中考英语 代词考点梳理
中考英语二轮复习知识点清单(4)代词
(4)代词——中考英语知识清单代词,是代替名词或一句话的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用,代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、关系代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词和相互代词等。
而在中考中,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词则作为重点考查内容。
一、人称代词1. 人称代词的主格和宾格,其具体内容如下表:2. 人称代词的用法(1)人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。
例:She is a good student.(2)人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。
例:I don't know her.(作宾语)His mother is waiting for him outside.(作宾语)—Who is there? —It's me!(作表语)3. 人称代词的语序几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是:单数形式(二、三、一)you, he/she and I复数形式(一、二、三)we, you and they二、物主代词1. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,列表如下:2. 形容词性物主代词后面常接名词,一般不单独使用。
例:His parents are both office workers, my name is Jack.3. 名词性物主代词后面不需要加名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
例:My idea is quite different from hers.4. 名词性物主代词可与of连用,表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。
例:He is a friend of mine.(我的一个朋友)三、反身代词1. 反身代词的单复数形式如下表:2. 反身代词的用法反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
例:I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语)The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语)3. 反身代词的常用词组teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快;玩得高兴help oneself to 随便吃/用come to oneself 苏醒hurt oneself 受伤by oneself 独自四、不定代词1. 常用不定代词有:some,something,somebody,someone,any,anything,anybody,anyone,no,nothing,nobody,no one,all,each,both,much,many,(a) little,(a) few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等。
中考代词知识点总结
中考代词知识点总结一、人称代词人称代词用来表示说话人、听话人和与说话人或听话人有关的人或事物。
在中考英语考试中,人称代词的使用是非常常见的。
1. 主格形式:I, you, he, she, it, we, they。
例如:I am a student.You are my friend.He is a teacher.She is my sister.It is a cat.We are in the same class.They are good students.2. 宾格形式:me, you, him, her, it, us, them。
例如:He likes me.I see you.We help him.She loves her.It follows it.They call us.I miss them.3. 形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their。
例如:This is my book.Is this your dog?That is his bike.Her name is Lily.Its color is yellow.Our teacher is strict.Their parents are doctors.4. 名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs。
例如:This book is mine.Is this dog yours?The bike is his.The cat is hers.The house is ours.The toys are theirs.5. 反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves。
例如:I see myself in the mirror.You should do it yourself.He hurt himself.She enjoys herself.It cleans itself.We find ourselves lost.They talk to themselves.二、指示代词指示代词用来指示人或物,常见的指示代词有this, that, these, those等。
中考英语代词知识点总结(最新整理)
中考英语代词知识点总结(最新整理)与复数名词连用;也用于强调全部。
either两者中的任意一个用于肯定句和否定句中___两者都不用于否定句中each每个用于肯定句中,修饰可数名词单数形式every每个用于肯定句中,修饰可数名词单数形式和不可数名词___某人用于肯定句和疑问句中___任何人用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中___没有人用于否定句中___每个人用于肯定句中2)注意事项:①some和any在用法上有些相似,但some表示确定的数量,而any则表示不确定的数量。
②both和all都表示全部,但all更强调整体,而both则更强调两个部分。
③each和every都表示每个,但each更强调个体,而every则更强调整体。
2.特殊的不定代词1)one和onesone和ones都是不定代词,one用于单数,ones用于复数。
它们常用来代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复。
例如:I want an apple。
Do you want one?I have ___?2)somebody。
anybody。
nobody。
everybody和someone。
anyone。
no one。
everyone这两组代词都表示“某人”“任何人”“没有人”“每个人”的意思。
但前者属于不定代词,后者属于不定代词+one的形式。
两者可以互换使用。
例如:___ here.Somebody called for you。
= Someone called for you.3)something。
anything。
nothing。
everything和somewhat。
___。
nowhere。
___这两组代词都表示“某事”“任何事”“没有事”“每件事”的意思。
但前者属于不定代词,后者属于不定代词+thing的形式。
两者不能互换使用。
例如:I need something to eat。
≠ I need ___.不定代词的意思和用法,例如___表示每个人,something表示某件事物等;其次需要注意不定代词的单复数形式和与形容词或else的搭配,例如everyone要用they作反意疑问的主语,something要用形容词或else修饰;最后需要结合具体语境进行判断和选择。
中考代词知识点梳理
中考代词知识点梳理篇一:中考代词知识点代词知识点考点一、人称代词分为主格和宾格主格:在句子中充当主语,是动作的执行者。
宾格:在句子中充当宾语,是动作的承担者。
用法:动词、介词后面用人称代词的宾格(动介之后用人宾),在句中作表语时常用宾格He often beats me. / Look at her, her dress is very beautiful. / It’s me.★★it的用法:①作形式主语eg:It is very important to learn English well. 真正的主语是后面的to learn English well —To Learn English well is very important.②作形式宾语eg:I found it is important to learn English well. 真正的宾语是后面的to learn English well —I found to learn English well is important.③指代时间、天气、人等eg:It’s 9 o’clock. / It’s Monday today. / It was sunny yesterday. / It’s me.④用于强调句中eg:It is Li Ming who is a dictor.⑤用于前面提到的单数名词eg:I have a pen, it is black.★两个或两个人称代词连用时,要注意:单数时—2-3-1(你-他-我)自己始终放在最后面eg:You, he and I will go to Badong. / The teacher wants you, Jim and me to have a rest. 复数时—1-2-3(我-你-他)eg:We, you and the twins want to eat some candy.考点二、物主代词形容词性物主代词(形物代)& 名词性物主代词(名物代)用法:① 是用形物代还是名物代,要看它后面紧跟的那个词。
中考英语语法复习代词
代词(1)人称代词的用法人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的基本结构人称代词在句于中作主语时用主格,作动词或介词的宾语时用宾格。
例如:应谈说between you and me,而不是between you and I。
