结构设计常用专业英语
求建筑设计类专业英语词汇
求建筑设计类专业英语词汇1. Architectural design - 建筑设计2. Blueprint - 蓝图3. Sketch - 素描4. Drafting - 草图5. Floor plan - 平面图6. Elevation - 立面图7. Section - 剖面图8. Construction documents - 建筑施工图纸9. Structural design - 结构设计10. Building materials - 建筑材料11. Foundation - 地基12. Structural beams - 结构梁13. Roofing - 屋顶材料14. Interior design - 室内设计15. Spatial planning - 空间规划16. Lighting design - 照明设计17. Furniture arrangement - 家具布置18. Sustainable design - 可持续设计19. Energy efficiency - 能源效率20. Green building - 绿色建筑21. Urban planning - 城市规划22. Zoning - 分区23. Land use - 土地利用24. Site analysis - 场地分析25. Building codes - 建筑规范26. Accessibility - 无障碍性设计27. Fire safety - 防火安全28. Structural integrity - 结构完整性29. Construction management - 建筑工程管理30. Project timeline - 项目进度表31. Cost estimation - 成本估算32. Quality control - 质量控制33. Building permit - 建筑许可34. Construction site - 建筑工地35. Exterior façade - 建筑外立面36. Sustainability - 可持续性37. Aesthetics - 美学38. Functionality - 功能性39. Material selection - 材料选择40. Building regulations - 建筑法规。
结构设计专用英语
结构设计专用英语capture[英] [ˈkæptʃə] [美] [ˈkæptʃɚ]生词本vt.俘获；夺取；夺得；引发（注意、想像、爱好）n.捕捉；占据；direction[英] [diˈrekʃən] [美] [dɪˈrɛkʃən, daɪ-]生词本n.方向，指南；指挥，指导module[英] [ˈmɔdju:l] [美] [ˈmɑdʒul]生词本n.模块；组件；（宇宙飞船上各个独立的）舱；测量流水等的单位Port端口； [人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 波特地貌名称，城门或职业名称，守门人来源于中世纪英语，含义是“门口，人口”(gateway，entrance)； [人名] [英格兰人姓氏] 波特地貌名称，来源于中世纪英语，含义是“口岸，集镇”(analog[英] [ˈænəˌlɔ:g, -ˌlɔg] [美] [ˈænəˌlɔɡ, -ˌlɑɡ]生词本n.类似物，同源语； <电脑>模拟adj. (钟表)有长短针的；directional[英] [diˈrekʃənəl] [美] [dɪˈrɛkʃənəl, daɪ-]生词本adj.方向的microphone[英] [ˈmaikrəfəun] [美] [ˈmaɪkrəˌfon]生词本n.扩音器，麦克风；话筒available[英] [əˈveiləbl] [美] [əˈveləbəl]生词本adj.可用的；有空的；可会面的； (戏票、车票等)有效的常见度：•description[英] [disˈkripʃən] [美] [dɪˈskrɪpʃən]生词本n.描述；形容；种类；类型常见度：•feature[英] [ˈfi:tʃə] [美] [ˈfitʃɚ]生词本n.特点，特点；面貌，面貌；（期刊的）特辑；故事片vt.使有特色；描述……的特点；以……为号召物vi.起要紧作用；作重要角色mount[英] [maunt] [美] [maʊnt]生词本vt.& vi.登上；骑上vi.增加；上升vt.安装，架置；镶嵌，嵌入；预备上演；成立（军队等）n.山峰；攀，登；运载工具；底座configuration[英] [kənˌfiɡjuˈreiʃən] [美] [kənˌfɪɡjəˈreʃən]生词本n.组合，布置；结构，构造； [化]（分子中原子的）组态，排列； [物application[英] [ˌæpliˈkeiʃən] [美] [ˌæplɪˈkeʃən]生词本n.适用，应用，运用；申请，请求，申请表格；勤勉，用功；敷用，敷用药mechanical[英] [miˈkænikəl] [美] [mɪˈkænɪkəl]生词本adj.机械的，机械学的；呆板的；体力的；手工操作的specification[英] [ˌspes ifiˈkeiʃən] [美] [ˌspɛsəfɪˈkeʃən]生词本n.规格；详述；说明书acoustic[英] [əˈku:stik] [美] [əˈkustɪk]生词本adj.听觉的；声material[英] [məˈtiəriəl] [美] [məˈtɪriəl]生词本n.材料，原料；素材；布，织物；适当人选adj.物质的；肉体的；重要的，决定性plating[英] [ˈpleitiŋ] [美] [ˈpletɪŋ]生词本n.电镀，被覆金属v.镀( plate的此刻electrical[iˈlektrikəl]生词本adj.用电的usable[英] [ˈju:zəbəl] [美] [ˈjuzəbəl]生词本adj.可用的；合用的；便于利用的assignment[英] [əˈsainmənt] [美] [əˈsaɪnmənt]生词本n.分给，分派；任务，工作，（课外）作业； <美>录用；指定，委派常见度：•recommend[英] [ˌrekəˈmend] [美] [ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd]生词本vt.推荐；劝告；使显得吸引人；拜托vi.推荐；建议layout[英] [ˈleiaut] [美] [ˈleˌaʊt]生词本n.布局，安排，设计；布置图，计划图welding[英] [ˈweldɪŋ]生词本n.焊接法，定位焊接；粘结vt.熔接；锻接；使结合vi.焊牢，能被焊接v.焊接( weld的此刻分pattern[英] [ˈpætən] [美] [ˈpætən]生词本n.模式；花腔，样品；图案；表率，典范vt.仿照；以图案装饰vi.形成图案prohibit[英] [prəˈhibit] [美] [proˈhɪbɪt]生词本vt.禁止，阻止，plug[英] [plʌɡ] [美] [plʌɡ]生词本n.塞子；插头；消防栓；（内燃机的）火花塞vt.& vi.插上插头vt.以（塞子）塞住；插入；〈俚〉枪击，殴打vi.填塞，堵；〈俚〉勤苦工作，用schematic[英] [ski:ˈmætɪk, skɪ-] [美] [skiˈmætɪk, skɪ-]生词本adj.纲要的；示意的；严谨的；有章法的n.图表，(尤指)电常见度：•assembly[英] [əˈsembli] [美] [əˈsɛmbli]生词本n.装配；集会； [军]集合号，集合鼓，集合； [机]装配，装配车间，供装配的零件style[英] [stail] [美] [staɪl]生词本n.风格；时尚；说话的态度，文体；仪表，品位vt.设计；称号；为……造型vi.使符合流行式样；用刻刀作装饰画contact[英] [ˈkɔntækt] [美] [ˈkɑnˌtækt]生词本n.接触；触点； [医]（传染病）接触人；路子vt.使接触；与……联系；与……通信（或通话）vi.联系，接触rating[英] [ˈreitiŋ] [美] [ˈretɪŋ]生词本n.品级；评估，评判；极限；收听率，收视率v.估价（ rateattached[英] [əˈtætʃt] [美] [əˈtætʃt]生词本adj.附加的，附属的；依恋的；倾心的v.贴上，系，附上carton[英] [ˈkɑ:tən] [美] [ˈkɑrtn]生词本n.尤指装食物或液体的）硬纸盒；塑料盒；硬纸盒（或塑料盒）所装物品；纸板盒vt.用盒包装export[英] [eksˈpɔ:t] [美] [ɪksˈpɔrt]生词本vt.& vi.出口，输出vt.传播，输出（思想或活动）[ˈekspɔ:t]n.输出，出口；输出[出口]物layer[英] [ˈleiə] [美] [ˈleɚ]生词本n.层，层次；膜； [植]压条；放置者，打算者vt.把……分层堆放；借助压条法；生根繁衍；将（头发）剪成不同层次vi.形成或分成层次； [植]通过压条法而生根housing[英] [ˈhauziŋ] [美] [ˈhaʊzɪŋ]生词本n.房屋；供给住宅；掩护；外罩scale[英] [skeil] [美] [skel]生词本n.规模；比例（尺）；鱼鳞；级别vt.测量；攀登；刮去……的鳞片vi.衡量；攀actuator[英] [ˈæktjueitə] [美] [ˈæktʃuˌetɚ]生词本n.鼓励者； [电脑]执行机构； [电](电磁铁)螺线管； [机]促动器point[英] [pɔint] [美] [pɔɪnt]生词本n.点；要点；得分；标点vt.（意思上）指向；削尖；加标点于；指路vi.说明；指向常见度：•applicable[英] [ˈæplikəbl] [美] [ˈæplɪkəbəl, əˈplɪkə-]生词本adj.适当的；可应用的bezel[英] [ˈbezəl] [美] [ˈbɛzəl]生词本n.凿的刃角，宝石的斜面； (相框、电脑屏幕等的)边框opening[英] [ˈəupəniŋ] [美] [ˈopənɪŋ]生词本n.揭幕，开始；空缺的职位； [商]开盘，交易开始时刻；（职位的）空缺adj.第一次的，开始的v.（打）开（ open的此刻分词）；detail[英] [ˈdi:teil] [美] [dɪˈtel, ˈdiˌtel]生词本简明释义更多资料n.详述；（照片、绘画等的）细部；细目，琐碎；各类细节vt.详述，认真汇报；选派；清楚地说明；给manufacturer[英] [ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərə] [美] [ˌmænjəˈfæktʃəɚ]生词本n.制造商，制造symbol[英] [ˈsimbəl] [美] [ˈsɪmbəl]生词本•n.象征；标志；符号；记号vt.用符号代表combo[英] [ˈkɔmbəʊ] [美] [ˈkɑmbo]生词本<美口>套餐，如色拉、三明治、饮料等的组合食物n.小型爵士乐队，小型伴舞乐队working hight工作高度aluminum[英] [əˈlu:mənəm] [美] [əˈlumənəm]生词本n. <美>铝PS•abbr. postscript附言；1.（信末签名后的）附笔，又及 You write PS to introduce something that you add at the end of a letterafter you have signed it.PS. Please show your friends this letter and the enclosed leaflet.附:请把这封信和内装的小册子给你的朋友们看看。
结构常用英语专业词汇
结构专业STRUCTURE目录a. LOAD 荷载b. GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION 地基及基础c. REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE 钢筋混凝土结构d. STEEL STRUCTURE 钢结构e. DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMIC 抗震设计f. GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGN 设计常用词汇g. GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION 施工常用词汇正文a. Load 荷载拔力pulling force标准值standard value残余应力residual stress冲击荷载impact load, punch load残余变形residual deformation承压bearing承载能力bearing capacity承重bearing, load bearing承重结构bearing structure脆性材料brittle material脆性破坏brittle failure抵抗力resisting power, resistance吊车荷载crane load分布荷载distributed load风荷载wind load风速wind velocity, wind speed风压wind pressure风振wind vibration浮力buoyance, floatage符号symbol, mark负弯矩negative moment, hogging moment 附加荷载additional load附加应力additional stress副作用side effect, by-effect刚度rigidity刚度比ratio of rigidity刚度系数rigidity factor刚接rigid connection刚性节点rigid joint恒载dead load荷载传递transmission of load固端弯矩fixed-end moment活荷载live load积灰荷载dust load集中荷载concentrated load加载, 加荷loading剪力shear, shearing force剪切破坏shear failure剪应变shear strain剪应力shear stress简支simple support静定结构statically determinate structure截面模量modulus of section, section modulus 静力static force静力分析static analysis局部压力local pressure, partial pressure局部压屈local bulkling绝对值absolute value均布荷载uniformly distributed load抗拔力pulling resistance抗剪刚度shear rigidity抗剪强度shear strength, shearing strength抗拉强度tensile strength抗扭torsion resistance抗扭刚度torsional rigidity抗弯bending resistance抗弯刚度bending rigidity抗压强度compressive strength, compression strength 可靠性reliability可靠性设计reliability design拉力tensile force拉应力tensile stress, tension stress拉应变tensile strain, tension strain临界点critical point临界荷载critical load临界应力critical stress密度density离心力centrifugal force摩擦力friction force摩擦系数frictional factor挠度deflection内力internal force, inner force扭矩moment of torsion, torsional moment疲劳强度fatigue strength偏心荷载eccentric load, non-central load偏心距eccentric distance, eccentricity偏心受拉eccentric tension偏心受压eccentric compression屈服强度yield strength使用荷载working load水平力horizontal force水平推力horizontal thrust弹塑性变形elastoplastic deformation弹性elasticity, resilience, spring塑限plastic limit弹性变形elastic deformation塑性变形plastic deformation弹性模量modulus of elastic, elastic modulus体积volume, bulk, cubature, cubage土压力earth pressure, soil pressure弯矩bending moment, moment弯曲半径radius at bent, radius of curve位移displacement温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action系数coefficient, factor雪荷载snow load压应变compression strain压应力compression stress应力集中concentration of stress预应力prestressing force, prestress振动荷载vibrating load, racking load支座反力support reaction自重own weight作用action, effect作用点point of application, application jointb. Ground Base and Foundation 地基及基础板桩sheet pile, sheeting pile板桩基础sheet pile foundation饱和粘土saturation clay冰冻线frost