宏观经济学期末复习试题

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高校宏观经济学期末考核习题及参考答案

高校宏观经济学期末考核习题及参考答案1. 选择题1.1 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 国家经济发展的政策B. 单个公司的经济运作C. 不同行业的经济模式D. 整个国民经济的运行规律参考答案：D1.2 影响经济增长率的因素主要包括（）。

A. 基础设施建设B. 科技进步C. 人力资本投资D. 金融市场稳定参考答案：A、B、C1.3 以下哪个指标不属于计算国内生产总值（GDP）时考虑的范围（）。

A. 个人储蓄B. 政府支出C. 净出口D. 固定资本形成参考答案：A2. 简答题2.1 宏观经济学的基本概念是什么？请简要描述。

参考答案：宏观经济学是研究整个国家或地区经济体系的总体运行规律和宏观经济问题的学科。

它关注经济增长、就业、通货膨胀、货币政策等方面的问题，研究经济系统的总体运行和调控。

2.2 请简要解释什么是货币政策？参考答案：货币政策是指中央银行通过调整货币供应量和利率水平等手段来影响经济活动和价格水平的政策。

它旨在实现经济稳定和促进经济增长，通过调控货币供应和信贷规模，以及进行利率调整等策略来影响市场利率、借贷成本和金融市场活动。

3. 计算题3.1 根据以下数据，计算国家的消费水平和投资水平，并计算净出口。

消费支出：5000亿元政府支出：2000亿元投资支出：3000亿元国内生产总值（GDP）：10000亿元进口：1000亿元出口：1500亿元参考答案：消费水平 = 消费支出 = 5000亿元投资水平 = 投资支出 = 3000亿元净出口 = 出口 - 进口 = 1500亿元 - 1000亿元 = 500亿元总结：本文提供了高校宏观经济学期末考核的习题及参考答案。

习题包括选择题、简答题和计算题等。

选择题涵盖了宏观经济学的基本概念和影响经济增长率的因素等内容。

简答题要求对宏观经济学和货币政策进行简要描述和解释。

计算题要求根据给定数据计算国家的消费水平、投资水平和净出口。

通过完成这些习题，学生可以巩固对宏观经济学知识的理解和运用能力，为期末考核做好准备。

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 个别经济单位的经济行为B. 总体经济现象C. 政府的经济行为D. 企业的生产行为答案：B2. 总需求曲线向下倾斜的主要原因是（）。

A. 价格水平上升B. 价格水平下降C. 收入效应D. 替代效应答案：C3. 货币政策的实施机构是（）。

A. 财政部B. 国家统计局C. 中央银行D. 证监会答案：C4. 经济衰退时，政府应该采取的财政政策是（）。

A. 增加税收B. 减少支出C. 减少税收D. 增加支出5. 货币供应量增加，利率下降，这表明（）。

A. 货币需求减少B. 货币需求增加C. 货币供给增加D. 货币供给减少答案：C6. 通货膨胀率上升，货币的实际购买力会（）。

A. 增加B. 减少C. 不变D. 不确定答案：B7. 经济中存在失业，政府应该采取的措施是（）。

A. 减少公共支出B. 增加公共支出C. 增加税收D. 减少税收答案：B8. 经济增长通常与以下哪个因素有关（）。

A. 资本积累B. 人口增长C. 技术进步D. 所有以上答案：D9. 长期总供给曲线是（）。

B. 向上倾斜的C. 向下倾斜的D. 向右倾斜的答案：A10. 经济周期中，经济从衰退到复苏的阶段被称为（）。

A. 复苏期B. 繁荣期C. 衰退期D. 萧条期答案：A二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。

答案：凯恩斯主义经济学认为，在短期内，总需求的变化是影响经济波动的主要因素。

政府可以通过财政政策和货币政策来调节总需求，从而实现充分就业和稳定物价。

2. 解释什么是菲利普斯曲线，并说明其在现代宏观经济学中的意义。

答案：菲利普斯曲线描述了失业率与通货膨胀率之间的负相关关系。

在短期内，较低的失业率往往伴随着较高的通货膨胀率。

然而，在长期内，这种关系可能并不稳定，因为通货膨胀预期会改变人们的行为。

3. 描述货币政策的三大工具，并简要说明它们是如何影响经济的。

《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案(参考)

一、单项选择第十二章国民收入核算1．下列关于GDP说法正确的是（③）①一年内一个国家范围内的所有交易的市场价值②一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值③一年内一个国家范围内生产的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值④一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有商品和劳务的市场价值2．某人收入为1000元，个人所得税200元，政府补助150元，则个人可支配收入为（②）① 1350元② 950元③ 650元④ 1050元3．下列将计入当年GDP的一项是（③）①某人花10万元购买一辆二手汽车②面包厂购买的面粉③某企业当年生产没有卖掉的20万元产品④家庭妇女在家从事家务劳动4．如果一个社会体系的消费支出为9亿元，投资支出为1.2亿元，间接税为1亿元，政府用于商品和劳务的支出为2.5亿元，出口额为 3亿元，进口额为1.8亿元，则下列正确的是（①）① GDP为13.9亿元② GDP为12.9亿元③ NDP为13.9亿元④ NDP为12.9亿元5.一国的GNP小于GDP，说明该国公民从国外取得的产值（ B ）外国公民从该国取得的产值。

A、大于B、小于C、等于D、可能大于也可能小于6.今年名义GDP大于去年的名义GDP，说明（ D ）A、今年的物价水平一定比去年高了B、今年生产的物品和劳务总量一定比去年增加了C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。

7．在一般情况下，国民收入核算体系中，数值最小的是（ C ）A、国民生产净值；B、个人收入；C、个人可支配收入；D、国民收入8、一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数值被称为（ B ）A、国民生产净值；B、实际国内生产总值；C、名义国内生产总值；D、潜在国内生产总值9、在统计中，社会保险税增加对( D )项有影响。

A、国内生产总值(GＤＰ)；B、国内生产净值(ＮＤＰ)；C、国民收入(NＩ)；D、个人收入(PＩ)。

宏观经济学期末考试复习题及参考答案-专升本

《宏观经济学》复习题一、单选题1、国内生产净值与国民收入的差是（）A.间结税B.直接税C.公司未分配利润D.以上都不对2、国内生产总值和国内生产净值之间的差额是（）A.间接税B.直接税C.折旧D.以上都不对3、下面不属于流量的是（）A.净出口B.折旧C.转移支付D.国家债务4、如果消费函数为C=100+0.8(Y-T),那么政府支出乘数（）A.0.8B.1.25C.5D.55、下列哪项经济政策将导致收入水平有最大变化？（）A.政府增加购买50亿元物品和劳务B.政府增加购买50亿元，同时增加税收50亿C.税收减少50亿元D.政府支出增加50亿元，其中30亿元由增加的税收支付6、在三部门经济中，下列哪一项不是恒等式（）A.Y=C+I+GB.C+I+G=C+S+TC.S+T=I+GD.Y=C+S7、利率和收入的组合点出现在IS曲线右上方、LM曲线左上方的区域中，则表示（）A.投资小于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给B.投资小于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给C.投资大于储蓄且货币需求小于货币供给D. 投资大于储蓄且货币需求大于货币供给8、一般的说，位于LM曲线左方的收入和利率的组合，都是（）A.货币需求大于货币供给的非均衡组合B.货币需求小于货币供给的非均衡组合C.产品需求小于产品供给的非均衡组合D.产品需求大于产品供给的非均衡组合9、根据IS-LM模型（）A.自发总需求增加，使国民收入减少，利率上升B.自发总需求增加，使国民收入增加，利率上升C.货币量增加，使国民收入增加，利率上升D.货币量增加，使国民收入减少，利率下降10、政府支出增加使IS曲线（）A.向左移动B.向右移动C.保持不动D.以上说法均有可能11、在凯恩斯主义总供给曲线中，总供给增加引起的变化可能是（）A.国民收入增加，价格水平上升B.国民收入增加，价格水平不变C.国民收入增加，价格水平下降D.国民收入不变，价格水平下降12、总需求的变动引起国民收入与价格水平同方向变动的总供给曲线是（）A.凯恩斯主义总供给曲线B.短期总供给曲线C.长期总供给曲线D.不可能发生国民收入与价格水平同方向变动的情况。

宏观期末试题及答案

宏观期末试题及答案宏观经济学期末试题及答案一、选择题1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 个体经济行为B. 产业内部关系C. 市场行为D. 全球经济关系答案：D2. 下列哪种货币供应渠道不属于央行的操作渠道？A. 存款准备金政策B. 开放市场操作C. 货币市场操作D. 贴现贷款操作答案：C3. 当一个国家的货币供应量增加时，该国家的物价水平通常会（）。

A. 上升B. 下降C. 保持不变D. 波动答案：A4. 经济增长率的计算公式是（）。

A. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt-1 × 100%B. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt-1 × 100%C. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt × 100%D. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt × 100%答案：A5. 下列哪种货币政策工具可以用于调控通货膨胀？A. 货币供应量B. 货币利率C. 外汇储备D. 货币市场利率答案：B二、简答题1. 请解释货币的三个职能。

