高一动名词知识梳理
英语总结:高考复习之动名词用法小结
英语总结:高考复习之动名词用法小结动名词可以跟动词一样,拥有自己的宾语或者状语,也可以像名词那样,在句子中作主语、宾语等成分。
动名词的构成方式:v.+ -ing。
一、动名词的句法功能动名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语。
1.作主语用来表示一般性或经常性的意义,有时可与不定式互换。
如:Swimming with dolphins is one of the world s most profitable tourist activities.注意:单个的动名词或动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例1 (2011年高考新课标卷)Planning so far ahead no sense-so many things will have changed by next year.A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made解析:答案为C。
动名词(planning so far ahead)在句中作主语。
句意为:计划这么超前没有意义,到明年好多情况会发生变化的。
破折号前说的是现在的客观情况,应该用一般现在时,因此正确答案为C。
动名词短语作主语时,为了避免句子头重脚轻,保持句子平衡,习惯将动名词短语放在句尾,而用it作形式主语。
这样,句子结构一目了然,便于读者理解。
如:It s no good spending too much time chatting or playing online games.用于这种形式的表语常是一些特定的形容词或名词,如useful,good,nice,no use,no good,fun等。
2.作宾语动名词既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。
如:He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.The manager said he was looking forward to seeing all the newly-made plans carried out in time.注意:句中若出现宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语后置。
英语 高中 动名词知识点整理
后跟动名词和不定式意义不同的动词 remember/forget /regret to do doing 2) mean to do doing 3) try to do doing 4) stop to do doing 5) go on to do doing 6) love/like/hate/prefer to do doing
D. 动名词使用场合 1)常用动名词做宾语的动词有: 5个a: admit advise allow appreciate avoid 2个c: consider confess to 3im: imagine involve include; mind mention miss 4de: delay deny dislike detest; encourage endure enjoy ensure escape sxcuse 5个f: finish forbid forgive fancy feel like 5个p: permit practise put off postpone pardon 外加“一建议suggest,一 保持 keep ,禁不住 can’t help ,冒个险 risk , 忍不住 can’t resist,再放弃 give up; quit,有禁 必止 ban,理解万岁 understand。”
7) begin/start to do doing 8) can’t help ( to ) do doing 9) be used to do doing
动名词复合结构 1)作主语:有生命+’s doing 无生命+doing 。 somebody, nobody, none, anybody, anyone 不 加 2)作宾语:有生命可用宾格或所有格,无生命 用普通格;代词常用所有格。但 suggest/mind/imagine sb/sb’ doing 均可。
英语语法动名词用法归纳总结
英语语法动名词用法归纳总结动名词是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它由动词+ing构成,可以在句子中充当名词的作用。
在本文中,我们将对英语语法动名词的用法进行归纳总结。
一、动名词作主语1. 动名词作主语可以表示一种习惯、兴趣、爱好等:Walking is good exercise.Reading helps improve vocabulary.2. 动名词作主语还可以表示一种真理、常识或普遍现象:Smoking is harmful to health.Studying is essential for success.二、动名词作宾语1. 动名词作及物动词的宾语:I enjoy watching movies in my free time.She hates doing housework.2. 动名词作介词后的宾语:John is interested in playing basketball.They are good at solving problems.三、动名词作补语1. 动名词作某些动词的补语,表示动作的主体:He kept on talking about his vacation.She felt like dancing all night.2. 动名词作形容词的补语,表示状态或特征:I am tired of studying all day.She is afraid of speaking in public.四、动名词作定语动名词可以作为名词的定语,修饰后面的名词:I bought a running shoe.She is a swimming champion.五、动名词作宾语补足语某些动词后接动名词作宾语补足语,表示动作的完整:I heard him singing in the shower.They saw the girl dancing on the street.六、动名词与不定式的区别1. 动名词表示具体的、正在进行的动作,而不定式表示抽象的、一般性的动作:I enjoy swimming in the ocean. (具体的动作)I enjoy to swim. (不一定正在游泳,只是一般喜欢)2. 多数动词后接动名词作宾语,而很少接不定式作宾语。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词动词的不定式与动名词是英语中重要的语法知识点,具有广泛的用途。
在高中英语学习中,学生需要熟练掌握不定式和动名词的形式、用法以及常见的搭配。
本文将对动词的不定式与动名词的相关知识进行归纳总结,并给出一些常见的例句和实际运用场景。
一、动词的不定式不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常由“to + 动词原形”构成。
不定式在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常常位于句首,用来指代具体的行为、想法或概念。
例句:- To learn a foreign language is not easy.(学习一门外语并不容易。
)- To avoid traffic jam, we decided to take the subway.(为了避免交通堵塞,我们决定乘地铁。
)2. 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语时,常常跟在某些动词(如want, hope, plan, decide等)后面,表示将要发生的动作。
例句:- She wants to be a doctor in the future.(她将来想成为一名医生。
)- We have decided to visit the Great Wall next week.(我们决定下周去参观长城。
