【实用知识】地震安全手册(中英文对照)

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地震时如何紧急避难与逃生(双语版)

如果你在室内蹲﹑躲﹑握：蹲下，寻找掩护，抓牢——利用写字台、桌子或者长凳下的空间，或者身子紧贴内部承重墙作为掩护，然后双手抓牢固定物体。
如果附近没有写字台或桌子，用双臂护住头部、脸部，蹲伏在房间的角落。
远离玻璃制品、建筑物外墙、门窗以及其他可能坠落的物体，例如灯具和家具。
正确应付地震时的特殊危险。当遇到燃气泄漏时，可用湿毛巾或湿衣服捂住口、鼻、不可使用明火，不要开关电器，注意防止金属物体之间的撞击。当遇到火灾时，要趴在地下，用湿毛巾捂住口、鼻，逆风匍匐转移到安全地带。当遇到有毒气体泄漏时，
地震时如何逃生
有序从楼梯向下撤离，按照预定的疏散路线迅速撤离到事先指定的地点。
知道各个房间的安全及危险地点在哪里： Knows each room the security and the danger point in where (1) 安全地点：最佳安全点是坚固的家具下面或旁边，例如书桌或其他硬质桌子之下；有支撑的拱廊下，紧贴内部承重墙的地方也较安全； (1) Point of safety : The best safety point is under the firm furniture or side
帮助需要帮助的人。
小结一下
遇地震，先躲避，桌子床下找空隙，靠在墙角曲身体，抓住机会逃出去，远离所有建筑物，余震蹲在开阔地。
谢谢
如果你被困在废墟下不要点火柴。不要向周围移动，避免扬起灰尘。用手帕或布遮住口部。敲击管道或墙壁以便救援人员发现你。可能的话，请使用哨子。在其他方式都不奏效的情况下再选择呼喊——因为喊叫可能使人吸入大量有害灰尘并消耗体能。
为什么地震瞬间不宜夺路而逃呢？这是因为： ——现在城市居民多住高层楼房，根本来不及跑到楼外，反倒会因楼道中的拥挤践踏造成伤亡。 ——地震时人们进入或离开建筑物时，被砸死砸伤的可能性最大。 ——地震时房屋剧烈摇晃，造成门窗变形，很可能打不开门窗而失去求生的时间。 ——大地震时，人们在房中被摇晃甚至抛甩，站立和跑动都十分困难。

关于地震的英文资料

关于地震的英文资料1、What is an earthquake?An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking of the Earth caused by the breaking and shifting of rock beneath the Earth's surface. For hundreds of millions of years, the forces of plate tectonics have shaped the Earth as the huge plates that form the Earth's surface move slowly over, under, and past each other. Sometimes the movement is gradual. At other times, the plates are locked together, unable to release the accumulating energy. When the accumulated energy grows strong enough, the plates break free causing the ground to shake. Most earthquakes occur at the boundaries where the plates meet; however, some earthquakes occur in the middle of plates. If the earthquake came, what should we do? » How can we save themselves »Is extremely frequent earthquakes, the community as a whole has a great impact. When the earthquake occurred, the most basic phenomenon is the continuous ground vibration, is obviously the sloshing. Once the earthquake occurred, we must first maintain a clear, cool head and promptly determine shock situation, must not in jumping from buildings in panic, it is extremely important2、After the earthquake quickly evacuated to a safe place contingency protection is a better way. The so-called nearest escape, according to local conditions and in accordance with the different situations of different countermeasures. For example, choose the spot where shock absorbers open: squat or Paxia, so as not to fall; Do not span, many people avoid the place; Do not return to the indoor. Avoid tall buildings or structures to avoid hazards, tall, Xuangua Wu or other dangerous substances. Ifsome people were injured, to the wounded placed in a safe place timely relief.In short when the earthquake occurred, it is essential to have a clear-headed, calm composed attitude. We help each other, the common seismic!中文如果地震来了，我们应该做些什么呢？我们如何能自救？地震是极其频繁的，对整个社会有着很大的影响。

实用英语：地震安全手册(中英文对照)

实用英语：地震安全手册(中英文对照)Important Numbers and Addresses重要电话号码及联系地址Your family may not be together when an earthquake strikes, so use the spaces below to record information that will help you communicate with one another. Remember, during the first 24 hours following a major earthquake, use your telephone only in case of an emergency.地震时您和家人可能会失散，所以，请在以下的空白处记下重要信息，以便失散后相互联系。

