非限制性定语从句

Unit 5 Grammar 定语从句(非限制性定语从句)

一．概述

非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，起前后都需要用逗号隔开。

1)The other day I met Li Lei, who seemed to be very busy.

不久前的一天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。

2)His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈很爱他，对他要求很严格。

非限制性定语从句和单句的比较

1)He failed in the exam. _It_ made his parents angry.

2)He failed in the exam; It made his parents angry.

3)He failed in the exam, _which made his parents angry.

二．非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：

（一）非限制性定语从句中的关系词：

1.

1)

2)Miss Howe, _______you met in the library, is our new teacher.

3)Yesterday I bought a T-shirt, ________only cost me 18 Yuan.

4)To m’s father, ________is over sixty, still works hard day and night.

汤姆的父亲已经六十多岁了，但他仍然从早到晚忙碌地工作。

5)Li Ming, ________ mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today.

6)Yesterday she sold her car, _______ she bought a month ago.

7)John’s wife, ____wo ks in Beijing ,came back home yesterday.

注意：非限制性定语从句中关系代词which/whom在从句中作宾语时，不可省略。

1)This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need.

这本书会给你提供所有你需要的资料，它在任何一家书店都能买到。

2)This morning I met Tom, whom I hadn't seen for ages.

今天早上我碰见汤姆，我很多年未见到他了。

2.关系副词有when和where；关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句，要用for which代替。

1)Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, _______ he had stayed two years.

昨天，吉米动身到加拿大去了，他曾在那儿呆了两年。

2)The People’ s Republic of China was founded in 1949, _________he was born.

3)I had told them the reason, __________I didn’t attend the meeting.

(二) 关系代词前介词的选择。

1.依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定

1)I bought a great many books, ______which I spent all my money that I saved.

我买了很多书，这些书花了我所有的积蓄。

2)This project, _______which I have devoted lots of time, will be a great success.

这项工程我投入了很多时间，肯定能成功。

2.依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定

1)I’ll never forget the time, during which I spent my childhood in the country.

我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。

2)Her bag, in which she put all her books, has not been found.

用适当的介词填空：

1)In the dark street, there wasn’t a s ingle person ___whom she could turn for help.

2)At last we found the hole in the wall _________ which the mouse got into the house last night. （三）含有“不定代词both/some/any/all/none等或基数词+of which/whom“结构的非限制性定语从句

1)He has three sons, all of whom are college students.

2)There are 51 students in Class Three，none of whom failed in the monthly examination last week.

3)Here are the questions, some of which I thought are difficult for you.

4)Present at the meeting were almost experts on DNA, most of whom came from the US.

出席会议的大都是DNA专家，其中大部分来自美国。

5)I have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from Canada.

填空：We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of ______are healthy.

小贴士

此类题解题的关键是看句中的标号。如果是逗号，通常考虑关系词，反之，考虑人称代词。

1)He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers.

2)He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.

(四)关系代词as的用法

1.as 与which 都可以代指主句整个句子的内容，有时可以互换

He is a doctor ,as/which we know from his manner.

2. 区别点：

A.as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which 则不能。

B.as意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce

等；which意为“这一点”。

1)He didn’t know French, which made it difficult for him to study at a university in France.

2)Smoking is harmful to one's health，as we know,

3)As we know，more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.

正如我们所知，地球表面的70%以上被水覆盖。

4)He came back home late，as we expected.正如我们所料，他回家晚了。

注意：as的固定结构：

She is late，as is often the case．她迟到了，这是经常的事

Taiwan，as you know，is an inseparable part of China．你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。As is announced in the papers，our country has launched another man-made earth satellite．

报纸宣布，我国又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。