line, freezing level不均匀沉降unequal settlement, differential settlement 残积土residual soil沉积物deposit, sediment沉降settlement沉降差difference in settlement沉降缝settlement joint沉井sinking well, sunk well沉箱caisson持力层bearing stratum冲积alluviation锤夯hammer tamping档土墙retaining wall, breast wall底板base slab, base plate, bed plate地板floor board地基ground base, ground地基承载力ground bearing capacity地基处理ground treatment, soil treatment地基稳定base stabilization地梁ground beam, ground sill地漏floor drain地下工程substructure work, understructure work地下室basement, cellar地下水ground water地下水位groundwater level, water table地下水压力ground water pressure地质报告geologic report垫层bedding, blinding独立基础isolated foundation, individual foundation端承桩end-bearing pile筏式基础raft foundation粉砂silt, rock flour粉质粘土silty clay粉质土silty soil扶壁式档土墙buttressed retaining wall腐蚀corrosion覆土earth covering刚性基础rigid foundation沟盖板trench cover固结consolidation灌注桩cast-in-place pile, cast in site pile护坡slope protection, revetment护桩guard pile环墙ring wall灰土lime earth回填backfill, backfilling回填土backfill, backfill soil混凝土找平层concrete screed火山灰水泥trass cement基槽foundation trench基础foundation, base基础底板foundation slab基础埋深embedded depth of foundation基础平面图foundation plan地基勘探site exploration, site investigation 基坑foundation pit集水坑collecting sump阶形基础stepped foundation结合层binding course, bonding course井点well point井点排水well point unwatering开挖excavation, cutting勘测exploration and survey勘测资料exploration data沥青bitumen, asphalt, pitch联合基础combined foundation卵石cobble, pebble埋置embedment毛石基础rubble foundation锚筋anchor bar锚桩anchor pile密实度compactness, density, denseness摩擦桩friction pile, floating pile粘土clay粘质粉土clay silt碾压roller compaction, rolling排水drainage, dewatering排水沟drainage ditch排水孔weep hole, drain hole排水设备dewatering equipment普通硅酸盐水泥ordinary Portland cement 群桩grouped piles容许沉降permissible settlement容许承载力allowable bearing软土soft soil砂垫层sand bedding course, sand cushion砂土sandy soil, sands砂质粉土sandy silt设备基础equipment foundation水泥搅拌桩cement injection素土夯实rammed earth, packed soil碎石桩stone columns弹性地基elastic foundation弹性地基梁beam on elastic foundation填方fill, filling填土earth-fill, earth filling, filling条形基础strip foundation土方工程earthwork挖方excavation work, excavation箱形基础box foundation压实compaction, compacting压实系数compacting factor验槽check of foundation subsoil预制混凝土桩precast concrete pile中砂medium sand重力式档土墙gravity retaining wall桩承台pile cap钻孔桩bored pile钻探exploration drilling, drilling,最终沉降final settlement基础梁ground beamc. Reinforcement Concrete Structure 钢筋混凝土结构板缝slab joint板厚thickness of slab板式楼梯cranked slab stairs板跨度span of slab薄壁结构thin-walled structure薄腹梁thin wedded girder保护层protective coating臂式吊车boom crane, boom hoist边梁edge beam, boundary beam变截面variable cross-section变形缝movement joint变形钢筋deformed bar初凝initial setting, pre-setting次梁secondary beam大型屋面板precast ribbed roof slab单层厂房one-storied factory单筋梁beam with single reinforcement 单跨single span单向板one-way slab垫块cushion block垫梁template beam吊车梁crane beam, crane girder顶棚抹灰ceiling plastering端跨end span, tail bay多跨连续梁multi-span beam翻边upstand反梁upstand beam分布钢筋distribution-bar封闭式箍筋closed stirrup附加钢筋additional bar刚架rigid frame, stiff frame钢筋reinforcement, steel bar, bar钢筋表Bar Schedules钢筋笼steel reinforcement cage钢筋间距spacing of bars, bar spacing钢筋网bar-mat reinforcement, mesh reinforcement 钢筋砖reinforced brick勾缝joint pointing构架frame, gallows构件member, structural member构造construction构造钢筋constructional reinforcement构造柱onstructional column, tie column构筑物structure箍筋hoop reinforcement, hooping箍筋间距stirrup spacing固定端fixed end, retained end固端梁fixed-end beam, fixed beam过梁lintel, breast summer混凝土强度等级grade of concrete机制砖machine-made brick剪力墙shear wall简支梁simply supported beam经济跨度economic span经济配筋率economic ratio of reinforcement劲性钢筋stiff reinforcement劲性钢筋混凝土结构steel composite construction 径向钢筋radial reinforcement抗剪钢筋shear reinforcement抗拉钢筋tension reinforcement受压钢筋compression reinforcement可见裂缝visible crack刻痕钢丝indented steel wire坑pit, hollow, delve空斗墙rowlock cavity wall, rolock wall空心板hollow slab空心砖隔墙hollow tile partition跨度span框架frame框架剪力墙结构frame-shear wall structure 拉接钢筋tie bar栏杆railing, banister栏杆立柱railing post老化aging累积误差accumulated error肋形楼板ribbed floor slab冷拔低碳钢丝cold-drawn low-carbon wire 冷脆性cold shortness, cooling brittleness 冷弯cold bending冷轧cold rolling离析segregation梁垫beam pad, template, pad梁挠度beam deflection楼梯斜梁string, stringer螺旋楼梯spiral stair, winding staircase马鞍形壳saddle shell锚固anchoring门式刚架portal frame面砖, 墙面砖facing tile, wall tile耐火混凝土fire-resisting concrete排架bent, bent frame女儿墙parapet wall, parapet配筋率reinforcement ratio配箍率stirrup ratio砌块block圈梁ring beam, tie beam, bond beam山墙gable深梁deep beam伸缩缝expansion joint实腹梁solid web girder实腹柱solid web column竖向钢筋vertical reinforcement双向配筋two-way reinforcement素混凝土plain concrete筒中筒结构tube-in-tube structure网状钢筋steel mesh reinforcement围堰cofferdam, coffer无梁楼盖flat slab, flat plate系梁tie beam预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforced concrete 预应力构件prestressed component预制prefabrication预制板precast slab预制构件prefabrication component预制装配式结构prefabricated construction折板folded plate, folded slab折板结构folded-plate structure主筋main reinforcement, main bar主梁main beam, girder柱距column spacing, post spacing装配式结构fabricated structure纵梁longitudinal beam纵剖面longitudinal section纵向钢筋longitudinal bard. Steel Structure 钢结构薄壁型钢light-gauge steel section, hollow steel section 不等肢角钢unequal angle steel槽钢channel, channel steel背对背角钢组合angles back to back不锈钢stainless steel除锈rust-removal粗制螺栓rough bolt, black bolt带钢strip steel, band iron单面焊single weld, one-side welding地脚螺栓foundation bolt, anchor bolt,holding down bolt 点焊spot welding, point welding电动葫芦electric hoist等边角钢equal angle, equal leg angle对接焊, 对焊butt welding腹板web plate, web腹杆web member腹板加劲件web stiffener杆rod, bar钢板steel plate钢管steel tube, steel pipe钢桁架steel truss钢框架steel frame钢梯, 爬梯steel ladder高强度螺栓high strength bolt格构柱lattice column工字梁I-girder, I-beam工字钢I-steel工字形截面I-shaped cross-section 焊缝welding seam焊接welding焊接长度weld length焊条welding rod桁架truss红丹底漆red lead primer红丹漆red lead paint加劲肋stiffening rib, rib stiffener 加劲板stiffening plate角钢angle steel节点joint, node节点板gusset plate, gusset节点位移joint displacement节间长度panel length紧固螺栓clamp bolt, fastening bolt 精制螺栓turned bolt可焊性weldability空腹桁架open-web truss肋板ribbed panel, ribbed slab连接板connecting plate, joint plate檩条purline螺母screw nut, nut螺栓bolt螺栓孔bolt hole螺纹screw thread, thread螺纹长度length of thread螺纹钢screw-threaded steel, twisted steel拉杆tie rod, tension rod满焊full weld铆钉rivet锰钢manganese steel喷砂sand blasting轻钢结构lightweight steel construction三角架tripod上弦top chord, upper chord上弦横向水平支撑upper lateral bracing上弦纵向水平支撑upper longitudinal bracing 平面桁架plane truss实腹刚架solid web rigid frame塔架pylon bent特种钢special steel调和漆mixed paint贴角焊fillet weld, fillet welding托架bracket网架结构grid structure屋架roof truss, principal无缝钢管seamless steel pipe系杆tie rod, tie bar, tie下弦bottom chord, lower chord下弦横向水平支撑bottom lateral bracing斜撑diagonal brace, diagonal bracing型钢section steel, shaped steel悬索suspended cable, suspension cable压力焊pressure welding仰焊overhead welding, inverted welding翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate, cover plate轧制型钢rolled steel section支撑bracing, strutting铸铁管cast iron pipe组合槽钢built-up channel组合截面built-up section,compound section自动焊接automatic weldinge. Design for Antiseismic 抗震设计鞭梢效应whipping effect场地类别site classification场地土site soil单自由度体系single-degree of freedom system 底部剪力法equivalent base shear method地震earthquake, seism地震烈度earthquake intensity, seismic intensity 地震烈度区划图map of seismic intensity zoning 地震影响系数seismic influence coefficient地震作用earthquake action多自由度体系multi-degree of freedom system反应谱response spectrum抗震earthquake resistance抗震缝seismic joint, aseismic joint抗震构造aseismic construction抗震设防earthquake fortification抗震设计seismic design共振resonance基本周期foundamental period里氏震级Richter magnitude烈度intensity设计近震design near earthquake设计远震design far earthquake时程分析法time history method液化liquefaction振型vibration mode振型分解法modal analysis method震源earthquake