记住，在大地震后的24小时内，如非紧急情况，请不要打电话。

消防电话：119急救电话：120报警电话：110Police telephone_____________________________________________________Fire Departmenttelephone_____________________________________________Ambulancetelephone_________________________________________________________________________________________________________'s work address__________________________________________________________________ __Telephone/cellphone_________________________________________________________________________________________________________'s work addressTelephone/cellphone___________________________________________________School policy: ? Hold student ? Release student____________________________________________________________'s schoolTelephone/cellphone__________________________________________________School policy: ? Hold student ? Release studentName and telephone/cell phone number of anout-of-town relative or friend who can act as a point-of-contact for separated family members:__________________________________________________________________ __Location of Disaster Supplies Kit:__________________________________________________________________ __________ 的工作地址：____________________________________________电话/手机：_______________________________________________________的工作地址：____________________________________________电话/手机：_______________________________________________________的学校地址：____________________________________________电话/手机：____________________________________________学校采取措施：?让学生留在学校?疏散学生___________的学校地址：____________________________________________电话/手机：____________________________________________学校采取措施：?让学生留在学校?疏散学生一位外地亲友的名字和电话/手机号（作为家人失散后的联络点）：_____________________应急物资存放地_____________________Are You Prepared for the Next Earthquake?你为下一次地震做好准备了吗？This booklet is designed to help you and your family plan for and survive a major earthquake. By taking action to be prepared, you can lessen the impact of an earthquake on your family. Set aside some emergency supplies, and teach your family what to do at home during and after a disaster. You could be without help for up to 72 hours, so learn to cope for at least that long.Movement of the ground is seldom the actual cause of death or injury. Most casualties result from partial building collapse and falling objects and debris, like toppling chimneys, falling bricks, ceiling plaster, and light fixtures. Many of these conditions are easily preventable.Because earthquakes occur without warning, it's important to take steps now to prepare, so that you know what you can do and how to respond - constructive, protective action is possible.这本小册子旨在帮助你和家人学会未雨绸缪，以便在大地震时逃生。

地震避险小常识的英语作文200字

地震避险小常识的英语作文200字英文回答：Earthquake Safety Tips.Before an earthquake:Secure heavy objects that could fall, such as bookcases, mirrors, and appliances.Make plans with your family and friends about what to do in case of an earthquake.Know how to shut off your gas and electricity.Keep a first-aid kit, flashlight, and whistle in an easily accessible location.During an earthquake:If you are inside, drop to the ground, take cover under a sturdy table or desk, and hold on until the shaking stops.If you are outside, get away from buildings, trees, and power lines. Drop to the ground and cover your head and neck with your arms.If you are driving, pull over to the side of the road and stop. If possible, drive away from buildings and trees.After an earthquake:Check for injuries and damage. If you see downed power lines, stay away and call the power company.Turn off your gas and electricity if there is any damage.Listen to the radio for updates and instructions.Do not enter damaged buildings.Be prepared for aftershocks.中文回答：地震避险小常识。

地震安全防范措施(英文).doc

地震安全防范措施(英文)if you have received possibly have the earthquake warning, continuesto maintain listens to the local broadcasting station newest reportand the suggestion, like the suggestion switches off the liquid gas,the power source. greatly but the heavy object from high will put onto take away. the jar, the glass, the chinaware and other brittlethings admit in the low cabinet, the baggage shelf should have keepsoff the hand by to prevent the object whereabouts. the cabinet gateshould shut tightly, moves away to be hanging the object. belowprepares the goods by to prepare urgently needs: fresh fresh water andemergency food, flashlight, fire extinguisher. is far away thesepossibly to fall is pounding your thing, possibly can eradicate inoutdoors trees, in the small town construction even if enough issturdy cannot destroy, the chippings also possibly fall. runs awayspacious to place most ideal, but if does not have the enough time,stays is possibly safer in the room, on the avenue speech, the gaspiping or the electric wire which bursts can increase the risk. passesin and out the human is most dangerous, extremely easily is wounded bythe building in bricks and stones.in room: when the earthquake occurs, if in the indoors, stays ininside, extinguishes the fire, is far away the glass is specially thebig window (including mirror and so on). in the room quoin or has thegood strut internal way is good seeking asylum place. perhaps the lowground or the basement can provide the best survival opportunity.hides in under the table bottom or other firm furniture, this not onlycan provide the protection to you, moreover also has the big breathspace. when store, is far away the big cargo exhibition hall, thesecargos possibly can drop down. also is loaded with the elevator in themulti第1 2 页下一页。