货币的三个职能分别是价值尺度、流通手段和储藏手段。

首先，货币作为价值尺度，可以衡量和比较各种商品和服务的价值。

其次，货币作为流通手段，可以在市场上作为交换媒介，方便商品和服务的买卖交易。

最后，货币作为储藏手段，人们可以将其储存起来，以备将来使用。

2. 请解释通货膨胀对经济的影响。

通货膨胀对经济的影响有以下几方面：首先，通货膨胀会降低货币的购买力，导致物价上涨，减少人们的消费能力和生活水平。

其次，通货膨胀会扭曲资源配置，由于价格上涨，生产成本增加，导致企业投资意愿下降，影响经济的正常运行。

此外，通货膨胀还会引发收入分配的不平等，对固定收入者和储蓄者造成损失，而对资产持有者带来收益。

最后，通货膨胀会削弱国家货币的国际竞争力，影响国际贸易和债务偿还。

三、论述题中国经济的供给侧结构性改革供给侧结构性改革是指通过改善生产力和供给效率，推动经济结构转型升级的一种改革方式。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案(-B-卷)

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（卷）一、名词解释题（本题型共题。

每题分，共分）．国内生产总值．平衡预算乘数．流动性偏好．基础货币．充分就业．国内生产总值：一个国家或地区在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品（物品和劳务）的市场价值。

．平衡预算乘数：政府的收入和支出同时且以同数量变动时国民收入的变动与政府收入支出变动的比率。

．流动性偏好：即对货币的需求，由于货币具有使用上的灵活性，人们宁可牺牲利息收入而储存不生息货币来保持财富的心理倾向。

．基础货币：商业银行的准备金总额（法定的和超额的）加上非银行部门持有的通货是存款扩张的基础，被称为基础货币。

．充分就业：在广泛的意义上指一切生产要素（包含劳动）都有机会以自己意愿的报酬参加生产的状态。

二、单项选择题（本题型共题。

每题正确答案只有一个。

每题分，共分）．下列哪一项将不计入．．．当年的？（）．当年整修过的古董汽车所增加的价值；．一辆新汽车的价值；．一辆二手汽车按其销售价格计算的价值；．一台磨损的高尔夫球清洁机器的替换品。

．；．在以支出法计算国内生产总值时，不属于．．．投资的是（）。

．某企业增加一笔存货；．某企业建造一座厂房；．某企业购买一台计算机；．某企业购买政府债券。

．；．用收入法计算时，不能计入的是（）．政府给公务员支付的工资；．居民购买自行车的支出；．农民卖粮的收入；．自有住房的租金。

．；．当实际为亿美元，缩减指数为时，名义国民收入为：（）．亿美元；．亿美元；．亿美元；．亿美元。

．；．一个家庭当其收入为零时，消费支出为元；而当其收入为元时，其消费为元，在图形上，消费和收入之间成一条直线，则其边际消费倾向为（）。

．；．；．；．。

．；．认为消费者不只同现期收入相关，而是以一生或可预期长期收入作为消费决策的消费理论是（）。

．相对收入理论；．绝对收入理论；．凯恩斯消费理论；．永久收入理论。

宏观经济期末考试试题

宏观经济期末考试试题# 宏观经济期末考试试题## 一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学研究的主要问题包括以下哪些方面？A. 经济增长B. 通货膨胀C. 失业D. 所有以上2. 根据凯恩斯理论，当经济处于以下哪种状态时，政府应该增加支出？A. 经济过热B. 经济衰退C. 通货膨胀率过高D. 经济稳定增长3. 下列哪一项不是货币的职能？A. 价值尺度B. 交换媒介C. 贮藏手段D. 强制手段4. 在IS-LM模型中，以下哪一项会导致IS曲线向右移动？A. 利率上升B. 政府支出增加C. 税收增加D. 货币供给减少5. 以下哪个因素与菲利普斯曲线无关？A. 通货膨胀率B. 失业率C. 货币供应量D. 工资水平## 二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）6. 解释什么是“挤出效应”，并举例说明其在宏观经济中的影响。

7. 描述货币政策和财政政策在经济调控中的作用及其区别。

8. 简述经济增长与经济发展的区别，并举例说明。

## 三、计算题（每题25分，共50分）9. 假设一个国家的GDP为1000亿美元，消费为600亿美元，投资为200亿美元，政府支出为150亿美元，出口为100亿美元，进口为50亿美元。

请计算该国的储蓄和贸易平衡。

10. 假设一个国家的中央银行决定将利率提高2个百分点，如果市场预期到这一变化，并且货币需求对利率的弹性为1.5，货币供给不变，那么新的均衡利率和货币市场均衡量将会如何变化？## 四、论述题（共30分）11. 论述全球化对一个国家宏观经济政策的影响，并举例说明。

