by filthy air and water that kills people and damages unborn children. Policies to cut carbon-dioxide emissions—through reducing the energy used to produce goods—can help clean up China’s cities at the same time.More interesting is the idea that clean energy might be a source of growth rather than a constraint on it. China, so the argument goes, missed out on the computer revolution. It makes hardware, but American firms own most of the valuable stuff—the intellectual property for the software. “You can’t get rich making socks and toys,” explains Lin Jiang, director of the China Sustainable Energy Programme at the Energy Foundation in San Francisco. “They’re looking for the next growth industry. Clean energy clearly has huge potential. And no country dominates the industry yet. It’s a wide-open field.” Hu Angang, an economist at Tsinghua University, calls this “a huge opportunity for China. The country will become the largest renewable-energy market, bio-energy market, clean-coal market, nuclear-power market, carbon-exchange market, environmental-technology market, low-carbon economy, exporter of low-carbon products and low-carbon-technology innovator.”The government is giving the economy a shove in that direction. In 2006 the five-year plan set a target for a 20% cut in the energy intensity of GDP by the end of 2010. The start was slow, but by the end of last year it had managed 10% and it now looks on track for its target. According to Mr Lin, that would mean a reduction in carbon emissions of 1.5 billion tonnes per year by 2010, more than the Waxman-Markey bill’s caps for domestic industry would take out of America’s economy by 2020. China has relatively tight vehicle fuel-efficiency standards . Electric vehicles are being generously subsidised ($8,800 for a car and $73,500 for a bus) and the government plans to build the capacity to produce half a million a year by 2012.The most visible changes have come in renewable energy. In 2005 the National People’s Congress passed legislation to offer subsidies for renewable energy—around twice the amount for coal. For wind energy, the target was set at 20GW of capacity by 2020. The subsidy generated so much building that China now expects to hit that target by the end of this year and is aiming for 150GW by 2020. “It’s like a gold rush right now,” says Mr Lin. The target for solar energy, similarly, has been raised from 1.8GW to 20GW by 2020.To put this in context, wind currently generates only 0.4% of Chinese electricity. Coal generates 80%. And, although China’s government does not have to jump the legislative hurdles faced by America’s president, it sometimes struggles to get policy implemented on the ground. Yet if China’s many layers of government can be persuaded that green means growth, they will cleave （坚持）to this policy; and the leadership seems keen to make that happen.China, thus, is after the same “green jobs” that Americans have been promised as part of their road to economic recovery. America has huge advantages in terms of technology and capital, but China has a couple of things going for it too: cheaper labour and a leadership unconstrained by the need to get re-elected every four years. China can play a long game, which helps when dealing with climate change.SummaryChina Sees Opportunities in Climate ChangeIn order to help deal with climate change, Chinese government made a smart change and will make serious efforts to control its greenhouse gas emissions. As a big importer of energy resources, with the raising awareness of its vulnerability to a warming world and the growing sense of global responsibility, with the incentive given by the Kyoto Protocol and $2 billion provided by the CDM for cleaning up its industry processes and building clean-energy capacity, this change is justified for China. Since China's leadership realized that growth and greenery are compatible and advocated to have a "low-carbon" and "green" economy, the government set a target of a reduction in carbon emissions of 1.5 billion tons per year by 2010 by tightening vehicle-efficiency standards and diversifying its energy sources, such as wind energy. Actually, the practice of "green jobs" is a great opportunity for China to clean up its cities and build clean-energy capacity. In the long run, China will become the largest renewable energy market in the world. With cheaper labours and a stronger leadership, China can play a long game in dealing with climate change. (187 words)。

武汉大学研究生英语课文原文 Stumbling Blocks in Intercultural

武汉大学研究生英语课文原文 Stumbling Blocks inInterculturalStumbling Blocks inIntercultural Communication1. Why is it that contact with persons from other cultures is so often frustrating and fraught with misunderstanding? Good intentions, the use of what one considers to be a friendly approach and even the possibility of mutual benefits don't seem to be sufficient to ensure success-to many people's surprise. Sometimes rejection occurs just because the group to which a person belongs is\changes in the international scene to take a look at some of the reasons for the disappointing results of attempts at communication. They are actually stumbling blocks in intercultural communication.2. Assumption of similaritiesOne answer to the question of why misunderstanding or rejection happens might be that many of us naivety assume there are sufficient similarities among peoples of the world to enable us tosuccessfully exchange information or feelings, solve problems ofmutual concerns, cement business relationships, or just make the kind of impression we wish to make. The tendency for all peopleto reproduce, group into families or societies, develop a language, and adapt to their environment is particularly deceiving because it leads to the expectation that the forms of these behaviors and the attitudes and values surrounding them will also besimilar. It's comforting to believe that\we'reall alike,\a determined search for proof of this leads to disappointment.3. Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to supportDarwin's theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that theparticular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, and happiness is the same for allmembers of ourspecies, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultu ral upbringing determines whether or notthat emotionwill be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree. The situations that bring about the emotional feeling also differ from culture to culture, for example, the death of a loved one may be a cause forjoy, sorrow, or some other emotion, depending upon the accepted cultural belief.4. Since there seems to be no universals of “human nature” that can be used as a basis for automatic understanding, we must treat each encounter as an individual case, searching for whatever perceptions and communication means are held in common and proceed from there. If we realize that we are all culture bound andculturally modified, we will accept the fact that, being unlike, wedo not reallyknow what someone else\5. The aura of similarity is a serious stumbling block to successful intercultural communication. A look-alike facade is deceiving when representatives from contrasting cultures meet, eachwearing Western dress, speaking English, and using similar greeting rituals. It is like assuming that New York, Tokyo, and Tehran are all alike because each has the appearance of a moderncity. Without being alert to possible differences and the needto learn new rules for functioning, persons going from one city tothe other will be in immediatetrouble, even when acting simple roles such as pedestrian and driver.6. Theconfidence that goes with the myth of similarity is much more comfortable than the assumption of differences, the latter requiring tentative assumptions and behaviors and a willingness toaccept the anxietyof\knowing.\with the assumptionof differences, however, can reactionsandinterpretationsbeadjustedtofit\happening.\someone is likely tomisread signs and judge the sceneethnocentrically.7. The stumbling block of assumedsimilarity is a “troublem,”as one English learner expressed it, not only for the foreigner but for the people in the host country with whom the internationalvisitor comes into contact. The native inhabitants are likely to be lulled into the expectation that, since the foreign person isdressed appropriately and speak some of the language, heor she will also have similar nonverbal codes, thoughts and feelings. Thus, nodding, smiling, and affirmative comment will probably be confidentlyinterpreted as meaning that they have informed,helped, and pleased the newcomer. It is likely, however, that theforeigner actually understood very little of the verbal and nonverbal content and was merely indicating polite interest or trying not to embarrass himself or herself of the host with verbalized questions. 8. Language DifferenceThe second stumbling block is so obvious that it hardly needs mentioning--language. Vocabulary, syntax, idioms, slang, dialects, and so on all cause difficulty, but the person strugglingwith a different language is at least aware of being in this kind oftrouble. A worse language problem is thetenacity with whichsomeone will cling to just one meaning of a word or phrase in thenew language, regardless of connotation or context. The variations in possible meaning, especially if inflection and tonal qualities are added, are so difficult to cope with that they are oftenwaved aside. The reason this problem is worse than simple struggling to translate foreign words is because each person thinks heor she understands. The nationwide misinterpretation of Khrushchev's sentence \example.Even\causetrouble.WhenaJapanesehears,\you have some tea?\or she listens to the literalmeaning of the sentence and answers,\that he orshe wants some.\host or hostess that there may be a misunderstanding. Also, in some culture, it is polite to refuse the first or second offer of refreshment. Many foreign guests have gone hungrybec ause their US host or hostess never presented the thirdoffer―another case of “no\9. Nonverbal misinterpretationsLearning the language, which most visitors to foreign countries consider their only barrier to understanding, is actually onlythe beginning. The third stumbling block is nonverbal misinterpretations. People from differentcultures inhabit different sensory realities. They see, hear, feel, and smell only that which has some meaning or importance for them. They abstractwhatever fits into their personal world of recognition and then interpret itthrough the frame of reference of their own culture. For example, a Saudi Arab would nonverbally signal that he liked a girl by smoothing back his hair, which to an American girl would be justa common nervous gesture signifying noting.10. The lack of comprehension ofnonverbal signs and symbols that are easyto observe--such as gestures, postures, and otherbody movements--is a definite communication barrier. But it is possible to learn the meanings of these observable messages, usually in informal rather than formal ways. It is more difficult tonote correctly the unspoken codes of the other culture that are further from awareness, such as the handling of time and spatialrelationships and subtle signs of respect of formality. 11. The Presence of Preconceptions and StereotypesThe fourth stumbling block is the presence of preconceptions and stereotypes. If the label\inscrutable\thus we explain the Japanese constantand inappropriate smile. The stereotype that Arabs are\”may cause the US students to keep their distance or even alert authorities when an animated and noisy group from the Middle Eastgathers. A professor who expects everyone from Indonesia,Mexico, and many other countries to%unfairly interpret a hesitationor request from an international student as amove to manipulate preferential treatment.12. Stereotypes help do what Ernest Becker says the anxiety--prone human race must do--reduce the threat of the unknownby making theworld predictable. Indeed, this is one of the basicfunctions of culture:to lay out a predictable world in which the individual is firmly oriented. Stereotypes are overgeneralized, secondhand beliefs that provide conceptual bases from which to\whether or not they are accurate or fit the circumstances. In a foreign land theiruse increases our feeling of security and is psychologically necessary to the degree that we cannot tolerate ambiguity orthe senseof helplessness resulting from inability to understand and dealwith people and situations beyond our comprehension.13. Stereotypes are stumbling blocks for communicators becausetheyinterfere with objective viewing of stimuli--the sensitivesearch for cues to guide the imagination toward the other persons' reality. Stereotypes are not easy to overcome in ourselves or tocorrect in others, even with thepresentation of evidence. Theypersist because they are firmly established as myths or truisms byone's own national culture and because they sometimesrationalize prejudices. They are also sustained and fed by the tendency toperceive selectively only those pieces of new information that correspond to the image held.14. ThePractice ofImmediate EvaluationThe fifth stumbling block and another deterrent to understanding between persons of differing cultures or ethnic groups isthe tendency to evaluate, to approve or disapprove, the statements and actions of the other person or group. Rather than to try to comprehend completely the thoughts and feelings expressedfrom the world view of the other, we assume our own culture or way of life always seems right, proper, and natural. This biasprevents the open-minded attention needed to look at the attitudes and behavior patterns fromthe other’s point of view.15. Fresh from a conference in Tokyo where Japanese professorshad emphasized the preference the people of Japan for simple natural settings感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