focus震中earthquake epicenter自由度degree of freedom自振周期natural period of vibrationf. General Words for Design 设计常用词汇安装installation, erection报价offer, quoted price报价单quotation壁柱pilaster, mural column变更alteration, variation, modification变形deformation标高elevation, level标准standard, criterion标准大样standard detail标准图standard drawing补充规定additional regulations补充说明additional remarks补充条件supplementary conditions 不对称asymmetry布置arrangement, layout布置图layout plan, layout材料material材料表bill of materials材料强度strength of materials参见详图referring to detail drawing 参考点reference point参数parameter操作平台operating platform草图sketch, draft, rough drawing侧向刚度lateral rigidity侧向稳定lateral stability侧向约束lateral restraint侧向支撑lateral bracing, side bracing 拆除demolition, removal长细比slenderness ratio厂房factory building, mill building 超静定statical indetermination承包contract承包商contractor底标高bottom elevation电梯lift, elevator, electric lift电梯井elevator hoistway, lift well, lift shaft 电梯机房elevator machine room方案scheme, plan, programme方案设计schematic plan方案图schematic drawing防爆explosion protection,explosion-proofing 防潮层damp-proof course防冻freezing prevention, frost protection防冻剂antifreeze compound防腐preservation防腐剂preservative, preservative agent防滑slip-resistance防滑处理deslicking treatment防滑条non-slip insert防火fire prevention, fire proofing防火材料fireproof material防火分区fire compartment防水waterproofing防水材料waterproof material防水砂浆waterproof mortar防酸acid proofing方形square防锈rust prevention防锈剂anti-rust agent防振vibration protection分配系数distribution coefficient风化weathering, efflorescence风向wind direction附图attached drawing附注note, annotation高层建筑high-rise building高差difference in elevation高跨比ratio of rise to span高宽比depth-width ratio高耸结构high-rise structure隔断partition, divider工程project, engineering工程量quantities工程量表bill of quantities工业厂房industrial factory building 工业建筑industrial architecture公称直径nominal diameter公式formula公司company, corporation拱arch共振resonance, sympathetic vibration 管架pipe rack规范regulation, code规格specifications, standards规模scale, scope国家规范national regulation国家标准national standards合同contract横向变形transverse deformation横向刚度lateral rigidity化工厂chemical plant货梯freight elevator, goods lift极限承载能力ultimate bearing capacity纪要summary计算书calculation sheet技术资料technical data剪刀撑, 交叉撑X-brace, cross brace简图sketch, diagram简支梁simple beam交叉intersection, crossing交点intersection point铰接hinged connection, hinge joint, pin connection 结构变形structural deformation结构图structural drawing结构形式structural style结构稳定性structural stability结论conclusion, verdict截面section界限limits, bounds, demarcation line紧急出口emergency exit精确度accuracy, precision, excatitude,局部破坏local failure, partial failure矩形rectangular抗冻frost resisting抗风柱wind resistance column立面elevation, facade粒径particle diameter连续梁continuous beam两铰拱two-hinged arch裂缝rift, crack, crevice楼梯stair楼梯间staircase楼梯扶手stair rail楼梯净空stair headroom楼梯平台, 休息平台landing, pace, stair landing 楼梯坡度pitch of stair, slope of stair楼梯踏步stair step铝合金aluminum alloy铝合金窗aluminum alloy window民用建筑civil architecture摩擦friction耐火等级fire resistance rating耐久性durability, endurance爬梯cat ladder疲劳破坏fatigue failure频率frequency平面布置plan layout平台terrace, platform, deck平台栏杆platform railing剖面section剖面图sectional drawing侵蚀corrosion, erosion倾覆overturning, toppling人孔manhole容许误差allowable error, permissible error容许值permissible value, allowable value晒图blueprinting上部结构superstructure设计要求design requirements设计资料design data伸缩缝expansion joint室外楼梯exterior stair, outside stairway双向板two-way slab水平撑horizontal brace踏步step踏步板tread弹簧spring填充材料filling material填充墙filler wall挑板cantilever slab挑檐projecting eaves, overhang eaves停车场car park, parking lot通用构件standard member通用图standard drawing通用详图standard detail统一标准unified standards统一构件unified structure element投标bid, tender招标bidding图集collective drawings,collection of drawings 图签title block温差temperature difference稳定性stability, steadiness污水处理sewage disposal, sewage treatment 先张法预应力pretensioned prestressing现行标准currently effective standards详图, 大样detail drawing, detail橡胶止水带rubber waterstop消防firefighting, fire protection斜率slope卸荷unloading卸货平台discharging platform, unloading platform 悬臂cantilever悬臂板cantilever slab悬臂梁cantilever beam, overhanging beam悬挂hanging suspension压缩机compressor压缩模量modulus of compression延性ductility, ductileness业主client, owner一览表table, schedule, list有效截面effective section预应力损失loss of prestress,prestressing loss圆形circular shape, round圆柱circular column, round column约束confinement, restraint, constraint约束条件constrain condition展开图developed drawing栈桥landing stage, loading bridge罩棚awning折减系数reduction factor折算高度reduced height支座support, pedestal直爬梯vertical ladder止水带water stop中和轴neutral axis重心center of gravity周期period, cycle转弯半径turning radius转动惯量rotational inertia装卸平台loading and unloading platformg. General Words for Construction 施工常用词汇拌和料mixture标准级配standard grading补强strengthening, stiffening测量survey, measurement拆模form removal尺寸dimension, size抄平leveling处理treatment搭接lap joint, lapping, overlap joint搭接长度splicing length打底bedding, priming打夯, 夯实ramming, tamping打桩pile driving, piling, driving粗砂coarse sand捣实rodding, tamping地质勘测geological exploration,geological survey吊装hoisting定位locating, positioning堆料区stacking area洞口opening放大enlargement, amplification放线setting out放样lofting, setting out分层夯实compaction in layers分层回填back-filling in layers蜂窝麻面voids and pits改建reconstruction, alteration改造transformation, remodeling钢模steel mould钢套管steel thimble, steel sleeve工厂预制构件factory-made component骨料, 集料aggregate骨料级配gradation of aggregate骨料粒径aggregate size贯入度penetration灌浆grouting, grout jection和易性workability后张法post-tensioning method含水量water content, moisture content混凝土剥落scaling of concrete混凝土外加剂concrete additive, concrete agent 混凝土浇筑pouring of concrete级配gradation, grading加固reinforcement, strengthening加腋haunching间距spacing, pit建设building, construction建筑安装工程construction and installation work建筑材料building materials建筑结构building structure建筑设计院architecture design institute建筑施工building construction检修人孔inspection manhole浇筑pouring, placing, depositing脚手架scaffold, scaffolding结构标高structural elevation进度估计progress estimate净高clear height净距clear distance净空clearance绝对标高absolute elevation, absolute level 竣工completion竣工图“As Built” drawing开工commencement of work扩建extension, enlargement离析segregation临时设施construction site facilities临时道路temporary road麻面hungry spots埋入长度embedment length面层coat, coating抹灰plastering, rendering抹灰面层finish plaster模板form, shutter board模板工程formwork喷涂spray coating, spraying膨胀螺栓expansion bolt, expansion anchor平整leveling平整场地leveling of ground坡道, 斜坡道ramp, slope ramp, slope way 起吊hoisting砂浆mortar升板lift slab升板法施工lift slab construction施工construction施工单位construction organization施工缝construction joint, working joint施工图construction drawing时效aging试样sample, test sample收缩shrinkage, contraction水灰比water-cement ratio水泥cement水泥抹面cement plaster水泥砂浆cement mortar水泥砂浆找平cement mortar screeding坍落度slump梯子ladder, stepladder提升模板climbing form,climbing shuttering 温度缝temperature joint误差error, inaccuracy细骨料fine aggregate细石混凝土fine concrete现场预制site prefabrication现浇混凝土cast-in-place concrete相对标高relative elevation, relative level徐变creep养护curing永久变形permanent deformation预留孔preformed hole, prepared hole预埋件embedded parts, embedded inserts预埋螺栓embedded bolt, inserted bolt找平leveling, screeding找平层leveling coat, leveling course振捣vibration振捣棒poker vibration, vibrating needle, vibrator 支模form erecting, erection of shuttering最佳级配optimum gradation坐标coordinate粉状粘土Powdery clay soil车棚Bicycle shelter混凝土条形基础RC strip foundation。
产品结构设计常用英语