注意：请考生注意答题的准确性和完整性，确保答案条理清晰，逻辑严密。

[此处为答题区域，考生应在此区域内作答。

]。

宏观经济学期末复习题库

宏观习题一、单项选择题1. GDP与NDP之间的差别是 B ;A. 间接税B. 折旧C. 直接税D. 净出口2. 国民收入核算体系中不包括如下哪个变量 C ;A. 国内生产总值B. 国内生产净值C. 政府税收D. 个人收入3. NDP与NI狭义国民收入之间的差别是 A ;A. 间接税B. 公司税前利润C. 政府转移支付D. 资本折旧4. 按国民收入核算体系,在一个只有家庭、企业和政府构成的三部门经济中,一定有 D ;A. 家庭储蓄等于净投资B. 家庭储蓄加折旧等于总投资加政府购买C. 家庭储蓄等于总投资D. 家庭储蓄加税收等于总投资加政府支出5. 用收入法核算GDP时,应包括 B ;A. 政府转移支付B. 间接税C. 政府投资兴建一所学校D. 企业投资6. 用支出法计算的GDP的公式为 A ;A. GDP=C+I+G+X-MB. GDP=C+S+G+X-MC. GDP=C+I+T+X-MD. GDP=C+S+T+X-M7. 以下可以计入GDP的有 D ;A. 购买一辆用过的卡车B. 粮站购买粮食C. 政府转移支付D. 政府购买办公用品8. 用支出法核算GDP时,应包括 C ;A. 政府转移支出B. 折旧C. 企业投资D. 间接税9. NI包括的项目有 A ;A. 利润B. 间接税C. 折旧D. 企业转移支出10. 当GNP大于GDP时,则本国居民从国外得到的收入 A 外国居民从本国取得的收入;A. 大于B. 等于C. 小于D. 可能大于也可能小于11. 在下列项目中, B 不属于政府购买;A. 地方政府办三所中学B. 政府给低收入者提供一笔住房补贴C. 政府订购一笔军火D. 政府给公务人员增加工资12. 若MPC=,则政府税收乘数值为 B ;A. 5B.C. -4D. 213. 若MPC=,则投资I增加100万美元,会使收入增加 D ;A. 40万B. 60万C. 150万D. 250万14. 若边际消费倾向MPC=,则投资I增加100万美元,会使收入增加 D ;A. 40万美元B. 60万美元C. 150万美元D. 250万美元15. 政府购买乘数Kg、政府转移支付乘数Ktr之间的关系是 C ;A. Kg＜KtrB. Kg＝KtrC. Kg＞KtrD. 不确定16. 当消费函数为C=α+βy时,则APC A ;A. 大于MPCB. 小于MPCC. 等于MPCD. 上述三种情况都有可能17. 两部门经济中,总支出等于总收入时,说明 B ;A. 计划存货投资一定等于零B. 非计划存货投资一定等于零C. 非计划存货投资不等于零D.实际投资等于实际储蓄18. 在两部门经济中,均衡发生于 C 之时;A. 实际储蓄等于实际投资B. 实际消费加实际投资等于产出值C. 计划储蓄等于计划投资D. 总支出等于企业部门的收入19. GDP的均衡水平与充分就业的GDP水平的关系是D ;A. 两者完全等同B. GDP均衡水平通常就意味着充分就业时的GDP水平C. GDP的均衡水平完全不可能是充分就业的GDP的水平D. GDP的均衡水平可能是也可能不是充分就业的GDP水平20. 平均消费倾向和平均储蓄倾向之间存在着互补关系,两者之和 C ;A. 大于1B. 小于1C. 永远等于1D. 永远不等于121. 在以下四种情况中,乘数最大的是 A ;A. 边际消费倾向为B. 边际消费倾向为C. 边际消费倾向为D. 边际消费倾向为22. 政府税收的增加将 A ;A. 使IS曲线向左移动B. 使IS曲线向右移动C. 对IS曲线无影响D. 与投资增加对IS曲线的影响一致23. 税收的减少将 B ;A. 使计划支出曲线向上移动并使IS曲线向左移动B. 使计划支出曲线向上移动并使IS曲线向右移动C. 使计划支出曲线向下移动并使IS曲线向左移动D.使计划支出曲线向下移动并使IS曲线向右移动24. 较小的边际消费倾向导致 B ;A. 较陡的计划支出曲线B. 较小的政府支出乘数C. 较平的IS曲线D. 以上都对25. 货币供给的增加 B ;A. 将使LM曲线向左上移动B. 将使LM曲线向右下移动C. 将使IS曲线向右上移动D. 将使IS曲线向左下移动26. IS曲线右方各点代表了 C ;A. 总需求大于总供给B. 总支出大于均衡时要求的水平C. 总支出小于均衡时要求的水平D. 计划的总支出等于实际国内生产总值27. 自发投资支出增加30亿元,会使IS曲线 C ;A. 右移30亿元B. 左移30亿元C. 右移,支出乘数乘以30亿元D. 左移,支出乘数乘以30亿元28. 如果美联储减少货币供给,增加税收 D ;A. 利息率将必定提高B. 利息率将必定下降C. 收入的均衡水平将必定提高D. 收入的均衡水平将必定下降29. 当利率变得很低时,人们购买债券的风险将会 B ;A. 变的很小B. 变的很大C. 可能很大,也可能很小D. 不发生变化30. 利率和收入的组合点出现在IS曲线右上方,LM曲线的左上方的区域中,则表示 A ;A. 投资小于储蓄, 且货币需求小于货币供给B. 投资小于储蓄,且货币供给小于货币需求C. 投资大于储蓄, 且货币需求小于货币供给D. 投资大于储蓄,且货币需求大于货币供给31. 价格水平上升时,会 B ;A. 减少实际货币供给并使LM曲线右移B. 减少实际货币供给并使LM曲线左移C. 增加实际货币供给并使LM曲线右移D. 增加实际货币供给并使LM曲线左移32. 宏观经济政策的目标是 B ;A. 通货膨胀率为零,经济加速增长B. 稳定通货,减少失业,保持经济稳定的增长C. 充分就业,通货膨胀率为零D. 充分就业,实际工资的上升率等于或超过通货膨胀率33. 如果中央银行认为通货膨胀压力太大,其紧缩政策为 C ;A. 在公开市场购买政府债券B. 迫使财政部购买更多的政府债券C. 在公开市场出售政府债券D. 降低法定准备率34. 如果政府支出的增加与政府转移支付的减少相同时,收入水平会 B ;A. 不变B. 增加C. 减少D. 不相关35. 假定政府没有实行财政政策,国民收入水平的提高可能导致 B ;A. 政府支出增加B. 政府税收增加C. 政府税收减少D. 政府财政赤字增加36. 在经济衰退时期,如果政府不加干预的话, A ;A. 税收减少,政府支出减少B.税收减少,政府支出增加C. 税收增加,政府支出减少D. 税收增加,政府支出增加37. 扩张性财政政策对经济的影响是 A ;A. 缓和了经济萧条但增加了政府债务B. 缓和了萧条也减轻了政府债务C. 加剧了通货膨胀但减轻了政府债务D. 缓和了通货膨胀但增加了政府债务38. “挤出效应”发生于 C ;A. 货币供给减少使利率提高,挤出了对利率敏感的私人部门支出B. 私人部门增税,减少了私人部门的可支配收入和支出C. 所得税的减少,提高了利率,挤出了对利率敏感的私人部门支出D. 政府支出减少,引起消费支出较少39. 下列 D 的情况不会增加预算赤字;A. 政府债务的利息增加B. 政府购买的物品和劳务增加C. 政府转移支付增加D. 间接税增加40. 下列 C 的财政政策将导致国民收入水平有最大增长;A. 政府增加购买50亿元商品和劳务B. 政府购买增加50亿元,同时增加税收50亿元C. 税收减少50亿元D. 政府支出增加50亿元,其中30亿元由增加的税收弥补41. 商业银行之所以会有超额储备,是因为 D ;A. 吸收的存款太多B. 未找到那么多合适的贷款对象C. 向中央银行申请的贴现太多D. 以上几种情况都有可能42. 通常认为紧缩货币的政策是 A ;A. 提高贴现率B. 增加货币供给C. 降低法定准备率D. 中央银行增加购买政府债券43. 下列不属于中央银行扩大货币供给的手段是D ;A. 降低法定准备率以变动货币乘数B. 降低再贴现率以变动基础货币C. 公开市场业务买入国债D. 向商业银行卖出国债44. 财政部向 D 出售政府债券时,基础货币会增加;A. 居民B. 企业C. 商业银行 .D. 中央银行45. 通货膨胀是 A ;A．货币发行量过多引起物价水平的普遍的持续上涨B．货币发行量超过了流通中的货币量C．货币发行量超过了流通中商品的价值量D．以上都不是46. 需求拉动的通货膨胀 B ;A. 通常用于描述某种供给因素所引起的价格波动B. 通常用于描述某种总需求的增长引起的价格波动C. 表示经济制度已调整过的预期通货膨胀率D. 以上都不是47. 成本推进的通货膨胀 A ;A. 通常用于描述某种供给因素所引起的价格波动B. 通常用于描述某种总需求的增长所引起的价格波动C. 表示经济制度已调整过的预期通货膨胀率D. 以上都不是48. 通货膨胀的收入分配效应是指 C ;A. 收入普遍上升B. 收入普遍下降C. 收入结构变化D. 债权人收入上升49. 菲利普斯曲线是说明 C ;A. 通货膨胀导致失业B. 通货膨胀是由行业引起的C. 通货膨胀与失业率呈负相关D. 通货膨胀率与失业率之间呈正相关50. 失业率是指 A ;A. 失业人口占劳动力的百分比B. 失业人数占人口总数的百分比C. 失业人数占就业人数的百分比D. 以上均正确51.引起周期性失业的原因是 D ;A. 工资刚性B. 总需求不足C. 经济中劳动力的正常流动D. 经济结构的调整52. 根据菲利普斯曲线,降低通货膨胀率的办法是 C ;A. 减少货币供给量B. 降低失业率C. 提高失业率D. 增加财政赤字二、多项选择题1. 用支出法核算GDP时,应包括的项目有 AD ;A. 居民消费支出B. 政府转移支付C. 政府税收D. 居民建造房子2. 以下不能计入国民收入NI的有 ACD ;A. 利息B. 工资C. 资本折旧D. 间接税3. 下列产品中能够计入当年GDP的有 CD ;A. 纺纱厂购入的棉花B. 某人花10万元买了一幢旧房C. 小王打的支付20元D. 某企业当年生产没有卖掉的20万元产品4. 属于GDP但不属于NI的项目有或按收入法计入GDP的有 BCD ;A. 政府转移支付B. 企业转移支付C. 间接税D. 折旧5. 下列各项应计入GDP的是 ;A. 购买一辆用过的旧自行车B. 中介公司收取的中介费C. 汽车制造厂买进10吨钢板D. 银行向某企业收取一笔贷款利息6. 下列 BD 情况不会使收入水平增加;A. 自发性支出增加B. 自发性支出下降C. 净税收减少D. 净税收增加7. 在两部门经济中,乘数的大小 AD ;A. 与边际消费倾向同方向变动B. 与边际消费倾向反方向变动C. 与边际储蓄倾向同方向变动D. 与边际储蓄倾向反方向变动8. 如果由于投资支出下降而导致GDP下降,可预期 BD ;A. 消费上升B. 消费下降C. 储蓄上升D. 储蓄下降9. 根据简单国民收入决定模型,引起国民收入减少的原因可能是 ;A. 消费减少B. 储蓄减少C. 消费增加D. 储蓄增加10.已知边际储蓄倾向为,则AB ;A. 投资乘数为5B. 政府购买支出乘数为5C. 税收乘数为-5D. 政府转移支付乘数为511. 在IS曲线和LM曲线的交点, AB ;A. 实际支出等于计划支出B. 实际货币供给等于实际货币需求C. 实际支出不一定等于计划支出D. 实际货币供给不等于实际货币需求12. 下面关于LM曲线的叙述错误的是 BD ;A. LM曲线向上倾斜,并且是在收入水平给定的条件下画出的B. LM曲线向下倾斜,并且价格的增加将使其向上移动C. LM曲线向上倾斜,并且是在实际货币供给给定的条件下画出的D. 沿着LM曲线,实际支出等于计划支出13. 引起LM曲线向右方移动的原因是 AB ;A. 物价水平不变,中央银行在公开市场上购买政府债券B. 物价水平不变,中央银行降低要求的准备率C. 实际国内生产总值减少D. 使计划支出曲线向下移动并使IS曲线向右移动14 如果 ABC ,IS曲线将向右移动;A. 消费者对经济的信心增强B. 政府将增加转移支付C. 公司对经济更加乐观D. 中央银行增发货币15. 总需求曲线向右下方倾斜是由于 ABC ;A. 价格水平上升时,投资会减少B. 价格水平上升时,消费会减少C. 价格水平上升时,净出口会减少.D. 价格水平上升时,财富会增加16. 下面关于总需求曲线的叙述,正确的有 ABC ;A. 当其他条件不变,政府支出增加时会右移B. 当其他条件不变,价格水平上升时会左移C. 当其他条件不变,税收减少时会右移D.当其他条件不变,价格水平下降时会右移17. 长期总供给增加,可能原因是 BD ;A. 中央银行增发了货币B. 生产技术提高C. 中央银行降低了利率D. 发现了新的资源18. 总供给曲线左移可能是因为 CD ;A. 其他情况不变而厂商对劳动需求增加B. 其他情况不变而所得税增加C. 其他情况不变而原材料涨价D. 其他情况不变而劳动生产率下降19. 