● 人称代词在句子中作表语时,口语中常用宾格来代替主格。
例如:一Who's that?一-It's me.● 如果主语是并列的几个人,要将人称代词you放在最前面,I 放在最后面。
例如:You, he and I are all from Bejing.● it可用来指动物、无生命的东西或者指上文已提到的或下文将要提到的事物,也可以指自然现象、时间、距离、温度等。
例如:The horse is a useful animal. I like it very much. It's rather cold today, isn't it?[注]“it” 还是可用作引导词, 在句中作形式主语或形式宾语,代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正主语或宾语。
例如:It is not easy to learn English well.(it 在句中作形式主语)it”可用在强调结构中,强调句子的某一成分。
● 形容词性物主代词只能用作定语,修饰名词:名词性物主代词相当于名词,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语。
例如: This pen is hers,mine is in my office. Can I use yours?● 反身代词不能单独用作主语,也不能用作定语,但可以用来强调名词或代词,作名词或代词的同位语,有“亲自”的意思。
例如:I always have to do everything myself.● 反身代词可用作动词或介词的宾语。
当主语和宾语指的是同一人和物时,宾语应用反身代词而不用宾格人称代词。
例如:Her brother is too young to look after himself.(2)指示代词指示代词有this, these that, those, such和same它们通常在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
中考年英语知识点梳理之人称代词
中考年英语知识点梳理之人称代词年中考英语知识点梳理之人称代词1、人称代词的分类注意:1.选用什么人称代词,取决于所要代替的名词。
在数和性上要与所代替的名词保持一致。
2.如果有几个不同的人称代词同时作主语,且用 and, or连接时,习惯顺序是单数:第二人称、第三人称、第一人称,即:you, he/she, I。
复数第一人称、第二人称、第三人称,即we, you and they。
3.如果做错了事,需要承担责任时,通常把第一人称放在最前面。
一Who broke the window?谁打破了窗子? 一I and Tom.我和汤姆。
代词:用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。
代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、反身代词、疑问代词和关系代词。
代词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。
中考英语试题中,常检测以上七种代词的用法。
解答代词检测试题,关键要弄清代词在句中的功能,这样才能让它们“对号入座”。
考点一:人称代词人称代词分为主格和宾格,其中主格人称代词一般在句中作主语,宾格人称代词一般在句中作宾语。
例如:I want to be a doctor when I grow up.(“I”作主句和从句的主语)He often helps me with my English.(“he”作主语,“me”作宾语)It is impolite to laugh at them.(“it”作主语,“them”作介词的宾语)[方法突破]:主格和宾格判断方法:主格主要看是否在句中作主语,一般放在动词前(疑问句除外);宾格主要看是否放在动词或者介词后面。
[注意]人称代词的主格形式作主语,宾格形式作动词或者介词的宾语,也可用在系动词之后。
如:——Who’s the boy in the photo?——It’s me.考点二:物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类。
其中,形容词性物主代词一般在句中作定语,名词性物主代词一般在句中作主语、宾语和表语。
中考英语代词知识点
中考英语代词知识点1. 人称代词(Personal Pronouns):- 主格代词:I, you, he, she, it, we, they- 宾格代词:me, you, him, her, it, us, them- 形容词性代词(用于修饰名词):my, your, his, her, its, our, their- 反身代词(用于强调动作的承受者与动作的执行者是同一个人或物):myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves2. 物主代词(Possessive Pronouns):- 形容词性物主代词(用于修饰名词):my, your, his, her, its, our, their- 名词性物主代词(替代名词):mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3. 指示代词(Demonstrative Pronouns):- this(单数近距离)、that(单数远距离)、these(复数近距离)、those(复数远距离)4. 不定代词(Indefinite Pronouns):- all, both, each, either, neither, few, many, several, some, any, none, one, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything,nothing, everyone, everyone, everything, no one, none, both, few, many, several5. 相互代词(Reciprocal Pronouns):- each other, one another6. 关系代词(Relative Pronouns):- who, whom, whose, which, that7. 疑问代词(Interrogative Pronouns):- who, whom, whose, which, what8. 相对代词(Reflexive Pronouns):- myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves9. 引导词(Relative Pronouns/Relative Adverbs):- that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why10. 连接代词(Connective Pronouns/Conjunctions):- whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever, whosever, wherever, whenever, however以上是中考英语代词的知识点总结,掌握这些代词的用法和区别可以帮助你在中考英语考试中正确使用代词。
中考考点_代词知识点汇总(全)经典
中考考点_代词知识点汇总(全)经典中考考点_代词知识点汇总(全)经典一、初中英语代词1.Nowadays many people prefer to keep in touch with ______________ friends online.A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:现在年轻人更喜欢在网上跟他们的朋友保持联系。
A.他们,主格人称代词;B.他们,宾格人称代词;C.他们的,形容词性物主代词;D.他们的,名词性物主代词。
空缺处需要定语修饰friends,因此使用形容词性物主代词,故答案是C。
【点评】考查代词辨析,注意形容词性物主代词可以作定语修饰名词。
2.Mary's answer is different from ________, but I really agree with ________.A. his; herB. his, hersC. him; hersD. him; her【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:玛丽的回答和他的不同,但我真的同意她。
be different from,与……不同,因主语是Mary's answer,后面要用名词性物主代词his;agree with sb,赞同某人的观点或看法,主语是I,sb要用人称代词的宾格,her,故选A。
【点评】考查物主代词与人称代词的基本用法。
3.—What do you think of my application?—I' m sorry. ________ can be accepted ________ you complete the survey.A. Everything; beforeB. Anything; sinceC. Something; tillD. Nothing; until【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——你觉得我的申请怎么样?——对不起。
中考英语语法知识总结(全)
2) some可用于疑问句中, 表示盼望得到肯定的答复, 或者表示建议, 请求等。
Would you like some bananas?
Could you give me some money?
3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时, some表示某个, any表示任何一个。
1.同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如: I am not so good a player as you are.
2.可以修饰比较级的词有: much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。
always, often, frequently, seldom, never
2
地点副词
here, nearby, outside, upwards, above
6
疑问副词
how, where, when, why
3
方式副词
hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really
Every student has strong and weak points./ Every one of us has strong and weak points.
