05级高级英语试题A

滨州学院2007－2008学年第一学期期末考试英语专业（本）2005级《高级英语》试卷（A）（答案一律写在答题纸上，在本试卷上做答无效）I．Multiple choice:(30%)Section 1: Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined part (20%).1. There is a divergence of opinions among the committee members on the issue of promotion.A similarityB agreementC differentiationD resemblance2. She had a firm conviction that her view could hold water.A suppositionB beliefC convulsionD assumption3. The community hospital enlisted the support of the local residents to keep it going.A obtainedB lackedC rejectedD yielded4. He won the election by an overwhelming majority of votes.A slimB scarceC largeD sparse5. The noise of the explosion penetrated the wall of the room.A collapsedB crackedC bypassedD pierced6. People in the area still practice the customs of their fathers.A formulatorB advocateC ancestorsD plagiarizer7. The remarks by leaders of the Taiwan authority met with scathing criticism from all sidesA bitterB staticC dynamicD gentle8. She was extremely nervous at the prospect of her turn to make the presentation.A on word ofB upon hearing ofC at the request ofD at the thought of9. The committee is awaiting the chairman to give his assent to the proposal.A rejectionB viewC approvalD veto10. No one knew what the army was doing; there was a veil of secrecy over their activities.A coverB signC indicationD bit11. Tony became disdainful of his friends when he succeeded in the attempt.A scornfulB proudC thankfulD grateful12. Violence erupted due to the loss of the home team.A burstB explodedC blastedD occurred13. The wild and rampant spread of AIDS forced a vigorous war against the disease.A powerfulB lengthyC prolongedD pretentious14. His conscience impelled him to admit his part in the affair.A compelledB discouragedC exhaustedD exhilarated15 The stalled Middle Eastern situation has arrested world attention.A caughtB seizedC occupiedD empowered16. The High Court demanded that he interpret his involvement in the bribery scandal.A verifyB presentC accountD acknowledge17. Mr. Johnson is to preside over this Asian-European ministerial meeting.A declareB prepareC hostD supervise18. Artificial diamond is indistinguishable from genuine one, but much cheaper.A differential inB indifferent toC differentiable fromD identical to19. On many of the previous occasions the US trade negotiators would revert to the issue ofChina‟s human rights problems.A restatedB reiterateC reconsiderD reverse20. It is just conceivable that he‟ll win, but it‟s very unlikely really.A expectedB imaginableC supposedD presumedSection 2 Choose the most appropriate answer to fill in each of the blanks.(10%)21. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers ______.A follow suitB take suitC follow suitsD take suits22. I treaded cautiously______ the tatami matting.A onB inC downD out23. He plays tennis to the ____ of all other sports.A eradicationB exclusionC extensionD inclusion24. She answered with an ____ “No” to the request that she attend the public hearing.A eloquentB effectiveC emotionalD emphatic25. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein______ her racing mind.A inB insideC toD on26. He has made a declaration to the ________ that all fighting must cease at once.A followingB factC pointD effect27. Winant said the same would be true ______the U.S.A.A withB ofC forD to28. But later my hair began to fall_______, and my belly turned to water.A downB outC throughD away29. Every here and there, a doorway gives a of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, …A glanceB glimpseC peekD peep30. His gaze moved on to sweep the spacious, well-appointed room, the Duke whofaced them uncertainly, his back to a window.A surroundingB adjoiningC encompassingD borderingII. Reading comprehension. (20%)Read the following passage and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate choice. Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1INK-STAINED RICHES:Mencken, the Daddy of Bad-Boy PunditryIn his essay on H.L. Mencken entitled “Saving a Whale,” journalist Murray Kempton points out that “whales are the only mammals that the museums have never managed to stuff and mount in their original skins.” To Kempton, Mencken is a very great wh ale who, almost 40 years after his death, still defies critical taxonomy. That is putting it politely. Mencken in death provokes as much vitriol as he did while living. He has been called a racist, a humanitarian, an arch conservative and a great liberal, and the thorny fact is, he was all those things. Nobody knows what to make of a man who turned his diary into a manure pile of anti-Semitism at the same time he was working diligently to get Jews out of Hitler‟s Germany.Biographers have been struggling t o take Mencken‟s measure since the 1920s. Fred Hobson‟s Mencken...is the latest and best attempt. Hobson is the first of