假定经济实现充分就业,总供给曲线是垂直线,名义货币供给增加, BC ;A. 实际货币供给增加B. 不影响实际货币供给C. 实际产出不变D. 利率水平下降20. 总需求曲线向右移,可能原因是 D ;A. 居民消费支出增加B. 政府转移支付增加C. 企业投资支出增加D. 政府购买支出增加21. 在通货膨胀不能完全预期的情况下,通货膨胀将有利于 AC ;A. 债务人B. 债权人C. 借款者D. 离退休人员22. 在下列引起通货膨胀的原因中,成本推动的通货膨胀的原因可能是 AC ;A. 工人要求增加工资B. 政府预算赤字C. 进口商品价格上涨D. 企业投资增加23. 关于充分就业的叙述,正确的是 BD ;A. 人人都有工作,没有失业者B. 消灭了周期性失业的就业状态C. 消灭了自然失业的就业状态D. 消灭了需求不足失业的就业状态24. 为减少经济中存在的失业,应采取的财政政策工具是 AC ;A. 增加政府支出B. 提高个人所得税C. 减少企业税收D. 增加货币供给量25. 关于通货膨胀的叙述,正确的有 ACD ;A. 一般物价水平上升B. 所有商品的价格都上升C. 有些商品的价格可能下降D. 大宗商品价格肯定上升三、判断题1. GDP被定义为经济社会在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部产品的市场价值; F2. 政府转移支付应计入国内生产总值GDP中; F3. 一个在日本工作的美国公民的收入是美国GDP的一部分,也是日本GNP的一部分; F4. GDP中扣除资本折旧,就可以得到NDP;T5. 个人收入即个人可支配收入,是人们可随意用来消费或储蓄的收入; F6. 三部门经济的投资储蓄恒等式为I=S+T-G; T7. GDP折算指数是名义GDP与实际GDP的比率; T8.某出租车司机在2014年购买了一辆产于2012年的小轿车,该司机为此付出的10万元的购车费应计入2014年的GDP中; F9. 政府投资建立公办小学属于政府转移支付; T10. 居民购买商品房的支出属于居民消费支出; F11 在两部门经济中,均衡产出条件为I=S,它是指经济要达到均衡,计划投资必须等于计划储蓄; T12. 随着收入的增加,边际消费倾向MPC递减,而平均消费倾向APC递增,且APC＞MPC; F13 边际消费倾向越大,投资乘数越小; F14. 改变政府购买支出水平对宏观经济活动的效果要大于改变税收和转移支付的效果; T15. 非意愿存货等于零,表明宏观经济达到了均衡; T16. 边际消费倾向递减规律说明随收入增加消费会减少; F17. 消费函数c=a+by中的y是GDP; F18. 消费函数是指随着收入的增加,消费也会增加,但消费的增加不如收入增加得多; T19. 在简单国民收入决定理论中,均衡产出是指与总需求相等的产出; T20. 两部门经济,均衡产出公式y=c+i其中c,i是指实际消费和实际投资; F21. 货币供给增加,会引起LM曲线向右下方移动; T22. 自发总需求增加,使国民收入减少,利率上升; F23. 一般来说,位于IS曲线右边的收入和利率的组合,都是投资小于储蓄的非均衡组合;T24. 按照凯恩斯的货币需求,如果利率上升,货币需求将减少; F25. IS曲线是描述产品市场达到均衡时,国民收入与价格之间关系的曲线; F26. IS曲线是描述产品市场达到均衡时,国民收入与利率之间关系的曲线; T27. 投资增加,会引起LM曲线向左下方移动; F28. 消费增加,会引起IS曲线向右下方移动; F29. LM曲线是描述产品市场达到均衡时,国民收入与利率之间关系的曲线; F30. LM曲线是描述货币市场达到均衡时,国民收入与价格之间关系的曲线; F31. 当一般价格水平变动时,由于各产品之间的相对价格保持不变,因此居民不会减少对各产品的需求,总需求水平也保持不变; F32. 当一般价格水平上升时,在名义货币供给量不变的情况下,实际货币供给降低,资产市场均衡的实际利率增加,将会使总需求下降; T33. 当一般价格水平上升时,将会使各经济主体收入增加,总需求增加;F34. 长期总供给曲线所表示的总产出是经济中的潜在产出水平; T35. 短期总供给曲线和长期总供给曲线都是向右上方倾斜的曲线,区别是斜率不同; F36. 自动稳定器不能完全抵消经济的不稳定; T37. 在萧条时为取得年度预算的平衡,政府必须降低税率; F38. 通货膨胀缺口可以通过增加政府支出和减少税收来加以解决;F39. 准备金要求的提高是为了增加银行的贷款量;40. 提高贴现率可以刺激银行增加贷款; F41. 如果中央银行希望降低利率,那么,它就可以在公开市场上出售政府债券; F42. 如果利率水平处在流动性陷阱区域,货币政策是无效的; T43. 中央银行提高再贴现率,提高法定准备率和在公开市场上卖出债券对信贷规模的影响是相同的;F44. 通货膨胀是日常用品的价格水平的持续上涨; F45. 投资增加会诱发成本推进的通货膨胀;F46. 在20世纪70年代和80年代,菲利普斯曲线右移,使得在相对比较低的通货膨胀水平上降低失业率更为容易; F47. 在市场经济条件下,政府实施工资价格指导或工资价格管制,能使通货膨胀率降低,因此这个政策是成功的; F48. 当出现需求推进通货膨胀时,中央银行可以增加货币供给量来抑制它;49. 菲利普斯曲线表明货币工资增长率与失业率之间的负相关关系,它是恒定不变的; F50. 通货膨胀会对就业和产量产生正效应,而且是无代价的; F51. 财政政策能够影响总需求曲线的位置,货币政策不能影响总需求曲线的位置; F52. 在其他条件不变时,任何影响IS曲线位置的因素变化,都会影响总需求曲线的位置; F53. 在长期总供给水平,由于生产要素等得到了充分利用,因此经济中不存在失业; F54. 当经济达到长期均衡时,总产出等于充分就业产出,失业率为自然失业率; T55. 转移支付增加1元对总需求的影响总是与政府支出增加1元相同的; F四、问答题1. 为什么说衡量一国经济增长情况可以用实际GDP,而不能用名义GDP2.举例说明什么是中间产品什么是最终产品3. 名义GDP与实际GDP有何区别4. 为什么政府发给公务员工资要计入GDP,而给灾区或困难人群发的救济金不计入GDP5. 为什么企业债券利息要算入GDP,而公债利息却不算6. 什么是货币需求人们需要货币的动机有哪些7. 简述凯恩斯的有效需求不足理论;8. 为什么一些西方经济学家认为,将一部分国民收入从富者转给贫者将提高总收入水平9. 什么是货币需求的投机动机为什么说它主要取决于利率10. 扩张性财政政策在什么情况下不会发生挤出效应至少指出两种;11. 降低工资对总需求和总供给有何影响12. 为什么进行宏观调控的财政政策和货币政策一般被称为需求管理的政策13. 说明总需求曲线为什么向右下方倾斜14. 导致长期总供给曲线移动的主要因素有哪些15. 什么是失业均衡它有什么特点16．什么是斟酌使用的财政政策和货币政策17．平衡预算的财政思想和功能财政思想有何区别18．简述累进个人所得税制度的自动稳定器机制;19．简述政府转移支付制度的自动稳定器机制;20．什么是公开市场操作这一货币政策工具有哪些优点五、图形分析题1. 什么是成本推动通货膨胀请结合图形分析;2. 什么是财政政策的挤出效应结合图形加以分析;3. 结合图形分析说明：正常情况下,中央银行减少货币供应量对利率的影响;4. 宏观经济萧条现象有什么特点结合总需求总供给模型分析说明;5. 结合图形分析说明：正常情况下,中央银行增加货币供应量对利率的影响;6. 宏观经济过热现象有什么特点结合总需求总供给模型分析说明;7. 什么是流动性陷阱请结合图形加以说明;8. 什么是需求拉动通货膨胀请结合图形加以分析;9. 什么是凯恩斯陷阱请结合图形加以说明;10. 宏观经济的滞胀现象有什么特点结合总需求总供给模型来分析说明;六、计算题1. 某年某国的经济状况为：净投资125亿元,净出口25亿元,政府转移支付100亿元,资本折旧50亿元,企业间接税75亿元,政府购买200亿元,社会保险税150亿元,个人消费支出500亿元,公司未分配利润100亿元,公司所得税50亿元,个人所得税100亿元;请计算该国该年的GDP、NDP、NI、PI和DPI;2. 假定在四部门经济中,国内生产总值是5000,个人可支配收入是4100,政府预算盈余是200,消费是3800,贸易赤字是100单位：亿元;试计算私人储蓄、投资和政府购买支出;3. 根据一国的国民收入统计资料：国内生产总值4800亿元,总投资800亿元,净投资300亿元,消费3000亿元,政府购买960亿元,政府预算盈余30亿元;试计算：1国内生产净值；2净出口；3政府税收减去转移支付后的收入；4个人可支配收入；5个人收入;4. 在某经济体中,消费函数为c=500+,投资函数为i=1250-250r,实际货币供给m=1250,货币需求函数L= +1000-250r;求IS曲线、LM曲线、均衡收入和利率;5. 考虑某三部门经济,其中消费函数为c=200+,投资函数为i=200-25r,货币需求函数为L=y-100r,名义货币供给是1000,政府购买g=50,求该经济的总需求函数;6. 若价格水平在2011年为,2012年为,2013年为,试求：12012年和2013年通货膨胀率各是多少2如果以前两年通货膨胀率的平均值作为第三年通货膨胀率的预期值,计算2014年的预期通货膨胀率;7. 假定某经济中消费函数为C= 1–ty, 税率为t= , 投资函数为I= 900–50r, 政府购买G = 800, 货币需求为L= –, 实际货币供给为500; 试求:1IS曲线；2LM曲线；3两个市场同时均衡时的利率和收入;8．如果总供给曲线为Ys＝500,总需求曲线为Yd＝600一50P,试求：1供求均衡点；2总需求上升10％之后新的供求均衡点；3总供给上升10％之后新的供求均衡点；4比较2与3;9．假定某经济社会的总需求函数为P＝80—2y／3；总供给函数为古典学派总供给曲线形式,即可表示为y＝yf＝60,求：1经济均衡时的价格水平；2如果保持价格水平不变,而总需求函数变动为P ＝100—2y／3,将会产生什么后果10．假定法定准备率是,没有超额准备金,对现金的需求是1000亿美元;1假定总准备金是600亿美元,货币供给是多少2若中央银行把准备率提高到,货币供给变动多少假定总准备金仍是600亿美元;3中央银行买进12亿美元政府债券存款准备率仍是,货币供给变动多少11.根据下列统计资料,计算GDP、NDP、NI、PI个人收入DPI个人可支配收入：净投资150亿元；净出口30亿元；储蓄180亿元；资本折旧50亿元；政府转移支付100亿元；企业间接税75亿元；政府购买200亿元；社会保险金150亿元；个人消费支出500亿元；公司未分配利润100亿元；公司所得税50亿元；个人所得税80亿元;12．假设货币需求为L=,货币供给量为200,c=90+,t=50,i=140-5r,g=50;1导出IS和LM方程,求均衡收入,利率和投资；2若其他情况不变,g增加20,均衡收入、利率和投资各为多少3是否存在“挤出效应”4用草图表示上述情况;13．某两部门经济中,假定货币需求为L=,货币供给为200,消费为c=100+,投资i=150;1求IS和LM方程；2求均衡收入、利率、消费和投资；3若货币供给增加20,货币需求不变,收入、利率、投资和消费有什么变化4为什么货币供给增加后收入不变而利率下降14. 假设某经济的消费函数为c=100+,投资i=50,政府购买性支出g=200,政府转移支付tr=,税收t=250单位均为10亿美元;1求均衡收入2试求投资乘数、政府支出乘数、税收乘数、转移支付乘数、平衡预算乘数;3假定该社会达到充分就业所需要的国民收入为1200,试问：1增加政府购买；2减少税收；3以同一额增加政府购买和税收以便预算平衡实现充分就业,各需多少数额15.某宏观经济模型单位：亿元：c＝200+,i＝300-5r,L＝,m＝300试求：1IS-LM模型、均衡产出及利率；2若充分就业的收入水平为2020亿元,为实现充分就业,运用扩张的财政政策或货币政策,追加投资或货币供应分别为多少 16. 某年某国的最终消费为8000亿元,国内私人投资5000亿元其中500亿元为弥补当年消耗的固定资产,政府税收为3000亿元其中间接税为2000亿元,其他为个人所得税,政府支出为3000亿元其中政府购买为2500亿元、政府转移支付为500亿元,出口为2000亿元,进口为1500亿元;请计算该国该年的GDP、NDP、NI、PI 和DPI;17. 假设消费函数c=100+,投资i=50;1求均衡收入、消费和储蓄;2如果当时实际产出即收入为800,试求企业非意愿存货积累为多少3若投资增到100,试求增加的收入;。