3.none和no:
no等于not any, 作定语。none作主语或宾语, 代替不可数名词, 谓语用单数, 代替可数名词, 谓语单复数皆可以。
II.不定代词用法注意点:
1.one, some与any:
1) one可以泛指任何人, 也可特指, 复数为ones。some多用于肯定句, any多用于疑问句和否定句。
中考英语代词知识点总结(最新整理)
专题二代词知考点一.人称代词、物主代词与反身代词1. 各人称的不同代词形式一览表知 识 清 单重点考点清单当于“of+名词所有格”,表示带有部分概念 或有一定的感情色彩。
(3) 反身代词: ① 反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语或是同位语。
② 反身代词的固定搭配有: help oneself to 随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 by oneself 单独地 teach oneself 自学 hurt oneself 伤害某人 for oneself 为自己, 亲自 lose oneself 失去自我learn by oneself 自学 in itself 本质上 二、不定代词1. 普通的不定代词 (1) 常见的普通不定代词的含义及用法2. 用法(1)人称代词:① 人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。
② 人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词和介词的宾语或表语。
③ 几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是:单数形式(二、三、一)you ,he/she and I ;复数形式(一、二、三)we ,you and they 。
(2) 物主代词:① 形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词,放在名词的前面,一般不单独使用。
② 名词性物主代词不需要加名词,它相当于一个形容词性物主代词+一个名词。
③ 名词性物主代词还可与 of 连用,相(2)other ,the other ,others ,the others2. 复合不定代词(2)不定代词的用法① 当指人的复合不定代词everyone,nobody 等在句子陈述部分做主语时,反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词they;当指物的复合不定代词everything,nothing 等在句子陈述部分做主语时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词it。
② 当复合不定代词something,everyone 等被形容词或else 修饰时,形容词或else 必须放在这些词的后面。
3.指示代词、one 和it 的用法((2)指示代词的用法① this/these 常用来指代离自己较近的人或物;也可以指下文要提到的事。
中考英语复习知识点——数词,代词考点
代词一人称代词1. 主格:作主语或表语作表语的情况有两种;1)在口语中,可见用宾格:It’s me.2) 在正式文体中,如托福考试中,常见用主格:It is she.2. 宾格:作宾语原则:○1好事先人后己;坏事先己后人。
You, my sister and I are good students.I , my sister and you are to blame.○2介绍按辈分从高到低(长辈-自己-晚辈)My family include four members: my father, my mother, I and my sister.二物主代词1. 形容词物主代词:作定语my bag2. 名词性物主代词:作主语,宾语或表语Mine (= My bag) is good.Give him mineIt’s mine.↓双重所有格:of + 名词性物主代词a photo of mine 我众多照片中的一个(我不一定在照片上)a photo of me 一张我的照片(我在照片上)of one’s own 某人自己拥有的三反身代词1. 常见搭配enjoy oneself 玩得开心help oneself to sth. [注意:help yourselves to it, children./ Help yourself to it , kid.] lose oneself in sth 专心于某事make oneself at home 别拘束teach oneself = learn sth by oneselflook after oneselfby oneself = on one’s ownbe pleased / satisfied with oneself2. 反身代词补充1)make himself a cake = make a cake for himself2) 强调用法:作同位语The president himself will chair the meeting.四指示代词1)this / these that / those在比较状语从句中,指代前文提及的对象。
第二章代词(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第二章代词思维导图一、代词的定义代词是用来代替名词或名词词组的,它的主要作用是在句子中避免名词的重复.因此,代词的使用必须和它所代替的名词在人称、数、性、格上一致.二、代词的分类在初中英语中常见的代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词和不定代词等.(一)人称代词1.人称代词的分类人称代词是指人的代词,表示“我”“你”“他”“她”“它”“我们”“你们”或“他们”等.人称代词有人称、数和格的变化.2.人称代词的句法功能(1)主格人称代词在句中作主语.She is as intelligent as he(is).她像他一样聪明.(2)宾格人称代词在句中作动词宾语或介词宾语.We often go to see her on Saturdays.我们常在星期六去看她.It is a waste of time your talking to him.跟他谈话是白白浪费时间.(3)人称代词作表语时一般用宾格,但在比较正式的场合用主格.-Who is it?谁呀?-It's me.是我.(非正式)-It is I.是我.(正式)(4)人称代词用于as和than之后,如果as和than用作介词,往往用宾格;如果as和than用作连词,则往往用主格.She reads faster than he.她读得比他快些.I am a good student as him.我和他一样是个好学生.(5)we, you, they有时可用来泛指一般人.We/You should keep calm even when we/you are in danger.即使在危急时刻也要保持冷静.They say there is going to be trouble.人们说要有麻烦了.点拨(6)it的用法.①用来指代上文提到过的事物.-What do you think of the movie?你觉得这部电影怎么样?-Great! I like it very much.棒极了!我非常喜欢它.②用来指代时间、地点、距离、天气、温度等.It's eight o'clock now.(指时间)现在是8点钟.③用来指代婴儿或不明确的人.The baby is crying. It might be hungry.宝宝在哭,它可能饿了.④作形式主语或形式宾语Did you find it very interesting to play football?你有没有发现踢足球很有趣?3.人称代词的排列顺序几个人称代词同时作主语时,排列次序一般为:you and I; you and he(she); you, she(he) and I; we and you; we and they; we, you and they.You, he and I should help each other.我、你、他应该互相帮助.She and I are of the same age.我和她同岁.但在承认错误时,I放在其他人前面表示勇于承认错误.I and my brother made the mistake.我和兄弟犯了这个错误.(二)物主代词1.物主代词的分类表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词,物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种.2.形容词性物主代词的用法(1)形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特征,在句中用作定语,后面接名词.Our school is not far from here.我们学校离这儿不远.(2)英语中表示身体所有的或随身携带的物主代词一般不可省略,而汉语中有时可以省略.He put on his hat and left.他戴上帽子就走了.(3)形容词性物主代词与own连用时表示强调.I saw it with my own eyes.那是我亲眼看见的.(4)下面结构中,必须要用定冠词the代替形容词性物主代词(不可用物主代词).touch sb. on the head 摸某人的头hit sb. on the head 打某人的头hit sb. on the nose打某人的鼻子strike/hit sb. in the face/chest 打某人的脸/胸部take/catch/pull/sb. by the head/arm抓住某人的头/手3.名词性物主代词的用法名词性物主代词具有名词的特征,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语.它还可以构成“a/an/this/that/some/no+名词+of+名词性物主代词”句型,在这个句型中,名词性物主代词在句中作定语.(1)作主语.Ours is the best team in the league.我们的队在联赛中是最强的队.Our room is on the first floor and yours(theirs) is on the second.我们的房间在一楼,你们的(他们的)在二楼.(2)作表语.The books over there are not mine. They are hers.那边的书不是我的,是她的.Whose jacket is this? It's hers.这是谁的上衣?这是她的.(3)作宾语.You may have my pen, I'll have his.你可以用我的钢笔,我用他的.I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours.我的字典丢了,请把你的借给我.(4)名词性物主代词与of连用可做定语.That son of hers is very naughty.她的那个儿子很淘气.This painting of his is well painted.他的这幅画画得很好.