A.O.D 有偏差接收Accessory 附件accessory附件ACCOUNTING 会计Accounting 会计Actuate switch 启动开关Adapter 火牛adaptor 火牛Adhesive tape 胶粘带Adjustor调节器Agitator 搅拌器Air intel进气口Aluminum foil tape 铝箔带Anchor锚aperance 外观Appearance外观approve 认可Approve认可AQL 允收水准Armature电枢/转子assembly 部件Assembly装配B.O.M 物料清单Ball holder铜珠套筒bar 杆bar code 条形码Bar code 条形码Barbed connector 有倒扣的连接片Bar棒Battery cave cover电池盒/盖Battery cave电池底壳Battery tag电池片battery电池Battery电池bearing 轴承Bearing-lock轴承-锁Bearing轴承belt 皮带Belt皮带bit 铁嘴Bit guard防护罩Bit storage批嘴储存件Bit铁嘴Blocks 量块Block量块BMC 工具盒Bottle connector瓶口连接Bottom cabinet-charger充电座底壳bottom 底部Bottom底部Box 箱BOX 组件Box 组件Bracket固定架/支架Brand label商标贴纸Bristle brush毛刷Bristle holder毛刷(柄)Brush roller 毛刷巻轴Brush刷子/碳刷Bubble lever 水平珠Bucket箱Bulb reflector 电灯反射器Bulb support电灯泡支撑座Bundle捆/扎burr 毛刺Burr毛刺bush 轴套Bushing-bearing lock轴套锁製Bushing-case adaptor轴套外套适配器Bush-output shaft带轴套的输出轴Bush轴套button 按钮Button按钮cabinet 壳Cabinet-cover面壳Cabinet-support底壳Cabinet壳cable 电缆Cable clamp plate电线夹片Cable电缆Calibration校正Calibration校正Caliper 卡尺Caliper卡尺Cam plate偏心片Cam凸轮cap (帽，杯)Cap杯帽Carbon film resistor碳膜电阻Card 卡片Card卡片Carrying strip手带carton 箱Carton箱case 箱Case箱cavity 模腔Cavity模腔cell电池Cell电池Charger bracket充电座支架charger 充电座/器Charger充电器check 检查chuck 锁头Circuit ass’y循环装置comformity 合格cord 电线cover 上盖current 电流cycle 循环defect 缺陷description名称Dial indication 百分表die cast 铸件dimention 尺寸dispose 处理{{分页}}Drill 电钻 driver 电批electric 电气件Fasten-knob钮扣状旋钮Felt seal毛毡封Ferrite bead磁珠Fibre glass sleeve玻纤套Field 定子线圈Filler填空件Filter bag bracker 过滤袋支架Filter frame过滤栏架filter 滤网Filter过滤器finished 表面处理Finished完成的First layer internal gear第一层内齿轮圈First layer sun gear第一层行星齿轮fitting 装配Fitting装置fit配合Fit配合flash 披锋Flash闪光flex hose 软管Flex hose弯管flow mark 流痕Flow mark流痕Foam holder泡沫支架force 力Force力freouency频数Frequency频率Front cover cabinet 前面壳Front grill前脚架Front housing-gear box牙箱前壳Front support cabinet前底壳Function功能fuse 保险丝Fuse clip保险管夹Fuse P.C.B ass’y 保险丝底板组件Fuse保险丝futtonal 功能Gasket 垫片/圈gate 水口Gate水口Gauge 量规Gauge量规gear 齿轮Gear box adaptor牙箱调整装置Gear box housing 牙箱壳Gear housing cover牙箱盖Gear齿轮Gift box 彩盒go-no go 通尺规Go-no go gauge通止规Grass trimmer剪草机Grease leak 漏油Grease油脂Handle catch手柄扣Handle grip手柄hardness 硬度Hardness硬度Heat sink散热器Heat treatment 热处理Hex nut六角螺帽HI-POT高压测试Hi-pot高压测试holder 支座Holder cover支座盖Holder支座Hole test 内径千分尺Hose elbow弯管Hose wrap plate软管扎带Housing cover机壳上盖Housing handle机壳手柄Housing support机壳底座housing 壳Housing壳I.N.T接触不良I.R 检查报告IC集成电路Idler gear-A变速齿轮“A”Idler gear-B变速齿轮“B”Idler shaftImpact drill(cap)冲击钻(杯)impeller风扇Impeller风扇叶Indicator cover指示器盖Indicator switch knob指示开关旋钮injection注射Injection注射Insert refill bottle插入式替换瓶insert(型，芯)Insert型芯/插入inspection 检验Inspection检验Instruction manual 说明书Instruction manual说明书Instrument 仪器Instrument仪器Insultator绝缘体Inverted retaining ring 反向保持介子key 锁匙Key holder锁匙支架Key锁匙Label 标签Label标签Lanyard手带Latch锁扣/门锁Led发光二极管Left head screw左牙螺丝Lens透镜Leveler accessory水平珠组件Leveler body水平珠本体Leveler cover水平珠盖Lever oil水平珠油Lever-speed change调速杆Lever控制杆Location spacer定位隔离器Louver天窗Lubricant润滑油M.O 订单Machine screw机器螺丝mark 标记Mark 标记Massage ring按摩环material 材料Material材料metal 金属Metal washer ring 金属介子Metal金属{{分页}}micpo meter 千分尺Micrometer千分尺miltimeter 万用表model 型号Model型号motor 电机Motor accessory马达组件Motor bracket 马达支架Motor fixity-external马达外定位件Motor fixity-internal马达内定位件Motor mounting bracket马达定位架Motor mounting马达定位Motor pulley 马达滑轮Mounting plate杯片Multimeter 万用表nameplate 铭牌Nameplate 铭牌nonconformity 不合格Nonconformity不合格/不一致nut 螺母Nut 螺母o-ring 胶圈output shaft 轴芯，输出轴Oven 烤炉oven 烤炉P&A 人事P.C.B 电路板p/p cover电池盒上座p/p support 电池盒底座Packing 包装packing包装part line 分型线part line分型线part 零件part 零件pedestal台座，基座，垫座PIE 生产工业工程pin 小轴pin gauge 芯棒pin gauge芯棒pinion 小齿轮pinion-motor马达牙仔pinion小齿轮pin销Pivot tube 转轴套plain washer-motor平面介子plant gear 行星齿轮plastic gear塑胶齿轮plastic tape胶纸plastic washer胶介子Plastic 塑胶plastic塑料plate 片plate片plug插头plug插头PMC 物料控制Poly bag 塑料袋Poly bag 塑料袋powder metal 粉末冶金powder metal粉末冶金Power pack 电池组power pack电池组power功率power功率Project management项目管理projector 投影仪projector 投影仪Pulley flange 滑轮法兰pulley flange泵翼pump vane采购purchasing 采购purchasing按钮push rod推杆PVC sleevePVC tubeQA 质量保证QC 质量控制R&D 工程研发R.O. 接收单Ratchet plate转轮片Ratchet 转轮rating 额定值Rating额定值Rear cover cabinet后面盖Rear housing-gear box牙箱后壳Rear support cabinet后底盖Receptacle 插座Rectifier整流器Recycling label环保标签Reflector cap反光杯reject 退货Reject退货remark 注释Remark备注/注释resistor电阻Resistor电阻Reverse反向revise 更改Revise更改rework 加工Rework加工ring 垫圈Ring bolt有环螺钉Ring gear内齿轮圈Rocker switch摇杆开关roller 转子Roller滚筒/辊子Rotary cap旋转杯Rotor转子run out摆动/跳动Run-out跳动rusty 铸跡rusty生锈的Safety switch安全开关sampling 抽样Sampling抽样Sander base磨沙机底座Scrap报废scratch刮花Scratch刮花screw 螺丝Screwdriver bit批嘴Screwdriver电批Screw螺丝SDS来货检验资料{{分页}}Second layer internal gear第二层内齿轮圈Second layer planet gear第二层行星齿轮Second layer run gear第二层恒星齿轮Secondary blower flangeSelf-tapping screw自攻螺丝SER 样本评估报告shaft 轴Shaft轴芯sharp edge 尖缘Sharp edge锐边sheet 纸Sheet 纸/表格Shrinkable sleeve热缩管silk screen 丝印Silkscreen 丝印sinkage 缩水Sinkage缩水Sketch 简图Sketch简图Sleeve套子Sliding rod滑动杆Socket (jack)插座Solution tank溶解槽sort 拣货Sort分类Spacer隔离件speed 速度Speed change knob变速钮Speed速度Spindle gear-A转动齿轮“A”Spindle gear-B转动齿轮“B”spindle轴芯Spindle轴芯Spine-ball刺珠Sponge海绵Spotter nozzle定心喷嘴Spring clip弹性夹子Spring plate弹弓片Spring washer弹性介子spring 弹弓Spring-torque control扭力控制弹簧Spring弹弓Stator定子Steel roller钢辊子Stopper-motor马达制动Stopper-right右制动Sun gear恒星/太阳齿轮support 下盖Support cabinet下壳Support下盖switch 开关Switch button (knob)开关按钮Switch lock锁掣Switch 开关tape 带Tape带Tapping type攻牙形式Terminal holder接触片支座Terminal接触片terms 术语Term术语/期间testure 纹理Thermal protector热保护器Thermal-fuse热感应保险丝Thermostat热敏开关Third layer internal gear第三层内齿轮圈Third layer planet gear第三层行星齿轮Third layer sun gear 第三层恒星齿轮thread 螺纹Thread 螺纹timer定时器Timer定时器Tolerance 公差Tolerance 公差top 上部Top cabinet-charger 充电座面壳Top上部toque 扭矩torque meter 扭力表Torque control knob 扭力调节器Torque meter扭力表Torque 扭矩Transformer变压器treatment 热处理trimmer 剪草机Twisting screwdriver螺旋形电批UL approvel power cord UL认可的电线UL wire AWG 16 black UL16号黑色电线UL wire AWG 16 red UL16号红色电线Unit & accessory主机及附件urgent 紧急Urgent紧急U-spring U型弹弓vacuum cleaner 吸尘器Vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器Variable speed switch变速开关vibration 振动Vibration振动Voltage电压voltage电压W/o battery paper sleeve 无纸套电池Wall anchors挂墙胶条washer 垫片Washer ring-motor马达介子Washer-ball cover玻璃盖处的介子Washer-clutch扭力杯处的介子Washer-ring环形介子Washer垫片weld line 夹水纹Zener diode齐纳二极管。
结构专业英语
a. LOAD 荷载b. GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION 地基及基础c. REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE 钢筋混凝土结构d. STEEL STRUCTURE 钢结构e. DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMIC 抗震设计f. GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGN 设计常用词汇g. GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION 施工常用词汇a. Load 荷载拔力 pulling force标准值 standard value残余应力 residual stress冲击荷载 impact load, punch load残余变形 residual deformation承压 bearing承载能力 bearing capacity承重 bearing, load bearing承重结构 bearing structure脆性材料 brittle material脆性破坏 brittle failure抵抗力 resisting power, resistance吊车荷载 crane load分布荷载 distributed load风荷载 wind load风速 wind velocity, wind speed风压 wind pressure风振 wind vibration浮力 buoyance, floatage符号 symbol, mark负弯矩 negative moment, hogging moment附加荷载 additional load附加应力 additional stress副作用 side effect, by-effect刚度 rigidity刚度比 ratio of rigidity刚度系数 rigidity factor刚接 rigid connection刚性节点 rigid joint恒载 dead load荷载传递 transmission of load固端弯矩 fixed-end moment活荷载 live load积灰荷载 dust load集中荷载 concentrated load加载, 加荷 loading剪力 shear, shearing force剪切破坏 shear failure剪应变 shear strain剪应力 shear stress简支 simple support静定结构 statically determinate structure截面模量 modulus of section, section modulus静力 static force静力分析 static analysis局部压力 local pressure, partial pressure局部压屈 local bulkling 绝对值 absolute value均布荷载 uniformly distributed load抗拔力 pulling resistance抗剪刚度 shear rigidity抗剪强度 shear strength, shearing strength抗拉强度 tensile strength抗扭 torsion resistance抗扭刚度 torsional rigidity抗弯 bending resistance抗弯刚度 bending rigidity抗压强度compressive strength, compression strength可靠性 reliability可靠性设计 reliability design拉力 tensile force拉应力 tensile stress, tension stress拉应变 tensile strain, tension strain临界点 critical point临界荷载 critical load临界应力 critical stress密度 density离心力 centrifugal force摩擦力 friction force摩擦系数 frictional factor挠度 deflection内力 internal force, inner force扭矩 moment of torsion, torsional moment疲劳强度 fatigue strength偏心荷载 eccentric load, non-central load偏心距 eccentric distance, eccentricity偏心受拉 eccentric