宏观经济学期末考试试题(含答案)

《宏观经济学》期末考试试题一、判断题（对的写“T”，错的写“F”；每小题1分，共10分）1.人均真实GDP是平均经济福利（生活水平）的主要衡量指标。

2.1963年美国的最低工资水平是每小时1.25美元，而2013年则为7.25美元，因而，在美国拿最低工资的人的生活水平大大提高了。

3.大多数失业是短期的，然而，大多数所观察到的失业是长期的。

4.通货膨胀并没有降低大多数工人的购买力。

5.家庭决定把大部分收入储蓄起来会使总供给曲线向左移动。

6.某人出售一幅旧油画所得到的收入应该计入当年的国内生产总值。

7.无论什么人，只要没有找到工作就是失业。

8.短期总供给不变时，总需求的变动会引起均衡的国内生产总值同方向变动，物价水平反方向变动。

9.扩张性货币政策的实行可以增加货币供给量，从而使利率水平提高。

10.总需求不足时，政府可以提高转移支付水平，以增加社会总需求。

二、简答题（每小题5分，共15分）1.列出并说明生产率的四个决定因素。

2.解释企业通过提高它所支付的工资增加利润的四种可能原因。

3.是什么因素可能引起总需求曲线向左移动？三、应用题（每小题5分，共20分）假设今年的货币供给是5 00亿美元，名义GDP是10万亿美元，而真实GDP是5万亿美元。

1.物价水平是多少？货币流通速度是多少？2.假设货币流通速度是不变的，而每年经济中物品与服务的产出增加5%。

如果美联储保持货币供给不变，明年的名义GDP和物价水平是多少？3.如果美联储想保持物价水平不变，它应该把明年的货币供给设定为多少？4.如果美联储想把通货膨胀率控制在10%，它应该把货币供给设定为多少？四、计算与分析说明题（每小题10分，共30分；要有计算步骤，否则扣分）b.把2015年作为基年，计算各年的真实GDP。

c.与2016年相比，2017年的名义GDP、真实GDP增长率各是多少？名义GDP增长率和真实GDP增长率孰大孰小？解释原因。

2.一个经济在产出低于其自然水平4000亿美元的水平上运行，而且财政政策制定者想弥补这种衰退性缺口。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷1(附答案)

