构词法练习测试及其参考答案

高考能力测试构词法WordFormation
一．合成Compounding两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1.直接写在一起。

2.用连字符(-)连接。

3.由两个分开的词构成。

(1)合成adj
(2)合成动词
(3)合成n
(4)合成adv however,maybe,wherever,whenever,forever
(5)合成代词whoever,,whatever,everyone,nobody,myself,something,anything,（6）合
成介词inside 在……里
二、派生Derivation
类或几种词类。

1.名词和动词之间的转化telephone电话—打电话,mirror镜子—像镜子一样反
映,drink喝—饮料,record录音—记录,name,date,hand,study,
2.形容词转化为动词perfect完美的——使完善
3.名词转化为形容词(副词)front前面
——前面的
4.形容词转化为名词chief主要的——首领
训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。

特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。

检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。

如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为
不必再注出汉语注释。

1.Thatmanwas________enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.careB.
carefulC.carelessDcarelessness
2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild，
sohis________isheavierthanMountTai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.death
3.Thechildlooked_______athisbrotherwhowasbadlywounded.A.sadlyB.sadnessC.sadlyD
.sad
4.Heisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima________.A.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemisD.p
hysician
5.Thethree-________chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.
legsD.leged
6.Stephensonbecamethe________railwayengineerintheworld.A.leadB.leaderC.leading
D.leadership
7.Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem，
Jacklooked_______aboutathisclassmates.
A.proud
B.proudly
C.pride
D.pridely
8.Toeveryone’
s________,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD.satisfac
tion
9.—Whatareyoudoinghere?—Oh，
myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageabout________inEnglish. —Youcanwrite_______passageinEnglish?A.600words；a600-words B.600-word；
a600-words
C.600words；a600-word
D.600words；a600-words
10.Nooneshouldenterthespotwithoutthe________ofthepolice.A.permitB.permissionC.p
ermittingD.permittence
11Youmustcomewithustothepolice_______.Ourheadiswaitingforyou.A.headquartersB.
headlineC.headmasterD.headache
12.Lettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident；
youdidit________.A.intendB.intentionC.intentionallyD.intentional
13.Theshopownerwelcomedalltheguestswitha________smile.A.practiceB.practiseC.pra
cticalD.practiced
14.The_______orderedhimtopaya$100fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgeD.judgement
15.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe________newsaboutIraqWar?
tter
16.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liin________.A.longerB.lengthC.longD.longing
17.Tomy________，Ipassedtheexameasily.A.joyB.joyfulC.joylessD.joyness
18.Canadaismainlyan________country.A.English-speakingB.speak-EnglishC.spoken-Engl
ishD.English-spoken
19.How________heis!Heisalwaysacting________.Heisreallya________.
A.foolish；foolishly；fool
B.fool；foolish；fool
C.foolish；fool；fool
D.foolishly；foolish；
fool
20.Thenecklacethatshelostisveryexpensive.It’sofgreat________.A.valuableB.valueC.val
uelessD.unvaluable
21.Therewere________fishintheriverinSouth
America.A.indangerB.dangerC.dangerousD.dangerless
22.Thele tter“b”intheword“doubt”is________.A.soundB.silentC.silenceD.sounded
23.Thechildlookedatme________.A.strangerB.strangelyC.strangeD.strangeless
24.Theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheir________bravely.A.freeB.freel
yC.freedomD.frees
25.Whatyousaidsounded________butinfactitwasuntrue.A.reasonableB.reasonfulC.reas
onlessD.unreason
26.Wehavetolearn________technologyfromothercountries.A.advanceB.advancingC.adv
antageD.advanced
27.Thechildrenliveinavillage________.Theycomeherealmosteveryday.A.nearbyB.nearC.
nearlyD.nearby
28.MrBlackisan________inthearmy，
notan________inthegovernment.Youcannoteasilyfindhiminhis________.
A.official；officer；office
B.officer；office；official
C.official；official；official
D.officer；
official；office
29.You’dbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttok eep________.A.healthB.healthyC.healthily
D.healthier
30.________speaking，Ididn’tdoitonpurpose.A.HonestlyB.HonestC.HonestyD.Dishonest
31.Itsoundslikeagoodplan，buttherearesome________difficultiesincarryingitout.
A.practiced
B.practical
C.practice
D.practicing
32.Hisfatherpossessesa________factory，whichdoesmostofthepollutiontothisriver.
A.paper-make
B.paper-making
C.papers-made
D.paper-made
33.Marxlefthishomelandforsome________reasons.A.politically
B.politics
C.political
D.politician
34.It’s________topersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.He’sverystubborn.A.possibleB.possibly
C.impossible
D.impossibility
35.Dancaughttwo________birdsinthewoodlastweekandtheyarestill________inthecage.
A.alive；live
B.live；live
C.live；alive
D.alive；alive
36.Thedoctorsaidthatt heoldman’sconditionwas__andthattheyhadtriedtheirbest.A.hop
eB.hopedC.hopefulD.hopeless
37.Annfeltso________thatshecouldhardlyopenhereyes.A.sleepyB.asleepC.sleepD.sleepi
ng
38.Westoodthere______atthe_____sight.A.frightened；
frightfulB.frighteningfrightfulC.fright；frighteningD.frightful；fright
39.Thedoctor’sadvice________himfromdrinkingandsmoking.A.encouragedB.couragedC
.encouragementD.discouraged
40I’dliketobuyahouse,modern,comfortableandaboveallinaquiet_.A.neighbourB.neighb
ourhoodC.neighboursD neighbour’s
Ⅱ.改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误，请找出并更正)
1.TheMiludee rarelivinginthewildinanaturalpark.
2.Thisblouseisfitforhimatall.It’stoolong
andthecolorhasrun.
3.Thepossiblythatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.
4.Wemuststrengthgovernmentofthepeople，bythepeopleandforthepeople.
5.Thespermwhalecandivetoadeepofmorethan1000metersinthesea.
6.Heisaveryfamousactress.Hehasplayedmanyimportantpartsindifferentfilms.
7.Personal，I’dratherstayathomewatchingTV.8.Becauseofherill，shecan’
tgooutforthesight-seeing.
9.Thankyouforyourdescribeoftheconditionshere.10.It’sreallydustinthisroom.It’salongti