英文地震自救知识点总结

英文地震自救知识点总结IntroductionEarthquakes are natural disasters that can cause significant damage to buildings, infrastructure, and human life. In the event of an earthquake, it is important to know how to protect yourself and your loved ones. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of earthquake self-rescue knowledge, including tips on how to prepare for an earthquake, what to do during an earthquake, and how to stay safe in the aftermath.Before an EarthquakeThe best way to stay safe during an earthquake is to prepare in advance. Here are some steps you can take to be ready for an earthquake:1. Create an emergency plan: Make sure you and your family have a plan in place for what to do in the event of an earthquake. This should include a meeting place, emergency contacts, and evacuation routes.2. Prepare an emergency kit: Put together a kit with essential items such as water, non-perishable food, a first aid kit, flashlights, and a battery-powered radio.3. Secure your home: Take steps to secure your home against earthquake damage, such as securing heavy furniture and water heaters, and reinforcing walls and foundations.4. Stay informed: Keep yourself informed about the risk of earthquakes in your area and stay updated on emergency procedures.During an EarthquakeWhen an earthquake strikes, it is important to know how to protect yourself and your loved ones. Here are some key tips for staying safe during an earthquake:1. Drop, cover, and hold on: If you are indoors when an earthquake hits, drop to the ground, take cover under a sturdy piece of furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops.2. Stay indoors: If you are indoors, stay there until the shaking stops. Be aware of falling objects and move away from windows and glass doors.3. If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines.4. If you are driving, pull over and stop in a safe location away from bridges, overpasses, and power lines.After an EarthquakeOnce the shaking stops, the danger is not necessarily over. Here are some important steps to take in the aftermath of an earthquake:1. Check for injuries: Check yourself and others for injuries and administer first aid as necessary.2. Assess your surroundings: Be aware of potential hazards such as gas leaks, fallen power lines, and structural damage. If you smell gas or hear a hissing sound, leave the area immediately and report it to the authorities.3. Listen for updates: Stay tuned to local news and emergency services for updates on the situation and any instructions for evacuation or other measures.4. Be prepared for aftershocks: Aftershocks are common after an earthquake and can be almost as strong as the initial quake. Be prepared for more shaking and take cover as necessary.5. Assist others: If you are able, provide assistance to those who are injured or in need of help. Be mindful of your own safety and do not put yourself in harm's way.ConclusionEarthquakes can be unpredictable and devastating natural disasters, but with proper preparation and knowledge, you can stay safe and protect yourself and your loved ones. By creating an emergency plan, preparing an emergency kit, and knowing what to do during and after an earthquake, you can increase your chances of staying safe in the event of an earthquake. Stay informed, stay aware, and be ready to take action when necessary. Remember, being prepared can make all the difference in a crisis.。

地震自救常识双语雅安地震自救

地震自救常识双语雅安地震自救美国国际救援小组是世界上最有灾难救援经验的组织。

这篇双语阅读是该组织的专家提供的一些能在地震中挽救生命的提示。

记住这些地震自救常识，你就能在地震来临时尽自己最大努力保护自己，照顾身边的家人朋友。

一起来学习一下吧!1) Everyone who simply "ducks and covers" WHEN BUILDINGS COLLAPSE is crushed to death -- Every time, without exception. People who get under objects, like desks or cars, are always crush.当建筑物倒下时，每个只是简单地"蹲下和掩护"的人都被压死了，每次，毫无例外。

而那些躲逃到物体，如桌子，或汽车下躲避的人也总是受到了些伤害。

2) Cats, dogs and babies all naturally often curl up in the fetal position. You should too in an earthquake. It is a natural safety/survival instinct. You can survive in a smaller void. Get next to an object, next to a sofa, next to a large bulky object that will compress slightly but leave a void next to it.猫，狗和小孩子在遇到危险的时候，会自然地蜷缩起身体。