武汉大学的特色英语作文

武汉大学的特色英语作文英文：As a student of Wuhan University, I have experiencedthe unique features of English writing in this prestigious institution. One of the most notable characteristics is the emphasis on critical thinking and independent analysis. In our English classes, we are encouraged to express our own opinions and ideas, and to support them with evidence and reasoning. This has helped me to develop my analyticalskills and to become a more confident and articulate writer.Another distinctive feature of English writing at Wuhan University is the focus on creativity and originality. We are often given open-ended prompts or creative writing assignments that allow us to explore our imagination and experiment with different writing styles. For example, in one of my creative writing classes, I was asked to write a short story using only dialogue, which was a challengingbut ultimately rewarding exercise in creativity.In addition to these academic aspects, Wuhan University also places a strong emphasis on practical communication skills in English writing. We are given opportunities to participate in debates, presentations, and group discussions, which have helped me to improve my public speaking and persuasive writing abilities. These practical experiences have been invaluable in preparing me for real-world communication in English.Overall, the English writing education at Wuhan University has not only improved my language skills, but has also helped me to become a more critical thinker, a more creative writer, and a more effective communicator in English.中文：作为武汉大学的一名学生，我经历了这所知名学府英语写作的独特特色。

武汉研究生旅行英语作文

武汉研究生旅行英语作文Last weekend, I went on a trip to Wuhan with my fellow graduate students. It was such an amazing experience! We visited the famous Yellow Crane Tower and the beautiful East Lake. The scenery was breathtaking and we took so many photos to capture the memories.The food in Wuhan was absolutely delicious. We triedall kinds of local specialties, like hot dry noodles, Re Gan Mian, and of course, the famous Wuhan hot dry noodles. The flavors were so rich and unique, it was an adventurefor our taste buds.One of the highlights of the trip was visiting the Hubei Provincial Museum. The artifacts and historicalrelics were so fascinating. It was like taking a journey through time and learning about the rich culture andhistory of Wuhan and China as a whole.We also had the chance to experience the nightlife inWuhan. The city was so vibrant and lively, with so many bars, clubs, and street performances. We danced, laughed, and made new friends, creating memories that will last a lifetime.Overall, the trip to Wuhan was an unforgettable experience. It was a perfect mix of culture, history, and fun. I can't wait to go back and explore more of this amazing city.。

武汉大学硕士英语试卷-带答案

English for Graduates (Paper A No. 20180110)I.Listening Comprehension (20%)Part One Directions:In this part you will hear 3 short talks. Each talk is followed by some questions. You will hear the talk and questions only once. Listen carefully and answer each question by choosing one from the four choices marked A, B, C or D. Then mark your answers on the Answer Sheet. (15%)Talk 1Questions 1-5 are based on the talk you have just heard.I. A. It will be the same size as the US economy.B.It will be almost the same size as the US economy.C.It will be twice the size of the US economy.D.It will be larger in size than the US economy。