一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1．The government reports that "GDP increased by 1.6 percent in the last quarter." This statement means that GDP increaseda. by 6.4 percent for the year.b. at an annual rate of 6.4 percent during the last quarter.c. at an annual rate of 1.6 percent during the last quarter.d. at an annual rate of .4 percent during the last quarter.2．A Brazilian company produces soccer balls in the United States and exports all of them. If the price of the soccer balls increases, the GDP deflatora. and the CPI both increase.b. is unchanged and the CPI increases.c. increases and the CPI is unchanged.d. and the CPI are unchanged.3．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase bya. more than 1 percent.b. less than 1 percent.c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.4．A nation's standard of living is measured by itsa. real GDP.b. real GDP per person.c. nominal GDP.d. nominal GDP per person.5．In 2002 President Bush imposed restrictions on imports of steel to protect the U.S.steel industry.a. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverseeffects on growth.b. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.c. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverse effects on growth.d. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.6．Generally when economists and the text talk of the "interest rate," they are talking about thea. real interest rate.b. current nominal interest rate.c. real interest rate minus the inflation rate.d. equilibrium nominal interest rate.7．An increase in the budget deficita. makes investment spending fall.b. makes investment spending rise.c. does not affect investment spending.d. may increase, decrease, or not affect investment spending.8．Norne Corporation is considering building a new plant. It will cost them $1 million today to build it and it will generate revenues of $1,121 million three years from today. Of the interest rates below, which is the highest interest rate at which Norne would still be willing to build the plant?a. 3 percentb. 3.5 percentc. 4 percentd. 4.5 percent9．Recent entrants into the labor force account for abouta. 1/2 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.b. 1/3 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.c. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.d. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force10．Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , indollars.b. You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.d. None of the above is correct.11．Current U.S. currency isa. fiat money with intrinsic value.b. fiat money with no intrinsic value.c. commodity money with intrinsic value.d. commodity money with no intrinsic value.12．Velocity in the country of Shem is always stable. In 2002, the money supply was $200 billion and the GDP price deflator was four times as high as it was in the base year. In 2003, the money supply increased to $240 billion, the price level increased by 15 percent, and nominal GDP equaled $1,200 billion. By how much did real GDP increase between 2002 and 2003?a. 20 percentb. 4.35 percentc. 2.17 percentd. There is not enough information to answer the question.13．Shoeleather costs refer toa. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation.b. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices dueto inflation.c. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high.d. the distortion in incentives created by inflation by taxes that do not adjust forinflation.14．International tradea. raises the standard of living in all trading countries.b. lowers the standard of living in all trading countries.c. leaves the standard of living unchanged.d. raises the standard of living for importing countries and lowers it for exporting countries.15．Which of the following would be U.S. foreign portfolio investment?a. Disney builds a new amusement park near Rome, Italy.b. Your economics professor buys stock in companies located in Eastern European countries.c. A Dutch hotel chain opens a new hotel in the United States.d. A citizen of Singapore buys a bond issued by a U.S. corporation.16．A Venezuelan firm purchases earth-moving equipment from a U.S. company and pays for it with domestic currency. This transactiona. increases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.b. increases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.c. decreases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.d. decreases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.17．At the equilibrium interest rate in the open economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity ofa. net capital outflow.b. domestic investment.c. net capital outflow plus domestic investment.d. foreign currency supplied.18．In an open economy,a. net capital outflow = imports.b. net capital outflow = net exports.c. net capital outflow = exports.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate is determined in the market where dollars are exchanged for foreign currency by the equality of the supply of dollars, which comes froma. U.S. national saving and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.b. U.S. net capital outflow and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.c. domestic investment and the demand for U.S. net exports.d. foreign demand for U.S. goods and U.S. demand for foreign goods.20．If a government increases its budget deficit, then interest ratesa. rise and the trade balance moves toward surplus.b. rise and the trade balance moves toward deficit.c. fall and the trade balance moves toward surplus.d. fall and the trade balance moves toward deficit.21．Investment spending decreases when the price levela. rises causing interest rates to rise.b. rises causing interest rates to fall.c. falls causing interest rates to rise.d. falls causing interest rates to fall.22．An increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP in the short run could be created bya. an increase in the money supply.b. an increase in government expenditures.c. a fall in stock prices.d. bad weather in farm states.23．Which part of real GDP fluctuates most over the course of the business cycle?a. consumptionb. government expendituresc. investmentd. net exports24．According to liquidity preference theory, the price level and interest rate area. positively related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.b. inversely related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.c. positively related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are inverselyrelated.d. inversely related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are positivelyrelated.25．Which of the following shifts aggregate demand to the right?a. an increase in the price levelb. an increase in the money supplyc. a decrease in the price leveld. a decrease in the money supply26．If the Fed conducts open-market sales, the money supplya. increases and aggregate demand shifts right.b. increases and aggregate demand shifts left.c. decreases and aggregate demand shifts right.d. decreases and aggregate demand shifts left.27．Some economists argue thata. monetary policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.b. fiscal policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.c. fiscal policy can be used to shift the AD curve.d. All of the above are correct.28．The lag problem associated with monetary policy is due mostly toa. the fact that business firms make investment plans far in advance.b. the political system of checks and balances that slows down the process of determining monetarypolicy.c. the time it takes for changes in government spending to affect the interest rate.d. All of the above are correct.29．A. W. Phillips' findings were based on dataa. from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.b. from 1861-1957 for the United States.c. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United Kingdom.d. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United States.30．Which of the following is true concerning the long-run Phillips curve?a. Its position is determined primarily by monetary factors.b. If it shifts right, long-run aggregate supply shifts right.c. It cannot be changed by any government policy.d. its position depends on the natural rate of unemployment.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．The government component of GDP includes salaries paid to Army generals but not Social Security benefits to the elderly.32．An increase in the saving rate does not permanently increases the growth rate of real GDP per person.33．In ten years when you are the owner of a major U.S. corporation, if your corporation opens and operates a branch in a foreign country you will be engaging in foreign direct investment.34．Corporations receive no proceeds from the resale of their stock.35．According to the rule of 70, if you earn an interest rate of 3.5 percent, your savings will double about every 20 years.36．The value of a stock depends on the ability of the company to generate dividends and the expected price of the stock when the stockholder sells her shares.37．A minimum wage above equilibrium creates a labor surplus.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level. 39．The use of money allows trade to be roundabout.40．The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.41．In every economy, national saving equals domestic investment plus net capitaloutflow.42．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports represent the quantity of dollars demanded in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affectspecific firms and industries.44．If speculators bid up the value of the dollar in the market for foreign-currency exchange, aggregate demand would shift to the left.45．In response to a decrease in output the economy would revert to its original level of prices and output whether the decrease in output was caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.46．John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.47．An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate supply curve right. 48．Unemployment insurance and welfare programs work as automatic stabilizers. 49．In the long run, the inflation rate depends primarily on money supply growth.50．Although monetary policy cannot reduce the natural rate of unemployment, other types of policies can. 三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect: 52．depreciation: 53．capital flight: 54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.57．Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if a government goes from a deficit to a surplus.58．Which two of the Ten Principles of Economics imply that the Fed can profoundly affect the economy?59．The U.S. Treasury Department issues inflation-indexed bonds. What areinflation-indexed bonds and why are they important?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves.62．How does a reduction in the money supply by the Fed make owning stocks less attractive?63．Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10分)64. Suppose government spends $3 billion to buy police cars. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by more than $3 billion. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by less than $3 billion.65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation:53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷A参考答案1.c2.c3.d4.b5.a6.a7.a8.b9.b 10.a 11.b 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.b 16.b 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.b 21.a 22.d 23.c 24.c 25.b 26.d 27.d 28.a 29.a 30.d31.T 32.T 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42.T 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.F 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby contries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.52.a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy.53.a large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country.54.a period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession考生答题不得过此线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶密∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶封∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶ 任课教师：教学班号：姓名：学号：∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶装∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶订∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.The difference is that Malthus predicted that population growth would be greater than growth in the ability to increase output. He believed that people would continue to populate the earth until output reached a subsistence level. On the other hand Kremer argues that population growth increased productivity allowing people to improve their standard of living despite growing population. Kremer argues that with more population comes more innovations. The improvements in technology more than offset any adverse impact of the increase in population on the standard of living.57. As shown in the graph below, the economy starts in equilibrium at point E0 with interest rate r0 and equilibrium quantity of saving and investment at q0. If the government succeeds in obtaining a surplus, there will be more public saving in the economy at each interest rate, and the supply of loanable funds curve will shift from S0 to S1. The new equilibrium will be at E1, with a lower interest rate, r1 and a higher quantity of saving and investment, q1. Hence, if the federal government succeeds in having a surplus, interest rates will fall and investment will increase.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.2. There is a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.59. Inflation-indexed bonds are bonds whose interest and principal payments are adjusted upward for inflation, guaranteeing their real purchasing power in the future.They are important because they provide a safe, inflation-proof asset for savers and they may allow the Treasury to borrow more easily at a lower current cost.60. Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62. The reduction in the money supply raises the interest rate. So the return on bonds increases relative to the return on stocks. The increase in the interest rate also causes spending to fall so that revenues and profits fall making shares of ownership in corporations less valuable.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended. The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.64. 当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时，直接投资增加警车生产企业的利润，这种增加又使该企业雇佣更多工人，并增加生的。

宏观经济学期末试题及答案.doc

一、单选题（共15题，每题2分，共30分）1. （鼓励独立完成作业，严惩抄袭。

慎交作业，责任自负。

）哪一项计入GDP?（）（第二章，视频教学课件第7-9讲）A. 购买一辆用过的IH 自行车；B. 政府向低保户发放一笔救济金；C. 汽车制造厂买进10吨钢材；D. 银行向某企业收取一笔贷款利息试题编号是否评分：未评分评价描述：***2. 一国的国内生产总值小于国民生产总值，则该国公民从国外収得的收入（）外国国民从该国取得的收入。

（第二章，视频教学课件第7-9讲） A. 大于 B. 小于 C. 等于D. 不能确定试题编号：试题类型：单选题标准答案：和* 试题难度：一般试题解析：*** 考生答案：B 考生得分：*** 是否评分：未评分评价描述：***3. 在一个有家庭、企业、政府和国外的部门构成的四部门经济中，GDP 是（）的总和。

（第二章，视频教学课件第7-9讲）政府购买和净出口：政府购买和净出口；政府购买和总出口；政府转移支付和净出口试题编号:试题类型标准答案试题难度试题解析考生答案考生得分单选题 *** 一般D*** A. 消费、 B. 消费、 C. 消费、 D. 消费、总投资、净投资、总投资、总投资、试题类型标准答案试题难度试题解析考生答案考生得分是否评分评价描述4. 在两部门收入•支出模型中，如果边际消费倾向为0.8,那么自主支出乘数为（）o （第三章，视频教学课件第10-18讲）A. 1.6B. 2.5C. 5D. 4试题编号单选题***一般A*** 未评分试题类型单选题标准答案试题难度试题解析考生答案一般 ***C考生得分：***是否评分未评分评价描述***5.固定税制度下的自发支出乘数（）变动税制下的自发支出乘数。

（第三章，视频教学课件第10・18讲） A. 大于 B. 小于 C. 等于 D. 不能确定试题编号试题类型标准答案试题难度试题解析考生答案考生得分单选题 *** 一般 ***C是否评分：未评分评价描述：***6.当经济出现膨胀缺口时，以下可以使经济达到充分就业均衡水平的措施有（）o （第三章，视频教学课件第10-18讲）A.增加白发消费B.增加计划投资C.提高边际消费倾向D.增加进口试题编号：试题类型：单选题标准答案：***试题难度：一般试题解析：***考生答案：D考生得分：***是否评分：未评分评价描述：***7.下列哪项不是人们持有货币的动机（）0（第四章，视频教学课件第19・25讲）A.交易动机B.预防动机C.投机动机D.均衡财富试题编号：试题类型：单选题标准答案：***试题难度：一般试题解析：***考生答案：D考生得分：***是否评分：未评分评价描述：***& 利率和收入的组合点出现在IS曲线左下方，LM曲线右下方区域中，则表示（）。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷与答案( A 卷)