)3. 不定式作表语不定式作表语时,常常跟在be动词(如is, am, are, was, were等)后面,表示主语的身份、职业或角色。
例句:- His dream is to become a famous writer.(他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。
)- Their job is to teach English to international students.(他们的工作是教国际学生英语。
)4. 不定式作定语不定式作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用来修饰它们。
例句:- I have a book to read this weekend.(这个周末我有一本书要读。
《动名词》 知识清单
《动名词》知识清单一、什么是动名词动名词,简单来说,就是动词的一种特殊形式,它具有名词的特征,在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。
动名词的构成通常是在动词原形后面加上“ing”。
例如,“swim”(游泳)的动名词形式是“swimming”;“read”(阅读)的动名词形式是“reading”。
二、动名词的用法1、作主语动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:“Swimming is my favorite sport”(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)2、作宾语动名词可以作动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。
常见的接动名词作宾语的动词有:enjoy(喜欢),finish(完成),practise(练习),mind(介意),suggest(建议)等。
例如:“I enjoy reading books in my spare time”(我喜欢在业余时间读书。
)“Are you good at playing basketball?”(你擅长打篮球吗?)常见的接动名词作宾语的介词有:about(关于),for(为了),from(从),of(的),in(在方面)等。
例如:“He is thinking about going on a trip”(他正在考虑去旅行。
)3、作表语动名词作表语,说明主语的内容。
例如:“Her job is teaching English”(她的工作是教英语。
)4、作定语动名词作定语,通常表示所修饰名词的用途。
例如:“a swimming pool”(游泳池);“a reading room”(阅览室)三、动名词与现在分词的区别动名词和现在分词的形式都是“动词+ing”,但它们在用法和含义上有很大的区别。
1、动名词具有名词的特征,在句子中充当名词能充当的成分;而现在分词具有形容词或副词的特征,在句子中充当定语、状语、补语等成分。
例如:“The sleeping baby is so cute”(正在睡觉的宝宝很可爱。
英语语法动名词用法归纳总结
英语语法动名词用法归纳总结英语语法中,动名词(Gerund)是以动词-ing形式作为名词使用的一种形式。
在句子中,动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等,其使用非常广泛。
本文将总结和归纳英语语法中动名词的用法。
一、作主语动名词作主语时,它通常位于句首,并且动词后面要加不定式“to”。
例如:- Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)- To learn a new language takes time and effort.(学一门新语言需要时间和努力。
)二、作宾语动名词可以作为及物动词和不及物动词的宾语。
例如:- I enjoy swimming in the lake.(我喜欢在湖中游泳。
)- They suggested going to the park for a picnic.(他们建议去公园野餐。
)三、作表语动名词可以作主语的补语,表示主语的特征、状态或性质。
例如:- His favorite activity is reading books.(他最喜欢的活动是读书。
)- The most challenging part of learning English is speaking.(学英语最具挑战性的部分是口语。
)四、作定语动名词可以作为名词的限定语,修饰名词。
例如:- The running water is so refreshing.(流动的水非常清爽。
)- She bought a dancing dress for the party.(她为派对买了一件舞会礼服。
)五、作介词宾语动名词可以作介词的宾语。
例如:- He is good at playing the piano.(他擅长弹钢琴。
)- She apologized for arriving late.(她为迟到向别人道歉。
)六、作同位语动名词可以和名词构成同位语结构,起补充说明或解释的作用。
英语动名词知识点
英语动名词知识点
英语动名词(Gerunds)是指以-ing 结尾的名词形式,它的功能类似于名词,在句子中可以担任主语、宾语、表语等成分。
以下是英语动名词的一些知识点:
1. 动名词的构成:动名词通常由动词的-ing 形式构成,例如:swimming, playing, studying 等。
2. 动名词的用法:动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等。
例如:Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是很好的运动。
)I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书。
)
3. 动名词与不定式的区别:动名词和不定式都可以作为动词的名词形式,但它们在用法上有所不同。
动名词通常表示一种持续性的行为或习惯,而不定式则更倾向于表示一种意图或目的。
例如:I like swimming.(我喜欢游泳。
)I want to swim.(我想游泳。
)
4. 动名词的时态和语态变化:动名词本身没有时态和语态的变化,但它可以和助动词一起构成各种时态和语态。
例如:I was swimming.(我正在游泳。
)The book needs proofreading.(这本书需要校对。
)
5. 动名词的常用搭配:动名词可以与不同的介词、动词、形容词等组合使用,构成不同的搭配,例如:interested in, good at, tired of 等。
以上是英语动名词的一些基本知识点,希望对您有所帮助。
如果您还有其他问题,欢迎继续向我提问。
动名词的知识点总结
动名词的知识点总结动名词的形式是动词的-ing形式,例如:reading, writing, swimming等,可以作名词用,在句中可以作主语(如:Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟对健康有害)、宾语(如:I enjoy swimming on weekends. 我喜欢周末游泳)、还可以作定语(如:I saw a man reading a newspaper. 我看见一个正在读报纸的人)。
动名词还可以构成动名词短语,例如:I'm looking forward to meeting you.(我期待着见到你。
)使用:1. 作主语动名词作主语时,常用于表示喜好、习惯、能力等,例如:Smoking is bad for your health.(吸烟对健康有害。
)2. 作表语动名词作表语时,表示主语的行为特点、性质、状态,例如:His favorite pastime is reading.(他的业余爱好是读书。
)3. 作宾语动名词作宾语时,常与及物动词搭配使用,例如:I enjoy swimming on weekends.(我喜欢周末游泳。
)4. 作宾语补足语动名词作宾语补足语时,说明宾语所需要的动作,例如:She often keeps herself busy by singing.(她经常利用唱歌来使自己忙碌。