mesincesomeonelastlivedinit.
11.Wealldon’tknowhowdarkhappens.12.Heopenedtheenvelope，
foldedtheletterandbegantoreadit.
13.Sheoffereduslotsofvalueinformation，
whichplayedanimportantpartincatchingthethief.
14.Wewishyouapleasurejourneybackhome.
15.Thecaptainmadeanapologizetothepassengersforthedelaycausedbybadweather.
16.Iwishthatyoucouldinterviewthesejournalswhocome.17.Coralisnotaplantbutavarious
ofanimallife.
18.Inmyopinion，
Harryisthemostsuitfulpersonforthejob.19.Thefoodwasgoodbuttheservewaspoor. 20.Thismeetingisofgreatimportanttoallofus.21.Therecomesalargecollectionofsoldiersint
hedistant.
22.Whenhegottothedestination，hewasquiteoutofbreathe.23.Traditionallyspeaking，
RussiaisaEuropecountry.
24.“Actual”means“infact”，andwecanalsouse
“asamatteroffact”.25.ItispossibletopersuadeAdamtogiveupthatdecide.
26.Thedoctorsaidthatthepatiencewascomfortableaftertheoperation.
27.Somepeoplesaythatthisnewdiscovermightchangethewholesocietycompletely.
28.TheChinesegovernmenttreasurethefriendlybetweenthepeopleoftwocountriesandwe
arewaitingforapeacefulsettlementofthismatter.29.Shewasafraidofhighanddaredno
tjumpoutoftheplane.
30.Hermotherdiedofhungryaftertheflood.31.Ibetyouaremistakethistime.
32.Themansaidthathewasmerelyapass-byandthathedidn’twatchtheaccident.33.—Doyo
ufollowme?—Yes，perfect.
34.PersonalpossessofgunscauseslotsoftroublesintheUSA.35.Thegreatestwealthyisbeing
contentwithalittle.
36.Ibelieveourdreamthathumanswilltraveltoandfromthemoonwillcometruthoneday.
37.Failisthemotherofsuccess.38.Everyyearmillionsofvisiterscometovisitthedams.
39.TheChinesepeoplearebuildingsocialistandhaveachievedgreatprogress.
40.Peopleallwentuptooffertheircongratulateontheirwinningthekeymatch.
前后缀“冰山一角”练习
一．形容词后缀1-ous结尾
advantage________ambition________anxiety________continue________courage____ ____danger________disaster________fame________glory________humor________mo untain________mystery________nerve________number________poison________pros per________religion________suspicion________vary________vigor________
2.以-al结尾
Chemistry________class________economy________editor________education_______ _exception________finance________function________logic________memory_______ _nation________origin________parent________person________physics________politi cs________region________substance________technique________technology________
3.以-able结尾
ability________accept________access________adapt________avail________avoid___ _____capability________change________comfort_________compare________convert ________desire________duration________favor________flexibility________honor___ _____move________notice________permit________reason________sense________vis
ion________
4.以-ful结尾
beauty________care________cheer________doubt________faith________fruit______ __glass________hand________harm________help________mouth________peace____ ____power________skill________spoon________success________thought________wo
nder________
二名词后缀1.以-ment结尾
achieve________advance________advertise________agree________disagree________
argue________assign________attach________appoint________develop________emba rrass________encourage________engage________enjoy________equip________estab lish________govern________install________manage________move________pave____ ____pay________punish________ship________state________
2.以-al结尾
approve________disapprove________arrive________propose________refuse
________remove________survive________try________withdraw________
3.以-ance/-ence/-ency/cy结尾
abundant________accurate________agent________allow________apply________atte nd________bankrupt________competent________compliant________confident_____ ___consist________convenient________inconvenient________correspondent_______ _current________dependent________independent________innocent________diploma t________distant________efficient________elegant________evident________exist___ _____fluent________frequent________infer________infant________influential______ __intelligent________interfere________offend________patient________perform____ ____prefer________refer________resident________significant________silent_______ _tend________urgent________vacant________violent________
4.以-ion结尾
act________add________admit________attract________associate________collect___ _____combine________complete________commit________communicate________co mpose________conclude________consider________consume________create________ decide________declare________define________describe________destroy________det ermine________devote________direct________distinct________discuss________domi
nate________educate________elect________evolve________except________exhaust_ _______exhibit________exploit________found________identify________illustrate___ _____imitate________impress________include________intend________introduce____ ____investigate________invite________liberate________locate________oblige______ __occupy________operate________organize________participate________permit____ ____predict________produce________provide________pollute________possess_____ ___recognize________recommend________regulate________relate________satisfy__ ______select________solve________submit________suggest________utilize________
verify________
三动词前后缀、1.以-en开头或结尾
large________able________courage________rich________hard________weak_______ _broad________soft________moist________length________strength________threat-
________sharp________sure________
2.以-ify结尾
magnified________simple________pure________intense________beauty________ clear________electrical________note________unite________dignity________
3.以-ize/ise/yze/yse结尾
real________industrial________mechanic________central________popular________e vaporation________standard________neutral________
高考能力测试答案
构词法
Ⅰ.单项填空
1~5BDACB6~10CBDCB
11~15ACDCB16~20BAAAB
21~25CBBCA26~30DADBA
31~35BBCCC36~40DAADB
【解析】
6.leading主要的，领头的。

