中考英语归类复习课件 构词法

（3）加-ist表示“人”；这类词在多数情况下表 示事业有较高成就或较为特殊的人。
如：
artist pianist scientist dentist instrumentalist
physicist journalist
Biblioteka Baidu
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2. 从性别上来看 通常加-er / -or多为“男性”，加-ess多为女 性。 如： waiter waitress actor actress instructor instructress lawyer lawyeress
考点二 即学即练
用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
unhappy (happy) that he began to cry. 1. He was so __________ invisible (visible) in the crowd. 2. She felt _________
3. Jim ________ dislikes (like) running because he is too fat.
第二轮 语法强化
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英语的构词法主要有转化法、合成法、派 生法、混成法、截短法和词首字母缩略法。
考点一：变名词的词缀为-er，-or，-ian，ist，-man，tion，-ment，-ess 考点二：变反义词的词缀为 dis- ， il- ， im- ， in- ， ir- ， mis-，non-，un-，less考点三：变形容词的词缀为-ful，-ly，-y，-ed，-ous， -al，-ing，-en，-able 考点四：形容词变为副词
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一、常用前缀
二、常用后缀
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注意：区分表示“人”的词缀
1. 从社会层次、地位、工作职务上来看
（1）加-er表示“人”，这类词泛指从事某项活动和 职业的人。
beginner swimmer driver teacher runner observer murderer skier lover
考点一 即学即练
• 二、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。
• 1.My father is a (work). worker • 2.The book is very popular among the visitors (visit). • 3.We are amazed to see the Indian (India) at the school gate. • 4.The poster (post) is knocking at the door now. • 5.Why do you want to be an artist(art) in the future? • 6.The government is working hard to reduce the ___________(pollute). pollution • 7.The advertisment (advertise) are bad for the children.
考点一 即学即练
• 8.You should think about the difficulty (difficult) in your study. • 9.Can you tell me the truth (true)? • 10.Thank you for your kindness (kind). • 11.The audience is excited at the_____________ performance (perform). scientists (science) when they • 12.They want to be___________ grow up. • 13.He is sure that he will succeed because of his confidence ______________(confident). plaesure (please) to help you. • 14.It's my Failure
impossible (possible) to finish the 4. Oh dear! It is ____________
work in such a short time.
careless (careful) that she often makes 5. Lucy is so _________
passenger traveller owner learner worker printer gardener researcher
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（2）加-or表示“人”，这类词在多数情况下表 示从事专业性较强的职业的人。 如： doctor instructor collector tutor director
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3. 从主动、被动上来看，加-er / -or为主动， 加-ee为被动。 如： examiner examinee employer employee interviewer interviewee
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4. 有时会直接用表示人的单词来构词，如-boy， -girl，-man，-woman。 如： cowboy playboy salesgirl salesperson workman postman workwomen
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三、合成词（Compound Words） class（班级）+ room（房间）→ classroom（教室） black（黑色的）+ board（木板）→ blackboard（黑 板） note（记录）+ book（簿本）→ notebook（笔记 簿） hide（躲藏）+ and（和）+ seek（寻找）→ hideand-seek（捉迷藏） forget（忘记）+ me（我）+ not（不）→ forgetme-not [勿忘（我）草] Jack（男孩名）+ in（在……里面）+ the box（盒 子）→ jack-in-the-box（玩偶箱）