2. A. In 2020 B. In 2025 C. In 2027 D. In 20503. A. China will be the first developing country with the world's largest economy.B.China will reverse the trend of westernization as a result of economic development and globalization.C.China will become the world's dominant country with very different civilizational rootsfrom the West.1D.Both A and C.4. A. He believes that it is general truth.B.He warns that it is a sign of hostility.C.He criticizes it as wishful thinking.D.He thinks that it is an illusion.5. A. They use western ideas and terms.B.They overestimate their cultural influence.C.They don't speak the Chinese language.D.They ignore the power of civilization.Talk 2Questions 6-10 are based on the talk you have just heard.6. A. A change of government.B.The map of deaths.C.Snow and Whitehead's continued efforts.D.Both B and C.7. A, Building the sewers in London.B.Responding immediately to the cholera outbreak in 1866.C.Providing better medical care to city dwellers.居民D.Telling everybody to start boiling their water in 1866.18. A. critical 批评的B. pessimistic 悲观的C. optimistic 乐观的 D. appreciative 赏识的9. A.People slowly realized that living in big metropolitan（大都会）cities is unsustainable as the crowdedness made outbreaks of diseases like cholera unavoidable.B.People began to realize that keeping domesticated animals and bad living habits increase the change of cholera outbreaks.C.People no longer think that it is a healthy thing to take drinking water from wells andpumps in crowded neighborhoods.D.People finally realized that sustainable living is possible in large metropolitan cities with the help of science and improved city management.10. A. New York City will be only 10% of its size.B.It has created a whole new way of life.C.New York City will collapse in on itself like Rome.D. H has spread the influence of Christianity.Talk 3Questions 11-15 are based on the talk you have just heard.11. A. My drawing will show them what God looks like.B.They will draw a picture of God.1C.I will teach them about God's look.D.Their pictures will show what God looks like.I2. A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 1013.A. He was telling a lie because he was naughty.B.He was saying something in place of “frankincense”. 乳香C.He was blaming 指责Frank for his mistakeD.He was praising Frank for his performance14. A. They were born with artistic talents which were not used well.cators should realize that being wrong means being creative.C.They are frightened of making mistakes and stigmatize mistakes.D.Kids are not afraid of being wrong and are willing to try.15. A. Mistakes are the worst thing in the current national education system.B.The unpredictability of education is extraordinary.C.We are educating kids out of their creative capacity.D.It is easier to to be born an artist than to remain an artist as we grow up.Part TwoDirections:!!! this part, you will hear a talk twice and then write a summary of the talk.Your1summary should be around40 words. Please write your answer on Answer Sheet II. (5%) II. Vocabulary (25%)Directions: There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.16. Still, that_____of a robot means AlphaGo lacks the human touch required to manage employees. Counsel patients or adequately write flowing newspaper features about its own dominance over humans.A.cement 水泥B.virulent剧毒的C.implement 工具，器械D.detachment分离，分开17. Of course, the fact that Trump Was the ultimate media showman with a __________ of controversial political phrases that demand attention and response was a salient factor in his rise to power.A. rationale根据，基础理论B. revenue 收益，财政收入C. repertoire全部节目D. ritual仪式18.But as Walmart moves into the digital space dominated by Amazon, Amazon is________on the physical realm（领域）to win over more customers.A. encroaching侵占B. obliterating抹杀C. tarnishing使失去光泽D. facilitating促进，使便利19.Hong Kong returned from British to Chinese rule in 1997 under a ' one country, two1systems'' arrangement that guarantees a high degree of__________, including an independent （独立的）judiciary（司法机构）and freedom of expression.A. autonomy自治，自主权B. antecedent在先的C. variableD.orientation20.The summit（峰会，高层会议，最高级的）website has posted___________to victims（受害人）of bombings in Iraq and cyclones in the Caribbean-but nothing on what international aid（帮助）agencies describe as the worlds most urgent（紧急的）humanitarian（人道主义的）crisis（危机）.A. cassava木薯B.cognition认知C.credence凭证，信任D. condolences同情，哀悼21.Nishikori, who underwent（经历，承受）elbow（n.肘部，弯头，扶手，弯管vt.用肘推挤）surgery（外科手术）and was sidelined（v.使靠边）for almost a year in 2009, chose________instead of surgery to treat his wrist(手腕) injury.A. Rehabilitation修复，康复B.approbation 认可，赞许，批准C. distortion扭曲，变形D. depersonalization 去人性化，失性22.Asset managers have defined their mission as maximizing the market value of their clients’________, and in turn demand that firms maximize profits.A. profiles侧面，外形，轮廓B. portfolios投资组合C.paradigms范式D. perceptions观念，认识，感知23.A TV show which depicted（[dɪˈpɪkt] 描述，描绘）a bizarre（[bɪˈzɑr]奇怪的）love story1between a nine-year-old boy and an 18-year-old woman has been pulled off air followingcriticism（[ˈkrɪtɪˌsɪzəm]批判）that it promoted child marriage and was________.A. progressive进步的B.discursive离题的，离谱的C. regressive逆行的，退化的D.impervious无动于衷的，不受影响的24. On the timeline, the industrial age has________suddenly and the digital age is blasting off（爆破，发射）in new directions.A. fallen away离开B. fraught with充满C. fallen out 消失D. taken out 取出，除去25.Illegal（非法的）crossings have ticked upward（上升）again but remain well below historic （历史的）levels.and the perception（认知，感知）of tougher（坚强的，严格的）law enforcement（执行）appears to remain a ___________to would-be immigrants.A. dehumanization 非人性化B.dispensation分发，分配C. disposal处置D. deterrent 威慑力量；制止的，遏制的26.Global warming in the 21st century is taken as the result of the typically（典型的）______ greenhouse gas concentrations（浓度）that substantively（实质上）interrupt the normal operation of nature.A. anthropogenic人为的B. ecological生态C. meteorological气象D.biological生物学的27.Top administration officials continue to claim the bill will more than pay for itselfby________a flood of economic activity that expands the tax base.1A. confounding使困惑，使惊讶，混淆B. unleashing释放C. vanquishing征服，战胜 D. harnessing v.治理；n.马具28.Rather than_____disputes between buyers and sellers, the internet companyenabled forums and message boards, as well as the ability to rate users and leave reviews.A.warranting保证B.remitting免除，赦免C. mediating调解D.participating参与29.The new museum, located along Kalella Avenue, features a largeglass and a 10,000-square-foot balcony(阳台) that bathes（沐浴）the interior（内部）with natural light.A. lime石灰B.azalea杜鹃花C.skeleton骨骼，框架D.facade外表，建筑物正面30.During his as deputy（副的）secretary（秘书）, he pushed for greater disclosure（披露）of prices associated with medical services to help foster（抚养，培养）competition（竞争者，竞赛）and contain costs.A. tenure任期，占有期B.temerity鲁莽，冒失C.tableau （人构成的画面或场景，戏剧性场面）D.torso人体躯干，未完成的作品，躯干雕塑品nd or buildings make particularly good because they tend to increase in value, and it’s hard to hide them from creditors（债权人）or banks.A.bulk体积，大块，大量B. cyclone 龙卷风C. collateral抵押物D.vector矢量，航向32.The RealReal's experiment last December in New York revealed a particular_______between on-line and off-line shopping, and a customer base ready and willing to1combine the two.A. synergy协同作用B.stereotype陈规陋习C.strategy策略D.subsidy补贴33.If the slowdown（减速）in new development is_____________of a decline in luxury sales，then the strength of apartment sales may suggest a surge in the entry-level and mid-level markets.A. boundB.relevantrmed了解情况的，见多识广的D.symptomatic症状的34.Wipe the apples clean, then chill them in an ice bath to bring the temperature downso the_______heat doesn't cook the apples.A.marginal边缘的B.empirical经验主义的C. confidential机密的D.residual剩余的，残渣35.Marble went on to say Americans enjoy multicultural（多元化）food but cautioned（警告，小心）that people also need to consider whether they are__________to any diseases because of their genetic（遗传的）makeup（补充，构造，体格）.A.Predisposed使用预先有倾向，使易于患病B. proposed（提出，被提议的，所推荐的）C. stipulated（v规定，约定;adj.合同规定的）D.divulged吐露，泄露36.What additional secrets the Russian hackers may have ________ from multiple agencies, by turning the Kaspersky software into a sort for Sensitive information, is not yet publicly1known.A.bemused困惑的B.gleaned搜集，拾得C. ameliorated改善D.infested侵扰的，为患的37.At least three of their six children have a rare neurological（神经学的，神经的）illness that manifests（清单）itself around age four, causing mental ______, loss of the use of their limbs and, later. death.A. incineration焚烧，火葬B. retardation阻滞，延迟C.Connotation内涵，含义D.alleviation缓解，缓和38. Google is resisting a legal request to disclose salary records in a gender discrimination （歧视）lawsuit（诉讼）, marking the technology company’s latest efforts to prevent _________ of how much it pays its female employees.A.ambiguity模棱两可，含糊B. variability易变性C. Scrutiny仔细审查D.allergy过敏，反感，厌恶39.To teach a computer to learn takes _________ reasoning—that is, using data from a small number of instances to generate hypotheses and theories that apply to a very large number of cases.A. inductive归纳的，敏感的，诱导的B.deductive推论的，演绎的C.conductive传导的D. iterative重复的，迭代的40.Building owners in commercial or high-density（高密度）residential（住宅的）zones also1can get city permission to convert apartment buildings for_______occupancy and rent themout for short stays.A. transparent透明的B. transient短暂的，临时的，瞬态，疏忽C. tangible n.有形资产;adj.确实的，真实的，实际的D. tertiary adj.第三的，第三期的，第三纪的；n.第三系，第三纪，第三级教士111. Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: Read the following passages and choose the best answer to each question. Passage IEvidence-based Fitness ProgramsThere is a new methodology of practicing fitness called evidence-basedfitness.”It is the conscientious,explicit and judicious (明智的) use of current ‘best”evidence in making decisions about the care of members and clients. This new paradigm in fitness is gaining traction as a result of the current trend in medicine to use evidence-based methods. Basically, the practice of evidence-based fitness means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research. In other words, take the best scientific evidence. apply it not to large groups. but to individual clients. Most fitness professionals depend on anecdotal information to establish exercise prescriptions for clients and members. Designing exercise prescriptions on antiquated formulas and the “one size fits all”ideology are fraught with error and dangerous not only for the healthy member, but especially for those ‘at risk.”With the increasing number of at-risk individuals joining fitness centers. using the evidence-basedmethod should he a no-brainer （显而易见的结论) . Everyone is different, so dispensing（分1配，施予）generalized exercise advice to millions of individuals will not produce optimal (最佳的) results.What’s driving the trend?Several factors are contributing to the use of evidence.based practice in the fitness industry. One is that hospitals are experiencing a decline in net revenue due to changes in state and federal regulations, and they are looking outside their traditional model of sick care for reimbursement(赔付) strategies. They are attempting to capitalize on what more than 15,000 fitness centers across the U.S. already know:Fitness/Wellness is a prosperous industry. According to the annual report published by the Medical Fitness Association(MFA), there arc an estimated 875 hospital_associated fitness centers currently in the United States and Canada. They have seen an average growth of 12 percent annually since 1985. MFA predictions estimate more than 1,150 centers by 2010. Obviously, hospitals use the evidence-based model for patient care. and when they become more involved in the fitness industry, they will incorporate this methodology into the operation of their fitness facilities.Why evidence-based fitness?Improved quality of member care.One benefitofevidence-based fitness includes improved quality of member and client care. With a systematic and progressive approach based on independent clinical research, an appropriate periodized prescription can be formulated, progressing the client on an individualized. safe and guided course of Improved health.The promotion of critical thinking. Evidence-based practice requires that the professional1evaluate each client individually, review the literature and find the best methods to approach fitness needs. It isno longer acceptable to use a cookie cutter(一成不变的) approach to clients’health and fitness. Through critical thinking and evaluations of the literature, the professional is able to apply up-to-date and valid interventions.Third party reimbursement.One of the driving motives of the industry to incorporate evidence-based practice is third party reimbursement. Typically , health insurance companies will not reimburse for services unless they have proof the intervention was safe and effective in improving the health of their insured(保户). This requires appropriate documentation, which will be reviewed according to evidence-based practice.Building an evidence-based fitness programInitiating an evidence-based fitness program begins with the ability to collect data(member information). This is vital for two reasons. First, collection of members’health history and demographical(人口统计学的)information will allow staff to better create