五种常用雅思大作文论证方法

五种常用雅思大作文论证方法

在雅思大作文，同学们常犯问题有很多，其中较为凸显的问题为，同学们倾向于只写作文论点却不对其进行充分的论证支持。目前来说国内的众多考试英语类考试，包括中高考，大学四六级，因字数要求不同，在这些考试中对于论证并不是很看重。而对于雅思考试以及日后同学们在国外学习生活中，支持观点的reference 和critical thinking是大家在国外大学当中取得高分的法宝。

雅思大作文论证方法一：扩展主题句

即对论点进行扩展说明。常用衔接词有in other words换言之，that is to say 也就是说，to be more precise说的具体一些by …I mean 我的意思是，this means…这意味着，namely 就是等。扩展主题句中的名词讲清楚，即抽象名词具体化。

例如：

1.For one thing, offering academic knowledge can contribute to students’ achievement.

黑色粗体所描述内容比较抽象，我们可以对学术知识的具体内容和学生们的成就进行扩展描述。

2.That is to say, in primary school, children should be instilled the ability

of spelling Chinese characters and basic mathematical knowledge which ensure them mastering the common sense in daily life and offering the first step of further education.

雅思大作文论证方法二：举例论证

举例论证是同学们常用且考官们非常推荐的一种论证方法。

常用关联词有：as a proof, as an illustration, as an example, for example, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, specifically, to illustrate, to demonstrate等。而在句型方面也是非常灵活的。

例如：A good case in point is that …；A typical example can be found in …；Take …for example, …；…，which may include …等。

在举例当中同学们的误区在于，更加倾向于举非常“具体”的例子，而且存在正侥幸心理编一些中国人名和例子。在此，以下几个问题要特别注意。首先，雅思大作文写作举例需要举general的例子，泛泛而非个人。个人经历是不能够作为支持论证支持观点的。其次，最好不要硬性翻译中国的谚语，可适当使用外国谚语，但是也要使用有度，因为很多谚语的写法只适用于口语体。最后，对于例子不能过分展开。大作文的字数为250字，在有限的字数内我们要想考官展现我们语法词汇功底以及思维的灵活性和缜密性，赘述一个论证会减少我们论证其他观点的机会。根据以上几点注意事项，下文为论述进口食物危害的举例论证，无具体数字，进行泛泛而谈。

Eg：However, there are significant social, economic, and environmental drawbacks gained by purchasing imported food products. Examples of proposed environmental downsides include increased packaging, increased impact of transportation, higher livestock densities, etc.

雅思大作文论证方法三四五：假设论证，因果论证，对比论证

对于以上三种论证方式，在雅思作文当中我们可以进行三种论证的混合应用，达到有力的支持效果。如针对1月25日考题，政府是否应该立刻减少化石燃料的使用，在反对该观点的论证中，可以在假设石油匮乏的前提下，将石油带来的影响波及到农业、工业等等一连串与我们生活息息相关的东西上，这样“石油是经济和政府命脉”这样一个虚、泛的话题就具体化了，证明立刻减少其使用消极影响是非常巨大的。

? Then, since the transportation system is the lifeline of a country’s economic activities, its paralysis would lead to the disintegration of the economy, either industry of farming or daylife. Suppose all the means of transportation were halted for lack of oil, factories with insufficient raw materials would have to close, workers would be out of work, and ripe farm crops would have to stay in the fields at the mercy of rain and storms. People would try to store food and the price of all commodities would go up. If we take those power stations run by oil into account, situations would become even worse. In this sense, oil decides the fate of the whole economy and that of the government.