tension偏心受压 eccentric compression屈服强度 yield strength使用荷载 working load水平力 horizontal force水平推力 horizontal thrust弹塑性变形 elastoplastic deformation弹性 elasticity, resilience, spring塑限 plastic limit弹性变形 elastic deformation塑性变形 plastic deformation弹性模量 modulus of elastic, elastic modulus体积 volume, bulk, cubature, cubage土压力 earth pressure, soil pressure弯矩 bending moment, moment弯曲半径 radius at bent, radius of curve位移 displacement温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action系数 coefficient, factor雪荷载 snow load压应变 compression strain压应力 compression stress应力集中 concentration of stress预应力 prestressing force, prestress振动荷载 vibrating load, racking load支座反力 support reaction自重 own weight作用 action, effect作用点 point of application, application joint b. Ground Base and Foundation 地基及基础板桩 sheet pile, sheeting pile板桩基础 sheet pile foundation饱和粘土 saturation clay冰冻线 frost line, freezing level不均匀沉降unequal settlement, differential settlement残积土 residual soil沉积物 deposit, sediment沉降 settlement沉降差 difference in settlement沉降缝 settlement joint沉井 sinking well, sunk well沉箱 caisson持力层 bearing stratum冲积 alluviation锤夯 hammer tamping档土墙 retaining wall, breast wall底板 base slab, base plate, bed plate地板 floor board地基 ground base, ground地基承载力 ground bearing capacity地基处理 ground treatment, soil treatment地基稳定 base stabilization地梁 ground beam, ground sill地漏 floor drain地下工程 substructure work, understructure work 地下室 basement, cellar地下水 ground water地下水位 groundwater level, water table地下水压力 ground water pressure地质报告 geologic report垫层 bedding, blinding独立基础isolated foundation, individual foundation端承桩 end-bearing pile筏式基础 raft foundation粉砂 silt, rock flour粉质粘土 silty clay粉质土 silty soil扶壁式档土墙 buttressed retaining wall腐蚀 corrosion覆土 earth covering刚性基础 rigid foundation沟盖板 trench cover固结 consolidation灌注桩 cast-in-place pile, cast in site pile护坡 slope protection, revetment护桩 guard pile环墙 ring wall灰土 lime earth回填 backfill, backfilling 回填土 backfill, backfill soil混凝土找平层 concrete screed火山灰水泥 trass cement基槽 foundation trench基础 foundation, base基础底板 foundation slab基础埋深 embedded depth of foundation基础平面图 foundation plan地基勘探 site exploration, site investigation 基坑 foundation pit集水坑 collecting sump阶形基础 stepped foundation结合层 binding course, bonding course井点 well point井点排水 well point unwatering开挖 excavation, cutting勘测 exploration and survey勘测资料 exploration data沥青 bitumen, asphalt, pitch联合基础 combined foundation卵石 cobble, pebble埋置 embedment毛石基础 rubble foundation锚筋 anchor bar锚桩 anchor pile密实度 compactness, density, denseness摩擦桩 friction pile, floating pile粘土 clay粘质粉土 clay silt碾压 roller compaction, rolling排水 drainage, dewatering排水沟 drainage ditch排水孔 weep hole, drain hole排水设备 dewatering equipment普通硅酸盐水泥 ordinary Portland cement群桩 grouped piles容许沉降 permissible settlement容许承载力 allowable bearing软土 soft soil砂垫层 sand bedding course, sand cushion砂土 sandy soil, sands砂质粉土 sandy silt设备基础 equipment foundation水泥搅拌桩 cement injection素土夯实 rammed earth, packed soil碎石桩 stone columns弹性地基 elastic foundation弹性地基梁 beam on elastic foundation填方 fill, filling填土 earth-fill, earth filling, filling条形基础 strip foundation土方工程 earthwork挖方 excavation work, excavation箱形基础 box foundation压实 compaction, compacting压实系数 compacting factor验槽 check of foundation subsoil预制混凝土桩 precast concrete pile中砂 medium sand重力式档土墙 gravity retaining wall桩承台 pile cap钻孔桩 bored pile钻探 exploration drilling, drilling,最终沉降 final settlementc.Reinforcement Concrete Structure 钢筋混凝土结构板缝 slab joint板厚 thickness of slab板式楼梯 cranked slab stairs板跨度 span of slab薄壁结构 thin-walled structure薄腹梁 thin wedded girder保护层 protective coating臂式吊车 boom crane, boom hoist边梁 edge beam, boundary beam变截面 variable cross-section变形缝 movement joint变形钢筋 deformed bar初凝 initial setting, pre-setting次梁 secondary beam大型屋面板 precast ribbed roof slab单层厂房 one-storied factory单筋梁 beam with single reinforcement单跨 single span单向板 one-way slab垫块 cushion block垫梁 template beam吊车梁 crane beam, crane girder顶棚抹灰 ceiling plastering端跨 end span, tail bay多跨连续梁 multi-span beam翻边 upstand反梁 upstand beam分布钢筋 distribution-bar封闭式箍筋 closed stirrup附加钢筋 additional bar刚架 rigid frame, stiff frame钢筋 reinforcement, steel bar, bar钢筋表 Bar Schedules钢筋笼 steel reinforcement cage钢筋间距 spacing of bars, bar spacing钢筋网 bar-mat reinforcement, mesh reinforcement 钢筋砖 reinforced brick勾缝 joint pointing构架 frame, gallows构件 member, structural member构造 construction构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement构造柱 onstructional column, tie column构筑物 structure箍筋 hoop reinforcement, hooping箍筋间距 stirrup spacing固定端 fixed end, retained end 固端梁 fixed-end beam, fixed beam过梁 lintel, breast summer混凝土强度等级 grade of concrete机制砖 machine-made brick剪力墙 shear wall简支梁 simply supported beam经济跨度 economic span经济配筋率economic ratio of reinforcement劲性钢筋 stiff reinforcement劲性钢筋混凝土结构 steel composite construction 径向钢筋 radial reinforcement抗剪钢筋 shear reinforcement抗拉钢筋 tension reinforcement受压钢筋 compression reinforcement可见裂缝 visible crack刻痕钢丝 indented steel wire坑 pit, hollow, delve空斗墙 rowlock cavity wall, rolock wall空心板 hollow slab空心砖隔墙 hollow tile partition跨度 span框架 frame框架剪力墙结构 frame-shear wall structure拉接钢筋 tie bar栏杆 railing, banister栏杆立柱 railing post老化 aging累积误差 accumulated error肋形楼板 ribbed floor slab冷拔低碳钢丝 cold-drawn low-carbon wire冷脆性 cold shortness, cooling brittleness冷弯 cold bending冷轧 cold rolling离析 segregation梁垫 beam pad, template, pad梁挠度 beam deflection楼梯斜梁 string, stringer螺旋楼梯 spiral stair, winding staircase马鞍形壳 saddle shell锚固 anchoring门框, 门樘 door frame门式刚架 portal frame面砖, 墙面砖 facing tile, wall tile耐火混凝土 fire-resisting concrete排架 bent, bent frame女儿墙 parapet wall, parapet配筋率 reinforcement ratio配箍率 stirrup ratio砌块 block圈梁 ring beam, tie beam, bond beam山墙 gable深梁 deep beam伸缩缝 expansion joint实腹梁 solid web girder实腹柱 solid web column竖向钢筋 vertical reinforcement双向配筋 two-way reinforcement素混凝土 plain concrete筒中筒结构 tube-in-tube structure网状钢筋 steel mesh reinforcement围堰 cofferdam, coffer无梁楼盖 flat slab, flat plate系梁 tie beam预应力钢筋混凝土 prestressed reinforced concrete 预应力构件 prestressed component预制 prefabrication预制板 precast slab预制构件 prefabrication component预制装配式结构 prefabricated construction折板 folded plate, folded slab折板结构 folded-plate structure主筋 main reinforcement, main bar主梁 main beam, girder柱距 column spacing, post spacing装配式结构 fabricated structure纵梁 longitudinal beam纵剖面 longitudinal section纵向钢筋 longitudinal bard. Steel Structure 钢结构薄壁型钢 light-gauge steel section, hollow steel section不等肢角钢 unequal angle steel槽钢 channel, channel steel背对背角钢组合 angles back to back不锈钢 stainless steel除锈 rust-removal粗制螺栓 rough bolt, black bolt带钢 strip steel, band iron单面焊 single weld, one-side welding地脚螺栓 foundation bolt, anchor bolt,holding down bolt点焊 spot welding, point welding电动葫芦 electric hoist等边角钢 equal angle, equal leg angle对接焊, 对焊 butt welding腹板 web plate, web腹杆 web member腹板加劲件 web stiffener杆 rod, bar钢板 steel plate钢管 steel tube, steel pipe钢桁架 steel truss钢框架 steel frame钢梯, 爬梯 steel ladder高强度螺栓 high strength bolt格构柱 lattice column工字梁 I-girder, I-beam工字钢 I-steel工字形截面 I-shaped cross-section焊缝 welding seam焊接 welding焊接长度 weld length 焊条 welding rod桁架 truss红丹底漆 red lead primer红丹漆 red lead paint加劲肋 stiffening rib, rib stiffener加劲板 stiffening plate角钢 angle steel节点 joint, node节点板 gusset plate, gusset节点位移 joint displacement节间长度 panel length紧固螺栓 clamp bolt, fastening bolt精制螺栓 turned bolt可焊性 weldability空腹桁架 open-web truss空间桁架 space truss肋板 ribbed panel, ribbed slab连接板 connecting plate, joint plate檩条 purline螺母 screw nut, nut螺栓 bolt螺栓孔 bolt hole螺纹 screw thread, thread螺纹长度 length of thread螺纹钢 screw-threaded steel, twisted steel 拉杆 tie rod, tension rod满焊 full weld铆钉 rivet锰钢 manganese steel喷砂 sand blasting轻钢结构 lightweight steel construction三角架 tripod上弦 top chord, upper chord上弦横向水平支撑 upper lateral bracing上弦纵向水平支撑 upper longitudinal bracing 平面桁架 plane truss实腹刚架 solid web rigid frame塔架 pylon bent特种钢 special steel调和漆 mixed paint贴角焊 fillet weld, fillet welding托架 bracket网架结构 grid structure屋架 roof