)5. 作定语动名词作定语时,修饰名词,说明名词的用途或动作的对象,例如:I saw a man reading a newspaper.(我看见一个正在读报纸的人。
)6. 动名词短语动名词短语是由动名词加上其前后的修饰成分构成的短语,可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语,例如:I'm looking forward to meeting you.(我期待着见到你。
)动名词的否定形式是在其前面加上not,或者在其后面加上not,例如:I don't like swimming.(我不喜欢游泳。
高中英语语法系列动名词讲义
动名词1 构成与特点动名词与现在分词同形,均由动词原形+ing构成。
动名词具有名词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
同时,动名词仍保留着动词的一些特征,可以带宾语和状语,并有完成式和被动语态。
1)动名词的否定式动名词的否定式由“not+动名词”构成。
He was criticized for not coming to class.他因没有来上课而受到批评。
She made her father angry by not taking his advice.她没有采纳她父亲的意见,使她父亲很生气。
He was scolded for not telling the truth.他因没说真话而挨了骂。
2)动名词的一般式动名词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,或在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或之前发生,有时则表示一般性动作。
He loves talking with people.他喜欢跟人聊天。
(一般性)He is proud of being rich.他以富有为荣。
(同时)She is looking forward to seeing you again.她盼望着再次见到你。
(之后) I am confident of winning the match.我有信心赢得这场比赛。
(之后) Thank you for giving me so much help.谢谢你给我这么大的帮助。
(之前)3)动名词的完成式动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
I'm not aware of having done wrong.我不知道自己做错了。
He denied having taken the money.他否认拿了钱。
He prided himself on having done good work.他以工作出色而感到自豪。
He was given a medal for having done excellent work.他因工作出色而获得了一枚奖章。
高中英语动名词
高中英语动名词动名词是英语语法中的一个重要部分,也是高中英语中的一个重要知识点。
动名词是一种非谓语动词,它不仅可以作为动词使用,还可以作为名词使用,具有动词和名词的双重特性。
形式上与现在分词相同,以动词的-ing形式出现。
语法功能上与名词相同,可以作为主语、宾语、表语等。
动词的特性保留,可以带宾语、表语、状语等。
作为主语:动名词可以作为主语,表示一个动作或行为。
例如:Reading books is my favorite hobby.(读书是我的爱好。
)作为宾语:动名词可以作为动词的宾语,表示一个动作或行为。
例如:I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书。
)作为表语:动名词可以作为表语,表示一个状态或性质。
例如:My hobby is reading books.(我的爱好是读书。
)作为状语:动名词可以作为状语,表示一个动作或行为的原因、目的、方式等。
例如:I went to the library to read books.(我去了图书馆读书。
)在高中英语中,动名词的使用非常普遍,尤其是在阅读、写作、听力等题型中。
因此,掌握好动名词的用法对于提高英语成绩非常重要。
在学习动名词时,需要注意以下几点:注意区分动词和动名词:动名词是以动词的形式出现,但它是名词的性质,因此需要注意区分动词和动名词,避免混淆。
注意动名词的语法功能:动名词具有名词的语法功能,可以作为主语、宾语、表语等,但是它也保留了动词的特性,可以带宾语、表语、状语等。
因此需要注意动名词的语法功能,正确使用。
注意动名词的时态和语态:动名词的时态和语态与动词相同,需要注意其变化规则和用法。
注意动名词的搭配:动名词可以与许多词搭配使用,如介词、副词、连词等,需要注意其搭配用法。
动名词是高中英语中的一个重要知识点,掌握好其用法对于提高英语成绩非常重要。
在学习动名词时,需要注意其形式、语法功能、时态和语态、搭配等方面的特点和使用规则,多加练习,不断提高自己的英语水平。
动名词知识点总结
动名词知识点总结动名词,在英语语法中属于一种非谓语动词形式。
它是由动词原形加上-ing构成的,具有动词和名词的双重特性,能够作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等,具有很强的语法灵活性。
在动名词的使用上,需要注意其句法功能、搭配和用法等方面的知识点。
1. 动名词的句法功能动名词可以作动词的宾语,例如:I enjoy reading.动名词可以作主语,例如:Swimming is good for health.动名词可以作表语,例如:Her hobby is dancing.动名词可以作宾语补足语,例如:I like to go swimming in summer.动名词可以作介词宾语,例如:He is good at playing basketball.2. 动名词的搭配动名词可以与不定式搭配使用,例如:I like reading and watching movies.动名词可以与名词搭配使用,例如:Her hobby is reading books.动名词可以与形容词搭配使用,例如:He is interested in playing football.动名词可以与副词搭配使用,例如:She talks about cooking delicious dishes.动名词可以与介词搭配使用,例如:They are good at playing volleyball.3. 动名词的用法动名词可以用于表示习惯性的行为或经常性的动作,例如:I enjoy swimming in the morning.动名词可以用于表示进行中的动作,例如:I am studying for the exam.动名词可以表示行为的结果或目的,例如:She is learning English to get a better job.动名词可以用于被动语态中,例如:The bike needs repairing.4. 动名词的注意事项动名词在使用时需要注意以下几个注意事项:不同动词后面跟的动名词形式可能不同,例如:enjoy doing, mind doing, avoid doing等。
高一英语语法·动名词
高一英语语法·动名词( The Gerund)I.II.1. 起名词的作用,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
2. 具有动词的特征,如有完成式和被动语态,可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动名词+宾语或状语构成动名词短语。
III. 动名词的用法1. 作主语1) 置于主语的位置Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language.2) 用it作形式主语,将动名词结构置于句末。
这种形式通常用于某些名词和形容词之后。