Mencken‟s biographers to use all the posthumously published diaries, where the “Sage of Baltimore” vented his most odious bigotries and where he most clearly revealed the alienation and loneliness at the heart of his personality. Hobson does not try to resolve the contradictions in Mencken‟s personality. Instead, he wisely uses this new material to portray Mencken as a man forever in conflict with himself, the carefree cutup coexisting with the control freak, the comic with the tragedian. Eventually—at least a decade before the 1948 stroke that robbed him of the ability to read or write—Mencken‟s darker angels took charge of his soul. In 1942, he wrote, “I have spent all of my 62 years here, but I still find it impossible to fit myself into the accepted patterns of American life and thought. After all these years, I remain a foreigner.”But as Hobson points out, the darkness was there all along, and the miracle is that out of this almost paralyzing bleakness, Mencken was once able to spin exuberant, lacerating prose that is as funny as it is essentially serious. At the peak of his powers, in the …20s and early …30s, he slaughtered every sacred cow in sight, from Prohibition to fundamentalism. But as hard as he could be on hillbillies and Klansmen, he was even harder on professors: “Of a thousand head of such dull drudges not ten, with their doctors‟ dissertations behind them, ever contribute so much as a flyspeck to the sum of human knowledge.” Coining phrases like “the Bible belt” and aphorisms like “Democracy is the theory that the common people know what they want, and deserve to get it good and hard,” Mencken left his indecorous fingerpri nts all over American thought and speech.As a newspaper columnist, a magazine editor and a book writer, Mencken radically broadened the scope and raised the standards of American journalism. But most important, he proved that anintellectual could thrive in the popular press....Many have imitated Mencken‟s style....But the sad fact is, Mencken‟s disciples are not Mencken. Flaws and all, he was inimitable. As Hobson says, “He was our nay-saying Whitman, and...he sounded his own barbaric yap over the ro ofs of the timid and the fearful, the contented and the smug.” With his cheap cigars and his hick‟s haircut, and with his gaudy, orotund prose, he looks and sounds like an old-fashioned vaudevillian.... As nice as it would be to stick this curmudgeonly, politically incorrect relic on a back shelf and forget about him, we need his rancor too much. Better than anyone, he still instructs us on the value of the loyal opposition. At his best, he made his readers think and he kept them honest. No journalist could want a better epitaph.31. Kempton thinks that Mencken was[A] a huge man. [B] beyond reproach. [C] larger than life. [D]hard to classify.32. Hobson‟s biography is a typical of previous books about Mencken because it[A] sues samples of Mencken‟s pr ose. [B] creates a one-sided portrait.[C] glosses over inconsistencies. [D] uses material Mencken never published.33. Mencken is probably best characterized as a/an[A] optimist. [B] pessimist. [C] enthusiast. [D] defeatist.34. According to the author of the passage, Mencken‟s prose is[A] pedantic. [B] prosaic. [C] pungent. [D] poetic.35. The reviewer believes that Mencken‟s work should be appreciated because[A] it has historic value.[B] it reminds Americans of the importance of dissent.[C] Mencken was an excellent reporter.[D] Mencken cannot be copied.Passage 2THE DEATH OF A SPOUSEFor much of the world, the death of Richard Nixon was the end of a complex public life. But researchers who study bereavement wondered if it didn‟t also signify the end of a private grief. Had the former president merely run his allotted fourscore and one, or had he fallen victim to a pattern that seems to afflict longtime married couples: one spouse quickly following the other to the grave?Pat, Nix on‟s wife of 53 years, died last June after a long illness. No one knows for sure whether her death contributed to his. After all, he was elderly and had a history of serious heart disease. Researchers have long observed that the death of a spouse particularly a wife is sometimes followed by the untimely death of the grieving survivor. Historian Will Durant died 13 days after his wife and collaborator, Ariel; Bickminster Fuller and his wife died just 36 hours apart. Is thismore than coincidence?