truss, principal无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe系杆 tie rod, tie bar, tie下弦 bottom chord, lower chord下弦横向水平支撑 bottom lateral bracing斜撑 diagonal brace, diagonal bracing型钢 section steel, shaped steel悬索 suspended cable, suspension cable压力焊 pressure welding仰焊 overhead welding, inverted welding翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate, cover plate轧制型钢 rolled steel section支撑 bracing, strutting铸铁管 cast iron pipe组合槽钢 built-up channel组合截面built-up section,compound section自动焊接 automatic weldinge. Design for Antiseismic 抗震设计鞭梢效应 whipping effect场地类别 site classification场地土 site soil单自由度体系 single-degree of freedom system底部剪力法 equivalent base shear method地震 earthquake, seism地震烈度 earthquake intensity, seismic intensity 地震烈度区划图 map of seismic intensity zoning 地震影响系数 seismic influence coefficient地震作用 earthquake action多自由度体系 multi-degree of freedom system反应谱 response spectrum抗震 earthquake resistance抗震缝 seismic joint, aseismic joint抗震构造 aseismic construction抗震设防 earthquake fortification抗震设计 seismic design共振 resonance基本周期 foundamental period里氏震级 Richter magnitude烈度 intensity设计近震 design near earthquake设计远震 design far earthquake时程分析法 time history method液化 liquefaction振型 vibration mode振型分解法 modal analysis method震源 earthquake focus震中 earthquake epicenter自由度 degree of freedom自振周期 natural period of vibrationf. General Words for Design 设计常用词汇安装 installation, erection报价 offer, quoted price报价单 quotation壁柱 pilaster, mural column变更 alteration, variation, modification变形 deformation标高 elevation, level标准 standard, criterion标准大样 standard detail标准图 standard drawing补充规定 additional regulations补充说明 additional remarks补充条件 supplementary conditions不对称 asymmetry布置 arrangement, layout布置图 layout plan, layout 材料 material材料表 bill of materials材料强度 strength of materials参见详图 referring to detail drawing参考点 reference point参数 parameter操作平台 operating platform草图 sketch, draft, rough drawing侧向刚度 lateral rigidity侧向稳定 lateral stability侧向约束 lateral restraint侧向支撑 lateral bracing, side bracing拆除 demolition, removal长细比 slenderness ratio厂房 factory building, mill building超静定 statical indetermination承包 contract承包商 contractor等效截面 equivalent section底标高 bottom elevation电梯 lift, elevator, electric lift电梯井 elevator hoistway, lift well, lift shaft 电梯机房 elevator machine room方案 scheme, plan, programme方案设计 schematic plan方案图 schematic drawing防爆 explosion protection,explosion-proofing防潮层 damp-proof course防冻 freezing prevention, frost protection防冻剂 antifreeze compound防腐 preservation防腐剂 preservative, preservative agent防滑 slip-resistance防滑处理 deslicking treatment防滑条 non-slip insert防火 fire prevention, fire proofing防火材料 fireproof material防火分区 fire compartment防水 waterproofing防水材料 waterproof material防水砂浆 waterproof mortar防酸 acid proofing方形 square防锈 rust prevention防锈剂 anti-rust agent防振 vibration protection分配系数 distribution coefficient风化 weathering, efflorescence风向 wind direction附图 attached drawing附注 note, annotation高层建筑 high-rise building高差 difference in elevation高跨比 ratio of rise to span高宽比 depth-width ratio高耸结构 high-rise structure隔断 partition, divider工程 project, engineering工程量 quantities工程量表 bill of quantities工业厂房 industrial factory building工业建筑 industrial architecture公称直径 nominal diameter公式 formula公司 company, corporation拱 arch共振 resonance, sympathetic vibration管架 pipe rack规范 regulation, code规格 specifications, standards规模 scale, scope国家规范 national regulation国家标准 national standards合同 contract横向变形 transverse deformation横向刚度 lateral rigidity化工厂 chemical plant货梯 freight elevator, goods lift极限承载能力 ultimate bearing capacity纪要 summary计算书 calculation sheet技术资料 technical data剪刀撑, 交叉撑 X-brace, cross brace简图 sketch, diagram简支梁 simple beam交叉 intersection, crossing交点 intersection point铰接 hinged connection, hinge joint, pin connection 结构变形 structural deformation结构图 structural drawing结构形式 structural style结构稳定性 structural stability结论 conclusion, verdict截面 section界限 limits, bounds, demarcation line紧急出口 emergency exit精确度 accuracy, precision, excatitude,局部破坏 local failure, partial failure矩形 rectangular抗冻 frost resisting抗风柱 wind resistance column立面 elevation, facade粒径 particle diameter连续梁 continuous beam两铰拱 two-hinged arch裂缝 rift, crack, crevice楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase楼梯扶手 stair rail楼梯净空 stair headroom楼梯平台, 休息平台 landing, pace, stair landing 楼梯坡度 pitch of stair, slope of stair楼梯踏步 stair step铝合金 aluminum alloy 铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window民用建筑 civil architecture摩擦 friction耐火等级 fire resistance rating耐久性 durability, endurance爬梯 cat ladder疲劳破坏 fatigue failure频率 frequency平面布置 plan layout平台 terrace, platform, deck平台栏杆 platform railing剖面 section剖面图 sectional drawing侵蚀 corrosion, erosion倾覆 overturning, toppling人孔 manhole容许误差 allowable error, permissible error容许值 permissible value, allowable value晒图 blueprinting上部结构 superstructure设计要求 design requirements设计资料 design data伸缩缝 expansion joint室外楼梯 exterior stair, outside stairway双向板 two-way slab水平撑 horizontal brace踏步 step踏步板 tread弹簧 spring填充材料 filling material填充墙 filler wall挑板 cantilever slab挑檐 projecting eaves, overhang eaves停车场 car park, parking lot通用构件 standard member通用图 standard drawing通用详图 standard detail统一标准 unified standards统一构件 unified structure element投标 bid, tender招标 bidding图集 collective drawings,collection of drawings 图签 title block温差 temperature difference稳定性 stability, steadiness污水处理 sewage disposal, sewage treatment先张法预应力 pretensioned prestressing现行标准 currently effective standards详图, 大样 detail drawing, detail橡胶止水带 rubber waterstop消防 firefighting, fire protection斜率 slope卸荷 unloading卸货平台 discharging platform, unloading platform 悬臂 cantilever悬臂板 cantilever slab悬臂梁 cantilever beam, overhanging beam悬挂 hanging suspension压缩机 compressor压缩模量 modulus of compression延性 ductility, ductileness业主 client, owner一览表 table, schedule, list有效截面 effective section预应力损失 loss of prestress,prestressing loss圆形 circular shape, round圆柱 circular column, round column约束 confinement, restraint, constraint约束条件 constrain condition展开图 developed drawing栈桥 landing stage, loading bridge罩棚 awning折减系数 reduction factor折算高度 reduced height支座 support, pedestal直爬梯 vertical ladder止水带 water stop中和轴 neutral axis重心 center of gravity周期 period, cycle转弯半径 turning radius转动惯量 rotational inertia装卸平台 loading and unloading platformg. General Words for Construction 施工常用词汇拌和料 mixture标准级配 standard grading补强 strengthening, stiffening测量 survey, measurement拆模 form removal尺寸 dimension, size抄平 leveling处理 treatment搭接 lap joint, lapping, overlap joint搭接长度 splicing length打底 bedding, priming打夯, 夯实 ramming, tamping打桩 pile driving, piling, driving粗砂 coarse sand捣实 rodding, tamping地质勘测 geological exploration,geological survey 吊装 hoisting定位 locating, positioning堆料区 stacking area洞口 opening放大 enlargement, amplification放线 setting out放样 lofting, setting out分层夯实 compaction in layers分层回填 back-filling in layers蜂窝麻面 voids and pits改建 reconstruction, alteration改造 transformation, remodeling 钢模 steel mould钢套管 steel thimble, steel sleeve工厂预制构件 factory-made component骨料, 集料 aggregate骨料级配 gradation of aggregate骨料粒径 aggregate size贯入度 penetration灌浆 grouting, grout jection和易性 workability后张法 post-tensioning method含水量 water content, moisture content混凝土剥落 scaling of concrete混凝土外加剂 concrete additive, concrete agent 混凝土浇筑 pouring of concrete级配 gradation, grading加固 reinforcement, strengthening加腋 haunching间距 spacing, pit建设 building, construction建筑安装工程 construction and installation work 建筑材料 building materials建筑结构 building structure建筑设计院 architecture design institute建筑施工 building construction检修人孔 inspection manhole浇筑 pouring, placing, depositing脚手架 scaffold, scaffolding结构标高 structural elevation进度估计 progress estimate净高 clear height净距 clear distance净空 clearance绝对标高 absolute elevation, absolute level竣工 completion竣工图“As Built” drawing开工 commencement of work扩建 extension, enlargement离析 segregation临时设施 construction site facilities临时道路 temporary road麻面 hungry spots埋入长度 embedment length面层 coat, coating抹灰 plastering, rendering抹灰面层 finish plaster模板 form, shutter board模板工程 formwork喷涂 spray coating, spraying膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt, expansion anchor平整 leveling平整场地 leveling of ground坡道, 斜坡道 ramp, slope ramp, slope way起吊 hoisting砂浆 mortar升板 lift slab升板法施工 lift slab construction施工 construction施工单位 construction organization施工缝 construction joint, working joint施工图 construction drawing时效 aging试样 sample, test sample收缩 shrinkage, contraction水灰比 water-cement ratio水泥 cement水泥抹面 cement plaster水泥砂浆 cement mortar水泥砂浆找平 cement mortar screeding坍落度 slump梯子 ladder, stepladder提升模板climbing form,climbing shuttering温度缝 temperature joint误差 error, inaccuracy细骨料 fine aggregate细石混凝土 fine concrete现场预制 site prefabrication现浇混凝土 cast-in-place concrete相对标高 relative elevation, relative level徐变 creep养护 curing永久变形 permanent deformation预留孔 preformed hole, prepared hole预埋件 embedded parts, embedded inserts预埋螺栓 embedded bolt, inserted bolt找平 leveling, screeding找平层 leveling coat, leveling course振捣 vibration振捣棒 poker vibration, vibrating needle, vibrator 支模 form erecting, erection of shuttering最佳级配 optimum gradation坐标 coordinate。
