各国数字电视标准

Country MultiplexesOperational Bands Carrier type Guardinterval FECModulationReceptionmodelMFN and SFN Max.transmitter ERP MiddlewareChannel bandwidth Australia 5mostly VHF,some UHF8k1/16 &1/8 for3/4 &2/3 FEC3/4 and 2/364QAM HDTV and SDTVboth MFN and SFN30kW VHF & 200kW UHFMHP7MHz for both VHF and UHFAustria1 during the trial in GrazUHF 8k 1/8 3/416QAMindoor, portable & fixed SFN being used for trialMHP withUMTS &telephone return being used in the trial8MHz Belgium3-5 planned UHF 8k 1/8 3/4indoor rod ant.to compete with cableSFN MHP reportedas being tested8MHz Denmark4 planned,one initiallyUHF8k1/43/464QAMSDTVMFN with SFN50kWMHP8MHz各国在卫星/有线数字电视标准大多采用欧洲标准DVBS 和DVBC ，对于复杂的地面广播数字电视标准，国际上有三大标准，DVBT ，ATSC ，ISDB －T ，大多数国家采用的是DVBT ，以下对各国的地面广播数字电视标准做了一个简单的汇总In 2000 CDG and the traditional broadcast network operator, Ceské Radiokomunikace (CRa), each launched DTT test projects in Prague to speed up DTT in the Czech Republic. The CDG DTT project covers two transmitters on existing television towers in the city.Both of these projects cover territory around fifty kilometres from the centre of Prague. Since 2000 there has been a multitude of tests carried out, including MHP interactive services, to prove the reliability of digital transmissions. There are currently four CDG channels on air, five CRa channels and three radio channels on each of the two multiplexes, some carrying demonstrations of MHP services.February 2004 is the next milestone for the possible governmental acceptance of the DTT strategy in Czech Republic. CDG and its owners are planning for a DTT roll out in early 2004Czech Republic各国数字电视标准Estonia one initially UHF 8k 1/8 2/364QAM Freeview initially. Re-bcast analogueMFNMHP planned 8MHz Faroe Islands 4UHF 8k 1/8 3/464QAM replacement foranalogueMFN400 Watts 8MHzFinland 3UHF8k1/82/364QAMFreeview SDTV MFN50kWMHP 8MHzFrance Germany4 initiallyUHF and VHF 8k 1/82/3 & 3/416QAM indoor, mobile & fixed SFN & MFN 10kW VHF,120kW UHF MHP being adopted 8MHz UHF &7MHz VHFHungary3-6 planned, 1during trialUHF8k8MHz Italy 5 (2004)UHF and VHF8k2/3 for UHF,3/4 for VHF64QAMFree view and pay chanelsMFN MHPUHF/8MHz,VHF/7MHz (8MHZ planned for VHF later)Iran Ireland 6UHF8kFreeview andpay8MHzLatvia6 plannedUHF8k64QAMMHP8MHzLuxembour g8k2/364QAMSFN2kWIsrael It is expected that four multiplexes will be allowed carrying around 20 programmes in Vilnius by the end of 2005. Klaipeda and Kaunas should also be covered with the same multiplexes by the end of 2006 with other major cities following by the end of 2007.France will use 8k with 64QAM modulation in Bands 4 & 5India chose the DVB-T standard for Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting in July 1999 after 18 months of study and testing.The state broadcaster Doordarshan started a pilot trial in Delhi during 2002 which is extending to Calcutta, Mumbai and Chenai.India A joint field trial using Bezeqs two existing DVB-T test transmitters will take place during the first half of 2004 enabling it and content providers to learn digital broadcast technology.DV BTIt was reported that DTT planning by the Greek Administration began last year with the priority being to cover the Attiki region around Athens which would immediately cover 50% of the population.This will also be a pilot project to define a network for the rest of Greece using both SFN and MFN networks.GreeceLithuania Iran chose DVB-T as its terrestrial digital TV system after extensive technical study.Malaysia MoldovaNetherlands 5-6 plannedafter switchoff UHF only8k 1/82/364QAM