It is no good pretending to know what you don’t know.It’s no use / useless thinking about it now.It’s a waste of time talking with him.It is worth repairing the car.It is very difficult getting everything ready in time.It will be very nice seeing them again.[注意] important, necessary 等形容词不适用于上述结构。
It is important learning foreign languages. (×)It is important to learn foreign languages. (√)2. 作表语—表示主语的内容The real problem is knowing what to write.Your work is bringing the chairs downstairs.[注意]1) 动名词和不定式作表语和主语时的区别(1) 一般说来可以互换,其意义没有多大差别。
It is dangerous playing (to play) with fire.What she likes is watching (to watch) the children play.但有时意义上有区别:动名词:表示抽象的一般或泛指的动作。
(完整word)高中英语动名词知识点,推荐文档
The GerundSeeing (see) is believing.Having solved (solve) this difficult question made her very happy.Being invited (invite) to the party is a great honor.Having been defeated (defeat) by such a weak team made the players very upset.1. 定义:动名词是英语动词的一种非谓语形式。
动名词的构成:动词加上ing 构成。
顾名思义,动名词有双重功能。
它既有名词的特点---可作句子的主语,动词和介词的宾语;也有动词的特点---可以有自己的宾语和状语。
First, exchange a “Hello” or “Hi” with the foreigner, but at the same time, pay close attention and see if he feels like chatting.That’s the cue for you to stop moving on.Making small talk can be one of life’s pleasures.2. 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语。
1) 作主语①直接位于句首做主语。
. _____D_____ clean is a safeguard against disease.A. To be keepingB. KeptC. KeepD. Keeping读书是一种艺术。
Reading is an art.爬山是真有趣。
Climbing mountains is really fun.②动名词作主语,除了放在句首,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。
这种用法在习惯句型中常用。
英语中动名词的结构知识讲解
英语中动名词的结构知识讲解动名词(-ing)作为三种非谓语动词之一,动名词(-ing)的应用范围同不定式一样广泛,可以用于主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语。
动名词的结构:动名词(-ing)都是在动词原形后加ing构成的,少数词尾特殊的动词加ing时有点特别的变化:1)词尾:一般情况加法:直接加ing例词:work→working(工作)shout→shouting(呼喊)2)词尾:以不发音的e结尾加法:先去e,再加ing例词:bake→baking(烤)take→taking(拿)3)词尾:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节加法:先双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing例词:beg→begging(乞讨)forget→forgetting(忘记)以y结尾的动词不要改y为i,这与名词加s和动词加es的方法不同。
√study→studying×study→studiing个别例外的变形:√lie(说谎)→lying×lie→lieing动名词(-ing)与不定式一样,可以带宾语、宾补、状语和逻辑主语,组成下列常用结构:1.基本型:原形动词+ing,举例:studying2.带宾语:原形动词+ing+宾语,举例:studyingEnglish3.带宾补:原形动词+ing+宾语+宾补,举例:askingsb. to do4.带状语:原形动词+ing+状语,举例:working hard5.带逻辑主语:代词+原形动词+ing,举例:him/his smiling名词所有格+原形动词+ing,举例:Bill’s smiling6.否定式:not+原形动词+ing,举例:not smiling动名词的时态和语态形式:本文作者:丹丹英语(公众号:英语语法学习)。
高考英语动名词知识归纳
高考动名词知识归纳概述:由于动名词是由动词变化而来,它仍保留着动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形式,可以有自己的宾语或被状语修饰构成动名词短语,有时态、语态的变化。
用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。
动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
一、动名词的构成:动名词是在动词原形后加-ing构成,与现在分词的构成方式相同动名词的否定式:动名词的否定式是在doing前加上not 。
即not+V-ing二、动名词的作用动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
●作主语:Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。
Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。
It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。
It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。
It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。
There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。
动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况:1. 直接位于句首做主语。
例如:Swimming is a good sport in summer.2. 用it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。
动名词做主语时,不太常用it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。
高一英语非谓语动词—动词不定式及动名词知识精讲
高一英语非谓语动词—动词不定式与动名词【本讲主要内容】非谓语动词——动词不定式与动名词【知识总结归纳】非谓语动词包括动词不定式,动名词和分词.〔1〕非谓语动词不可以单独作谓语,在形式上不受人称和数的限制.〔2〕非谓语动词如果是与物动词, 应该带宾语.〔3〕非谓语动词可以有状语来修饰.〔4〕非谓语动词仍有时态和语态的变化.I.动词不定式: to + 动词原形动词不定式具有名词,形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可以作主语,表语,宾语,定语和状语。