the exercise experience”through comparison to the population-based scientific data, and use critical thinking to create the “perfect” exercise prescription. Second. collecting client data and storing it according to specific groups, populations, disease risks. etc., allows that database to be queried (质疑) for any number of purposes,including case studies, variable specific research and outcomes management. For those critical thinkers.this translates into gold, relative to third party payers, test and automatically upload the monitor with the appropriate values to calculate the appropriate raining zones.It is also possible to monitor up to 30 individual heart rates within a radius(半径范围) of 100 yards on a laptop.Think of the practical use in circuit training-group cycling and special population1programming.Appropriate heart rates are identified.the workout is performed and the data is stored,Ah,the science of success!Equipment.On the strength side of the equation,computerized systems exists that attach directly to new existing equipment(some is proprietary 私有的and other work with any equipment),adding an “intelligent”dimension to the workout experience.Artificial intelligence allows the system to learn the users’ programs,and coaches them individually through their workout for better form,safety and confidence.It tracks their progress for the work-out and over time.On strength and cardio(心脏) equipment,a touch screen and/or key displays the workout for the particular piece of equipment.The intuitive system coaches the client relative to speed,form,heart rate etc.,and tracks the workout session.Behind the scenes,the exercise data from each station is transmitted to a central database,providing access to a wealth of information on individual progress and a unique set of motivational tools.The system can be accessed on the workout floor,staff station or on the web.It is imperative that the professionals and the organization implement evidence-based fitness to ensure the health and prosperity of their members,and secure their success in the industry.Fortunately,technology is keeping speed with the advances in healthcare and,in may scenarios,driving them.41.According to the text,the “evidence-base fitness” _________________.A.dispenses generalized exercise advice to millions of individuals.B.takes the best scientific evidence and applies it to individuals.C.takes individual clinical expertise and applies it to1large groups of people.D.depends on anecdotal information to establish exercise prescriptions for clients.42.All the following reasons drive the trend to use “evidence-base fitness”,except that_____________.A.hospitals are experiencing a decline in net revenue.B.evidence-based methods become popular in medicineC.fitness is a prosperous industry nowD.m ore and more hospitals are merged.43.Evidence-based fitness program requires that the professional __________.e a cookie cutter approach to clients’ health and fitnessB.formulate a generalized prescription for clients.C.make and individual evaluation of each clientD.apply up-to-date interventions44.The first step to build an evidence-based fitness program is _____________.A.to have access to member informationB.to create exercise prescriptionsC.to negotiate with health insurance companiesD. to invite some fitness professional45.What helps people take farewell to the typical exercise program?A.state and federal government1B.TechnologyC.ReimbursementD.Medical Fitness Association46.Which should be given priority in selecting software?nguage of the softwarepatibility with other programsC.Innovative solutions and ease of useD.Link with other software packages47.What’s the most efficient and accurate way to physiologically test the client?A.Getting their appropriate thresholdsB.Clients’wearing a heart rate monitor during workoutsC.Conducting a metabolic restD.Automatically uploading the heart rate monitor48.Which of the following is not allowed by artificial intelligence regarding evidence-based fitness programs?A.Coaching client individually through their workoutB.Tracking the workout sessionC.Transmitting exercise data to central database1D.P lanning implementation and measuring the effectiveness of the programs.49.An appropriately established database is accessible to ________________.A.PhysiciansB.Staff in fitness centersC.ResearchersD.All of the above50.What’s the author’s attitude towards the evidence-based fitness programs?A.PositiveB.NegativeC.IndifferentD.DoubtfulPassage 2Over the past century southern black has evolved from a relatively sparse body of writings,mainly imitative of Euro-American literary forms and thematically focused on the plight of blacks in the South,to a sophisticated literary canon whose forms and meanings coalesce to give it distinct identity.The making of classifications by literary historians can be somewhat risky1enterprise.When Black poets are discussed separately as a group,for instance,the extend to which their work reflects the development of poetry in general should not be forgotten,or a distortion of literary history may result.This caution is particularly relevant in an assessment of the differences between Black poets at the turn of the century(1900-1909) and those of the generation of the 1920’s.These differences include the bolder and more forthright speech of the later generation and its technical inventiveness.When poets of the 1910’s are considered together,however,the distinctions that literary historians might make between “conservative”and “experimental”would be of little significance in a discussion of Black poets,although these remain helpful classifications for White poets of these decades.Certainly differences can be noted between “conservative”Black poets such as Counter Cullen and Claude McKay and “experimental” ones such as Jean T oomer and Langston Hughes.But Black poets were not battling over old or new styles;rather ,one accomplished Black poet was ready to welcome another,whatever his or her style,for what mattered was racial pride.Southern black poetry was basically undistinguished before the 1920s.Slave poet George Moses Horton and abolitionist Frances Ellen Watkins Harper were the most prominent,southern black voices in antebellum poetry.Some poets,such as Horton ,Adopted standard Euro-American poetic techniques and seldom wrote about racial issues.Still others,like Harper,used these standard forms primarily to concentrate on issues germane o southern black life.Post-Civil War poets Albery A. Whitman,George M.McClellan, and joseph S.Cotter,Sr.,at times wrote killfully about racial and nonracial topics in conventional poetic forms.1However, in the 1920s Black poets did debate whether they should deal with specifically racial subjects, They asked whether they should only write about Black experience for a Black audience or whether such demands were restrictive. It may be said, though, that virtually all these poets wrote their best poems when they spoke out of racial feeling, race being, as James Weldon Johnson rightly put it, "perforce the thing the Negro poet knows best”.At the turn of the century. by contrast, most Black poets generally wrote in the conventional manner of the age and expressed noble, if vague, emotions in their poetry. These poets were not unusually gifted, though Roscoe Jamison and G M. McClellen may be mentioned as exceptions They chose not to write in dialect, which, as Sterling Brown has suggested, "meant a rejection of stereotypes of Negro life. "and they refused to write only about racial subjects. This refusal had both a positive and a negative consequence. As Brown observes, "Valuably insisting that Negro poets should not be confined to issues of race, these poets committed an error. they refused to look into their hearts and write. These are important insights, but one must stress that this refusal to look within was also typical of most White poets of the United States at the time. They, too. often turned from their own experience and consequently produced not very memorable poems about vague topics, such as the peace of nature.Between 1900 and the 1970s the novel has been the most widely read and critically acclaimed genre in southern black literature. The manner in which it has concerned itself with the past distinguished it from the general black American novel, the southern white novel, and the Anglo-American novel. The southern white novel has generally dealt with the1effects of a real or an imagined past on a present generation, with characters grappling to come to terms with that past Typically, the southern black novel made the physical and psychological landscapes of the past a ing part of the novel; it recreated. repopulated, and critically examined the past as physical setting. Surprisingly, though, southern blacks produced few novels that can be strictly defined as historical novels.As the southern black novel evolved, from the 1 9th into the 20th century, its use of narrative voice blended with other features of southern black narrative prose to produce a particularly(but not exclusively) southern point of view in the black novel. For more than a century southern blacks wrote numerous prose narratives, which in their variety conformed to the autobiographical mode. There have been the fugitive-slave narratives and the ex-slave narratives; the spiritual social, political, and personal autobiographies; the confessionals, exemplary lives, the diary-type and journal-type autobiographies; as well as the autobiographical novel. At times, real-life experiences and incidents were the backdrop for fictional characters; at other times real-life characters become the nucleus around which true-to-life(fictional)experiences and incidents are presented. Southern black prose writers were so attracted to the autobiographical mode that in numerous prose narratives they drew a very thin line between fiction and fact.In another genre, southerners were among the earliest (if not the first) black short-fiction writers in America. Until well past 1900 southern black short fiction in the main was thematically bout the slave experience and its aftermath and conformed largely to changes and developments in the short story as an American art form. William Wells Brown, Frederick Douglass, Frances W. Harper, and a few other southern blacks wrote various types1of short prose fiction during the 19th Near the turn of the century Charles Waddell Chesnutt elevated southern black short fiction to the level of literary art. Many of Chesnutt's stories incorporated characteristics of the American local color movement and, regionally, several were classified as plantation literature. The tales of white southerner Thomas Nelson Page and those of Chesnutt exemplified the essential differences between black writers and white writers in approaches to the plantation South. Through characterization, theme, and incident black writers of the South repudiated the romantic image of the plantation. Chesnutt's Uncle Julius, for instance, contradicted the white portrayal of the faithful black servant, epitomized by Page's Sam and Joel Chandler Harris's Uncle Remus. The idyllic portrait of plantation life created by white writers was in stark contrast to the image Chesnutt and other blacks showed of a system infested with greed, inhumanity, deception, and cruelty.Southern black writers also embellished conventional short-fiction forms by adding features that reflected black life in the South. One such feature was the double entendre, a characteristic of narrative expression rooted especially in the secular and sacred music of the black South. A part of the trickster motif, it helped shape not only characterization but also plot structure, language, and meaning in the different forms of southern black short fiction. Chesnutt's The Conjure Woman(1899)exemplified the black writer's skillful use of double entendre.The merits of southern black literature have been widely acclaimed nationally and internationally. Ellisons Invisible Man won a National Book Award: McPherson's collection of short fiction. Elbow Room, was awarded a Pulitzer Prize, as was Alice Walker's novel The1Color Purple(1982). The numerous awards, prizes, and distinctions accorded to works by blacks of southern origin throughout this century testify to the place they hold within the larger world ofAmerican literature51. According to the passage, most turn-of-the-century Black poets generally did which of the following?A. wrote in ways that did not challenge accepted literary practice.B. described scenes from their own livesC Interpreted the frustrations of Blacks to an audience of Whites.D aroused patriotic feelings by expressing devotions to the land.52. According to the passage, an issue facing Black poets in the 1920's was whether they shouldA. seek a consensus on new techniques of poetry.B. turn away from social questions to recollect the tranquility of natureC. withdraw their support from a repressive society.D. write exclusively about and for blacks53. It can be inferred from the passage that classifying a poet as either conservative or experimental would be of "little significance"(Para. 3) when discussing Black poets of the 1910s and the 1920,s becauseA. these poets wrote in very similar styles1。