(三)指示代词英语中用来表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等指示概念的代词称为指示代词.常见的指示代词有this, that, these, those, such, same等.1.this,that,these,those的用法;在句中可作主语、宾语、定语或表语(1)作主语.This is my doll. That is Mary's.这是我的洋娃娃,那是玛丽的.Those are his books.那些是他的书.(2)作宾语.Do you like these?你喜欢这些吗?We should always keep this in mind.我们应当永远记住这一点.(3)作定语.I want this radio.我要这台收音机.We are busy these days,这些日子我们很忙.This magazine is about Chinese poetry.这本杂志是关于中国诗歌的.(4)作表语.Oh, it's not that.噢,不是那样的.What I want is this(that).我要的是这个(那个).2.this(these)和that(those)的用法区别(1)this(的复数形式是these),是指时间上或空间上离说话人较近的人或物. that(复数形式是those),是指在时间上或空间上离说话人较远的人或物.This is Mr. Smith and that is Mr. Black.这位是史密斯先生,那位是布莱克先生.These are jeeps. Those are trucks.这些是吉普车,那些是卡车.(2)that/those有时用来代替前面说过的名词,以避免重复.The weather in Shanghai is not so cold as that(=the weather) in Beijing.上海的天气没有北京那么冷.City people stand closer than those who live in the country.城里人比那些住在乡村的人彼此站得更靠近.(3)that/those指前面讲过的事物,this/these指下面要讲的事物.I had a bad cold. That's why I didn't come.我得了重感冒,所以没来.This is the latest news from the United States.下面是来自美国的最新消息.3.such的用法指示代词such表示“如此的,如此的事物”,具有名词和形容词的性质,在句子中可用作主语、定语、表语、宾语等.(1)作主语.Such is life.生活就是这样.Such is our study plan.这就是我们的学习计划.Such were his words.这就是他讲的话.(2)作定语.I don't like such a book.我不喜欢这样的书.Such water is quite clean.这样的水很干净.点拨such作定语时,它所修饰的名词之前如有不定冠词,这个不定冠词应放在such之后.如:such a play, such a book(3)作表语.The birds were such as I never saw before.这样的鸟,我从未见过.The problems are such that we can't solve by ourselves.这样的问题,我们自己是解决不了的.(4)作宾语Take from the drawer such as you need.你需要什么,就从抽屉里拿吧.If you act like a child, you will be treated as such.你要是这样孩子气,人家就把你当孩子看待了.4.same的用法same(同样的)也是指示代词,使用时same之前必须用定冠词the.它也具有名词和形容词的性质,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等.(1)作主语.The same can be said of the other article.另一篇文章也是同样情况.The same happened to me.我也发生了同样的情况.(2)作宾语.She went to swim and I did the same.她去游泳,我也去了.Whatever I did, he tried to do the same.无论我做什么,他也想跟着做什么.(3)作表语.His name and mine are the same.他和我同名.Our ideas are exactly the same.我们的想法完全一个样.(4)作定语.The students are doing the same thing.学生们在做同样的事情.(5)作状语.Thank you all the same.我还是要谢谢你.(四)反身代词1.反身代词的分类反身代词是表示动作回到其执行者本身或是强调代词或名词的一组代词.反身代词是由人称代词第一人称和第二人称的形容词性物主代词和第三人称的宾格加“-self”或“-selves”构成.列表如下:2.反身代词的用法(1)作表语.She will be herself again in no time.她很快就会好的.That poor boy was myself.那可怜的孩子就是我.(2)作宾语.Did they enjoy themselves last Sunday?他们上个星期天玩得高兴吗?Make yourself at home.别客气,就像在家一样.(3)作主语或宾语的同位语.在作同位语时,反身代词多可译为“本人”(或“本身”).但有时为了加强语气,常译为“自己”或“亲自”.起强调作用时,反身代词可以放在被强调词之后,也可以放在句末.Nobody taught him drawing. He learned it himself. 没有人教他绘画,他是自学的.You'd better ask the teacher yourself (himself).你最好亲自问老师.(你最好问老师本人.)Our guide buys some food from the villagers and we cook it ourselves.我们的向导从村民那里买来一些食物,我们自己烹调.3.反身代词的用法(1)反身代词用来加强语气.反身代词用于强调时,经常做主语或者宾语的同位语,一般放在所强调的名词或代词后面,如果不影响理解,做同位语的反身代词的位置也可以灵活处理.Peter himself closed the window.(=Peter closed the window himself.)彼得亲自关上了窗户.(2)反身代词用于固定搭配中.in oneself本身,本质上of oneself 独自to oneself供自己用between ourselves 私下说的话(不可告诉别人)for oneself替自己,为自己amuse oneself自娱excuse oneself自我辩解call oneself自称help oneself to 随便吃enjoy oneself过得很快活teach oneself自学speak to oneself自言自语devote oneself to 献身于lose oneself=lose one's way 迷路make oneself understood 让别人懂自己的意思seat oneself=sit down=be seated坐下(五)相互代词1.用来表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词英语中相互代词只有each other和one another两个,意为“相互,互相”.each other主要用于两者之间,one another主要用于三者或三者以上之间.但在现代英语中常可通用.宾格所有格each other 相互each other's相互的one another 相互one another's相互的2.相互代词的用法(1)作动词的宾语.The two girls help each other in their lessons.这两个女孩在功课上互相帮助.They saw each other every day.他们每天相见.(2)作介词的宾语.They looked at each other.他们互相看着.You two should learn from each other.你们两人应互相学习.(3)相互代词的所有格形式只能作定语.They looked into each other's (one another's) eyes for a long time.他们彼此对视了很长时间.They know each other's parents.他们都认识对方的父母.(六)疑问代词1.疑问代词是指用来构成特殊疑问句的代词常见的有who, whom, whose, what, which. who常用作主语和表语,whom作宾语,whose, what, which可用作主语、表语、宾语或定语.疑问代词还可用来引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句,所以它们又可称为连接代词.疑问代词有格的变化,还有指人和指物的区别.2.疑问代词的用法(1)who ,whom的用法.who只能指人,常作主语和表语,只有名词性质.在非正式英文和口语中,who可以代替whom,但介词后面要用whom; whom也指人,常用作宾语,也只有名词性质.Who would you like to go with?你想和谁一起去?Who are you looking for?你在找谁?By whom was the house built?这房子是谁建的?Who(Whom)are you waiting for?你在等谁?Who (Whom) did you go to the movie with?你同谁一起去看电影的?(2)whose的用法.whose和物主代词一样,具有名词和形容词的性质,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语.Whose is better?谁的好一些?Whose is this?这是谁的?Whose are you going to borrow?你准备借谁的?Whose room is this?这是谁的房间?(3)what的用法.what表示“什么(人或物)”,可用作单数和复数,具有名词和形容词性质,作主语、宾语、表语和定语等.What is happening now?发生什么事了?What do you usually do on Sundays?你星期天通常做什么?What would you like to buy?你想买点什么东西?What's your father?你父亲是干什么的?What time do you usually get up?你通常几点钟起床?点拨what可用来指人的职业;what可用于感叹句;what与like连用表示“······怎么样”如:What is your sister? She is a doctor.你姐姐是干什么的?她是一名医生.What does your father do? He is an engineer.你父亲是做什么工作的?他是一名工程师.What a fine day today!