1. 作主语:To talk with him is a great pleasure.动词不定式作主语时, 往往放在谓语动词的后面,用作形式主语.It is a great pleasure to talk with him.有很多形容词都可以放在这个句型中:difficult, easy, hard, impossible, dangerous, safe, expensive, cheap impossibleDo you think it is safe to drink this water?Your writing is awful. It is impossible to read it.I like being with Jill. It’s very interesting to talk to her.It is not difficult to learn a foreign language if you spend time and effort on it.在形容词kind, clever, silly, stupid, careless, unfair , considerate 等前应该用介词of.It’s silly of Mary to give up her job when she needs the money.I think it was very helpful of them to tell me the truth.2. 作表语:Her wish is to become a teacher when she grows up.Our plan is to finish the plan in two weeks.3. 作宾语:Do you like to watch football matches?We decided to make changes in our plan.常见的后面跟不定式作宾语的动词有:offer, decide, agree, plan, hope, learn, forget, fail, attempt, promise, arrange, afford, manage等.How old were you when you learn to drive?We decided not to go out because of the bad weather.I promised not to be late.有些形容词后面也可以接动词不定式ready, eager, anxious, able, sure, glad, sorry, afraid, free, pleased, willingThe boys and girls are eager to learn to swim.I’m sorry to trouble you.He is willing to help the people in need.有些动词后可以用疑问词+ 不定式的结构ask, decide, know, remember, forget , explain ,learn, wonderWe asked how to get to the airport?Have you decided where to go for your holidays?Do you understand what to do?4. 作宾补:可以带宾补的动词有:ask, order, persuade, advise, like, want, tell, know, helpwarn, invite, persuade, get, expect, would like, would loveThe doctor advised him to have a good rest.I didn’t move the piano by myself. I got somebody to help me.I was warned not to touch the switch.My father allowed me to use his car.在某些与物动词的复合宾语中, 动词不定式要省掉to, 常见的省to的动词有:make, let, have, see, watch, hear, feel , help等I heard him speak in the next room.Liz suddenly felt something touch her on the shoulder.I saw him fall off the wall.Did anybody see the accident happen?The ending of the story made me feel sad.5. 作定语:动词不定式作定语时须放在被修饰的名词或代词之后.He is always the first one to get up.I have a few words to say on this question.Attention, please! I have something important to say.6. 作状语:不定式作状语通常表示目的或结果---- Why did you go out?---- To post a letter.A friend of mine phoned to invite me to a party.A few years later he came home to find that his hometown had greatly changed.I went to see him only to find him out.II. 动名词由动词原形+ 词尾ing 构成.动名词有名词的特征, 在句中可以作主语, 宾语,表语等.1. 作主语:Getting up early is a good habit.Seeing is believing.Reading aloud is very important in learning English.It’s no use trying to persuade me.There’s nothing you can do about the situation, so it’s no good worrying ab out it.2. 作表语:Her job is looking after the babies.His hobby is collecting stamps.3. 作宾语:常跟动名词作宾语的动词:stop, delay, consider, admit, miss, finish, postpone, imagine, avoid, risk practiseSuddenly everybody stopped talking. There was silentce.I’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished cleaning the flat.He tried to avoid answering my question.Have you ever considered going to live in another country.一些短语后面也用动名词做宾语:give up, put off, carry on, go on, keep onHe has given up smokingWe must do something. We can’t go on living like that.Don’t keep interrupting me while I’m speaking.介词后接动名词作宾语:before, after, be interested in, be good at, how about, instead of, in spite of, without, be used to, look forward to, have difficulty in, succe ed in, insist on, think of, feel like, stop… from, Are you interested in working for us?I’m not very good at learning languages.Carol went to work in spite of feeling ill.I bought a new bicycle instead of going away on holiday.What did you do after leaving school?I ran ten kilometers without stopping.Do you feel like going out tonight?The police stopped everyone from leaving the building.