武汉大学研究生英语期末考试选择题(附参考答案)

武汉大学研究生英语期末考试选择题(附参考答案)2022年挑选题21. We have a certain stereotypical ______ of a person from a culture and weinterpret his/her behaviour according to this preconception, whether or not the reason for the behaviour is what we think it.A. connotationB. preconceptionC. recuperationD. ambiguity22. Gap in educational investment across regions will ______ the nationaleconomic development as a whole.A. warrantB. rationC. thwartD. retard23. Opening the labor market might risk some increase in inequality in wages atleast in the short run, as the wages of skilled workers are ________.A. bid forB. bid onC. bid upD. bid to24. The market will goods that yield social benefits in excess of privatebenefits and will consequently produce too few of these goods.A. undervalueB. devalueC. underweightD. value25. You have taken a ______ hatred to Peter; and you are unreasonably angry withme because I won’t hate him.A. perseveringB. perverseC. perfectD. previous26. One of the conditions of ______ is that you must keep the land under cultivation.A. tenantB. terminalC. temperamentD. tenure27. Even the increase proposed will put pressure on Congress to hold down otherspending or dip into funds for Social Security.A. markedB. commissionedC. earmarkedD. commanded28. Unfortunately, what the farmers had gained in the autumn harvest was______by the heavy losses caused by a snowstorm in the winter.A. offsetB. optimizedC. subsidizedD. unleashed29. The Arabs, on the other hand, coming from a culture where much closerdistance is the norm, may be feeling that the Americans are being_______.A. friendlyB. warmC. standoffishD. selfish30. Most little children want a dog or a cat, and they continually______ theirmothers and fathers until they get one. It is only when the sweet little thing has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on “Tom” or “B ill”.A. peterB. pesterC. worryD. whine31. As television, and to an extent the internet have _____further through oursociety, the effects are perhaps more significant than even we realize.A. perpetuatedB. persecutedC. persistedD. permeated32. “John has no______. So when his parents passed away, he inherited everythingfrom the family---properties, bank savings, stocks and a big house. He’s reallyliving on easy street.” A. siblings B. soberings C. sibilantsD. stillbirths33. Great efforts have been made to coordinate unemployment______ andeconomic development throughout the country.A. aggravationB. exaggerationC. eliminationD. alleviation34. Upon this, Jones began to beg earnestly to be let into this secret, and faithfully promised not to ______ it.A. divulgeB. dispenseC. dissolveD. disperse35. In Sudan, deforestation in the last decade led to a quadrupling of the timewomen spent gathering fuel wood. This stimulated efforts to promote _______ .A. deforestationB. afforestationC. forestsD. forestry36. In Egypt, I saw the pyramids and the damaged face of the Sphinx, smiling a(an)_______ smile. An amazing journey!A. incuriousB. sweetC. incredulousD. inscrutable37. There was so much pain there, _______ caused by both sides over the years. Ididn’t want to hurt them, nor they me, but the harm had done and it wasirreversible.A. invisiblyB. inappreciablyC. inadvertentlyD.inadequately38. Nobody will support such a government that ______ on the rights of individuals.A. encroachesB. invadesC. involvesD. interrupts39. The development of national ______ will be sped up if its officials at all levelsbecome more conscious of its significance in economic growth.A. substructureB. portfolioC. infrastructureD. asset40. With the rapid development of modern society, the ______ of the ancientcivilization in the town is being erased step by step.A. prestigeB. vestigeC. fameD. symptom41. The ______ of “white” in Ch inese includes something unhappy. At funerals,Chinese pay respect to the dead and express their sorrow by wearing white.In the West, however, white is the traditional color for the bride at weddings, and to wear white at funerals would be offensive.A. configurationB. conjunctionC. connotationD. connection42. When people can’t explain a new phenomenon using their knowledge, theywill firstly try to understand the new phenomenon using the logic reference of______.A. comparisonB. analysisC. counterpartD. analogy43. He has more endurance; he can swim longer and ______ a canoe better than any of his people.A. conquerB. dominateC. steerD. lead44.There’s this new girl coming to my school, and I like her a lot. I want to _____our friendship before I start a serious relationship.A. cementB. limeC. clayD. concrete45._______implies an active choice to cling to something, not passively beingcarried along out of inability to imagine anything else.A. TenancyB. TenacityC. TendencyD. TensionKey：21-30 B D C A B D C A C B31-45 D A D A B D C A C B C D C A B2022挑选题21. Cash flows should be managed to ________ the return from cash received and to minimize the cost of finance on conditions for its own uses.A. chooseB. spendC. expandD. optimize22. Teachers? unions attacked the plans as ________ the skills and work of early yea r teachers, and creating a two-tier profession.A. praisingB. promotingC. undervaluingD. developing23. The government could then instruct all banks not to push companies into default and not to dispose of any ________.A. collateralB. corporationC. debtD. exchange24. Fourthly, a successful terminal at Stratford would inevitably and inexorably __ ______ on the Lea Valley regional park and reduce leisure facilities.A. increaseB. encroachC. stepD. ride25. The evening air had its accustomed November nip, but the groups making the ir way from Celtic Crescent were ________ to it.A. ignorantB. imperviousC. resentedD. responsive26. As far as I am concerned, it is the only body that represents the prison officer s, who work under great ________.A. pressB. backfireC. duressD. screen21. Cash flows should be managed to ________ the return from cash received and to minimize the cost of finance on conditions for its own uses.A. chooseB. spendC. expandD. optimize22. Teachers? unions attacked the plans as ________ the skills and work of early yea r teachers, and creating a two-tier profession.A. praisingB. promotingC. undervaluingD. developing23. The government could then instruct all banks not to push companies into def ault and not to dispose of any ________.A. collateralB. corporationC. debtD. exchange24. Fourthly, a successful terminal at Stratford would inevitably and inexorably __ ______ on the Lea Valley regional park and reduce leisure facilities.A. increaseB. encroachC. stepD. ride25. The evening air had its accustomed November nip, but the groups making the ir way from Celtic Crescent were ________ to it.A. ignorantB. imperviousC. resentedD. responsive26. As far as I am concerned, it is the only body that represents the prison officer s, who work under great ________.A. pressB. backfireC. duressD. screen27. Margate is sure that the scientific and technological ________ that has been dev eloped is real and extremely valuable.A. synergyB. formationC. energyD. match28. They suggest therefore that greater emphasis be given to housing ________ in evaluating relative deprivation.A. terminationB. removalC. provisionD. tenure29. Are you sure that my staying here won?t be an/a ________ into your domestic af fairs?A. intentionB. troubleC. threatD. intrusion30. She remained there until last night when an ambulance took her to ________ wi th a family in nearby Newton.A. discoverB. revitalizeC. recuperateD. reformulate31. Sunlight streamed into the church and through the stained glass windows, and a smell of grass and flowers ________ the air.A. flowedB. permeatedC. penetratedD. indulged32. Loss of license contact is a real ________ to potential traders in smuggled cigare ttes.A. deterrentB. detailC. detainD. determine33. As these problems multiply and ________ resources, the range of options availa ble to the organization increasingly narrows.A. depleteB. decreaseC. lessenD. formulate34. For years, frequent flooding eventually ________ all traces of the community tha t used to live there.A. killedB. releasedC. obliteratedD. measured35. Even the increase proposed will put pressure on Congress to hold down other spending or dip into funds ________ for Social Security.A. remarkedB. earmarkedC. reboundD. reduced36. Members of extreme right wing parties are completely opposed to the ________ of blacks into white South African society.A. combinationB. formulationC. integrationD. segregation37. Nevertheless, to conceive of parents as utterly static in the child?s psychologic al life is likely to become the ________ of the picture grossly.A. distortionB. reflectionC. representationD. confusion38. Clinton also asked Glickman to report back within 30 days with recommendat ions to help the ________ of debt problems afflicting cattle producers.A. involvementB. releaseC. alleviationD. reflection39. The Piscataway school district in New Jersey had to dismiss one high school business teacher because of budgetary _______ both by the government and local a uthorities.A. inflationB. provisionC. concentrationD. constraints40. By setting up such a system yourself, you are potentially________ any security s ystems your company has in place.A. providingB. alleviatingC. promotingD. circumventing41. The policy by EU that imposes serious constraints on textileimports from Chi na will definitely the bilateral trade in other areas.A. widenB. thwartC. recoverD. complete42. Friction between the generations is ________ when younger staff grasp the new idea and their creativity is suddenly released.A. widenedB. exacerbatedC. recoveredD. competitive43. Many Americans who are learning Chinese think that the term “Lao Wai” is so mehow an insult, and in fact the term “Lao Wai”doesn?t have a negative _______ in Chinese.A. positionB. intentionC. extensionD. connotation44. Henry Kissinger was also ________ and frustrated by the让知识带有温度。