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（ A 卷）一、名词解释题（本题型共5题。

每题2分，共10分，将答案写在答题纸上）1．国民生产总值2. 消费函数3. 充分就业4 经济周期5. 菲利普斯曲线二、单项选择题（本题型共30题。

每题正确答案只有一个，从每题的备选答案中选出正确的答案，将其英文字母编号填入答题纸上相应的空格．．．．．内。

每题1分，共30分）1、今年的名义国内生产总值大于去年的名义国内生产总值，说明：( )A.、今年物价水平一定比去年高了；B、今年生产的物品和劳务的总量一定比去年增加了；C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了；D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。

2、一国的国内生产总值小于国民生产总值，说明该国公民从外国取得的收入( )外国公民从该国取得的收入( )A.、大于；B、小于；C、等于；D、可能大于也可能小于。

3、两部门的均衡是：（）A: I=S；B: I+G=S+T；C: I+G+X=S+T+M；D: AD=AS。

4、一般地说，通货膨胀会使（）。

A．债权人受损，债务人受益；B．债权人受益，债务人受损；C．债权人和债务人都受益；D．债权人和债务人都受损。

5、在货币总量不变条件下，当物价上升，货币投机需求减少，利率上升，从而抑制投资需求和居民信贷消费需求，导致产出的下降，这种效应被称为（）A. 净出口效应；B. 利率效应；C.实际余额效应；D.财富效应。

6、总需求曲线向下倾斜的原因之一是( )：A. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将增加消费；B. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将减少消费；C. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将减少消费；D. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将增加消费。

7、在LM曲线即定时，扩张性的财政政策使IS曲线向（）。

A: 上移； B: 下移；C: 不变； D: 无联系。

8、假设银行利率为6%，在下列几项投资中，投资者应该选择（）：A.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是2%；B.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是5%；C.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是8%；D.无法确定。

(完整word版)宏观经济学期末考试试题库

宏观经济学期末考试复习题一、填空题：在题目中的空格上填入正确答案 (每一空格1分,共12分)1. 宏观经济学的中心理论是国民收入决定理论。

1. 宏观经济学要解决的解决问题是资源利用问题。

2. 国内生产总值（GDP）是指一个国家领土内在一定时期内所生产的全部最终产品和劳务的市场价值。

2. 国民生产总值（GNP）是指一国在某一给定时期内所生产全部最终产品和劳务的市场价值。

3 边际消费倾向是指消费增量和收入增量之比，它表示每增加一个单位的收入时消费的变动情况。

3. 乘数是指自发总需求的增加所引起的国民收入增加的倍数，在二部门模型中乘数的大小取决于边际消费倾向。

4.货币的交易需求和预防需求与国民收入成同方向变动。

4货币的投机需求与利率成反方向变动。

5. IS曲线是描述产品市场上实现均衡时，利率与国民收入之间关系的曲线。

5. LM曲线是描述货币市场上实现均衡时，利率与国民收入之间关系的曲线。

6. 总需求曲线是描述产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时，价格水平与国民收入间依存关系的曲线。

它是一条向右下倾斜的曲线。

6. 总需求曲线是描述产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时，价格水平与国民收入之间依存关系的曲线。

它是一条向右下倾斜的曲线。

7. 当就业人数为1600万，失业人数为100万时，失业率为 5.9% 。

7. 若价格水平1970年为80，1980年为100，则70年代的通货膨胀率为25% 。

8. 经济周期的中心是国民收入的波动。

8. 经济周期是指资本主义市场经济生产和再生产过程中出现的周期性出现的经济扩张与经济衰退交替更迭循环往复的一种现象。

10.具有自动稳定器作用的财政政策，主要是个人和公司的所得税，以及各种转移支付。

10.功能财政思想主张财政预算不在于追求政府收支平衡，而在于追求无通货膨胀的充分就业。

12.货币供给量增加使LM曲线右移,若要均衡收入变动接近于LM曲线的移动量,则必须LM陡峭而IS 平缓；12. 在LM平缓而IS 垂直的情况中,增加货币供给不会影响均衡收入。

(完整版)宏观经济学期末试卷和答案

.一、 1、在一般状况下，公民收入核算系统中数值最小的是：A、国内生产净值B、个人收入C、个人可支配收入D、公民收入E、国内生产总值2、以下哪一项应计入GDP 中：A、面包厂购置的面粉B、购置 40 股股票C、家庭主妇购置的面粉D、购置政府债券E、以上各项都不该计入。

3、计入 GDP 的有：A、家庭主妇的家务劳动折算合成的收入B、拍卖毕加索作品的收入C、入迷股票的收入D、夜晚为街坊照看小孩的收入E、从政府那边获取的困难补贴收入4、在以下各项中，属于经济中的注入要素是A 、投资； B、积蓄； C、净税收； D、入口。

5、政府支出乘数A、等于投资乘数B、比投资乘数小 1C、等于投资乘数的相反数D、等于转移支付乘数E、以是说法都不正确6、在以下状况中，投资乘数最大的是A、边沿花费偏向为；B、边沿积蓄偏向为；C、边沿积蓄偏向为；D、边沿积蓄偏向为。

7、公民花费函数为C=80+0.8Y ，假如花费增添100 亿元，公民收入A、增添 100亿元；B、减少100 亿元；C、增添 500亿元；D、减少500 亿元。

8、假如政府支出增添A、对 IS 曲线无响应B、 IS 曲线向右挪动C、 IS 曲线向左挪动D、以上说法都不正确9、政府税收的增添将A、对 IS 曲线无响应B、 IS 曲线向右挪动C、 IS 曲线向左挪动D、以上说法都不正确10、位于 IS 曲线左下方的收入与利率的组合，都是A、投资大于积蓄；B、投资小于积蓄；C、投资等于积蓄；D、没法确立。

11、当经济中未达到充足就业时，假如LM 曲线不变，政府支出增添会致使A、收入增添、利率上涨；B、收入增添、利率降落；C、收入减少、利率上涨；D、收入减少、利率降落。

12、一般地，在 IS 曲线不变时，钱币供应减少会致使A、收入增添、利率上涨；B、收入增添、利率降落；C、收入减少、利率上涨；D、收入减少、利率降落。

13、假如现行产出水平为10 万亿元，总需求为 8 万亿，能够判定，若经济不是充足就业，那么：A、就业水平将降落B、收入水平将上涨C、收入和就业水平将平衡D、就业量将上涨E、就业水平将上涨，收入将降落14、在流动圈套（凯恩斯圈套）中A、钱币政策和财政政策都十分有效B、钱币政策和财政政策都无效C、钱币政策无效，财政政策有效D、钱币政策有效，财政政策无效E、以上说法都不正确15、假如实行扩充性的钱币政策，中央银行可采纳的举措是A、卖出国债；B、提升法定准备金比率；C、降低再贴现率；D、提升再贴现率；16、假如名义利率为6%，通货膨胀率为12%，那么实质利率是A、6%； B、 18%； C、 12%；D 、 -6%。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷(附答案)