【高考点拨】【题型展示】〔〕 1. The patient was warned _____ oily food after the operation.A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating此题应选C, warn sb. not to do sth. 意思是警告某人不要做某事.〔〕 2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , __________ it more difficult .A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make此题应选B, 动词不定式在这里是作表语的.〔〕 3. Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying此题应选A, sb. be said to be, 意思是据说, 在这里用不定式的完成时, 指的是发生在过去的事.〔〕 4. I’ve worked with children before , so I know what ______ in my new job.A. expectedB. to expectC. to be expectingD. expects此题应选B, know 后面接动词不定式,不定式前面可以带一个疑问词.〔〕 5. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out此题应选C, plan 为定语从句的先行词, 后面为它的定语从句. 在从句中, 短语see sth. done 意思是“看见…被….〞〔〕 6. I usually go there by train.--- Why ______ going there by boat for a change?A.don’t tryB. not tryC. not to tryD. not trying此题应选B, why not do sth. 为一个词组, 表示一种建议语气.〔〕7. We don’t know who stole the book. What’s you r opinion?--- Jack is considered _______ it.A. having doneB. doingC. to have doneD. to do此题应选B, consider 后面应该用动名词作宾语.〔〕8. The place is really beautiful . We all think it worth ______ .A. being visitedB. to be visitedC. a visitD. to visit此题应选C, worth 后面可以跟动名词作它的宾语,A、B、D答案都不是,因此我们选择名词作宾语.〔〕9. He advised _____ at the school gate the next day.A. our meetingB. to meetC. us meetingD. met此题应选A, advise 后接动名词作宾语, 动名词前面可以有一个逻辑主语,用形容词性的物主代词.〔〕10. The computer is _______ to be one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century.A. regardedB. consideredC. expectedD. suggested此题应选B, consider 在这里是认为的意思. c onsider sb. to be ….【实战模拟】〔〕 1. The experienced driver has got ______ in all kinds of weather.A. used to driveB. used to drivingC. use to driveD. use to driving〔〕2. I’m too tired. I prefer _____ rather than go to the cinema.A. to stay homeB. to staying homeC. stay homeD. staying home〔〕 3. Her father considered _____ to a foreign friend.A. writingB. writeC. to writeD. wrote〔〕 4. You’d better _____ tell a lie. I think it ______ tell the teacher all that had happened yesterday.A. not. would betterB. not, is better toC. not to, would better toD. not to, better〔〕 5. The young couple came to the ball without ______ .A. being invitedB. invitingC. been invitedD. invite〔〕 6. He was surprised to find the back window of his house ______ . He was evenmore surprised to find his computer ______ .A. broken, goneB. had broken, goingC. being broken, disappearedD. had been broken, missed〔〕7. Please speak a little louder to make yourself _____ .A. to hearB. hearC. heardD. hearing〔〕8. The dish isn’t warm enough now. You’d better get it _____ .A. to heatB. to be heatedC. heatedD. heating〔〕9. --- What’s in your bag?--- Books _________to the teacher tomorrow.A. sentB. to be sentC. being sentD. sending〔〕10. I can hardly imagine Peter _____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five hours.A. sailB. to sailC. sailingD. to have sailed试题答案1. B2. A3. A4. B5. A6. A.7. C8.C9. B 10. C。
高考英语 语法系列之动名词不定式知识点分析
英语语法系列之动名词(一)动名词的句法功能(1). 作主语Working is good exercise.Fighting broke out between the South and the North.作主语的动名词结构复杂而长时,为保持句子的平衡,可后置,而先行词it 作句子的形式主语。