今天天气真好啊!What a pretty girl she is!她真是个美丽的女孩!What is the weather like today?今天天气如何?(4)which的用法.which表示“在一定范围内的哪一个(哪一些)人或物”,可用作单数和复数,具有名词和形容词的性质,用作主语、定语、宾语等.Which is yours?哪一个是你的?(主语)Which sport do you like best?你最喜欢哪一项运动?(定语)Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你喜欢哪种,茶还是咖啡?(宾语)点拨(1)who, what, which作表语(指人)时的区别:who问人的身份,多指姓名、关系.what问人的职业.which问在一定范围内的人群中特指的人.(2)what和which作定语时的区别:what指“什么”“哪种”,不限制范围.which指在相当数目中的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定范围内.(3)疑问代词作主语时,后面的谓语动词可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式,主要看代表的人或物是单数还是复数.(七)不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词(或形容词)的代词叫做不定代词.不定代词有:some一些(可数或不可数) somebody某人someone某人something某物,某事any一些,任何anybody任何人anyone任何人anything任何事物no无nobody无人no one无一人nothing无物all全体,全部both两个neither两者都不none没有人或物either(两者中)任何一个each每个every每个everybody每人,大家,人人everyone每人everything每一个事物,一切other(s)另一个(些) another另外一个,又一个much很多(不可数) many很多(可数) few很少(可数)a few一些,几个(可数) little很少(不可数) a little一些(不可数)one一个(人或物)不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some, any, no, every 和-thing,-body,-one构成的复合不定代词(如somebody等)只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语.1.some的用法(1)some通常指不定数量“一些”,修饰或代替可数名词复数或不可数名词,既可指人,又可指物.常用在肯定句中.There are some animals on the island.这个岛上有一些动物.Give me some water, please.请给我一些水.(2)some也可用在“请求、建议、反问”等含义的疑问句中,以期得到肯定的回答.Didn't he give you some books?难道他没有给你一些书?(3)some有时可修饰可数名词单数,表示“某个”.This morning, some boy asked for you.今天上午,有个男孩要求见你.(4)some也可修饰数词,表示“大约”.It took me some twenty days to get there.我大约花了20天时间才到达那里.2.any的用法(1)不定代词any和some一样表示不定数量“一些”,修饰和代替可数名词复数和不可数名词,既可指人又可指物.但一般用在否定句、疑问句、条件从句中.Do you have any questions? If you have any, don't hesitate to ask me.你有什么问题吗?如果你有问题的话,尽管问我好了.There isn't any tea left. I'll go and make some for you.没有茶了,我去给你泡一些.(2)用于肯定句中,表示“任何一个”,修饰可数名词单数和不可数名词.You can buy this book at any bookstore in our city.你可以在我们市里任何一家书店买到这本书.Any child can answer that question.任何一个小孩都能回答那个问题.3.no的用法(1)不定代词no只有形容词性质,一般作定语来构成否定句,表示“不是”“没有”.She knows no English.(=She doesn't know English at all.)她根本不懂英语.He has no brothers.(=He doesn't have any brothers.)他没有兄弟.(no等于not any)(2)用于警告、命令等.No Parking!禁止停车!(3)修饰表语时,有特殊的意思.试比较:I am no teacher.我不善于教书.I am not a teacher.我不是教师.4.none的用法none只具有名词性质,可以代替人和事物,表示“三者(以上)都不”“没有一个人(一件事物)······”.作主语时,如果谈到的是所有人的情况,动词多用复数形式;如果谈每个人的状况,则多用单数形式.None of us are/is afraid of difficulties.我们谁也不怕困难.None of them has a bike.他们谁也没有自行车.None of the machines is/are working.这些机器都不能工作.We none of us can sing this song.我们中没人能唱这支歌.点拨5.both的用法both表示“两者都”,具有名词和形容词的性质,可作主语、宾语、同位语和定语.作主语时谓语动词用复数.Both would like to have a try.两人都想试一试.(作主语)We asked both to put forward their suggestions.我们要两人都提出建议.(作宾语)Give us some bread. We both want to try a bit.给我们一些面包.我们俩都想尝尝.(同位语)Both men were interested in the job.两个人都对这项工作感兴趣.(作定语)点拨(1)both后常跟短语,其后用复数名词或代词,后接复数名词时of常省略,后接复数代词时of则不省略. Both(of)the films were very good.两部电影都很好.点拨(2)相当于名词时,在句中还用作同位语,与复数名词或复数代词同位.在句中的位置取决于谓语动词的形式.作主语同位语时,如谓语为完全动词(包括用作完全动词的have),both位于主语之后、谓语动词之前.We both had a haircut.我俩都理了发.(3)如谓语部分为系表结构,both则位于连系动词之后和表语之前.The children were both too young.这两个孩子都太小了.(4)如谓语是含有助动词或情态动词的动词短语,both则位于助动词或情态动词之后.My parents have both been invited.我父母都受到了邀请.You must both come over some evening.你俩一定要找个晚上过来坐车.(5)作宾语同位语时,位于宾语之后.They told us both to wait.他们告诉我俩都等一等.I've met them both before.我以前见过他俩.6.all的用法(1)当all作主语时,代表三个以上的人,谓语动词用复数形式;指事物或情况时,往往表示“一切”“所有的”的意思,常被看作单数,谓语动词用单数形式.当all作定语时,既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词.all具有名词和形容词性质,常表示“全体”“所有的”“一切”的意思;在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语或状语.All are here.大家都到了.(主语,all指人)All is known.一切都明白了.(主语,all指事物,不可数)She has told me all about it.她把一切都告诉我了.(作宾语)Is that all you can help me?这就是你能帮助我做的事吗?(表语)All the apples in that box are rotten.那箱子里所有的苹果都烂了.(定语)They have all gone to America.他们全都到美国去了.(同位语)He is all excited.他非常激动.(作状语,加强语气)(2)当all用作主语时,如果后面跟有人称代词,须在它们之间加上of;如果后面跟的是名词,它们之间可加of,也可不加.All of them are from Beijing.他们全都是北京人.(them为人称代词,of不能省略)All(of)the books are here.所有的书都在这儿.(books为名词,of可省略)(3)当all作同位语时,它在句中的位置随谓语动词而定.当谓语动词是实义动词时,all放在动词前面;谓语动词是be时,all放在be后面;谓语动词是由情态动词或助动词加实义动词组成时,all放在它们之间.They all know the answer.他们都知道这答案.They are all students.他们都是学生.You can all go home.你们都可以回家了.(4)当all用作人称代词宾语的同位语时,all放在宾语后面.如:you all, them all, us all.I'll have to think them all again.我得将它们重新考虑一次.7.each的用法each具有名词和形容词性质,指每个人或事物的个别情况,相当于汉语的“各个”.在句中可用作主语、定语、宾语和同位语.Each of the boys has a bike.每个男孩都有一辆自行车.(作主语,强调个体,每一个).There are flowers on each side of the river.河两岸都是花.(作定语)Two men came and I gave a book to each.两个人来了,我给他们每人一本书.(作宾语) The teacher gave the pupils four textbooks each.教师给每个学生四本教科书.(作同位语) We each have a new schoolbag now.现在我们每人都有一个新书包.