高效三阴性乳腺癌是雌激素受体

原文

三阴性乳腺癌是雌激素受体、孕酮受体和HER2检测皆为阴性的乳腺癌。由于这种生物学特征，这些癌症不会对内分泌疗法或曲妥珠单抗做出反应。

“在其他乳腺癌亚型中，你可以使用这些药物取得一些成功。但是目前三阴性乳腺癌目前缺乏治疗靶标,而且是用传统的化学疗法治疗的，”医学博士、美国费城的托马斯•杰弗逊大学医院(Thomas Jefferson University Hospital)的病理学副教授Agnieszka K. Witkiewicz说。

Witkiewicz检查了97位三阴性乳腺癌患者，其中73人是白人，24人是非洲裔美国人。用免疫组织化学技术评估了胰岛素样生长因子1受体（IGF-1R）蛋白质表达，用显色原位杂交技术评估了IGF-1R基因拷贝的数量。

他们发现在25%的病例中IGF-1R过度表达。IGF-1R蛋白质过度表达与基因扩增有关联。

此外，这种受体的表达较低与更高的淋巴结转移风险有关，而较高的表达大致与更小的肿瘤尺寸有联系。在55岁以下的患者中间，IGF-1R过度表达与更长的存活期有联系。

由于阻滞IGF-1R已经是一种治疗肉瘤的成功疗法，Witkiewicz提出可能有潜力也在这种乳腺癌亚型中瞄准这种受体。

“眼下，我们知道它的存在而且我们知道这是一个更好的预后标记，” Witkiewicz说。“下一步将了解三阴性乳腺癌患者是否能从瞄准IGF-1R中受益。”

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美国癌症研究学会（AACR）的使命是预防和治疗癌症。美国癌症研究学会（AACR）成立于1907年，它是世界上致力于促进癌症研究的历史最悠久和最大的专业组织。它的成员包括来自美国和其它90多个国家的3.2万名基础、转化和临床研究人员、卫生保健专业人士、癌症存活者和倡导者。美国癌症研究学会（AACR）引领来自癌症学界的各种专家技能从而通过高质量的科学和教育项目加速预防、诊断和治疗癌症的过程。它为创新的优秀研究提供资助，还提供研究奖学金和癌症进展奖。美国癌症研究学会（AACR）年会吸引超过1.8万名与会者分享该领域最新的发现和进展。一年中的专门会议上发表来自癌症研究、治疗和患者护理的一大批专题的新数据。美国癌症研究学会（AACR）发表6种主要的同行评议杂志：《癌症研究》（Cancer Research）、《临床癌症研究》（Clinical Cancer Research）、《分子癌症治疗学》（Molecular Cancer Therapeutics）、《分子癌症研究》（Molecular Cancer Research）、《癌症流行病学、生物标记与预防》（Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention）以及《癌症预防研究》（Cancer Prevention Research）。美国癌症研究学会（AACR）还出版《CR》杂志，这是一份面向癌症存活者及其家人、患者倡导者、医生和科学家的杂志。《CR》为分享癌症研究、生存和倡导的关键的基于证据的信息和观点提供了一个论坛。

Triple-negative breast cancers may have unique therapeutic target

DENVER — Patients with triple-negative breast cancer, one of the hardest subtypes to treat, may have a unique biomarker that would enable them to receive more targeted therapy, according to data presented at the Fourth AACR International Conference on Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Therapeutic Development.

Triple-negative breast cancers are breast cancers that have tested negative for estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and HER2. Because of this biology, these cancers do not respond to endocrine therapies or trastuzumab.

"In other subsets of breast cancer, you can use these drugs with some success. However, triple-negative breast cancers currently lack therapeutic targets and are managed with conventional chemotherapy," said Agnieszka K. Witkiewicz, M.D., an associate professor of pathology at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia.

Witkiewicz examined 97 patients with triple-negative breast cancer, of whom 73 were white and 24 were African-American. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and IGF-1R gene copy number was assessed by chromogenic in situ hybridization.

They found that IGF-1R was overexpressed in 25 percent of the cases. The IGF-1R protein overexpression correlated with gene amplification.

Moreover, low expression of the receptor was associated with greater risk of lymph node metastasis and high expression showed borderline association with lower tumor size. Among patients younger than 55 years, IGF-1R overexpression was associated with longer survival.

Since IGF-1R blockade has been a successful therapeutic approach in sarcomas, Witkiewicz suggested that there may be potential to target this receptor in this breast cancer subtype as well.

"For now, we know that it is there and we know it is a marker of better prognosis," said Witkiewicz. "The next step is to learn if triple-negative breast cancer patients benefit from targeting IGF-1R."

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The mission of the American Association for Cancer Research is to prevent and cure cancer. Founded in 1907, the AACR is the world's oldest and largest professional organization