Environmental Pollution

2. Cause
Genetically engineered (GE) plants contain genes that come from bacteria, viruses, other plants or even animals. If these ‘foreign’ genes are then transferred into other organisms, this causes genetic pollution of the natural gene pool.
3. The Situations Genetic Pollution
may arise in
➢cross-breeding of GE crops with the wild varieties by cross pollination(授粉)
➢consumption of GE foods ➢improper disposal of unsuccessful GE crops
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CONENT:
Genetic pollution by ** Blood jeans by *** Garbage Siege by ** Conclusion by ***
Part 1: Genetic Pollution
— a multiplying nightmare
transgenic cotton transgenic soya transgenic papaya
transgenic rice
transgenic maize transgenic wheat
transgenic tomato transgenic strawberry transgenic pimiento
4. Potential Environmental Harm
➢loss of biodiversity:
Biodiversity is traditionally understood to be the basis of food security. The more genetic diversity there is within an agricultural system, the more that system is able to accommodate challenges from pests, disease or climatic conditions.
➢squandering of valuable pest susceptibility genes:
Non-toxic pesticides, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt 苏云金杆菌杀虫剂), are being genetically engineered into plants. Continuous exposure to these pesticides selects for the rare resistance genes in the pest population and in time will render the Bt pesticide useless to organic farmers.
1. Definition
Conservation biologists and conservationists have from long before been using the term to describe the undesirable gene flow from domestic, feral, non-native and invasive species into wild indigenous(当地固有的) species.
➢production of new toxins:
Many plants contain low level of toxic substances to help defend themselves from the predators(扑食者) in their environment. In some cases, addition of new genetic material could reactivate inactive pathways or otherwise increase the level of toxic substances.
➢ creation of new or worse viruses:
The virus-tolerant crops are produced by engineering components of viruses into the plant genomes. The plants producing viral components on their own are resistant to subsequent infection by those viruses, however, pose other risks of creating new or worse viruses.
➢ antibiotic (抗生素) resistance:
Almost all of commercial GE crops are bred using antibiotic resistance genes as a marker. At last, the antibiotic resistance can be passed on to livestock and humans.
5. Potential Human Health Hazards
➢new allergens(过敏原) in the food supply:
Genetic engineering routinely moves proteins into the food supply from organisms that have never been consumed as foods. Some of those proteins could be food allergens, since virtually all known food allergens are proteins.