1．In the United States real GDP is reported each quarter.a. These numbers are adjusted to make them measure at annual and seasonally adjusted rates.b. These numbers are adjusted to make them annual rates, but no adjustment for seasonal variations are made.c. These numbers are quarterly rates that have been seasonally adjusted.d. These numbers are at quarterly rates and have not been seasonally adjusted.2．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by a. more than 1 percent. b. less than 1 percent. c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.3．If increases in the prices of U.S. medical care cause the CPI to increase by 2 percent,the GDP deflator will likely increase by a. more than 2 percent. b. 2 percent. c. less than 2 percent.d. All of the above are correct.4．The traditional view of the production process is that capital is subject to a. constant returns. b. increasing returns. c. diminishing returns.d. diminishing returns for low levels of capital, and increasing returns for high levels of capital.5．Which of the following is correct?a. Political instability can reduce foreign investment, reducing growth.6．Use the following table to answer the following question. Assume that the closing price was also the average price at which each stock transaction took place. Whatwas the total dollar volume of Gillette stock traded that day?a. $912,840,000b. $91,284,000c. $9,128,400d. $912,8407．Suppose that in a closed economy GDP is equal to 10,000, taxes are equal to 2,500 Consumption equals 6,500 and Government expenditures equal 2,000. What are private saving, public saving, and nationalsaving? a. 1500, 1000, 500 b. 1000, 500, 1500 c. 500, 1500, 1000d. None of the above are correct.8．Risk-averse people will choose different asset portfolios than people who are not risk averse. Over a longperiod of time, we would expect that a. every risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than every non-risk averse person. b. every risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than every non-risk averse person.c. the average risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.d. the average risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.9．The natural rate of unemployment is the精品文档a. unemployment rate that would prevail with zero inflation.b. rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP.c. difference between the long-run and short-run unemployment rates.d. amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences.10．Suppose that the reserve ratio is 5 percent and that a bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its required reserves area. $5.b. $50.c. $95.d. $950.11．Suppose a bank has $200,000 in deposits and $190,000 in loans. It has a reserve ratio ofa. 5 percentb. 9.5 percentc. 10 percentd. None of the above is correct.12．The inflation taxa. transfers wealth from the government to households.b. is the increase in income taxes due to lack of indexation.c. is a tax on everyone who holds money.d. All of the above are correct.13．In 1898, prospectors on the Klondike River discovered gold. This discovery caused an unexpected price levela. decrease that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.b. decrease that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.c. increase that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.d. increase that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.14．Ivan, a Russian citizen, sells several hundred cases of caviar to a restaurant chain in the United States. By itself, this salea. increases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.b. increases U.S. net exports and decreases Russian net exports.c. decreases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.d. decreases U.S. net exports and increases Russian net exports.15．Suppose that the real exchange rate between the United States and Kenya is defined in terms of baskets of goods. Which of the following will increase the real exchange rate (that is increase the number of baskets of Kenyan goods a basket of U.S. goods buys)?a. an increase in the number of Kenyan shillings that can be purchased with a dollarb. an increase in the price of U.S. baskets of goodsc. a decrease in the price in Kenyan shillings of Kenyan goodsd. All of the above are correct.16．Use the (hypothetical) information in the following table to answer the next question.In real terms, U.S. goods are more expensive than goods in which country(ies)?a. Brazil and Mexicob. Japan, Sweden, and Thailandc. Japan and Swedend. Thailand.17．Which of the following would tend to shift the supply of dollars in foreign-currency exchange market of the open-economy macroeconomic model to the left?a. The exchange rate rises.b. The exchange rate falls.c. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets rises.d. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets falls.18．The real exchange rate equals the relativea. price of domestic and foreign currency.b. price of domestic and foreign goods.c. rate of domestic and foreign interest.d. None of the above is correct.精品文档19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, if the supply of loanable funds increases, the interest ratea. and the real exchange rate increase.b. and the real exchange rate decrease.c. increases and the real exchange rate decreases.d. decreases and the real exchange rate increases.20．For the following question, use the graph below.The initial effect of an increase in the budget deficit in the loanable funds market is illustrated as a move froma. a tob.b. a toc.c. c to b.d. c to d.21．When the government spends more, the initial effect is thata. aggregate demand shifts right.b. aggregate demand shifts left.c. aggregate supply shifts right.d. aggregate supply shifts left.22．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a sharp increase in the minimum wage, a major new discovery of oil, a large influx of immigrants, and new environmental regulations that reduce electricity production. In the short run, we would expecta. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall.b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise.c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.23．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a large influx of skilled immigrants, a major new discovery of oil, and a major new technological advance in electricity production. In the short run, we would expecta. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall.b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise.c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.24．According to liquidity preference theory, the money supply curve isa. upward sloping.b. downward sloping.c. vertical.d. horizontal.25．When the Fed buys government bonds, the reserves of the banking systema. increase, so the money supply increases.b. increase, so the money supply decreases.c. decrease, so the money supply increases.d. decrease, so the money supply decreases.26．According to the theory of liquidity preference, an increase in the price level causes thea. interest rate and investment to rise.b. interest rate and investment to fall.c. interest rate to rise and investment to fall.d. interest rate to fall and investment to rise.27．If the stock market crashes,a. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.b. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.c. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.d. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.精品文档28．If the MPC = 3/5, then the government purchases multiplier isa. 5/3.b. 5/2.c. 5.d. 15.29．If the government raises government expenditures, in the short run, pricesa. rise and unemployment falls.b. fall and unemployment rises.c. and unemployment rise.d. and unemployment fall.30．If the long-run Phillips curve shifts to the left, for any given rate of money growth and inflation the economy will havea. higher unemployment and lower output.b. higher unemployment and higher output.c. lower unemployment and lower output.d. lower unemployment and higher output.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．When an American doctor opens a practice in Bermuda, his production there is part of U.S. GDP.32．In countries where women are discriminated against, policies that increase their career and educational opportunities are likely to increase the birth rate.33．Michael Kramer found that world growth rates have increased as population has.34．Suppose a small closed economy has GDP of $5 billion, Consumption of $3 billion, and Government expenditures of $1 billion. Then domestic investment and national saving are both $1 billion.35．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, at any moment in time, the market price is the best guess of the company's value based on available information.36．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, stocks follow a random walk so that stocks that increase in price one year are more likely to increase than decrease in the next year.37．In the United States, blacks and whites have similar labor force participation rates, but blacks have a higher unemployment rate.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level.39．In the months of November and December, people in the United States hold a larger part of their money in the form of currency because they intend to shop for the holidays. As a result, the money supply increases, cerise parousia.40．In the 1990s, U.S. prices rose at about the same rate as in the 1970s.41．According to the theory of purchasing-power parity, the real exchange rate defined as foreign goods per unit of U.S. goods will equal the domestic price level divided by the foreign price level.42．Net capital outflow represents the quantity of dollars supplied in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．If policymakers impose import restrictions on automobiles, the U.S. trade deficit would shrink.44．Most economists believe that classical theory explains the world in the short run, but not the long run.45．Because not all prices adjust instantly to changing conditions, an unexpected fall in the price level leaves some firms with higher-than-desired prices, and these higher-than-desired prices depress sales and induce firms to reduce the quantity of goods and services they produce.46．All explanations for the upward slope of the short-run aggregate supply curve suppose that output supplied increases when the price level increases more than expected.47．Both the multiplier and the investment accelerator tend to make the aggregate demand curve shift farther than the increase in government expenditures.48．During recessions, the government tends to run a budget deficit.49．If macroeconomic policy expands aggregate demand, unemployment will fall and inflation will rise in the short run.50．The analysis of Friedman and Phelps argues that any change in inflation that is expected has no impact on the unemployment rate.精品文档三、名词解释(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)51．diminishing returns:52．nominal exchange rate: 53．crowding-out effect: 54．stagflation:55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Why are property rights important for the growth of a nation's standard of living? 57．Suppose that you are a broker and people tell you the following about themselves. Whatsort of bond would you recommend to each? Defend your choices. a. "I am in a high federal income tax bracket and I don't want to take very much risk." b. "I want a high return and I am willing to take a lot of risk to get it."c. "I want a decent return and I have enough deductions that I don't value tax breakshighly."58．Draw a simple T-account for First National Bank of Me,which has $5,000 of deposits, a reserve ratio of 10 percent, and excess reserves of $300.59．What are the costs of inflation?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right. 61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand andlong-run aggregate supply curves.62．Why do economists think that the wealth effect and exchange-rate effect are not very important factors inexplaining why aggregate demand slopes downward, at least in the United States?63．Describe the process in the money market by which the interest rate reaches its equilibrium value if it startsabove equilibrium.五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分)64. Assume the economy is in a recession. Explain how each of the following policies would affectconsumption and investment. In each case, indicate any direct effects, any effects resulting from changes in total output, any effects resulting from changes in interest rate, and the overall effect. If there are conflicting effects making the answer ambiguous, say so. a). a reduction in taxes; b) an expansion of the money supply. 65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.精品文档11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49.50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation: 53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)精品文档五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)精品文档《宏观经济学》试卷B参考答案1.a2.d3.c4.c5.a6.b7.b8.d9.d 10.b 11.a 12.c 13.d 14.d 15.d 16.d 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.c 21.a 22.d 23.b 24.c 25.a 26.c 27.c 28.b 29.a 30.d31.F 32.F 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.F 37.T 38.F 39.F 40.F 41.F 42.T 43.F 44.F 45.T 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby the benefit from an extra unit of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases.52.the rate at which a person can trade the currency of one country for the currency of another.53.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.54.a period of falling output and rising prices.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.Property rights are an important prerequisite for the price system to work in a market economy. If an individual or company is not confident that claims over property or over the income from property can be protected, or that contracts can be enforced, there will be little incentive for individuals to save, invest, or start new businesses. Likewise, there will be little incentive for foreigners to invest in the real or financial assets of the country. The distortion of incentives will reduce efficiency in resource allocation and will精品文档reduce saving and investment which in turn will reduce the standard of living.57. a. A municipal bond, because generally they have low credit risk and are notsubject to federal income tax.b. A junk bond. Because of their high risk, they have a high return.c. A corporate bond that isn't a junk bond. Because they have more risk thangovernment bonds and have no special tax treatment, they pay moderate ratesof return.58.First National Bank of MeAssets LiabilitiesReserves $800 Deposits $5,000Loans $4,20059.The costs of inflation include "shoeleather costs," the cost of reducing your money holdings to reduce your inflation tax; "menu costs," the costs of price adjustments; the costs of resource misallocation that result from the relative-price variability induced by inflation; the costs of inflation-induced tax distortions; the costs of confusion and inconvenience; and the costs associated with the arbitrary redistribution of wealth that accompany unexpected inflation.60.Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph. Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62.The wealth effect is not very important because it operates through changes in the real value of money, and money is only a small fraction of household wealth. So it is unlikely that changes in the price level will lead to large changes in consumption spending through this channel. The exchange-rate effect is not very important in the United States because trade with other countries represents a relatively small fraction of U.S. GDP.63. If the interest rate is above equilibrium, there is an excess supply of money. People with more money than they want to hold given the current interest rate deposit the money in banks and buy bonds. The increase in funds to lend out causes the interest rate to fall. As the interest rate falls, the quantity of money demanded increases, which tends to diminish the excess supply of money.64. a) 税收减少增加了储蓄的收益、减少了投资的成本，但税收减少对储蓄和投资的影响要视情况而定。