选修六Unit1-课文翻译及要点
英语选修六课文翻译
人教版英语选修六课文翻译Unit 1 A Short History Western Painting西方绘画艺术简史西方艺术风格变化较大,而中国艺术风格变化较小。
人们的生活方式和信仰影响了艺术。
中国和欧洲不同,生活方式在长时间里相似。
西方艺术丰富多彩,仅凭一篇短短的课文难以描述全面。
所以,本篇课文仅描述了从公元5世纪开始的几种主要风格。
中世纪(公元5 世纪到15 世纪)在中世纪,画家的主要任务是表现宗教主题。
艺术家们并没有把兴趣放在呈现人和自然的真实面貌上,而是着力于体现对上帝的爱戴和敬重。
因此,这段时期的绘画充满着宗教的信条。
到13 世纪时,情况已经开始发生变化,像乔托这样的画家以比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
文艺复兴时期(15 世纪到16 世纪)在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观取代了中世纪的那一套,人们开始更关心人而不是宗教。
画家们回到了罗马、希腊的艺术理论上。
他们尽力地画出人和自然的真实面貌。
富人们想为自己的宫殿和豪宅收藏艺术品,他们高价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画画,画自己的房屋和其他财物,画他们的活动,画他们的成就。
在这个阶段,最重要的发现之一是如何用透视法来画出事物的形象。
在1428 年,马萨乔成为第一个在绘画中使用透视方法的人,当人们第一次看到他的画时,还以为是透过墙上的小孔,来观看真实的情景,并对此深信不疑。
如果没有透视法,人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画,在文艺复兴时期,油画也得到了发展,它使得色彩看上去更丰富,更深沉。
印象派时期(19 世纪后期到20世纪初期)19 世纪后期,欧洲发生了巨大的变化,从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。
许多人从农村迁入城市。
有着大量的新发明,还有许多社会变革。
这些变革也自然而然地导致了绘画风格上的变化。
那些打破传统画法的人有在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。
印象派画家是第一批室外写生的艺术家。
他们想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影画出来。
由于自然光的变化很快,所以,印象派画家必须很快地作画。
选修六unit1课文翻译及要点
2.选修六Unit 1 THE BEST OF MANHATTAN’S ART GALLERIES曼哈顿艺术画廊荟萃The Frick Collection (5th Avenue and Street)弗里克收藏馆(第5大道和第70街大道之间) Many art lovers would rather visitthis small art gallery than any other in New York. 在纽约,比起其他艺术馆许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。
Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and artcollection to the American people. 亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪,于1919年去世,把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。
Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Westernpaintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection. 弗里克对20世纪以前的西方绘画有偏爱,而在这个陈列馆的珍藏品里这些绘画得以很好展出。
You can also explore Frick's beautiful home and garden whichare well worth a visit.你还可以好好考察一下弗里克美丽的故居和花园,它们是很值得一看的。
GuggenheimMuseum(5th Avenue and 88th Street)古根海姆博物馆(第5大道和第88街交汇处) This museum owns5,000 superb modern paintings, sculptures and drawings. 这家博物馆拥有5000幅非常好的现代油画、雕塑和素描。
人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文[精品文档]
人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文Unit 1 Art 第一单元艺术ReadingA SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD.The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century)In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worke in Paris.The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell onobjects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.Modern Art(29th century to today)At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exsist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?西方绘画艺术简史西方艺术风格变化较大,而中国艺术风格变化较小。
(完整版)人教版 英语选修6课文翻译同步
选修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievementsOne of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which艺术是受一个民族的生活习俗和信仰影响的。
【人教版】2019版高中英语选修6课文逐句翻译
1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
高中英语选修6课文逐句翻译
高中英语选修6课文逐句翻译(人教新课标)Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
高中英语人教版选修六 Unit1 泛读课文逐句翻译
2.选修六Unit 1 THE BEST OF MANHATTAN’S ART GALLERIES曼哈顿艺术画廊荟萃The Frick Collection (5th Avenue and E.70th Street)弗里克收藏馆(第5大道和第70街大道之间)Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York. 在纽约,比起其他艺术馆许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。
Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people. 亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪,于1919年去世,把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。
Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection. 弗里克对20世纪以前的西方绘画有偏爱,而在这个陈列馆的珍藏品里这些绘画得以很好展出。
You can also explore Frick's beautiful home and garden which are well worth a Visit.你还可以好好考察一下弗里克美丽的故居和花园,它们是很值得一看的。
Guggenheim Museum(5th Avenue and 88th Street)古根海姆博物馆(第5大道和第88街交汇处)This museum owns 5,000 superb modern paintings, sculptures and drawings. 这家博物馆拥有5000幅非常好的现代油画、雕塑和素描。
【人教版】2019版高中英语选修6课文逐句翻译(Word版,15页,全站免费)
1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
2019届【人教版】版高中英语选修课文逐句翻译(选修6Word版)
1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
英语选修六课文翻译
1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
人教版高中英语选修6课文逐句翻译(2020年,Word版)
1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
(完整word版)英语选修6原文,单词及翻译
人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文Unit 1 Art 第一单元艺术A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING 西方绘画艺术简史The style s of Western art had changed many times, while Chinse art had changed less ofen.Art is influenced ['ɪnflʊəns]n. 影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事vt. 影响;改变by the customs ['kʌstəmz]n. 海关;风俗(custom的复数);习惯;关税and faith [feɪθ]n. 信仰;信念;信任;忠实of a people. Styles [staɪlz]n. 风格;样式;模式(style的复数形式)in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different style s of Western art, it would be impossible [ɪm'pɒsɪb(ə)l]adj. 不可能的;不可能存在的;难以忍受的;不真实的n. 不可能;不可能的事to describe all of them in such a short text [tekst]n. [计] 文本;课文;主题vt. 发短信. Consequently ['kɒnsɪkw(ə)ntlɪ]adv. 因此;结果;所以, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD.chine [tʃaɪn] n. 脊骨;脊柱chinse [tʃins] n. 填隙;捻缝Chinese [,tʃai'ni:z] n. 中文,汉语;中国人adj. 中国的,中国人的;中国话的西方艺术风格变化较大而中国艺术风格变化较小。
高中英语选修6课文逐句翻译(人教新课标)
1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western art have changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
(完整word版)外研社高中选修6M1英语课文翻译.docx
Module 1 Book 6How Good Are Your Social Skills?你的社交技能有多高?你是否看的人以后,故意路以避免与其?你愿意参加聚会并自信的和每位来交?你想交更多的朋友,但是又缺乏与陌生人交的信心?你是否一想到要在的国家参加社交活就得忐忑不安?担心——我能帮助你!如果你具了良好的社交技能,你就不用担心的情景。
