不定代词

不定代词

一、什么叫不定代词？

不定代词含义数量关系作定语时名词的数作主语时谓语的数both 两者都等于2 复数复数

either 两者中任何一个等于2 单数单数

neither 两者都不等于2 单数单数

all 三者或三者以上都大于或等于3 单数或复数单数或复数

none 三者或三者以上都不大于或等于3 单数或复数单数或复数

each 每一个大于或等于2 单数单数

every 每一个大于或等于3 单数单数

二、弄清下列区别：

1.All（三者或三者以上全部)/Any(三者或三者以上任何一个)/None(三者或三者以上无一个) Both(二者都) / Either(两者中任何一个) / Neither(二者中任何一个都不)

2.Every(大于或等于3)：强调整体，只能作定语,不能单独作主语或宾语，但可以修饰单数可数名词，或构成复合不定代词;everyone, everybody等。

Each(大于或等于2)：强调个体，可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。

On both sides of the street= On each/either side of the street.

Each of us has a dictionary.= We _____ have a dictionary.

Each of the 2 has won a prize.

Every one has strong and weak points.

I have 5 friends in my hometown. I wrote a letter to each of them yesterday.

_______ one of us will try his best to finish the work.

We must make good use of _________ minute.

3. s ome(“一些",修饰可数名词或不可数名词)--------一般用于肯定句中。

a ny(“一些",修饰可数名词或不可数名词)---------一般用于否定句、疑问句或if条件从句中。Eg. The teacher asked us if we had____________questions.

注意：some也可以用于疑问句中，表示：

(1)期望对方给予肯定的回答。Have you got ____________tickets for the concert?

(2)表示“邀请、请求”。Would you like____________tea?

(3)表示“劝告或建议”的反问句中。

而any也可以用于肯定句中，表示：“任何一个,随便哪一”。You may come at ____time.

4.none of----“----中没有一个人或物”(后面往往有一个特定的范围）

no one-----“没有人”= Nobody.(单独使用，后面不接of短语）

注意: none用来回答以"How many/much---?"开头的疑问句;

no one用来回答以"Who---?"开头的疑问句;

nothing用来回答以"What----?"开头的疑问句。

---How many books are there on the desk? ---_________________

. ---Who is in the classroom? --- __________

-- -What's in the box? --- ___________________

I wanted some thread but there was ______in the drawer.

A. none

B. nothing

C. no one

D. not thing

5. other-----泛指，“其他的、别的”：

other boys/students /money/no other way/every other day /some other reason/any other plant

another-----泛指，“三个或三个以上中的另一个，再一个”

others---泛指，“另外一些”

the others--- 特指，“其余所有的人或物”

the other--- 特指，两者中的另一个，或两部分中的另一部分。

Some will visit the Summer Palace, ______will visit the Great Wall.

Some are carrying water, ______are watering the trees.

He studies harder than any______student in his class.

China is bigger than any _____________country in Asia.

比较：China is bigger than any____________country in Africa.

I have 2 brothers. One is a doctor, ________is a professor.

I have ____________question to ask.

I don't like this pen. Please show me __________.

They asked us to stay for ________few days.

He goes swimming every_________day.

There is no _________way to do it.

Three comrades spoke at the meeting. One was a doctor, __________was a peasant, and the third was a PLA man.

6. one/ones---------(泛指),只能代替可数名词，其前面往往有修饰词。

that/those-----(特指),可代替可数名词或不可数名词，其前面无任何修饰词，后面往往是of/in---。that（指人少用）.

it-------特指,指代上文已出现过的那个名词，表示同一个东西。

注意：the one(相当于that)和the ones(相当于those)表示特指。one和ones表示泛指。

例如：

The population of China is larger than___________of Japan.

Color TV sets are more expensive than black-and-white___________.

Those books are not so interesting as ______you borrowed last week.

This pen is longer than ________on the desk.

This park is more beautiful than that_____________.

This cap is too small. please give me a big ______________.

The students in our class work harder than________in their class.

The children love the houses with gardens better than ___________without them.

I'll write another article as soon as I finish ________I'm writing.

No dictionary is as useful as the one I bought last year. (the one=that)

The children from the United States are different from the ones from China. (the ones=those)

三、全部否定与部分否定：

部分否定全部否定

Not all None of----或No one 或No+名词

Not both Neither

Not everything Nothing

Not everybody Nobody 或No one

Not everywhere Nowhere

Not always Never