(作同位语)好题精练一、用所给的汉语提示填空1.We want__________ (他们)to help us.2.This is__________ (我的)book. That is__________ (你的).3.This doesn't look like__________ (我的)dictionary, it must be__________ (你的).4. __________ (他)often helps__________ (我们)with__________ (我们的)lessons.5.Is this book__________ (你的)?No, it's not__________ (我的).It's__________ (她的).6.I'll work out the problem__________ (我自己).7.Who are__________ (他们)? __________ (他们)are__________ (我们的)new classmates.8. __________ (她)is very honest. __________ (我们)may depend on__________ (她)9.These books are very important to__________ (我).10. __________ (我父亲)goes to work by bus every day.答案:1.them2.my,yours3.my,yours4.He,us,our5.yours,mine,hers6.myself7.they,They,our8.She,We,her9.me 10.My father二、选择括号中适当的词填空1. __________ of them knows Japanese.(Neither, Both)2.We study Chinese, English, maths and__________ subjects.(the others, other)3.Don't hurry. There is__________ time left.(little, a little)4.“Is there__________ wrong with your bike?"“Yes, there is__________ wrong with it."(something, anything)5.I don't like this one. Please give me__________.(another, other)6.(He, His, Her)name is Jack. __________ (She, He, His) is a cook.7.He's invited to__________ parties.(a lot of, lots)8.This box is heavier than that__________.(one, ones)9.We must get__________ ready before setting off.(everything, anything)10. __________ of us is afraid of difficulties.(None, All)11.Do you mind if I ask you__________ questions?(few, a few)12.There are many trees on__________ sides of the street in Beijing.(all, both)13.Would you like__________ tea or coffee?(some, any)14.Did they spend__________ money on their trip to Hangzhou?(many, much)15.There's__________ wrong with you, but I'm afraid you're eating too(anything, nothing; many, much)16.Please show__________ (me, I, mine) the way.17.Which of__________ shirts are Tom's?(these, this, that)18.Did__________ ask for me when I was out?(somebody, anybody)19.She's very popular. __________ likes her.(Someone, Everyone)20.“It's going to snow,” the old woman said to__________.(her, herself, hers)答案:1.Neither2.other3.a little4.anything, something5.another6.His,He7.a lot of8.one9.everything 10.None11.a few 12.both 13.some 14.much 15.nothing,much16.me 17.these 18.anybody 19.Everyone 20.herself三、选择填空1. __________ is no use telling him about it.A. TheseB. ThoseC. ItD. They2.We have__________ work to do.A. manyB. a fewC. a lot of D .any3.-How about these two films?-__________ of them are very interesting.A. NeitherB. EitherC. AllD. Both4.The sentence__________ is wrong.A. himselfB. herselfC. itselfD. it5.Is there__________ in today's newspaper?A. anything interestingB. interesting anythingC. something interestingD. interesting something6. __________ like music.A. Both of chem.B. Both of theyC. The both girlsD. Both them7.-What would you like to have, tea or milk?-__________.I'd like to have a glass of water.A. EachB. NeitherC. EitherD. Both8.Mary has made__________ Chinese friends since she came to Beijing.A. a fewB. a littleC. a lotD. lots9. __________ do you like best, bread, rice or noodles?A. WhatB. WhichC. WhoD. Whom10." __________ came to see you yesterday afternoon.”“Who was__________?”A. Somebody; heB. Somebody; sheC. Somebody; itD. Anybody; the one11.I asked her for__________ ink, but she did not have__________.A. any; someB. any; anyC. some; anyD. some; some12. __________ of us went to the Summer Palace except Lin Tao.A. SomeB. EitherC. AllD. Every13.of us has read the story.A. SomeB. BothC. AllD. None14.Our teacher asked us to be strict with__________ in English study.A. oursB. ourC. ourselvesD. oneselves15.Everyone should do__________ best.A. itsB. onesC. theirD. his16. __________ work is heavy, but__________ is heavier than__________A. Our; their; ourB. Our; theirs; oursC. Ours; theirs; ourD. Our; their; ours17.Except Mrs. Lee and__________, no one was old in the waiting room.A. hisB. herC.ID. she18. __________ is a close friend of__________ aunt's.A. She; mineB. Her; mineC. She; myD. Hers; my19.None of us saw how it happened, so we had to ask the boy__________ about his good deeds. But he just gave usa smile.A. himB. himselfC. his ownD. his20.He is a good student. But__________ on hand, he is in poor health.A. otherB. the otherC. other'sD. others 答案:1-5CCDCA 6-10ABABC 11-15CCDCD 16-20BBCBB。
中考英语总结考点--代词概述与人称代词总结
中考英语总结考点--代词概述与人称代词总结一、代词概述代词用于代替前面提过的名词如:I 我, you你,it它;my我的, your你的, his他的;this 这个,that那个1、代词的分类■人称代词- 指代人、动物和事物如: I 我, you你,it它■物主代词- 表所有关系如:my 我的,your你的,his他的■指示代词- 表指示概念如:this这个,that那个,these这些■反身代词- 表某人自己或某物自己如:myself我自己,yourself你自己,himself他自己■相互代词- 表相互关系如: each other 互相,彼此■不定代词- 不指名代替特定的名词如:somebody某人,all 所有,every每个■疑问代词- 表疑问如: what什么,who谁,which那个■关系代词- 用于引导从句如: that, which, who二、人称代词人称代词是指代人、动物和事物的词。
人称代词表示:我你他她它我们你们他们它们。
1、人称代词的分类:注:人称代词所有格又称物主代词,详见【物主代词】讲解。
2、人称代词的主格用法■作主语I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。
We like playing football. 我们喜欢踢足球。
You are late. 你迟到了。
He is watching TV. 他在看电视。
She goes to school by bike. 她骑自行车去上学。
It likes fish. 它喜欢鱼。
They are just kids. 他们还只是孩子。
■作主语补语The hero in the movie is he. 电影中的英雄是他。
(作主语hero的补语,须用主格he)。
Amy was taken to be I.艾米被误认为是我。
(Amy—主语,I—主语补语)The best woman for the job is she.最适合这份工作的女士是她。
中考英语代词知识点全解,必须掌握!