而些技能是很容易学的。
具有良好社交技能的人能很好的和人交流并且知道怎么。
要是先做点准,将会你有所帮助。
下面你出些主意。
Learn how to small talk学会怎聊天聊天很重要的,并能帮助你一些更的做准。
准好!准一些不太会出的开白。
例如:·想出一个最近的新故事——不要太,譬如,一个有关于影明星或体育明星的故事·想出一些有关于你的学的事情告人·想出一些“不会出”的事情人的意——音,体育,影等·想出一些和陌生人要回避的——并且要避免些!那,你的信心就不会被害了!Develop you listening skills提高听的技能听是大多数人所缺乏的技巧,而交流双向的程——它涉及和听两个方面。
永住——太多并不会人留下怎的印象。
下面是一些使你成更好的听者的建:Do ⋯做下面的事情⋯⋯·用一些鼓励的声音或姿表示你正在听——微笑,点,一些“ ”或“ 啊”之的等等·保持得体的目光接触·使用极肯定的肢体言· 更多的信息表示你的趣Don’t⋯不要做下面的事情⋯⋯·看自己的手表·打哈欠· 气·把目光从正跟你的人身上移开·改·替人把完要牢 19 世英国首相本杰明· 迪斯累里的:“和一个人他自己,他会和你上几个小!”Learn the rules学如果你在另一个国家去参加一个社交合,要住会有不同的社交。
例如,在一些国家,你得准参加聚会;而在另一些国家就不需要。
人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文之欧阳道创编
人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文Unit 1 Art 第一单元艺术ReadingA SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD.The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full ofreligious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rulesof perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century)In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worke in Paris.The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as thoseof earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.Modern Art(29th century to today)At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exsist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?西方绘画艺术简史西方艺术风格变化较大,而中国艺术风格变化较小。
英语选修六课文翻译
人教版英语选修6课文原文及课文译文Unit 1 Art 第一单元艺术ReadingA SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD.The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century)In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived andworke in Paris.The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.Modern Art(29th century to today)At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exsist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?西方绘画艺术简史西方艺术风格变化较大,而中国艺术风格变化较小。
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选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western arthave changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.由于西方的艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5thto the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love forGod. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realisticway.但是,很显然到了13世纪时,观念发生变化,像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) 文艺复兴时期( 15世纪到16世纪)During theRenaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. 在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。
People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a morehumanistic attitude to life. 人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。
At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. 同时画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。
They triedto paint people and nature as they really were. 他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。
Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. 富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.,他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像,画自己的房屋和其他财物,以及他们的活动和成就。
One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. 在此期间,最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。
This technique was firstused by Masaccio in 1428. 这一手法是1428年由马赛其奥第一次使用的。
When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. 当人们第一次看到他的画时,还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景,并对此深信不疑。
If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. 如没有发现透视法,人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。
By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. 巧合的是这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展,它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。
Without the newpaints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. 没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法,我们就不能看到很多使这一时代著名的杰作。
Impressionism (late19th to early 20th century)印象派时期( 19世纪后期到20世纪初期)In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. 19世纪后期,欧洲发生了巨大的变化,从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。
Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. 许多人从农村迁入到新城市。
There were many new invention s and social changes. 有着许多新发明,还有许多社会变革。
Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. 这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。
Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, wholived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。
The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. 印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。
They were eager to showhow light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. 他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。
However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. 然而由于自然光的变化很快,印象派画家们必须很快地作画,Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. 因此,他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。
At first, many people disliked this style of paintingand became very angry about it. 起初,许多人都不喜欢这种画法,甚至还怒不可遏。
They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心、粗枝大叶,而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。
Modern Art (20th century to today) 现代艺术(20世纪至今)At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as thebeginning of what we call "modern art".在印象派作品的创建初期,它们是存在着争议的,但是如今己被人们接受而成为现在我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。
This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists tolook at their environment in new way s. 这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。
There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist.如今,现代艺术风格有好几十种,然而如果没有印象派,那么这许多不同的风格就不可能存在。