地震时，你也应该这么做。

这是一种安全的本能。

而且你在一个很小的空间里就可以做到。

靠近一个物体，一个沙发，或一个大件，它仅受到了略微的挤压，但在靠着它旁边的地方留下了一个空间。

地震逃生指南英文作文

地震逃生指南英文作文英文：Earthquakes are unpredictable and can strike at any time. It is important to be prepared and know what to do in case of an earthquake. Here are some tips for earthquake safety:1. Drop, Cover, and Hold On: If you are indoors, dropto the ground, take cover under a sturdy piece of furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops. If you are outside, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines.2. Stay Calm: It is important to stay calm during an earthquake. Panic can lead to poor decision-making and put you in danger.3. Have an Emergency Kit: Prepare an emergency kit with essential items such as food, water, first aid supplies,and a flashlight. Keep the kit in a designated place that is easily accessible.4. Know Your Evacuation Route: Familiarize yourself with the evacuation route in your area. If you need to evacuate, follow the designated route and listen to emergency officials.5. Check for Hazards: After an earthquake, check your surroundings for hazards such as gas leaks, broken glass, and downed power lines. Do not touch any electrical equipment or appliances that may be damaged.中文：地震是不可预测的，随时可能发生。

有关地震的常识(中英文对照)

地震是自然灾害中最危险、最致命的，世界许多地方都曾发生过。伊朗、中国、危地马拉、智利、印度和阿拉斯加都有过大地震的记录。有记载的最大两次地震发生在中国和阿拉斯加。这两次地震经测量约为里氏8.5级。
TheRichter Scale was devised by Charles Richter in 1935tocompare the energy level of earthquakes.An earthquake that measures a 2onthescale can be felt but causes little damage.One that measures 4.5onthescale can cause slight damage，and an earthquake that has a reading of over 7cancause major damage.It is important to note that a reading of 4indicates an earthquake ten times as strong as one with a reading of 3.So scientists want to be able to predict those earthquakes that have a reading of over 4ontheRichter Scale.
Earthquake prediction is still a young science.Everyone agrees that earthquakes cannot be predicted with any reliability.Scientists have only a partial understanding of the physical processes that cause earthquakes.Much more research has to be done.New and more up to-date methods have to be found for collecting earthquake data and analyzing it.However，scientists have had some success in predicting earthquakes.Several small earthquakes were predicted in New York State，in the eastern part of the United States.Chinese scientists predicted a major one in Haicheng in 1975，and Russian scientists predicted a major one in Garm in 1978.While this is a small start，it is still a beginning.

地震自救（简要英文版）

地震自救（简要英文版）第一篇：地震自救(简要英文版)1，最重要：Remain calm as the quake occurs。

2，户外while you are driving, stop and stay inyour car.Don't stop on a bridge, or under trees, or a power line.3, 户外Move to an open area, away from falling objects, and drop to the ground, Stay away from buildings, power lines and trees.4，室内If you are in a building, try to get near a strong wall，the corner of the room.under a desk, bed,big machine.if the desk or table you are under moves, move with it.5，注意：away from windows, bookcases, and picture framesDo not use stairs or elevators to escape.Do not jump from a high building.If you are in a wheelchair, lock your wheels,protect your head with your arms.6，有时间的话Put on your helmet,flashlight, bottled water, and food，first-aid kit, gloves, hard hat, goggles护目镜, blankets, and closed-toe shoes,地震后1,Be prepared for aftershocks.2,Check for fire, gas, water, and electric lines.Gas fires often result from earthquakes地震前 Store heavy objects on low shelves.第二篇：地震自救方法地震心理学上有一个“12秒自救机会”，即地震发生后，若能镇定自若地在12秒内迅速躲避到安全处，就能给自己提供最后一次自救机会。

美联英语：地震常识及避震逃生教案(双语)

美联英语提供：美联英语：地震常识及避震逃生教案（双语）An earthquake is a sudden tremor or movement of the earth's crust, which originates at or below the surface.地震是地壳一次突然的震动或运动，起源于地球表面或以下。

There are two main causes of earthquakes. They can be linked to explosive volcanic eruptions or can be triggered by tectonic activity, with the latter being the cause of most earthquakes.地震由两种主要原因引起。

他们都跟火山爆发有关或由建筑活动引起的。

后者是大多数地震的原因。

Earthquakes in the UK are all tectonic quakes, triggered when the Earth’s crus t is subjected to strain and eventually moves.英国的地震都是由建筑物震动，是由地壳绷紧时最终移动引起的。