9.这类合成词用作前置定语时必须用连字符连接，而且不能有复数。

10.permit的名词是permission。

11.headquarters总部。

12.intentionally是intend的副词形式，“故意地”。

13.practiced在这里作“熟练的”解。

14.judge在这里作“法官”解。

20.beofgreatvalue“很有价值”。

22.silent“不出声的”“沉默的”。

24.freedom“自由”，名词。

30.honestlyspeaking，“老实说”。

36.hopeless，“没有希望的,绝望的,不可救药”。

38.frightened意为“感到害怕的”，frightful“可怕的”，frightening“令人害怕的”。

40.neighbour表“邻居”，neighbourhood表“周围环境”。

Ⅱ.改错练习
1.natural→nature
2.fit→unfit
3.possibly→possibility
4.strength→strengthen
5.deep→depth
6.actress→actor?
7.Personal→Personally
8.ill→illness
9.describe→descript ion10.dust→dusty11.dark→darkness
12.fold→unfolded?13.value→valuable14.pleasure→pleasant
15.apoligize→apology16.journals→journalists17.various→variety 18.suitful→suitable19.serve→service20.important→importance 21.distant→distance22.breathe→breath23.Europe→European 24.Actual→Actually25.decide→decision26.patience→patient 27.discover→discovery28.friendly→friendship29.high→height 30.hungry→hunger31.mistake→mistaken32.pass-by→passer-by 33.perfect→perfectly34.possess→possession35.wealthy→wealth 36.truth→true37.Fail→Failure38.visiters→visitors
39.socialist→socialism40.congratulate→congratulations。