中考英语代词知识点全解,必须掌握!中考考点归纳1.名词性的物主代词,后面不能加名词,相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词。
常作主语和宾语。
如:This car is mine= This is my car.名词性的物主代词常与of 连用,相当于“of+名词所有格” 如:This is a friend of mine.2.含有形容性物主代词的固定搭配all one’s life (一生,终生) change one’s mind (改变想法、主意)do one’s best (尽力) do one’s homework (做作业)lose one’s life (丧生) make up one’s mind (下决心决定)on one’s way to (在某人去……的路上) take one’s time (不急,慢慢干)to one’s surprise (使某人惊奇的是……) with one’s help (在某人的帮助下)to one’s relief (使某人放松的是--)one’s own +名词My own house = a house of my own3. 反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。
1) 作宾语: 表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
Would you please express yourself in English?2) 作表语:The girl in the news is myself.3) 作主语或宾语的同位语: 表示亲自或本人。
You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)4) 含有反身代词的固定搭配all by oneself (独自地、孤独地) enjoy oneself (玩得开心,过得愉快)teach oneself 自学 hurt oneself 伤到自己dress oneself (自己穿衣服) say to oneself 自言自语leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 say to oneself 自言自语lose oneself in--沉迷于--- come to oneself 苏醒5) it 中考考点运用总结1.it作为人称代词时,可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等。
中考英语知识点代词总结
中考英语知识点代词总结一、代词的分类代词根据其在句子中所起的作用和指代的内容可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词、连接代词等几种类型。
1. 人称代词人称代词根据其所指的人称的不同可以分为主格、宾格和物主形式。
主格人称代词作主语,宾格人称代词作宾语,而物主代词则表示所属关系。
主格:I, you, he, she, it, we, they宾格:me, you, him, her, it, us, them物主代词:my/mine, your/yours, his, her/hers, its, our/ours, their/theirs2. 物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词用在名词前修饰名词,而名词性物主代词则直接代替名词。
形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3. 反身代词反身代词用来指代动作的执行者与动作的承受者是同一人或同一事物,表示主语指向主语本身。
反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves4. 指示代词指示代词用来指示人、事、物或概念,分为近指和远指。
近指代词:this, these远指代词:that, those5. 疑问代词疑问代词用来引导疑问句,提问人或事物的身份、数量、性质等,常用于特殊疑问句中。
疑问代词:who, whom, whose, what, which6. 不定代词不定代词用来代替泛指或不确定的人、事或物,常用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句等中。
不定代词:some, any, no, every, each, all, both, either, neither, other, another, few, several, many, much, a little, a few, a lot of, lots of, some, any, none, every, all, both, either, neither7. 连接代词连接代词用来连接两个句子或从句,引导定语从句或状语从句。
中考英语语法专项之有关代词的考点
who 意为“谁”,对人提问,多作主语
可作主语、宾语
whom 意为“谁”,对人提问,用作宾语
可作宾语
whose 意为“谁的”,询问所属关系 whose
可作表语、定语
五、疑问代词
如: What is that? 那是什么?(作表语) Which sport do you like better, swimming or running? 游泳和跑步,你更喜欢哪项运动?(作定语,有范围限制)
二、物主代词
1. 物主代词的用法
(1) 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,用于名词前作定语,一般不单独使用。如: My books are on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。 (2) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,起名词的作用,在句中可以作主语、宾 语和表语,后不再加名词。如: Look at the two pens. The red one is yours and the blue one is mine. 看那两支铅笔,那支红色的铅笔是你的,那支蓝色的铅笔是我的。
考点 否定 few(几乎没有)
肯定 a few (一些)
用法 little (几乎没有) a little (一点儿)
四、不定代词--普通不定代词
1. 普通不定代词的用法
(4) one与ones
考点
用法
one 指代上文提到的同类人或事物中的一个,同类不同物,表单数意义
ones 指代上文提到的同类人或事物中的
neither 意为“两者都不”,另作副词时,可以和 nor 搭配
both 意为“两个都”,可以和 and 搭配
all
意为“所有”,适用于三者或三者以上的人或物
none 意为“没有一个”,适用于三者或三者以上的人或物
中考英语代词语法知识汇总(完整版)
中考英语代词语法知识汇总【名师精讲9类代词用法,值得下载学习】代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等。
1、人称代词:人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。
I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物)Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?)Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?)It’s he!(是他!)(2)宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。
Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) Help me!(救救我!)We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信)(3)人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as 之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。
–It’s I/me.(是我。
)(4)三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。
Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班)–Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?)–You and me.(你和我)(5)人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。
--What’s the time?(几点啦?)–It’s 12:00.(12点)It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路)It took him three days to clean his house..(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间)It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空)2、物主代词:说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词名词。
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xx代词考点梳理代词在历年中考试题中的出现频率很高,属于是典型的“小题要大做”。
中考代词常见的考点分布在对人称代词、物主代词、指示代词和反身代词等知识点的考查上,对不定代词的考查更是重中之重。
下面以近几年中考真题为例,对代词的考查热点进行分析归纳,供大家复习参考。
一:对人称代词主格与宾格的考查英语中的人称代词既有不同的人称,还有主格、宾格以及单复数形式的变化。
一般来说,人称代词在句中作主语时要用主格,作宾语时用宾格。