如:It is fun having guests for the weekend.It is no use sending him over.It's too late already.There is no joking about such matters.(2). 作宾语A. 作及物动词的宾语( suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can't help, mind, admit, enjoy,require, postpone, put off, delay, practise, excuse, advise, consider, deny, miss ---) The doctor advised taking exercise.I am sorry I missed seeing you while in Beijing.He gave up teaching only two years ago.注:“do + 限定词(the, my, some, much, etc)+ 名词化的动名词”意思是做--(事)”Who will do the cooking?I usually do my washing on Sundays.B. 作介词的宾语(成语如 insist on, think of, look forward to, get used to, be good at, take part in, be interested in, be proud of, succeed in, feel like, be fond of, be responsible for, be suitable for, ---, stop --- from ------)He has some difficulty in keeping five children in school.The teacher gave him a medal for winning the game. C. 作形容词worth, busy的具有状语性质的宾语He was worth teaching.(=worthy of being taught)The teacher is busy correcting the students' exam papers.如果作宾语的动名词又有自己的补语,习惯上将动名词后置,而用先行词作它的形式宾语。
动名词知识点总结
动名词知识点总结如果一个动词加上了ing变成了名词,那么这个词称动名词。
由于动名词是由动词变化而来,它仍保留着动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形式,用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。
动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。
一、动名词的作用1、作主语1)、直接位于句首做主语。
例如:Swimming is a good sport in summer.2)、用it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。
动名词做主语时,不太常用it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。
例如:It is no use telling him not to worry. 3)、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较:动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。
在意义上相近。
但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。
比较:Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much.2、作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。
(Cleaning the windows is your task.)What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)3、作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
如: a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing 。
高中英语知识点归纳动名词的用法
高中英语知识点归纳动名词的用法动名词是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,它具有名词性质,可用作主语、宾语、表语、介词宾语等。
在高中英语学习中,动名词的用法较为重要。
本文将对高中英语中的动名词用法进行归纳总结。
一、作主语动名词可作主语,表示一个动作或者状态。
常见的动词有:enjoy, dislike, mind, suggest, recommend, avoid, practice等。
例句:1. Swimming is a good way to keep fit.2. Avoiding junk food can help you maintain a healthy diet.3. I don't mind cleaning the house.二、作宾语动名词可作为及物或不及物动词的宾语,通常与动词的搭配有固定用法。
常见的动词有:enjoy, finish, suggest, consider, admit, deny, keep, imagine等。
例句:1. She enjoys playing the piano in her spare time.2. I can't imagine living without my smartphone.3. He admitted stealing the money.三、作表语动名词可作表语,表示主语的状态或者特征。
常见的动词有:be, feel, sound, smell, look等。
例句:1. The music sounds beautiful.2. She looks tired after a long day of work.3. The cake smells delicious.四、作介词宾语动名词可作介词的宾语,常见的介词有:for, to, about, of, in, on等。
该用法常用于某些固定短语中。
例句:1. I'm not good at speaking in public.2. She is interested in studying abroad.3. He is thinking of moving to another city.五、作定语动名词可用作名词前的修饰语,起到定语的作用。
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一、动名词完成式梳理完成式:We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。
完成被动式:He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
动名词完成式练习1. I regretted _____ that to her.A. having saidB. to have saidC. to sayD. /2. You'll regret ______ those words. You may hurt her feelings.A. sayB. to sayC. having saidD. to have said3. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview.________ the answers ready will be of greathelp.A. To have hadB. Having hadC. HaveD. Having答案: ACB二、动名词的被动式一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done动名词被动的时态1.被动一般式―― 句子的主语是动名词(被动式)的逻辑主语如:He came in without being asked.He dislikes being interrupted in his experiment.He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
2. 被动完成式――动作在谓语动词动作之前发生如:She doesn’t remember having ever been given a chance to go abroad.她不记得曾经被给予过一次出国的机会。
