城市商业步行街景观设计外文文献翻译最新译文

文献出处：M D Velarde. The landscape design of city commercial pedestrian street [J] Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2015, 6(4): 112-122.原文The landscape design of city commercial pedestrian streetM D VelardeAbstractThe center of the city commercial pedestrian street is not only the people shopping consumption, and is a comprehensive leisure and entertainment, sightseeing, experience exchange and other functions in the integration of urban functional areas. Commercial street landscape design is an important part in the street landscape system, comprehensive and signature of commercial pedestrian street landscape design has become the key factors influencing the urban landscape environment. Levels of commercial pedestrian street landscape design is good or bad for city overall style and the shape of urban culture is of great significance.Keywords: commercial pedestrian street; Landscape design; humanized1 IntroductionToday's commercial pedestrian street has not only as an ease traffic channels, also contains the history of the local civilization, showing the local cultural characteristics, but also a symbol of spiritual civilization as a display area. Its development process and the history and culture of the intimate relationship, it incorporates the features of the local environment, traditional customs, local culture, the local characteristics have concentrated on commercial pedestrian street landscape; have produced the colorful commercial pedestrian street landscape. Commercial pedestrian street as the most dynamic business open space in city, the landscape design has become one of the basic content of the modern city landscape design.2 The overview of city commercial pedestrian street landscape design2.1 The meaning of commercial pedestrian street landscape designCommercial pedestrian street landscape is an important part of city street landscape system. As a kind of landscape form, it has the external material elements and manifestation. The continuity of street, ductility, rhythm city, for example, of thespace in an orderly and open close application, responsibly and high and low, twists and turns, and handling of visual focus in the street in unity there is no lack of change; Buildings, roads, lighting, plants, sculpture, chairs and other representational landscape form, through the change of the form language, color, light, and the traveling route, the viewing Angle is different, and present a rich artistic effect. At the same time, as external physical expression of city street landscape environment, commercial pedestrian street landscape from the generation and formation of ACTS as a meaningful object is experience, that maintains a certain relationship with the commercial pedestrian street, make it a full of plot, story, historical connotations and cultural connotation of space vehicle.A wide range of commercial Pedestrian Street, the composition of landscape environment is more complex. But no matter what kind of commercial Pedestrian Street, the landscape which form the basis of basic is conform to the street environment to form a variety of elements, but specific to a certain street will be slightly different. Some commercial pedestrian street in the road on both sides of the trees, for example, to beautify the environment, at the same time formed between the Tao and the physical and visual segmentation, but also some commercial walk street without greening landscape, or uses other ways to achieve the goal of break up a space. Therefore, commercial pedestrian street landscape design is not just limited to the environment of an object, but according to the different situation of commercial Pedestrian Street, factors of influence on all the object and object visualization, can influence the overall design, can touch, so as to produce certain aesthetic effect and social effect.2.2 The content of the commercial pedestrian street landscape designCommercial pedestrian street landscape design is a system design; both from the whole to the detail must undergo thorough and in-depth thinking. Is different between commercial pedestrian street landscape design content are different with each other, but in the aggregate, can be roughly include the overall landscape planning and design, landscape architecture, space organization, traffic form and commercial store design, ground shop, node space design, landscape design, public facilities and art design,waterscape design, etc., all constitute a commercial pedestrian street scene and the influencing factors of image can be regarded as the landscape design content. In the process of specific design to consider, rather than a single treatment, organic integration of various landscape elements together.2.3 Categories of city commercial Pedestrian Street landscape designCommercial Pedestrian Street of the category, scale, form varies, depending on the different conditions and requirements of different cities. These different commercial street building when considering different nature, its use function, construction scale, construction contents, geared to the needs of different consumer groups, therefore different commercial street landscape design focuses on the Angle of the problems and thinking is not the same.The classification of the commercial pedestrian street is more, such as in accordance with the commercial pedestrian street on the degree of control of motor vehicles is different, can be divided into the pedestrian street, half pedestrian street and bus traffic pedestrian street, according to the classification of commercial pedestrian street scale, a single street and street type of block, according to the commercial pattern of different categories can be divided into open type, closed type, and half a street from the mall form landscape classification, history can be divided into traditional commercial pedestrian street, modern commercial pedestrian street, customs street, theme tourism leisure walking street, etc.2.4 Landscape element of city commercial pedestrian streetStreets in the city play an extremely important role in the process of civilization. In addition to carrying traffic, street and other functions such as landscape, life and business. Different functions of the street have their own space and landscape elements.In the process of commercial street landscape design, the