【xx例题】1. (2020龙岩) These are ______ coats. Can you look after ______ for me?A. my; them B. I; they C. me; them D. mine; they2. (2020凉州)—Is the man who is singing your teacher?—Yes, he teaches ______ physics.A. weB. ourC. oursD. usD. our; her D. Her3. (2020泰州) Mr. Hu teaches ______ English. We all like ______.A. our; himA. HeB. us; himB. SheC. us; herC. His4. (2020重庆A) Aunt Tina will visit us soon. ______ is arriving tomorrow morning.二:对物主代词的考查物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,一般放在名词前作定语,可与形容词own连用表示强调;名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中用作主语、宾语或表语,并可与of连用,构成双重所有格,但不能用作定语。
注意:一些固定结构中常用定冠词,不用物主代词。
例如:take sb. by the arm“抓住某人的胳膊”;pat sb. on the shoulder“拍某人的肩膀”;hit sb. on the h ead / in the face“打某人的头/脸”。
【xx例题】5. (2020资阳)—Sally, may I use your iPad? ______ is broken.—OK, here you are.A. YourA. youB. YoursB. yourC. MineD. My D. yourself6. (2020广安)—I can’t find my ruler. May I use ______?—Of course. Here you are.C. yours7. (2020南充)—What’s ______ name?—______ is Eric.A. his; HeB. his; HisB. your; ourC. he; HisD. he; HeD. your; ours8. (2020黄冈)—Is this ______ football, boys?—No, it is not ______.A. yours; ours C. yours; our三:对反身代词的考查反身代词是表示“我(们)自己”、“你(们)自己”、“他/她/它(们)自己”等的代词。
反身代词必须要与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致。
反身代词有单复数和人称的变化,在句中可用作宾语、表语或同位语。
常见的反身代词构成的固定搭配有:enjoy oneselfmake oneself at homehelp oneself to sth.learn… by oneself introdu ce oneselfexpress oneselflook after oneselfteach oneselfdress oneself come to oneselfleave sb. by oneself lose oneself in…【xx例题】9. (2020连云港)—I’m afraid I won’t pass the exam.—Come on, Bill. You should believe in ______. That’s the secret of su ccess.A. myself B. ourselves C. yourself D. yourselves10. (2020陕西)Don’t worry. We’re old enough to look after ______.A. myselfB. meC. ourselvesD. us11.(2020广州)The man called his professor for help because he couldn’t solve the problem by ______.A. herselfB. himselfC. yourselfD. themselves12. (2020陕西) It’s very important for us to learn how to learn by ______.A. ourselves B. itself C. myself D. themselves 四:对替代词it / they / them / one(s) / the one(s) / that / those的考查it特指前文中提到过的同一事物,可指代不可数名词或可数名词单数。
they 和them为其复数形式。
it还可指代时间、距离、金钱、自然现象等。
one相当于“a / an +可数名词单数”,表示泛指同类人或物中的某一个。
ones 为其复数形式,所替代的是同名异物,表示泛指。
the one指代前面出现过的可数名词单数,表示特指,相当于“the +可数名词单数”。
the ones为其复数形式。
that多用于两者进行比较时,为了避免重复,用来替代上文中的可数名词单数或不可数名词,其后通常有限定词修饰。
当名词为可数名词单数时,可与the one互换。
此外,在打电话时,通常用this指代自己,用that指代对方。
those相当于the ones,特指前面出现过的可数名词复数,相当于“the +复数名词”。
【xx例题】13. (2020广东)—Hello, Linda speaking. Who’s ______?—Hello. This is Martin.A. he B. one C. that D. this14. (2020鞍山)—What kind of house would you like?—I’d like ______ with a garden in front of ______.A. it; oneB. one; oneC. one; itD. it; it15. (2020乌鲁木齐) Your new backpack is so nice. I want to buy ______, too.A. one B. it C. that D. this 16. (2020菏泽) When we got to the park yesterday, ______ started raining.A. that B. it C. this D. one 五:对all / both / either / neither / none等不定代词的考查all表示“三者或三者以上都”;both表示“两者都”;none与all相反,表示“三者或三者以上都不”;neither与both相反,表示“两者之中任何一个都不”。
either表示“两者之中任何一个”,可以和of连用。
none表示全部否定,而all / both与not连用通常表示部分否定。
【xx例题】me.A. eitherB. bothC. otherD. all19.(2020温州)—Mom,what would you like,coffee or tea?—______.Just water,please.17. (2020重庆A)Jiefangbei is not far from Chaotianmen. You can easily visit____ in aA. each B. none C. both D. neither day.18. (2020杭州) Unfortunately, I was sitting at the table with smokers on ______ side ofA. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None20. (2020陕西)—Which of the two subjects do you like, art or music?—______. They are really interesting.A. NeitherB. BothC. NoneD. All21. (2020苏州)—Could you come this Saturday afternoon or this Sunday morning?—______ is OK. I’m free this weekend.A. AllB. BothC. NoneD. Either 六:对another / other / others / the other / the others等不定代词的考查other表示“其它的、另外的”,只与可数名词复数连用,有时可与some连用,构成“some other +名词”结构;the other可单独使用,表示“两者中的另一个”,用于特指;another表示“(三者或以上中的)任意的另一个”;“another +可数名词单数”结构指“(三者或以上中的)另外一个”,用于泛指;“other +可数名词复数”结构相当于others;others和some可构成搭配“some…others…”;“the other +可数名词复数”结构相当于the others,表示“其余所有的人或物”,用于特指。
【xx例题】22. (2020滨州)—I still want to drink something. May I have ______ cup of juice?—Certainly. Here you are.A. otherA. otherB. moreC. anotherC. eachD. else D. every23. (2020安徽) We can’t do it that way—but whether it will work is ______ matter.B. another24. (2020福州)—Shall we meet at 8 o’clock next Sunday morning?—I won’t be free then.Let’s make it ______ day.A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. others25. (2020青海)—Do you keep a pet?—Yes. I have two dogs. One is white, ______ is black.A. otherB. the otherC. anotherD. others【注意】“形容词或副词的比较级+ than +any other +可数名词单数”,“形容词或副词的比较级+than +any of the other +可数名词复数”,“形容词或副词的比较级+than +the others /any of the others”,这三个结构表示“比同一范围中的任何一个人或物都……”,如果比较的双方不属于同一类别或范围,句中则不用other(s)。