钢结构设计施工专业英语
钢结构设计施工专业英语1、玻璃丝棉复合板：fiber glass sandwich panel2、EPS 复合板：EPS sandwich panel3、密度：density4、质量：quality5、数量：quantity6、包角：corner flashing7、高强度螺栓：high strength bolt8、螺栓连接：bolted connection9、建筑结构材料：building structural materials10、固定的结构单元：rigid structural unit11、格构式钢柱：build-up steel column12、对接：butt joint13、对接焊缝：butt weld14、挑梁：cantilever beam15、恒荷载:dead load16、活荷载：live load17、风荷载： wind load18、雪荷载：snow load19、吊车水平荷载：horizontal crane load20、雪荷载标准值：characteristic value of snow load21、地震作用标准值：characteristic value of earthquake action22、镀锌钢楼承板： galvanized steel decking floor23、脊瓦：ridge tile24、屋面板：roof panel25、钢筋：steel bar26、抗震结构:earthquake resistant structure27、钢筋锚固长度:anchorage length of steel bar28、在施工阶段：during construction stage29、拱形屋顶：arch-shaped roof truss30、剪力：shearing force31、建筑抗震设计：anti-seismic design32、建筑结构设计：design of building structure33、自动焊接：automatic welding34、净高：clearance height35、柱间支撑：column bracing36、混凝土基础：concrete foundation37、连接板：connecting plate38、等截面柱：constant cross-section column39、焊条:covered electrode40、裂缝:crack41、裂缝宽度:crack width42、吊车梁:crane girder(beam)43、吊车荷载：crane load44、计算高度：effective height45、计算长度：effective length46、跨度：span47、开间：bay48、预埋件：embedded parts49、地脚螺栓：anchor bolt50、高强度螺栓：high-strength bolt51、刚性连接：rigid connection52、铰接：hinged connection53、柔性连接:flexible connection54、坡口：groove55、节点板：gusset plate56、纵向水平支撑:longitude horizontal bracing57、主要承重构件；main bearing load parts58、不锈钢天沟：stainless steel gutter59、砖墙:brick wall60、砌块墙：block wall61、雨棚：canopy62、导轨：rail63、复合板推拉门：sliding sandwich panel door64、系杆：tie bar65、抗风柱：wind-resist column66、墙面C型檩条:wall C purlin67、垂直支撑:vertical bracing68、水平支撑:horizontal bracing69、H型钢柱：H column70、H型钢梁：H beam（girder）71、风机：ventilator72、采光板: skylight panel73、卷帘门：rolling door74、电动卷帘门:electrical rolling door75、无缝钢管：seamless steel tube76、型钢: section steel77、天窗架：skylight truss78、稳定计算：stability calculation79、单瓦: single tile(sheet)80、泛水：flashing81、落水管: water down pipe82、立面图：elevation plan83、山墙：gable wall84、剖面图：section plan85、封檐角钢：eave angle86、隅撑：knee brace87、拉条：bracing88、套管：casing89、施工图: working drawing90、方案图:program chart91、草图：draft plan92、报价:quotation93、预算：budget94、次梁：secondary beam95、主钢架：main steel frame96、中灰漆两遍：two- coats of mid-grey paints97、外彩板天沟:outer color sheet gutter98、外脊瓦:outer ridge tile99、内脊瓦: inner ridge tile100、自攻钉:self-tapping screw101、螺母：nut102、螺栓：bolt103、铝合金：aluminum104、内隔断板：inner partition board105、槽钢：channel steel106、净空隙：clearance107、冷弯薄壁型钢：cold-formed thin walled section steel 108、栓钉：pegs109、剪力钉：shear stud110、花篮螺栓：basket bolt111、扭矩扳手：torque wrench112、锤子：hammer113、钳子：pliers114、普通螺栓：ordinary bolt115、镀锌螺栓：galvanized bolt116、轴线：axis117、夹层，阁楼: mezzanine floor118、仓库：warehouse119、车间：workshop,plante120、冷库：cold storage121、车库：garage122、拉铆钉：rivet123、密封胶：sealant124、包装费:packing charges125、货物：freight126、运输费：transportation costs127、集装箱：container128、预制板房:prefabricated house129、冷弯镀锌槽：cold bended galvanized channel130、方管：square tube131、galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁板132、aluminum alloy 铝合金133、self tapping screw自攻螺丝134、sleave套筒135、stainless steel 不锈钢136、wind—resistant column 抗风柱137、wind reference pressure 基本风压138、wind fluttering factor 风振系数139、welded steel structure 焊接钢结构140、welded steel pipe 焊接钢管141、welded framework 焊接骨架142、welded steel beam 焊接钢梁143、welded steel girder 焊接钢梁144、weld crack 焊接裂缝145、web plate 腹板146、焊接：weld147、铆钉：rivet148、圈梁： ring beam149、水灰比： water cement ratio150、混凝土： concrete151、抗震：resistant earthquake152、墙梁：wall beam153、三角屋架：triangular roof truss 154、梯形屋架：trapezoid roof truss 155、系杆：tie bar /tie rod156、水平支撑:horizontal bracing157、垂直支撑：vertical bracing158、基本雪压：snow reference pressure 159、层高：story height160、天窗架：skylight truss161、利润：profit162、管理费：management fees163、税金：taxes164、塑钢窗：plastic steel window165、铝合金门：alumimun alloy door166、工程概况：project survey167、建筑面积：the construction area168、荷载规范：load code169、膨胀螺栓：expansion bolt170、钢带：steel strip171、隔热：heat-insulating172、聚氨酯:poly-urethane (PU)173、电动葫芦：motor hoist174、施工图:erection plan175、摩擦、摩擦力：friction176、防滑：anti- slip177、防腐:anti-corrosion178、白灰板：White grey sheet179、海蓝板：sea blue sheet180、排水:drainage181、外天沟排水:outside drainage gutter 182、雨水沟：rain gutter183、落水:downpipe184、落水管：rainwater pipe185、直径：diameter186、防火：fire proof187、回填土：backfilled solid188、埋设：inbuilt189、纵向：portrait190、横向：lateral191、叉车：forklift192、货架、托盘:pallet rack193、更新设计方案:update design194、弯矩：bending moment195、剪切力：shear stress196、扭矩： torque197、檐口高度：eave height198、蘑菇钉：mushroom nails199、波形板：corrugated plate200、抛丸：shot blasting201、签订合同：sign contract202、建筑图：architectural drawings 203、绝缘的、隔热的：insulated204、震级：magnitude205、地震等级：earthquake magnitude。
建筑结构英语常用词汇
建筑结构英语常用词汇．建筑、结构专业常用英文词汇建筑面积密度总体设计building General design Density ofarea设计依据竖向布置Design basis Vertical planning 建筑红线高程Building lineAltitude 建筑系数等高线Coefficient of building Contour line occupation界区相对标高Relative elevation Battery limited绝对标高有效面积Absolutealtitude Effective area地震基本烈度使用面积earthquake Usable area Basicintensity结构面积抗震设防烈度Structural areaFortification intensity 建筑面积风玫瑰Building area3Natural lighting Wind rose建筑朝向人工照明light;Artificant Building orientation artificial illumination建筑间距照度Building distance Degree of illumination 公顷通风HectareVentilation 指北针正压通风North arrowPositive ventilating 测北噪声Geophical northNoise 建北隔声Plant north Sound insulation 气象吸声MeteorologySound absorption日照保温隔热Heat insulation Sunshine露点天然采光．4Sketch Dewpoint冷桥透视图Perspective drawing Cold-bridge遮阳建筑构图Architectural Sunshadecomposition恒温恒湿坐标temperature Constant Coordinate & constant humidity 纵坐标消声Ordinate elimination;Noisenoise reduction横坐标Abscissa防振跨度antivibration Span建筑一般词汇4.2 开关Conventional terms of Bayarchitecture进深方案DepthScheme; draft 层高草图5Stair well Floor height封闭楼梯间净高Enclosure staircase Clear height; headroom防烟楼梯间横数preventionSmokestair wellModule; modulus消防电梯间裙房elevators Skirt building Emergencywell楼梯自动扶梯StairEscalator 梯段中庭Stair slab Atrium 楼梯平台疏散走道Stair landingcorridor; Escape 安全出口escape waySafety exit耐火等级疏散楼梯Fire-resistive grade Escape staircase生产类别楼梯间．6Retaining wall Classification of production填充墙耐火极限Filler wallofDuration 围护墙fire-resistance Curtain wall; cladding防火间距wall; enclosure wallFile-break distance 女儿墙泄压面积Parapet wallpressureofArea 隔墙releasePartition闷顶（浴室、厕所）隔断Mezanine; mezzanine Stall砖标号窗间墙brick;Grade ofPierstrength of brick墙垛承重墙PillarBearing wall 过梁非承重墙LintelNon-bearing wall 圈梁挡土墙．