using of the psychological and behavioral characteristics should be considered, what are thinking about them in the street space activities. Design is a prerequisite for people to activities on the street, and constitute the mall landscape is the most important dynamic factors. In which people or stop, or watch, or hang out in groups, the bustlingstream of people to the mall fun and vitality, people also through such spatial interaction, their behavior and psychological full. Therefore, it is only through pleasant street landscape design, for the people in the street provide include shopping, communication, recreation, ornamental, stroll, performances and other activities of place and space, to retain people, make the street landscape is not out of people's activities, let the street full of vitality.Commercial pedestrian street landscape elements are divided into two kinds: static is a kind of natural landscape elements, such as the inside of the city of mountain, water, lakes, etc. Another kind is artificially created artificial landscape elements. Construction of the commercial pedestrian street involves the natural landscape is commonly: land form, plant, water and weather. And commercial pedestrian street involves the artificial landscape elements is to build a good internal space of the commercial pedestrian street people add some facilities, such as the laying of the surrounding buildings, roads, traffic lights, fountain, sculpture and so on, these are all in order to foil the atmosphere of the mall of artificial added.3 The landscape design of city commercial Pedestrian Street3.1 The architectural design of commercial Pedestrian StreetArchitecture is one of the important spatial entity, surround close the mall shopping street interface are usually formed by the building's facade, combined with the streets in the movement happens mainly in the interface, therefore the design of commercial pedestrian street building facade and stores the primary content of the commercial pedestrian street landscape design. For commercial subject is striking, the style of the building facade should be determined by its design theme, open the window and the wall of the actual situation in the design and construction of the facade contrast, modeling, the basic color control, etc. Establish the building facade style, design into the microscopic level of building facades. Detail design including building facade detail such as the combination of material texture, brick processing. This level of design mainly pays attention to is a person the sense of building facade details. On the vision, attention should be paid to the selected facade material skin texture, color, dimension and facade form of brick, strive for unity and change,forming active facade. Color respect should be in accord with the facade design style on the basis of considering the visual comfort, moderately saturated color add to increase business atmosphere.3.2 The waterscape design of commercial Pedestrian StreetCommercial street landscape design is more or less will set the water scene, with adding the dynamic commercial environment good moral and commercial prosperity. From the perspective of traditional garden, water state can be divided into four types, namely, spewing, hung, theological and static. Along with the advance of technology, water state also has a new type, such as spray, sculptures, etc. In the design of Commercial Street, the use of water state also has exquisite. Choose spewing more water state, hung, theological and dynamic water spray and so on, in order to reflect clever, lively character of the water.3.3The plant landscape design of commercial Pedestrian StreetCommercial street landscape design can choose when to plant landscape plants, there are many big tall trees, low shrubs, small to these can shade for the people, to reduce the noise, absorb dust, and the plants are the preferred landscape plants. Plant design is the focal point; take into account the use effect of plants, followed by the beautification effect of plants. Therefore, when the choice and the preferred is tall, In addition, the commercial pedestrian street and traffic roads, parks, such as different nature, so when making plant landscaping, plant can neither too rigid lined up, and because the area is finite, cannot grow rich in plants, which requires the designer's original conceptions, designed in accordance with the characteristics of the pedestrian street landscape plants.In order to show the commercial atmosphere, unfavorable also use large plants, and for used in the design of split road green belts, or need to provide the shade of the pavement, you can choose big canopy, branches and leaves of trees, this not only can form a huge shade in the summer, reduce the temperature, the division of space, build space. In both sides of the street, some stores outside, cannot grow tall trees, can be planted some low shrubs or colorful flowers. Real life, street greening was one of the focuses of urban construction, elaborate design and with the regional characteristics ofstreet greening tend to give the view of the street to bring significant change, even can form a very unique attractive street landscape, the most typical example is the roam bud streets of San Francisco.4 ConclusionsThe height of the development of commercial Pedestrian Street is built on a pedestrian traffic on the way, is a reflection of urban prosperity upward. Highly developed modern society, as people leisure, fitness and entertainment itself, assembled a variety of functions to meet the needs of the people leisure, Pedestrian Street as a highly developed commercial economy at the same time also to promote the development of the whole city. No longer in order to satisfy the demands of their shopping for the residents, but the entertainment, enjoy as purpose, feel the elegant and comfortable environment, experience rich and colorful activities, in order to gain more happiness. Along with the change in the era theme, the urban pedestrian street landscape design concept is also in constant evolution, but to adapt to the needs of users that will not change, the humanized landscape design is the future development of city commercial pedestrian street landscape design one of the important design concept.译文城市商业步行街景观设计摘要城市商业步行街不仅是人们购物消费的中心场所，而且是综合休闲娱乐、观光旅游、体验交流等多种功能于一体的城市功能区域。