英语基础知识之句子种类

英语基础知识之句子种类

1.简单句: 只有一个主谓结构的句子。

2.并列句: 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

3.复合句: 复合句= 主句+ 从句

（主句是一个完整的句子,可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。）

◆简单句:只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。

简单句的五种基本句型

(1) 主语+不及物动词

He laughed.

(2) 主语+连系动词+表语

The weather is very cold.

(3) 主语+及物动词+宾语

W e like English.

(4) 主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）

She taught them English.

(5) 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语

The sun keeps us warm.

请说出下列句子类型：

1.Summer is coming.

2.They won’t let me go.

3.He showed me a new TV set.

4.She knows what to do.

5.The weather is very cold.

◆并列句: 由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句

连在一起构成。

1．I turned on the TV. I watched it.

I turned on the TV and watched it.

2．I bought my sister a present. She didn’t like it.

I bought my sister a present, but he didn’t like it.

常用并列连词

•平行并列连词: and, both…and, not only… but also, neither…nor

•转折并列连词：but, however, while, yet

•因果并列连词: for, so

•选择并列连词: or, either…or

I like swimming, but he doesn’t.

W e must hurry or we’ll be late.

I couldn’t find you so I left.

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。

1.He was tired. He went to bed.

2.The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog.

3.He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.

复合句:

在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：

1.主语从句

2.宾语从句

3.表语从句

4.同位语从句

5.状语从句

6.定语从句

主语从句What you said is wrong.

宾语从句I don’t know when he’ll leave.

表语从句This is where he put his books.

同位语从句The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. 时间状语从句When I came in, he was reading.

地点状语从句Please put the book where it was.

原因状语从句He was absent because he was ill.

条件状语从句I’ll be back his evening unless it rain.

让步状语从句Though he is young, he knows a lot of things.

目的状语从句I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

结果状语从句Mary is so busy that she can hardly afford time for holidays.

比较状语从句He is taller than I am.

方式状语从句Do as I say and sit down.

定语从句This is the house where we once lived.

指出下列各从句的类型：

I hope that everything is all right.

That you are leaving is a pity.

China is no longer what she used to be.

The teacher sugggested that we should carry out the plan as quickly as possible. My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.

He asked me the question whether he could leave at five.

Who will stay makes no difference.

The question remains whether they will be able to help us.

They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.

He made a promise that he would come to see me if he was free.

When you cross a main road, you must be careful.

Put it where you found it.

I eat ice-cream so much because I like sweet food.

Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else.

If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.

Y ou'll be late, unless you hurry.

He acts as if/as though he were the owner.