(一)虚拟语气

第一节：虚拟语气

虚拟：假的，不真实的。

语气：英语中的语气指的是动词的表现形式，

If Zhang Ziyi married me, I would give her all that I have.

一．虚拟条件句：

If I were you, I would choose Jolin.

If I knew her number, I would call her at once.

B: 与过去事实相反

If you had told me earlier, I would not have married him.

If I had won the lottery, I would have come to Zhang Ziyi.

C: 与将来事实相反

married someone

If she were to marry somesone tomorrow, I would jump into the river with her photos.

should marry someone

2. 两种变形

A: 在虚拟条件句中若有were，had, should时可以省略If 而把这些词提至主语之前（句首），主句不变。

If I were you, I would choose Jolin.

→Were I you, I would choose Jolin.

If you had told me earlier, I would not have married him.

→Had you told me earlier, I would not have married him.

If I had won the lottery, I would have come to Zhang Ziyi.

→Had I won the lottery, I would have come to Zhang Ziyi.

If she should marry someone tomorrow, I would jump into the river with her photos →Should she marry someone tomorrow, I would jump into the river with her photos B: 介词短语代替虚拟条件句：but for--- 要不是---；幸亏---

without--- 如果没有---

If I had not had beriberi, we would not have broken up!

→Without beriberi, we would not have broken up!

If it were not for your help, we could not be together again.

→But for your help, we could not be together again.

二．wish 后的虚拟语气

结构：主语+ wish + that 从句

A：与现在事实相反：动词用过去式，be动词一律用were

I wish I knew her telephone number.

I wish my mother were here now!

B: 与过去事实相反：had + 过去分词或could + have + 过去分词

I wish I had been here yesterday.

I wish I could have gone to your birthday party yesterday.

C: 表示将来不太可能实现的愿望：would/could/might + 动词原形

I wish you wouldn’t be so nervous next time.

He wished she might do better next time.

三特殊词后的虚拟语气

当在主句中出现动词advise, suggest, request, require, demand, propose, order, insist, command, recommend等动词或它们的名词advice, suggestion, request, requirement, demand, proposal, order时从句中要用虚拟语气

从句谓语动词的形式：（should）+ 动词原形

She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance.

She suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.

He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once.

It is suggested that the boy (should) be sent to the hospitalat once.

My desire is that all the members of the family (should) gather once a year.

注意：①当suggest 不作“建议”解，而是“暗示，表明”的时候其后的宾语从句要用陈述语气

The look on your face suggests that you are very tired.

All these facts suggest that he is not guilty.

②当insist 不作“坚持要求”解，而是“坚持认为”时其后的宾语从句也要用陈述语

气

The doctor insisted that the boy was badly hurt and that he should be sent to a better hospital without delay.

四．特殊句子中的虚拟语气

1. It is important/necessary/essential that ---- (做---是很重要的/很有必要的)

从句中的谓语动词形式：（should）+ 动词原形

It is important that he (should) prepare his lesson before the exam.

2. or/otherwise （否则）引导的并列句中的虚拟语气：

其后并列句中的谓语动词的形式要与虚拟条件句的主句的谓语动词相一致

I didn’t know that he was a liar, or/otherwise I wouldn’t have believed him.

He is very busy now, or/ otherwise he would help us.

3.It is (high, about) time that ---- (早该做----的时间到了，实际上已经有些晚了)

that 从句中的谓语动词的形式：动词用过去式，be 动词一律用were

It is time that we went to bed.

It is high time that we were off.