资料：卷武汉大学研究生英语考试

English Examination for Graduates (paper A)(January 10th, 2008)I.Listening Comprehension (20%)Part ADirections: In this part, you are going to listen to an interview. At the end of the interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the 4 choices and decide which one would be the best answer to the question. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. A. Because women are invisible in the saying.B. Because “men” refers to females.C. Because “men” refers to human beings.D. Because “men” refers to males.2. A. Because they try to be equal to men.B. Because they try to catch up with trends.C. Because they try to conceal their privacy.D. Because they try to show their characters.3. A. Women are too unrealistic. B. Women are sentimental.C. Women are too instinct.D. Women are second-class citizens.4. A. Women look down upon men.B. Women enjoy making jokes on men.C. Women have succeeded in their jobs.D. Women can be presidents of a country.5. A. Men refuse to admit women’s achievements.B. Men care less about women’s abilities.C. Men are not more peace-loving than women.D. Men are out of control in international negotiations.Part BDirections: In this part, you are going to listen to three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be read only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.6. A. People speaking English. B. Americans.C. People not speaking English.D. All of the above.7. A. Because it has a fast pace and rhythmic beats.B. Because its lyrics are in English.C. Because it has simple themes.D. Because it depicts the feelings of the common people.8. A. The blues is popular with only black Americans.B. Popular music is the most important export of America.C. People enjoy country music because it expresses their happy feeling.D. The blues is usually played by black musicians9. A. Country music was influenced by the blues and rock music.B. Rock music was influenced by the blues and country music.C. The blues was influenced by country music and rock music.D. None of the three forms was influenced by any others.10. A. People in other parts of the world can sometimes hear American popular songs in their ownlanguages.B. Not all the songs are popular all over the world.C. People in other parts of the world can sometimes hear American popular songs in English.D. The words of the songs differ, and so does the enjoyment of the music.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.11. A. Crying one’s goods in the street. B. Wall signs.C. Signs with pictures.D. Wall paintings.12. A. Signs with pictures. B. Tools over doors.C. Wall paintings.D. Symbols.13. A. Because they are most recently developed.B. Because they can be understood by those who can neither read nor write.C. Because they are cheap and fast.D. Because they can be heard everywhere in a country.14.A. Only some large companies can afford radio commercials.B. The ads called car cards are almost part of our life.C. Outdoor advertisements make up a small proportion of modern advertising.D. Ads printed in newspapers are one of the most popular forms of advertising.15. A. Modern advertising. B. Significance of advertising.C. Development of advertising.D. Origin of advertising.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.16. A. Madison Drive. B. The National Gallery.C. Capitol Building.D. The Washington Monument.17. A. In 1812; in 1814. B. In 1884; in 1790.C. In 1800; in 1812.D. In 1790; in 1880.18. A. Take the elevator up to the top.B. See a piece of rock from the moon.C. Get to the observation level.D. Take pictures from high up.19. A. Madison Drive is a street. B. The Mall is a park.C. The National Air & Space Museum has exhibits on aviation history.D. The tourists have just visited Capitol Hill.20. A. Capitol Hill – the Washington Monument – the White House.B. The Washington Monument - Capitol Hill – the White House.C. The Capitol Building - the National Gallery-the Washington Monument.D. The Washington Monument – the Mall - the National Air & Space Museum.II. Vocabulary (25%)Directions: There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.21. If allowed to proceed unchecked, the problem will undoubtedly _____ global warming andthreaten life as we know it today.A. exacerbateB. relieveC. preserveD. retain22. It is reported that many multi-national corporations have set up foreign subsidiaries to _____the import tariff.A. excludeB. suspendC. circumventD. screen23. In any of the burial-places of this city through which I pass, is there a sleeper more_____ thanits busy inhabitants are, in their innermost personality, to me or than I am to them.A. gluttonousB. inscrutableC. committedD. preferential24. In addition, the Chinese government will _____ US$2 million for the launch of the "APECFinance and Development Project" in Shanghai, a project designed to train more financial professionals and enhance APEC members' capacity for a sustainable economic growth.A. saveB. earmarkC. promoteD. entail25. It protects you from destructive controversies. Consider how often people of prominence arelaid low by revelations of ______ .A. improprietyB. ritualC. informalityD. propriety26. The state expands facilities for rest and ______ of working people, and prescribes workinghours and vacations for workers and staff.A. connotationB. habitationC. recuperationD.illumination27. Through understanding from the point of view of another culture, you can make your ownjudgment about that culture with as little cultural ______ as possible.A. preferenceB. ambiguityC. preconceptionD. tendency28. P ersistent efforts were made to coordinate poverty ______ programs of the country's easternand western regions.A. alleviationB. aggravationC. inflectionD. exacerbation29. China's limited nuclear counterattack ability is entirely for ______ against possible nuclearattacks by other countries.A. interferenceB. interventionC. detachmentD. deterrence30.There are occasions in the city as elsewhere, when ingenuous questions out of the mouths ofbabies and sucklings can ______ the experts.A. confoundB. retardC. pleaseD. detain31. In ideology and culture, the Taiwan authorities have endeavored to _____ the Chineseawareness of Taiwan compatriots, especially young people, and their identification with themotherland.A. permeateB. encroachC. obliterateD. enforce32. Jewelry would surely be nice, but what can I afford that would not soon _____or growquickly out of style?A. tarnishB. blackenC. blurD. defame33. Please accept my heartfelt _____ on president’s untimely demise and please convey ourprofound sympathy to the bereaved family.A. cognition.B. collectionC. appreciationD. condolence34. He gets some kind of ______ satisfaction from embarrassing people.A. impoliteB. delectableC. perverseD. obedient35. Jennie carried on reading, _______ to the row going on around her.A. infectiousB. imperviousC. affectedD. influenced36. When people can't explain a new phenomenon using their knowledge, they will firstly try tounderstand it using ______.A. intrusionB. refreshmentC. counterpartD. analogy37. If you mess up, it's not your parents' fault, so don't ______about your mistakes. Learn fromthem.A. wonderB. divulgeC. whineD. pester38. The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually _______ it in a profitabledirection.A. adaptB. controlC. installD. steer39. The Arabs, on the other hand, coming from a culture where much closer distance is the norm,may be feeling that the Americans are being _______.A. friendlyB. warmC. standoffishD. selfish40. Strengthening regional economic cooperation is a top priority for many Asian countries. Andnow, Asian countries are making efforts to promote regional________, and in turn realize common prosperity.A. integrationB. diversityC. competitionD. integrity41. We grow up in our own culture and we naturally learn to view the world as our own cultureviews it, thus we may judge everything __________.A. ethicallyB. eternallyC. ethnocentricallyD. ethnologically42. But the fundamental task and the basic content of our political work remain unaltered. And thefine traditions we wish to _______ are also the same.A. perpetuateB. carryC. persecuteD. use43. This indicates a much sharper _______ between the top and bottom than existed two decadesago.A. referenceB. disparityC. counterpartD. balance44. While most of today's youth-targeted movies _______bombardments of visual effects andpop-culture distractions, director Garry Marshall spins this yarn with a quiet dignity that Genovia's staid queen would applaud.A. unleashB. vanquishC. remitD. encroach45. We should _______ our import mix and deepen the reform of the foreign trade system.A. strengthenB. optimizeC. depreciateD. maximizeIII. Reading Comprehension (20%)Read the following passages and choose the best answer to each question.Passage 1What does it take to succeed in American business? Opinions vary widely．Given approximately equal qualifications and circumstances, some claim the success factor is largely a matter of luck－being in the right place at the right time．Others speak of utter devotion to work，combined with a degree of ruthlessness. Far-out theories abound. One “expert” maintains that it's undoubtedly a matter of how much education your mother had．To get a better perspective on who makes it to the top－and why－I interviewed four men who should know－management consultants and executive recruiters for some of the biggest corporations in the country．Here are their informed opinions.Thomas A. Buffum，head of the executive recruiting firm of Thomas A. Buffum Associates in Boston said：“We hear about new technology making engineers obsolete．In the same way，new methods of management can make executives obsolete. The men who rise the highest and stay there are those who never stop growing and learning. These flexible fellows seldom stall on the corporate ladder or get shaken off.“A key test of this flexibility comes at the time of a merger or acquisition．Can you adapt to the new management framework－do things‘their way?’Or are you so used to your old methods that you'll resent any changes?“The men who can truly answer‘yes’to the first question and‘no’to the second are the ones who never find themselves‘between jobs．’”Charles Ferguson，another consultant，agrees：“How to cope with change－that's the key to success or failure for many businessmen．“Change comes in several forms．One is the constant flux of the job itself, because of shifting conditions in the company and the industry．The late 1960's offered case after agonizing case of brash young go-go entrepreneurs who put together glittering conglomerates that they had no idea how to manage．Once the requirements of the job changed from pyramiding to mature management of an existing entity, they could cope no longer．A different set of skills was needed.“Executives must be able to handle change in broad segments of industry，society, and government．But perhaps the change that's most challenging of all is that within themselves. Many things cause ‘executive metamorphosis’－family or financial change，declining health，age，‘burnout’from overwork, perhaps even a certain complacency at having attained many of life's goals. But the executive who realizes he's changing is the one who will be able to handle it．”William B．Beeson，manager of executive recruitment for Lawrence-Leiter ＆Company in Kansas City，looked at it another way：“It has been said of everyone from Robert McNamara. to Edward Carlson（the president of an airline）that their rise to the top of their companies came largely because they were in the right place at the right time. There may be some truth in that，but the question is why they were in the right place. I think their own career decisions must have had a lot to do with it．"Have you ever drawn up an honest balance sheet on yourself －really put down what you're good at on one side, and what you're not so good at on the other? It isn't easy. Those weaknesses are hard to admit. But if you'll make this painful self-analysis at least once every six months，you'll be in a better position to focus your energies toward the kind of position that will make yousuccessful－and happy．”To make it big，executives must possess four basic skills：“First, drive．Business success takes an unusual amount of energy. A successful executive －almost by definition－is a striver．According to one industry psychologist，86.5 percent of top managers have a higher activity level than the average middle manager. Top men get tense when they're not striving.”"Second，people sense. Some say being able to judge people is more important than a high IQ. The skill can be instinctual，but in most cases it's painstakingly learned．”"Third, communication ability. An executive gets things done through other people．That means his communications must come through loud and clear. Different executives make themselves understood in different ways．Some transmit ideas best face to face；others are masters of the telephone call；still others are persuasive writers. One way or another, they all communicate clearly.”“Fourth, calm under pressure; or as Hemingway put it, ‘grace under pressure.’No businessman will get very far if he chokes up.”"An example: One unusually able vice-president blew a chance for the presidency because he froze while making an important product presentation to the chairman. The company had invested hundreds of thousands of dollars in research and development，and tooling up for production would take millions. With so much at stake, the chairman had a great many hard questions. Despite thorough knowledge of the subject，the vice-president became just a little unsure under questioning．A few months later, when the president's job became vacant，someone else was chosen to fill it．”And finally, John W．Silver，an executive recruiter in Milwaukee，puts it on a more basic level. "What it takes is guts，”he says．"And，most of all，guts in dealing with subordinates．Time after time，our executive search people have been told，‘We realized long ago that Phil had to be replaced，but we didn't want to hurt his feeling .’ Or,‘We just couldn't bring ourselves to do it.’"The executive who is marked for success sets high standards for himself---and also for other people．If someone doesn't measure up after a proper trial period, he replaces him."It was said of one successful executive，‘He can't tolerate people who don't pull their weight. His philosophy is that he doesn't care who your friends are一can you produce?` That's not bad．If you insist on top performance from your subordinates, they'll insist on top performance from their subordinates，and so on down the table of organization. That's the kind of attitude an executive had better have－if he plans to survive.”46. From the first two paragraphs we can see that all the following statements aretrue except .A. people are divided as to what it takes to succeed in American businessB. the author seems to doubt the validity of the theory that the success factor lies in theeducational level of one’s motherC. it seems that the author respects the opinions of those he interviewedD. the author repudiates all the latest theories concerning who can make it to thetop47. To find out how to be successful in business, the author interviewed .A. government officialsB. successful businessmenC. management consultants and executive recruitersD. business executives48. According to Thomas Buffum，the most important factor in business success is .A. being authenticB. being ruthlessC. being adaptableD. being persistent49. Flexibility is most seriously tested when .A. your company has become a part of another companyB. the executive has made it to the topC. the administrator continues to climb up the corporate ladderD. the businessman has acquired a large property50. By “go-go entrepreneurs” Charles Ferguson refers to .A. aggressive businessmen who were born in the late 1960'sB. businessmen of the 1960's who put together large but unmanageable conglomeratesC. young yet mature businessmen who made it big in the 1960'sD. businessmen who joined together and then managed glittering conglomerates51. To achieve success，Charles Ferguson stresses the ability .A.. to make changes in job requirementsB. to change working conditionsC. to change oneselfD. to handle change52. According to William Beeson, those who rose to the top of their companies were people.A. who had a clear understanding of their strengths and weaknessesB. who were in the right place at the right timeC. who went after the desired positions with single-mindednessD. who were able to focus their energies toward their future jobs53. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by William Beeson as a basic skill successfulexecutives must possess?A. Ability to be active and hardworking．B. Ability to form correct opinions about others．C. Ability to speak several languages.D. Ability to remain cool-headed under pressure.54. In the opinion of John W．Silver，an executive needs courage in dealing with subordinates.This means the executive______________.A. must be considerate towards his subordinatesB. must act decisively when it becomes clear that a subordinate should be replacedC. must reward his subordinates generously in spite of oppositionD. must treat his subordinates as equals55. Most of the authorities interviewed seem to agree on one point, namely, an executive_______.A. must be an expert in some branch of knowledgeB. must be persuasive and sympatheticC. must be ruthless and tolerant at onceD. must be able to grow in his job and expand his abilitiesPassage 2The Food and Drug Administration announced tough new regulations Friday for use of the acne drug Accutane. Officials of the agency said they hoped that the rules would reduce the hundreds of miscarriages, birth defects and abortions associated with the drug each year. The regulations, which apply to generic versions of Accutane as well, require doctors and patients to register in an electronic database before it can be dispensed. Female patients of childbearing age must take two pregnancy tests and use two forms of birth control to get the drug. And doctors and pharmacists must confirm that the requirements have been met.The new program is the latest and by far the most drastic of more than 40 efforts by the agency in the last 22 years to reduce harm from Accutane, an oral medicine made by Roche Holding, while allowing its continued use. Dr. Nancy Green, medical director for the March of Dimes, cheered the announcement. “If it doesn’t work,”Dr. Green said, “we will call for the F.D.A. to take this drug off the market.”A Roche spokeswoman, Shelley Rosenstock, said the company also welcomed the rules. “Roche continues to support, to the extent possible, efforts to reduce fetal exposures” to Accutane, Ms. Rosentstock said.Health officials say the new plan is the latest sign the F. D. A. is losing faith that the nation’s doctors and pharmacists can adequately safeguard the health of patients. Before 1998, the agency largely confined itself to advising physicians and pharmacists about how to prescribe and dispense safely any drugs with potentially dangerous adverse effects, and trusted that its advice would be followed. But experts say time after time over the last decade, medical professionals have ignored the advice, providing drugs to patients at the risk of severe complications. In some cases, the agency has asked that a drug be withdrawn because physicians and pharmacists proved unwilling to control its use. But such withdrawals have left stranded thousands of patients who contend that they need those drugs to lead normal lives.So instead, the agency has begun fashioning restricted distribution programs, like the one it announced on Friday, to ensure that health professionals follow its guidelines. Among the first was a program created in 1998 to ensure that thalidomide, infamous for causing thousands of birth defects in European babies during the 1960’s, could be safely used as a leprosy drug. More such programs have followed, including one for the abortion drug Mifeprex. Dr. Sidney Wolfe, director of Public Citizen’s Health Research Group, a consumer advocacy organization, said the F. D. A. was recognizing that patients needed protection from irresponsible physicians and pharmacists. Dr. Wolfe added that drug companies were largely to blame, though, saying their huge marketing efforts often encouraged doctors to prescribe drugs excessively.But Dr. Mark Naylor, an Oklahoma dermatologist, said with regret that many doctors would stop prescribing Accutane because of the F. D. A.’s new restrictions. While it is unfortunate that some doctors may have failed to follow earlier voluntary guidelines on Accutane, Dr. Naylor said, “it’s up to physicians and patients to decide how the drug gets used, not the F. D. A.” The drug agency approved Accutane in 1982 for patients suffering from severe, disfiguring acne. There are about 6000 patients with this severe condition in the United States, most of them men. For such patients, the drug has provided a nearly miraculous cure. By 2002, the last year before generic versions of the medicine entered the market, sales of Accutane in the United States had risen to $380 million, with doctors writing 170,000 prescriptions a month, half of which went to women.Although animal studies had suggested that Accutane caused birth defects, the drug agencyinitially imposed few restrictions on its sale. When the first reported birth defect occurred in 1983, the agency responded by requiring pharmacists to affix red warning stickers to every bottle of Accutane describing its effects on fetuses. More than 40 label or other regulatory changes followed, but birth defects only increased. The drug, reports suggest, may also cause some patients to become suicidal. In 2001, Roche and the F. D. A. announced a plan to cut fetal exposures of Accutane to zero. Patients were asked to sign a consent form describing Accutane’s risks. Doctors were asked to affix yellow stickers to their prescriptions to verify that female patients capable of bearing children had undergone two pregnancy tests and promised to use two forms of birth control.But the system was entirely voluntary, and it did nothing to reduce the number of pregnancies among women taking the drug. Some women never got pregnancy tests or, in a few cases, had positive pregnancy tests and still were given it. From 2001 to 2003, the agency receive reports of 325 pregnancies among women taking it, and agency officials say such a number is probably only a fraction of the real total, because most miscarriages and abortions are most likely not reported to them.In February 2004, an advisory committee recommended that many aspects of the program to control Accutane’s risks become mandatory. With its announcement Friday, the F. D. A. has followed that advice. The new plan, called ipledge, is expected to become fully operational by the end of the year. The program will apply to men as well as to women, in part because of the reports of Accutane’s psychiatric effects but also because it seeks to bar male patients’ sharing the drug with women not eligible to receive it. Under the program, doctors who wish to prescribe Accutane or its generic forms must first go to a Web site, list the patient’s name in the registry and, using an identification number for the patient, confirm in the case of women that two pregnancy tests have been performed. Patients, using the same identification code, must either call an 800 number or visit a Web site to receive education about the drug’s risks, and women must confirm that they are taking two forms of birth control. When the patient goes to a pharmacy, the pharmacist must check the Web site to make sure that both doctor and patient have complied. The pregnancy tests must have been taken within the previous seven days and been performed by a certified laboratory. Another pregnancy test will be required before the prescription is refilled.56. Which of the following about Accutane is NOT true according to the passage?A. It may cause birth problems.B.It is used to cure a disfiguring disease.C.It is harmful only to women.D.Women should be careful in taking it.57. Which of the following is a justified comment on the new program announced by thegovernment concerning Accutane ?A. The government will take the medicine off the market.B. The new program is bound to reduce harm from Accutane to zero.C. The new program is one of numerous efforts to lessen the harm by Accutane.D. The new program will eliminate the use of Accutane in patients.58. Which of the following is NOT true about the plan made by Roche and F. D. A. in 2001?A. The plan didn’t prevent doctors from prescribing Accutane to pregnant women.B. The plan was not tough enough.C. The plan asked women have pregnancy tests before taking Accutane.D. The plan was carried out successfully.59. What’s F. D. A.’s attitude towards doctors and pharmacists before 1998?A. The agency had virtually unquestioned faith in them before 1998.B. The agency held physicians and pharmacists in contempt before 1998.C. The agency regarded them virtually as authoritative advisors before 1998.D. In general, the agency underestimated their advice.60. What is the adverse effect of thalidomide?A. It may pose similar side effects to those of Accutane.B. It brings about premature birth.C. It is effective for leprosy patients when they are pregnant.D. Leprosy patients who take this medicine will not be able to get pregnant.61. Which of the following are medically the most eligible to take oral Accutane?A. Male patients with a light case of acneB. Female patients with severe acneC. Female patients with light acneD. Male patients with severe acne62. What is the first precaution by the agency against adverse effects of Accutane?A. It required manufacturers to print a red cross on every bottle of Accutane to keep peopleon alert.B. It required a yellow label be stuck to every bottle of Accutane to remind the patients of itsadverse effects.C. It required a red sticker be stuck to every bottle of Accutane as a reminder of its adverseeffects.D. It required no Accutane be dispensed by pharmacists.63. The following are the purposes of the new regulations announced by F. D. A. except .A. to reduce birth defectsB. to impose restrictions on drug companiesC. to reduce Accutane’s psychiatric effects on both men and womenD. to make sure doctors and pharmacists are responsible for patients64. The announcement of the new regulations suggests the following except .A. some medical professionals are not reliable expertsB. some doctors’ practice annoyed F. D. A. officialsC. doctors and pharmacists are driven by the profits of the drugsD. drug companies will not encourage doctors to prescribe Accutane excessively65. Which of the following cannot apply to both the 2001 plan and the new one?A. Patients are warned of the dangers before taking the drug.B. Doctors should confirm that female patients have had two pregnancy tests.C. Patients should follow the rules out of their own willD. Women should take two forms of birth control.IV. Translation 15%Part A: Translate the following sentences into English (7%)1. 失业下岗人数的不断增加使我们意识到掌握一些实用技术和基本技能是十分必要的。