At the start of a quake there is a sudden movement within the Earth's crust and shock waves move out from that point.震动开始时地壳内部有一些突然的移动，随后地震波开始在那一点传开来。

The focus of the earthquake or tremor is often deep below the surface and difficult to map, so what is normally called the epicentre is taken as the point on the Earth directly above it.震中心通常在表面以下深处，很难用地图表示，所以通常我们所称的正中心为地球最上方。

安全防震指南英语句子

安全防震指南英语句子Earthquakes can be a terrifying experience, but with the right knowledge and preparation, you can minimize the risk and stay safe. Here's a comprehensive guide to earthquake safety 英文版:1. Be Prepared:- "Ensure you have an emergency kit that includes a first aid kit, water, non-perishable food, a flashlight, and a battery-powered or hand-cranked radio."2. Know the Drop, Cover, and Hold On Method:- "When you feel an earthquake, drop to your hands and knees to prevent being knocked over. Cover your head and neck with your arms, and if possible, take cover under a sturdy table or desk. Hold on to it until the shaking stops."3. Stay Indoors:- "Stay inside until the shaking stops and it's safe to exit. Do not use elevators during or after an earthquake."4. Be Aware of Potential Hazards:- "Secure heavy furniture and appliances to the wall to prevent them from toppling over during a quake."5. Outdoor Safety:- "If you're outside, move away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires. Find an open space and drop to the ground."6. Driving Precautions:- "If you're in a vehicle, pull over to a clear location, stop, and stay inside until the shaking stops. Avoid stopping under overpasses, bridges, or large signs."7. Post-Earthquake Actions:- "After the shaking, check for injuries and be prepared for aftershocks. Use the flashlight to inspect your home for damage and turn off utilities if necessary."8. Emergency Communication:- "Have a plan for communication with family members and establish meeting points in case you get separated."9. First Aid and Medical Assistance:- "Learn basic first aid and be prepared to administer it. Keep a list of emergency numbers easily accessible."10. Community Involvement:- "Get involved in community earthquake safety programs and consider taking a first aid and CPR course."Remember, being informed and having a plan can make all the difference in an emergency situation. Stay safe and be ready to act quickly if an earthquake occurs.。

地震安全手册中英文对照

Are You Prepared for the Next Earthquake?你为下一次地震做好准备了吗？This booklet is designed to help you and your family plan for and survive a major earthquake. By taking action to be prepared, you can lessen the impact of an earthquake on your family. Set aside some emergency supplies, and teach your family what to do at home during and after a disaster. You could be without help for up to 72 hours, so learn to cope for at least that long.Movement of the ground is seldom the actual cause of death or injury. Most casualties result from partial building collapse and falling objects and debris, like toppling chimneys, falling bricks, ceiling plaster, and light fixtures. Many of these conditions are easily preventable.Because earthquakes occur without warning, it’s important to take steps now to prepare, so that you know what you can do and how to respond —constructive, protective action is possible.这本小册子意在协助你和家人学会未雨绸缪，以便在大地震时逃生。

防震避震指南简短话语

防震避震指南简短话语英文回答：Earthquake Safety and Preparedness Guide.Before an Earthquake.Secure your home: Bolt bookcases and heavy furniture to walls, secure loose objects, and install earthquake straps for water heaters and appliances.Create an emergency plan: Establish a designated meeting place, assign responsibilities to family members, and practice evacuation drills.Stock up on emergency supplies: Keep a supply of food, water, first aid kits, flashlights, batteries, a whistle, and a battery-powered radio.Know your evacuation routes: Identify multipleevacuation routes from your home, workplace, school, and other frequented places.Stay informed: Familiarize yourself with earthquake hazards and preparedness measures for your area.During an Earthquake.Drop, cover, and hold on: If you're indoors, take immediate shelter under a sturdy table or desk. Cover your head and neck with your arms. If you're outdoors, move away from buildings, trees, and power lines.Stay away from windows and exterior walls: These areas are prone to breaking and falling debris.If you're driving: Pull over to the side of the road and stop. Stay in your vehicle until the shaking stops.If you're in an elevator: Call for help and stay calm. If the elevator stops, don't try to open the doors or climb out.If you're caught in a collapsed building: Stay calmand conserve energy. Don't move around unless absolutely necessary. Cover your nose and mouth to avoid inhaling dust.After an Earthquake.Check for injuries: Attend to yourself and your loved ones first.Turn off utilities: If you smell gas, leave thebuilding immediately and call the gas company. If there are electrical sparks or wires down, turn off the main breaker.Inspect your home: Check for damage to walls, ceilings, chimneys, and foundations. Leave your home if it appears unsafe.Contact family and friends: Let them know you're safe and account for your loved ones.Be prepared for aftershocks: Aftershocks can occurafter an earthquake. Stay alert and follow the same precautions as during the initial earthquake.Listen to official announcements: Follow instructions from government officials and emergency responders. Don't spread rumors or misinformation.中文回答：防震避震指南。

