新概念英语第二册笔记_第64课

Lesson 64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道
【Text】
In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel. It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.
【课文翻译】
1858年，一位名叫埃梅.托梅.德.干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海陕的隧道计划到了英国。

他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台，这座平台将用作码头和火车站。

如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好的通风条件。

1860年，一位名叫威廉.洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。

他提议建一条双轨隧道，这样就解决了通风问题。

因为如果有列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。

42年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。

如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早已建成了。

世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工。

它于1994年3月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。

New words and expressions 生词和短语
1. tunnel ['tʌnəl] n. 隧道
2. port [pɔ:t, pəut] n. 港口
3. ventilate ['ventileit] v. 通风
4. chimney ['tʃimni] n. 烟囱
5. sea level ['levəl] 海平面
6. double ['dʌbl] adj. 双的
7. ventilation [,venti'leiʃən] n. 通风
8. fear [fiə] v. 害怕
9. invasion [in'veiʒən] n. 入侵，侵略
10.officially [ə'fiʃəli] adv. 正式地
11.connect [kə'nekt] v. 连接
12.European [,juərə'pi:ən] adj. 欧洲的
13.continent ['kɔntinənt] n. 大陆
标题生词讲解
channel ['tʃænəl]
Channel:频道teaching channel教学频道
communication channel交流频道
Eg: Can we change another channel?
我们能换另外个频道吗？
Eg: We can't get channel 4 on our television。

我们的电视收不到4频道。

The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道
channel v 传递
She channel her information to me.
她把她的信息传递给我
【生词讲解】
1. tunnel ['tʌnəl] n. 隧道
The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道
Eg: The train passed through several tunnels.
火车要穿过好几个隧道。

Eg: Light at the end of the tunnel。

苦尽甘来
tunnel v 开，挖，隧道。

Eg:The tunnel cuts through the mountain
隧道穿山而过。

2. port [pɔ:t, pəut] n. 港口
Eg：The typhoon stopped the ship from leaving the port.台风阻止船出港passport 护照
enter a port 进入一个港口=make a port
leave a port 离开一个港口=clear a port
a free port 自由港
port wine葡萄酒
3. ventilate ['ventileit] v. 通风
well-ventilated adj通风良好的（只能做定语）
Eg：Our classroom is well-ventilated.
Eg：My office is poorly-ventilated.
我的办公室通风不好
4. ventilation [,venti'leiʃən] n. 通风
put a problem to ventilation畅谈
ventilator通风设备，通风口
airing 通风口
5. chimney ['tʃimni] n. 烟囱
sweep a chimney=clean a chimney清扫烟囱
a blocked chimney 堵塞的烟囱
factory chimney/chimneys工厂的烟囱
6. sea level ['levəl] 海平面
sea 大海level水平，海拔。

Water always seeks its own level. 水性自平
level n,高度altitude
1）水平
one thousand metres above sea level海拔1000米
2）n,高度，等级
the level of the water水位
high level 高水平的，高级的
low level低级的，低水平的
a higher level of civilization高度文明
3）adj平的
a level surface 平坦的表面
the road is level.路是平的
4）adj 相同程度的；势均力敌的
a level race 一场势均力敌的比赛
in level tones 一个调
in a level voice 平和的语气
do one's level best =try one's best =do one's possible尽最大的努力
7. double ['dʌbl] adj. 双的
反义词single
a double room 双人房间 a double bed双人床
double chin 双下巴
double negative双重否定
double standard双重标准
double talk 含糊其辞的话
see double 看成双影
double check仔细检查
double boiler双层的蒸锅
double date两对人约会
Eg：I 'd like to book a double room.
pay double 付两倍的钱
double one's salary薪水加倍
double fault 两次发球失误
double play 双杀
8. fear [fiə] v. 害怕=terror
1）n.害怕
Eg：The soldier didn't show his fear.
这个士兵没有显示出畏惧的神色。

Eg：The child had no fear of water.
这个孩子不怕水。

a fear of heights恐高症
the fear of God 对上帝的敬畏
have a great fear of sth极度害怕某物
2）v. 害怕……=be afraid of
Eg：He fears death. 他怕死
Eg：He fears illness. 他怕生病
never fear! 别担心=don’t worry
Eg：She feared to speak in the public.
她害怕在公共场合说话。

fear doing
Eg：He feared staying alone in the dark.
他害怕一个人呆在黑暗处。

fear to do sth 害怕做某事
Eg：She feared to speak in the public.
他害怕在公共场合说话。

a fearful storm 一场恐怖的暴风雨
3）adj. fearful 恐怖的
be fearful of 害怕……
The baby is fearful of dark. 这个婴儿怕黑。