武汉大学硕士英语试卷-带答案

武汉大学游记英文作文

武汉大学游记英文作文I finally made it to Wuhan University! The campus is huge and beautiful, with so many old buildings and lush greenery. I can't wait to explore every corner of it.The first thing that caught my eye was the stunning cherry blossom trees. They were in full bloom and the sight was absolutely breathtaking. I couldn't resist taking a million photos!I stumbled upon the library and was amazed by its grandeur. It's so quiet and peaceful inside, a perfect place to study or just relax with a good book.The food here is amazing! I tried some localspecialties like hot dry noodles and Re Gan Mian, and they were absolutely delicious. I can't wait to try more dishes during my stay.I joined a group of students playing traditionalChinese instruments in the park. It was such a unique experience and I even got to try playing the guzheng myself. It's much harder than it looks!I attended a lecture on Chinese history and was blown away by how much I learned. The professor was so passionate and knowledgeable, it was truly inspiring.I spent an entire afternoon wandering around the beautiful East Lake. The scenery was so peaceful and serene, I could have stayed there forever.I made some new friends from all over the world. It'sso interesting to hear about their cultures and experiences, and I'm grateful for the connections I've made here.I'm already dreading the day I have to leave this amazing place. I've had such an incredible time at Wuhan University and I know I'll cherish these memories forever.。

帮我写一篇英语作文关于研究生

帮我写一篇英语作文关于研究生Certainly! Here's a composition on the topic of graduate studies in American 英文版:The Pursuit of Higher Education: The Graduate ExperienceGraduate studies represent a significant milestone in the academic journey, offering a platform for deep intellectual exploration and professional specialization. The decision to pursue a master's or doctoral degree is often driven by a passion for a particular field, the desire to contribute to scholarly discourse, or the ambition to enhance one's career prospects.The Rigor of Graduate WorkThe intensity of graduate studies is unparalleled. The curriculum is designed to challenge students with advanced theoretical concepts and rigorous research methodologies. Seminars and workshops are common, where students are expected to engage in critical thinking and articulate complex ideas. The process is not merely about acquiring knowledge but also about questioning, analyzing, and synthesizing information to form original insights.Research and Original ContributionA pivotal aspect of graduate education is the originalresearch that culminates in a thesis or dissertation. This work is a testament to a student's ability to contribute new knowledge to their field. It requires a high level of independence, discipline, and creativity. The research process is often laborious and can be isolating, but it is also deeply rewarding as it pushes the boundaries of what is known.Networking and CollaborationGraduate school is not just about individual study; it's also a place where networking and collaboration flourish. Students have the opportunity to work closely with esteemed faculty members who are leaders in their respective fields. These relationships can lead to valuable mentorship and collaborative research projects. Additionally, the camaraderie among peers can lead to lifelong professional connections and friendships.Professional DevelopmentGraduate programs often provide resources for professional development, including workshops on academic writing, presentation skills, and career planning. These are crucial for students who aspire to enter academia or transition into industry roles post-graduation. The skills acquired during graduate studies are not just academic; they are also practical and applicable in the professional world.The Impact on Personal GrowthBeyond the academic and professional benefits, graduate studies can lead to significant personal growth. Students often find themselves stepping out of their comfort zones, managing multiple responsibilities, and navigating the complexities of higher education. The experience can be transformative, fostering resilience, critical thinking, and a deeper understanding of oneself.ConclusionThe journey through graduate studies is a demanding yet profoundly fulfilling one. It is a time of intense learning, personal challenge, and professional development. For those who are passionate about their field and committed to advancing their knowledge and skills, the rewards are well worth the effort. Graduate studies are not just the next step in education; they are a gateway to a lifetime of learning and leadership in one's chosen discipline.This composition provides a comprehensive overview of the graduate experience, touching on the academic rigor, research process, networking opportunities, professional development, and personal growth that come with pursuing an advanced degree.。

(完整版)武汉大学研究生英语期末考试口语话题及素材

Intercultural CommunicationIn recent years，it is widely acknowledged that intercultural communication has been becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. From my point of view, a number of factors could account for this trend.First and foremost， the development of transportation. Now jet planes fly everywhere. It used to take months to travel from Shanghai to Los Angeles, but now it takes only 12 hours。

It is now much easier for people to move from one country to another。

People of different countries and races get together much oftener than before.What’s more, the advancement of communication means。

Nowadays people get in touch with each other in various ways, through internet， telephone，mobile phone and so on。

These efficient means sharply promote intercultural communication to a large extent。

Besides, the ongoing of economic globalization. Since economic globalization lead to the production and market globalization, more and more multinational corporations now operate in quite a few countries。