地震的预防与自救英文版

CHINA SEISMOLOGICAL NETWORK
Does earthquake happen?
S/Vs -S/Vp=△t
Where?
PORTENTS OF EARTHQUAKE
There are many portents of earthquake: 1、water 2、the abnormal behavior of some animals.
THE PREVENTIONS OF EARTHQUAKE
Check and 屋
Clean up the balcony and curtain wall Take flower and sundry down 清理阳台和幕墙，花和杂物
Prepare a family shock first-aid kit, put it everywhere which is easy to take Empty the firm under the 准备一个家庭休克急救包， furniture for hiding For a family earthquake drill 放在容易携带的地方 when earthquake happens 家庭地震演习在地震发生时把家具藏在家具下面
SEISMIC HARMS
wenchuan earthquake died：69225 (2008.5)
Tangshan earthquake died: 240000 (1976.7)
Xingtai earthquake died: 8064 (1966.3)
shanxihuaxian died:830000 (1556.1 jiajing)
Find a empty place
Don't panic. Stay calm Look for where is light寻找光在哪里 Curled up the body in order to avoid more damage 蜷曲身体以避免更多的伤害 Carefully move collapse, check whether there is a way out

地震知识大全（中英文版）

地震的产⽣earthquake 【概述】地震(earthquake)就是地球表层的快速振动，在古代⼜称为地动。

它就象刮风、下⾬、闪电、⼭崩、⽕⼭爆发⼀样，是地球上经常发⽣的⼀种⾃然现象。

它发源于地下某⼀点，该点称为震源(focus)。

振动从震源传出，在地球中传播。

地⾯上离震源最近的⼀点称为震中，它是接受振动最早的部位。

⼤地振动是地震最直观、最普遍的表现。

在海底或滨海地区发⽣的强烈地震，能引起巨⼤的波浪，称为海啸。

地震是极其频繁的，全球每年发⽣地震约500万次，对整个社会有着很⼤的影响。

【地震的产⽣】地震是地球内部介质局部发⽣急剧的破裂，产⽣地震波，从⽽在⼀定范围内引起地⾯振动的现象。

地震开始发⽣的地点称为震源，震源正上⽅的地⾯称为震中。

破坏性地震的地⾯振动最烈处称为极震区，极震区往往也就是震中所在的地区。

【地震现象】地震发⽣时，最基本的现象是地⾯的连续振动，主要是明显的晃动。

极震区的⼈在感到⼤的晃动之前，有时⾸先感到上下跳动。

这是因为地震波从地内向地⾯传来，纵波⾸先到达的缘故。

横波接着产⽣⼤振幅的⽔平⽅向的晃动，是造成地震灾害的主要原因。

1960年智利⼤地震时，的晃动持续了3分钟。

地震造成的灾害⾸先是破坏房屋和构筑物，造成⼈畜的伤亡，如1976年中国河北唐⼭地震中，70％～80％的建筑物倒塌，⼈员伤亡惨重。

地震对⾃然界景观也有很⼤影响。

最主要的后果是地⾯出现断层和地裂缝。

⼤地震的地表断层常绵延⼏⼗⾄⼏百千⽶，往往具有较明显的垂直错距和⽔平错距，能反映出震源处的构造变动特征（见浓尾⼤地震，旧⾦⼭⼤地震）。

但并不是所有的地表断裂都直接与震源的运动相联系，它们也可能是由于地震波造成的次⽣影响。

特别是地表沉积层较厚的地区，坡地边缘、河岸和道路两旁常出现地裂缝，这往往是由于地形因素，在⼀侧没有依托的条件下晃动使表⼟松垮和崩裂。

地震的晃动使表⼟下沉，浅层的地下⽔受挤压会沿地裂缝上升⾄地表，形成喷沙冒⽔现象。