[派生词]
fearless ['fiəlis] adj. 无畏的
9. invasion [in'veiʒən] n. 入侵，侵略
invade vt 入侵、蜂拥
invade a village入侵一个小村庄
Eg：The tourists invade the city.
游客蜂拥进这个城市。

invade sb's rights 侵犯某人的权利
invader n 入侵者
the invision of Poland by Germany 德国对波兰的入侵10. officially [ə'fiʃəli] adv. 正式地
office n 办公室officer official
office办公室
officer军官
official adj. 官方的
an official decision官方的决定
an official annoucement 官方声明
government officials 政府官员
officially adv
announce officially 正式地公告
11. connect [kə'nekt] v. 连接
Eg：Please contact me with New York.
请给我接纽约。

connection n
Connection between A and B.
connect this computer with that computer connect the mouse to the computer
Eg：Connect this computer with that computer
把这台电脑和那台电脑连接起来。

Eg：He connected a mouse to the computer.
他把鼠标连到电脑上。

Eg：A highway connects the two cities.
这条公路把两座城市连接起来。

12. European [,juərə'pi:ən] adj. 欧洲的
[词根] Europe ['juərəp]
13. continent ['kɔntinənt] n. 大陆
the Continents：（大陆）
Asia亚洲
North Africa 北非
South Africa南非
North America 北美洲
South America 南美洲
Oceania大洋洲
Europe欧洲
【课文讲解】
1.In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for
a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. 1858年，
一位名叫埃梅.托梅.德.干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海陕的隧道计划到了英国。

a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, 同位语
twenty-one-mile 形容词（只能做定语）
plan to do sth 计划做某事
Eg：I plan to do finish my homework within 2 hours.
我计划2小时内完成作业
2.He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel
他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台.
that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel.宾语从句
in the centre只能指空间上的中间
platform 平台、站台、月台
3.This platform would serve as a port and a railway station.
这座平台将用作码头和火车站。

serve as 起..作用,担任，充当=serve for..
serve sb with 用。

招待
Eg：My friend served me with wine.某人用酒招待我。

4.The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level.
如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好的通风条件。

The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. 非真实条件句,对现在的假设。

从句were built 主句would be
5. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low.
1860年，一位名叫威廉.洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。

a better plan was put forward by an Englishman.被动语态
put forward =put up 建立
[词汇扩展]backward adv. 向后
forward 前进backward and forward 来回走
from this time forward从此以后
they have put forward their date of wedding.
6. He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.
他提议建一条双轨隧道
suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.
诸如suggest这类词引导的虚拟语气中从句应当用should+原形，或者直接加原形省略should.
7.This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it
这样就解决了通风问题.因为如果有列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。

for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it.
非真实条件句，对现在事情的假设
8.Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun.
42年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。

was actually begun.被动语态
9.If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed.
如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早已建成了。

If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed.
非正式的条件句，对过去的假设。

10.The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel.
世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工。

another 表示又一个，另一个
11.It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.它于1994年3月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。

It was officially opened on March 7,1994,被动语态
【Key Structure】
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。

真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生和实现的，是与实施相符的。

E.g. if it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandpa.
非真实条件句所表达的假设则不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。

E.g . If I were a bird, I would fly to America.
非真实条件句(现在事实相反和过去事实相反)
1主句:would+do 从句:一般过去时were 对现在相反的假设
If you went to the exhibition, you would enjoy it.
如果你去那个展览，你会喜欢它的。

I would act differently if I were in your position
如果我出于你的那个位置，我会做得和你不一样。

2主句would have done 从句had done 对过去事实相反的假设
If I were in your position, I would act differently.
如果我出于你的那个位置，我会做得和你不一样。

If you had not hurried, you would have missed the train.
如果你当初不快的话，你就会错过火车。

If you could have came with us, we would have been pleased.
你要是跟我们来的话，我们会很高兴的。

（对过去的假设，其实你没有来）
Suggest, demand, order, propose, insist, command ,request, desire后的宾语从句中：（should)+动词原形。

I suggest that we (should) set off at once.
I demanded that he (should) answer me immediately.。