“Part of the story, I suspect, is that we men are so used to ladies feeding us and taking care of us,” says Knud Helsing, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, “that when we lose a wife we go to pieces. We don‟t know how to take care of ourselves.” In one of several studies Helsing has conducted on bereavement, he found that widowed men had higher mortality rates than married men in every age group. But, he found that widowers who remarried enjoyed the same lower mortality rate as men who‟d never been widowed.Women‟s health and resilience may also suffer after the loss of a spouse. In a 1987 study of widows, researchers form the University of California, Los Angeles, and UC, San Diego, found that they had a dramatic decline in levels of important immune-system cells that fight off disease. Earlier studies showed reduced immunity in widowers.For both men and women, the stress of losing a spouse can have a profound effect. “All sorts of potentially harmful medical problems can be worsened,”says Gerald Davison, professor of psychology at the University of Southern California. People with high blood pressure, for example, may see it rise. In Nixon‟s case, Davison speculates, “the stroke, although not caused directly by the stress, was probabl y hastened by it.” Depression can affect the surviving spouse‟s will to live; suicide rates are elevated in the bereaved, along with accidents not involving cars.Involvement in life helps prolong it. Mortality, says Duke University psychiatrist Daniel Balzer, is higher in older people without a good social-support system, who don‟t feel they‟re part of a group or a family, that they “fit in” somewhere. And that‟s a common problem for men, who tend not to have as many close friendships as women. The sudden absence of routines can also be a health hazard, says Blazer. “A person who loses a spouse shows deterioration in normal habits like sleeping and eating,” he says. “They don‟t have that other person to orient them, like when do you go to bed, when do you wake up, when do you eat, when do you take your medication, when do you go out to take a walk? Your pattern is no longer locked into someone else‟s pattern, so it deteriorates.”While earlier studies suggested that the first six months to a year—or even the first week—were times of higher mortality for the bereaved, some newer studies find no special vulnerability in this initial period. Most men and women, of course do not die as a result of the loss of a spouse. And there are ways to improve the odds. A strong sense of separate identity and lack of over-dependency during the marriage are helpful. Adult sons and daughters, siblings and friends need to pay special attention to a newly widowed parent. They can make sure that he or she is socializing, getting proper nutrition and medical care, expressing emotion and, above all, feeling needed and appreciated.36. According to researchers, Richard Nixon‟s death was[A] caused by his heart problems. [B] indirectly linked to his wife‟s death.[C] the inevitable result of old age. [D] an unexplainable accident.37. The research reviewed in the passage suggests that[A] remarried men live healthier lives.[B] unmarried men have the longest life spans.[C] widowers have the shortest life spans.[D] widow s are unaffected by their mates‟ death.38. One of the results of grief mentioned in the article is[A] loss of friendships. [B] diminished socializing.[C] vulnerability to disease. [D] loss of appetite.39. The passage states that while married couples can prepare for grieving by[A] being self-reliant. [B] evading intimacy.[C] developing habits. [D] avoiding independence.40. Helsing speculates that husbands suffer from the death of a spouse because they are[A] unprepared for independence. [B] incapable of cooking.[C] unwilling to talk. [D] dissatisfied with themselves.III．Cloze Test（10%）Directions: Read the following text. Write out best word or phrase for each numbered blank on the answer sheet.The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds-even thousands-of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is 41 a Gothic-arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and 42 of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the 43 distance. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells 44 their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every 45 kind are sold. The din of the stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you 46.Then as you 47 deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance 48 away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, 49 the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. The shop-keepers speak in slow, 50 tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit.IV．Paraphrase the following sentences (10%)51. Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and youcome to the muted cloth-market.52. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.53. We are ripping matter from its place in the earth in such volume as to upset the balancebetween daylight and darkness.54. Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by.55. “That‟s more like it,” Ogilvie said. He lit the fresh cigar, “Now we‟re getting somewhere.”V．Translation（10%）56. 现代化的电子计算机除了数据处理以外，还有做出决定和选择的能力。