武汉大学研究生英语考试题

IntroductionThe Wuhan University Graduate English Exam is an important part of the graduate school application process for students at Wuhan University. The exam is designed to evaluate the English language proficiency of students who wish to pursue graduate studies at the university. The exam consists of four parts: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, writing, and oral interview.Part I: Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section of the exam consists of multiple choice questions. Students are required to listen to a passage and then answer questions based on the information they have heard. The passages are typically about academic topics, and students are expected to have a good understanding of academic vocabulary and sentence structures.Part II: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section ofthe exam consists of multiple choice questions and short-answer questions. Students are required to read passages and then answer questions based on the information they have read. The passages are typically about academic topics, and students are expected to have a good understanding of academic vocabulary and sentence structures.Part III: WritingThe writing section of the exam is designed to evaluate students' ability to express their ideas clearly and effectivelyin English. Students are required to write on a given topic within a specific time limit. They are expected to structure their writing effectively, use appropriate vocabulary and grammar, and support their ideas with evidence and examples.Part IV: Oral InterviewThe oral interview section of the exam is designed to evaluate students' ability to communicate effectively in English. Students are required to answer questions posed by the interviewer within a specific time limit. They areexpected to speak clearly and coherently, use appropriate vocabulary and grammar, and demonstrate a good understanding of the topic under discussion.ConclusionThe Wuhan University Graduate English Exam is an important part of the graduate school application process for students at Wuhan University. Students who wish to pursue graduate studies at the university are expected to have a good command of English. The exam isdesigned to evaluate their English language proficiency in listening, reading, writing, and speaking. By preparing well for the exam, students can demonstrate their ability to succeed in a rigorous academic environment.。

武大---硕士英语----口语测试

Oral test for graduates of grade 2013(Based on the text book Graduate English Reading, 3Rs) Unit I1.The key to an effective and meaningful intercultural communication andessential factors that affect smooth communications between people from different cultures关键要有效和有意义的跨文化交际和基本因素影响不同文化的人们之间的通信畅通2. What are the stumbling blocks in intercultural communications? And which ones may be more troublesome in terms of interruptive effects caused to communication?什么是跨文化沟通的绊脚石？而哪些可能会更麻烦在干扰性影响而言引起的沟通？3. Which is more advantageous, the assumption of similarity or the assumption of differences? And good reasons you can tell?哪个更有利，相似的假设或不同的假设？和很好的理由，你可以告诉？Unit III4. My ideas about smooth integration in a stepfamily: strategies and approaches 我对顺利整合思路在再婚：策略和方法5. Crockpot cooking style, its essence and key differences from other poor cooking styles缸罐烹饪方式，其实质和其他贫困烹饪风格的关键区别6. Why are the mini-family activities so important to the smooth step-family integration?为什么小型的家庭活动的顺利步家庭融合如此重要？Unit IV7. The ways to optimize human capital investment in China该方法可以优化在中国的人力资本投资8. Human capital and physical capital, their common features, differences and relationships人力资本和物质资本，它们的共同特点，区别与联系9. Special significance of human capital to China from perspectives of Chinese unique position, development strategy and opportunities从中国的独特地位，发展战略和机会的观点人力资本对中国有着特殊的意义Unit V10. The significance of mainstreaming gender issues into environment protection 到环境保护的社会性别主流化问题的重要意义11. The challenges we face about environmental protection and ways to cope with them我们面临环保和方式的挑战，以应付他们12. Relationships among energy, environment and gender and the significance of understanding this relationship to the improvement of environment能源，环境和性别和理解这一关系到环境的改善意义之间的关系Unit VII13. What kind of personality does Emily have? And how does she develop such personality?不艾米莉有什么样的个性？和她怎么开发这种个性？14. Why does Emily choose to kill Homer, the only one she loves in this world? And what kind of sentiment and motivation is reflected from her abnormal behavior?为什么艾米莉选择杀荷马，唯一的一个，她在这个世界上爱？而什么样的情绪和动机是从她的异常行为反映出来？15. What is your interpretation to A Rose for Emily？What are the themes we can reasonably read out of the story?什么是你解释给爱米丽的玫瑰？什么是主题我们可以合理地读出的故事？Criteria by which a speaker is judged1)Pronunciation: correct and clear (2 points)2)Language Expression: grammatically and pragmatically appropriate (2points)3)Construction of Ideas: logical, systematic and meaningful (2 points)4)Proficiency: fluent and well-paced (2 points)5)Manner of speaking: natural and proper (2 points)It is highly recommended that the speaker use your own expressions to address the chosen topic. A great merit is attached to one who can express unique perspectives and draw on multiple sources for useful information available. And systematic organization and logical production of ideas are equally well appreciated.。

理想中的研究生生活英语作文

理想中的研究生生活英语作文As a graduate student, my ideal life revolves around pursuing knowledge, conducting meaningful research, and engaging in academic discussions with peers and professors. I envision spending long hours in the library, buried in books and articles that deepen my understanding of my field of study. I imagine participating in seminars and conferences where I can present my research findings and receive valuable feedback from experts in the field.Additionally, I see myself collaborating with fellow graduate students on research projects, sharing insights and ideas that push the boundaries of knowledge in our discipline.I envision forming strong relationships with my professors, who serve as mentors and guides in my academic journey. Iplan to seek their advice and guidance on navigating thechallenges of graduate school and developing my research interests.Moreover, I intend to balance my academic pursuits with self-care and personal growth. I envision taking breaks to exercise, meditate, or engage in hobbies that help me relax and recharge. I also see myself participating in campus events and extracurricular activities that broaden my horizons and foster connections with peers outside my department.Overall, my ideal graduate student life is characterized by a commitment to academic excellence, collaboration with peers and professors, and a dedication to personal well-being and growth. I look forward to immersing myself in the intellectual community of the university and contributing to the advancement of knowledge in my field of study.。

介绍一下武汉大学英语作文

介绍一下武汉大学英语作文Title: Exploring Wuhan University: A Blend of Academic Excellence and Cultural VibrancyNestled in the heart of the bustling city of Wuhan, Wuhan University stands as a beacon of academic excellence and cultural diversity. With its rich history, esteemed faculty, and vibrant student life, this institution has become a cornerstone of higher education in China and beyond.The university's history dates back to the early 20th century, when it was founded with the aim of nurturing a new generation of leaders and thinkers. Over the decades,it has grown and evolved, attracting top scholars and researchers from around the world. Today, Wuhan University boasts a diverse array of academic departments and research centers, covering a wide range of disciplines from the humanities to the sciences.The campus itself is a picture of beauty and tranquility. Lush green lawns, ancient trees, and intricate architectural details create a serene atmosphere that isconducive to learning and discovery. The libraries, in particular, are repositories of knowledge, housing millions of books and journals that cater to the academic needs of students and faculty alike.But Wuhan University is not just about academics. It is also a vibrant cultural hub, where students from diverse backgrounds come together to share ideas, experiences, and traditions. The university hosts a range of cultural events and festivals, allowing students to explore and appreciate different cultures and perspectives.The student life at Wuhan University is also renowned for its diversity and dynamism. There are various clubs and societies catering to different interests and hobbies, from sports and music to arts and literature. These organizations provide students with opportunities to develop their skills, make new friends, and participate in meaningful activities.Moreover, Wuhan University is committed to community service and outreach. Students and faculty members actively engage in volunteer work, helping to improve the lives of those in the local community and beyond. This commitment tosocial responsibility reflects the university's belief in the power of education to transform lives and communities. In conclusion, Wuhan University is a unique institution that combines academic excellence with cultural vibrancy and community engagement. It is a place where students can pursue their passions, expand their horizons, and make lasting connections with people from around the world. Asit continues to grow and evolve, Wuhan University remains a beacon of hope and inspiration for future generations of scholars and leaders.。

心愿作文考上武汉大学英语

心愿作文考上武汉大学英语My Wish to Get into Wuhan University。

As a high school student, I have always dreamed of studying at Wuhan University, one of the most prestigious universities in China. In order to achieve this goal, I have worked hard and put in countless hours of studying. I believe that my passion, dedication, and hard work will help me achieve my dream of studying at Wuhan University.Firstly, I have always been passionate about learning and exploring new subjects. I have always been curious about the world around me, and I enjoy learning about different cultures, languages, and perspectives. This passion has driven me to pursue a rigorous academic curriculum in high school, taking advanced classes in a variety of subjects, including English, math, science, and social studies. I have also participated in extracurricular activities, such as debate club and volunteer work, to broaden my horizons and develop my skills.Secondly, I am dedicated to achieving my goals and overcoming challenges. I understand that getting into Wuhan University is not easy, and it will require a lot of hard work and perseverance. However, I am willing to put in the effort and make sacrifices to achieve my dream. I have already started preparing for the university entrance exam, studying diligently and seeking guidance from my teachers and mentors. I am also working on improving my English skills, as I know that fluency in English is essential for success in university and in the globalized world.Finally, I believe that my hard work and dedicationwill pay off, and I will be able to achieve my dream of studying at Wuhan University. I am confident in myabilities and my potential, and I know that I have what it takes to succeed. I am excited about the opportunities that studying at Wuhan University will provide, including access to top-notch professors, cutting-edge research, and a vibrant campus community. I am also looking forward to meeting new people, making friends, and learning from my peers.In conclusion, my wish to get into Wuhan University is a reflection of my passion, dedication, and hard work. I believe that with these qualities, I will be able to achieve my dream and make a positive impact on the world. I am grateful for the opportunities that I have had so far, and I am excited about what the future holds. I hope to be able to contribute to the Wuhan University community and to use my education to make a meaningful difference in the world.。

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武汉研究生旅行英语作文

武汉大学 硕士英语试卷-带答案

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资料：卷武汉大学研究生英语考试

武汉大学 硕士英语试卷-带答案

武汉大学游记英文作文

帮我写一篇英语作文关于研究生

(完整版)武汉大学研究生英语期末考试口语话题及素材

武汉大学研究生英语考试题

武大---硕士英语----口语测试

理想中的研究生生活英语作文

介绍一下武汉大学英语作文

心愿作文考上武汉大学英语

武汉大学硕士英语试卷-带答案

武汉大学硕士英语试卷-带答案