He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
3. 例解例1: While shopping,people sometimes can 't help ____ into buying something they don't really need.A.to persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded例2: Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party.A.having not been invited B. not having invitedC.having not invited D.not having been invited动名词被动的用法1.动名词的被动作主语e.g. __________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed答案:C2.动名词的被动作宾语The tiger was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这头老虎幸运得很,刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。
We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。
He escaped being killed in the battle. 在那次战斗中他侥幸生还。
【注意】动名词在need,want,require,be worth, 后接宾语,常以主动形式来表示被动意义.This book is worth reading. =The book is worthy of being read. 这本书值得读need/ want/ require doing sth / to be done (需要做…)eg. My bike needs repairing / to be repaired.3.动名词被动作表语1. I still remember ___________ to my home town when I was young.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. to take2. They insisted on _________another chance to try.A. givenB. givingC. being givenD. to be given动名词被动式练习1. No one enjoys________ at.A. laughingB. to laughC. being laughedD. to be laughed2. He was afraid __________ for being late.A. of seeingB. of being seenC. to be seenD. to have seen4. _________by the teacher to leave the classroom made him feel ashamed.A. AskedB. Being askedC. Having askedD. To have asked5. Do you remember _______to professor Smith during your last visit?A. to be introducedB. being introducedC. having introducedD. to haveintroduced6. You must do something to prevent your house __________.A. to be broken inB. from being broken inC. to break inD. from breaking in7. We were lucky that we just escaped ________ the rain.A. being caught inB. to be caught inC. catchingD. to catch8. Some foods are eaten without ____________.A. well chewingB. being well chewedC. chewingD. well chewed9. Articles(物品) used by patients must be disinfected(消毒) before _________others.A. usingB. being used byC. used byD. being using10. He attended the party without _______________.A. invitedB. invitingC. having invitedD. being invited11.Anything worth___________ is worthy of __________ well.A. doing;being doneB. doing;doingC. to be done;to be doneD. to be done;being done12.The library needs __, but it will have to wait until Sunday.A. cleaningB. to cleanC. cleanD. being cleaned答案:CBBBB BABBD AA三、动名词否定式:not + 动名词动名词顾名思义,就相当于名词。
在句中主要起主语,宾语,及介宾。
其否定式就直接在动名词前加not。
动名词一般式的否定式: not doing动名词完成式的否定式: not + having done; having never done否定式是将否定词not置于动名词之前。
若动名词为完成式或被动式,否定词not应置于整个结构之前。
如:Don’t be angry with me for not having written.(我没给你写信请别生我的气。
)He felt bad for not being able to lend a hand.(他因不能帮忙感到遗憾。
)I am sure you will excuse me for not speaking to you first.(我肯定你会原谅我事先没跟你说。
)He said he so much regretted not being able to swim.(他说他对不会游泳感到非常遗憾。
)She was angry about not having been invited.(她没被邀请很生气。
)I must offer my apology for not coming to your party.(我没来参加你的晚会,必须向你道歉。
)【注】若动名词带有逻辑主语,则否定词应置于逻辑主语之后。
如:I’m surprised at your not having noticed.(你竟未注意到我感到吃惊。
)Jenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret.(杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。
)例题:1. Victor apologized for to inform me of the change in the plan. 【2004上海春】A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to be not able2. What worried the child most was to visit his mother in the hospital. 【1998上海】A. his not allowingB. his not being allowedC. his being not allowedD. his having not been allowed另外,有关于否定的一个特殊结构:“There + be + no + V-ing”结构。