indoor rodant./portable/fixedMFN's andlocal SFN's10kW MHP 8MHz Norway3 in 2001 plan UHF only8k64QAM freeview mainly both60kWMHP8MHzPoland 5UHF 8k 1/32 2/364QAM fixed &16QAM portableFreeview MFN MHP 8MHzPortugal4UHF 8k 1/4during trial 2/3 duringtrial64QAM being re-thought NationalSFNs plannedMHP planned 8MHzSingapore 2UHF 2k mobile, 8k fixed 1/4mobile,1/8 fixed 1/2 mobile,2/3 fixedQPSK mobile,64QAM fixedFreeviewMFN and SFN 40kWOpenTV, MHPplanned8MHzSlovakia 2+18kMFN and SFN'sSlovenia6UHF and VHF8k 64QAM,QPSK for mobile fixed, portable,mobile MFN withextensiveSFN8MHz UHF,7MHz VHFMalaysia has yet to formally announce its choice of a standard for DTTB. Indications are that DVB-T will be the choice but a formal decision is still pending.DTT is not a high priority at the moment and an analogue switch off date has not been decided. A new Broadcasting Act due to be passed this year should be more specificIn December 2003 it was formally announced that Russia will adopt the DVB-T system for terrestrial digital broadcasting and DVB-S for satellite broadcasting.This follows a two-year study of competing standards as well as a series of trial broadcasts in Moscow, St Petersburg and Nizhny Novograd.It is reported that national digital conversion should be completed between 2010 and 2015.RomaniaBTRussian FederationSentech was first on the air in February 2000 with 5 fixed and 2 mobile targeted transmissions.The fixed service uses 8k, 64QAM modulation with a 1/32 guard period and a 2/3 FEC. The mobile service uses 2k, QPSK with a 1/2 FEC and a 1/4 guard. Both configurations which are in an 8MHz UHF channel are subject to change.The Orbicom transmission also uses an 8MHZ UHF channel and has been radiating since November 2001. Both fixed and mobile transmission experiments are taking place.8k, 64QAM modulation with a 1/32 guard and an FEC of 2/3 is used for fixed reception with 2k, 16QAM, a 1/8 guard and an FEC of 2/3 used for mobile tests.These settings are also varied so that effect of different configurations can be assessed.It has been reported that the digital to analogue transition will take 10-15 years.South AfricaMauritius Malaysia has yet to formally announce its choice of a standard for DTTB. Indications are that DVB-T will be the choice but a formal decision is still pending.DVB-T was approved as the system of choice by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology in the year 2000. Test transmissions will take place in Bucharest with two transmitters in an SFN configurationSpain 4/5 planned UHF 8k 1/4 2/364QAM relaunch likely as Freeview MFN and some SFN 8MHz Sweden4UHF 8k 1/82/364QAM SDTV pay,HDTV trialed 2003MFN and SFN 50kWOpen-TV8MHz Switzerland 6UHF 8k 64QAM MFN 8MHz Taiwan 5 planned initiallyUHF only8k1/81/2 mainly,some 3/416QAMFreeview, pay added later MFN and SFN5kW, some 3kWMHP6MHzTurkey United Kingdom6 (4-16QAM,2-64QAM)UHF only 2k 1/323/4 for16QAM, 2/3for 64QAMmost16QAM, 2MUX 64QAMfixed, externalantennaMFN 20kW MHEG 8MHzAmericaCanada South Korea Argentina MexicoIS DBJapanVietnam has been transmitting DVB-T signals in Hanoi since March 2001.Later a transmitter was also installed in Ho Chi Minh City and both stations continued trial transmissions.The knowledge base has increased steadily over the years and some Vietnamese based manufactures are now producing there own transmission equipment.VietnamAT SCStudies on how and when to introduce DVB-T in Turkey are still taking place有效輻射功率(Effective Radiated Power, erp)：傳送至天線之功率乘以天線最大增益(相較於半波偶極天線，half-wave dipole)。