7Gird; girt; girth 预埋件防潮层Embedded insertsDamp-proof course 直抓梯勒脚LadderPlinth 栏杆横梁Railing Transverse beam 防腐蚀纵横resistant;CorrosionAnticorrosionLongitudinal wall山墙化学溶蚀Chemical erosion Gable; gable wall膨胀腐蚀防火墙Expansion corrosion Fire wall 压顶化学腐蚀Chemical corrosion Coping勾缝电化学腐蚀Electro-chemical Pointingcorrosion砖砌平拱晶间腐蚀Brick flat arch8Intergranular 灰土corrosion Lime-soil气相腐蚀素混凝土Gaseous corrosion Plain concrete液相腐蚀钢筋混凝土Liquidoid corrosion Reinforced固相腐蚀concrete(R.C)Solid corrosion 细石混凝土腐蚀裕度aggregateFineconcretefor Allowancecorrosion轻质混凝土锈蚀Lightweight concreterusting 加气混凝土 4.3 建筑材料Aerocrete Aerocrete;concreteBuilding materials陶粒混凝土级配砂石Ceramsite concrete Graded sand & gravel素土夯实水泥膨胀珍珠岩expended & Cement Rammed earth9pearlite缸砖岩棉guarry brickmine Mineral wool; 锦砖wool mosac沥青地面砖asphalt paving brick 卷材防滑地砖Felt non-slip brick 玛蹄脂耐酸砖（板）Asphalt mastic acidbrick (acidtile)粘土砖胶泥Clay brick mastic釉面砖粘土瓦enamelPorcelain Cloy tilebrick玻璃瓦空心砖enamelled tile Hollow brick 波形镀锌钢板砌块corrugate galvanizedBlocksteel sheet10artificial stone 玻璃钢瓦大理石reinforced glass-fibermarble plastic tile水泥砂浆抹面彩色压型钢（铅）板cement plaster coloured corrugate steel (aluminium) plat; 石灰砂浆抹面colouredprofiuing lime plasterstccl (aluminium) plat水泥石灰砂浆抹面石棉水泥瓦cement-lime plasterashestos-cement sheet 刀灰打底水磨石as and lime hemp-cutterrajjo base水刷石原木granite plaster Log花岗石方木granite square timber 磨光花岗石板材polished granite plank剁斧石胶合板11plywood 中空玻璃三夹板hollow glass3plywood 钢化玻璃五夹板reinforced glass5plywood 镀膜玻璃平板玻璃coating glassflat glass 有机玻璃浮法玻璃organic glassfloat-process glass 建筑构造及配件4.4磨砂玻璃construction Building& component frosted ground glass; glass铺砌起玻璃pavingprism glass 地坪夹丝玻璃grade Wire glass 基层 bedding夹层玻璃素土夯实sandwich glass rammed earth12Window moulding 垫层护角base curb guard 结合层防水层bonding coursewater-proof course 面层找平层CoveringLeveling course 隔离层隔热层insulation courseheat insulation course 活动地板保温层movable raising floor; insulationthermal floor; access floor course篦子板檩条purlin grating天窗地面提示块skylight ground prompt遮阳板天棚ceiling sunshade吊顶窗套．13suspending ceiling 檐沟吊顶龙骨eave gutterceiling joist 汇水面积雨水口catchment areadrain gulley 雨罩水斗canopy Lead head 散水雨水管apron Leader; downspout 坡道天沟ramp Valley 台阶挑檐entrance steps overhanging eave 保温门檐口insulationthermaldooreave隔声门（窗）泛水door insulation flashing sound(window);分水线door acousticalwatershed14(window)(window)防火门（窗）壁柜门closet door fire door (window)冷藏门变压器间门roomtransformer freezer doordoor安全门围墙门exit doorgate 防护门（窗）车库门door protectiongarage door (window)保险门屏蔽门（窗）safe door Shield door (window)防风砂门引风门ventilation door radiation resistingdoor (window)检修门密闭门（窗）access door weather tight door 平开门（窗）泄压门（窗）side-hung doordoorrelease pressure 推拉门（窗）．15panel door sliding door弹簧门镶玻璃门glazed door swing door折迭门玻璃门glass door folding door卷帘门钢木门steel & wooden door rolling door转门百页门shutter door revolving door连窗门夹板门door with side window plywood door拼板门传递窗delivery window FLB door (framed,battenedLedged and观察窗door);observation windowmatchboard door 换气窗实拼门vent sastsolid door 上悬窗镶板门top-hung window16attached sash window 中悬窗组合窗center-pivotedcomposite window window落地窗下悬窗French windowbottom-hung window玻璃幕墙立转窗glazed curtain wall pivotedverticallywindow门（窗）框固定窗door (window) frame fixed window 拼樘料单层窗，）transom （横single window （竖）mullion双层窗门（窗）扇double window door (window) leaf百页窗casement 开窗扇平(shutter sash)带形窗纱扇continuous window screen sash子母扇窗亮子．17transom, fanlight 撑档门心板catchpancl 滑道披水板sliding track weather board 插销贴脸板bolttrim 拉手筒子板pullLining 推板窗台板push platesill plate 门锁防护铁栅door lock; morticelock grille; barricade; iron grating执手锁合页withlockmorticeknob hinges; butt butts;hinges4.5 建筑结构执手Buildingstructureknob荷载4.5.118Concentrated Load Load活荷载分布荷载Distributed Load Live load静荷载，恒载设计荷载Design Load Dead load静力荷载轴向荷载Axial Load Static load移动荷载偏心荷载Eccentric Load Moving load风荷载动力荷载Wind Load Dynamic load冲击荷载风力、风压impact load Wind 、force Wind附加荷载PressureSuperimposed load 雪荷载（又称标准荷规定荷载Snow Load载）屋面积灰荷载Roof ash Load Specified Load（吊车）最大轮压集中荷载19WheelMaximum 容许荷载LoadLoad,Admissible吊车荷载Allowable Load safe Load Crane Load 极限荷载安装荷载Ultimate LoadErection Load 条形荷载施工荷载Strip LoadConstruction Load 破坏荷载不对称荷载Failure Load, Load atfailureUnsymmetricalLoading地震荷载重复荷载Load; Seismic Earthquake loadRepeated Load刚性荷载荷载组合Combination of load Rigid Load4.5.2 地基和基础柔性荷载Soil and foundation Flexible Load临界荷载地基(Bed)soil Critical Load20独立基础天然地基footing,IndividualNatural groundIsolated foundation人工地基Pad foundationArtificial ground联合基础混凝土基础Combined footing foundation; Concrete大块式基础Concrete footing Massive foundation 毛石基础条形基础masonryRubblefoundation;footing;StripStrip footing(Rubble) stone footing footing;Strap 砖基础Continuous footing Brickwork footing方形基础桩基础Square footing Pile foundation杯形基础设备基础Footing socket Equipment foundation板式基础机器基础MatSlab-foundation; Machine foundationfooting21Footing Foundation 阶梯形基础基槽foundation;Steppedditch;Benched foundationFoundationFoundation trench(Stepped footing)基坑扩展基础Foundation pit spread footing基础板扩底基础Foundation slab Under-reamedfoundation基础梁浮伐基地beam Foundation Footing beamfoundation; RaftBuoyant foundation基础底面Floating foundation Foundation base沉箱（井）基础基础底板Caisson foundation Foundation mat构架式基础基础垫层Framefoundation Foundation-bed深基础基础埋置深度Deep foundation embedmentof Depth基础．22LimeLime foundationpile;column; Quicklime pile地下连续墙单桩UndelgroundSingle pile continuous wall打桩群桩PilePile driving group;Pilecluster打桩机斜桩PilePile engine;Batter pile driver; Ram mactuine 预制桩钢桩precast pile Steel pile水桩灌注桩pile;Timber In-situ pile; WoodCast-in-place pilepilepile;Cast-in-situ 钢筋混凝土桩Fillingpileconcrete Reinforced板桩pilesheet pile 砂桩拆密桩Sand pile Compaction pile石灰桩．23。
结构专业常用英语词汇
结构专业常用英语词汇及短语Words and vocabularies frequently used in structure design地基/Ground soil/subgrade相对标高/reference level, 绝对标高/absolute level地面标高/ground level, 室内标高/indoor level室外标高/outdoor level场地/site, 现场/field，施工/construction, 开挖/excavation, 不良地质/hazardous geology, 不均匀沉降/differential settlement, 滑坡/land slide, 泥石流/soilfluction, 滚石/rolling stone地质勘察/geology survey, 地勘报告/geology report, 施工勘察/geology survey during construction 持力层/bearing layer, 承载力/bearing capacity基础埋深/embedment depth of foundation. 基坑/foundation pit, 基坑支护/protection of foundation pit淤泥/silt , 扰动/disturb, 用…換填/replaced by…, 级配砂石/graded sand and crushed stone砂/sand, 密实/dense, 松散/loose, 稍密/slightly dense, 中密/medium dense，液化/liquefaction黏土/clay, 可塑状/plastic, 坚硬/hardened黄土/loess, 湿陷性/collapsible, 膨胀性/expansionary, 消除液化/eliminate liquefaction, 消除湿陷性/eliminate collapsibility, 探明基底以下不良地质/discover hazardous geology below foundation冻土/frost soil, 标准冻土深度/standard frost penetration标准贯入度/SPT, 载荷板试验/load plate test, 地基处理/soil treatment回填土应分层夯实，分层厚度不大于300mm，压实系数应达到0.95，承载力应达到150kpa。
造纸专业结构设计英语词汇
机构设计及生产常用专业英语单词Assembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivet table拉钉机Rivet gun拉钉枪Screw driver起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet栈板barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器fuse together熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME制造工程师MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝lbs. inch镑、英寸EMI gasket导电条front plate前板rear plate后板chassis 基座bezel panel面板power button电源按键reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试V oltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts塑胶件SOP制造作业程序material check list物料检查表work cell工作间trolley台车carton纸箱sub-line支线left fork叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |'plein?|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder 焊工electric welding 电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file bur 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |' ksi'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dent压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzes蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单location地点present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料stuff box 原料箱materials物料finished product成品semifinished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw定位螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封铅，密封revision版次，修订本part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装，集合stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕??shine亮班gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill 钻boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机non-conformity,不合格non-destructive inspection,无损探伤normal barometer,标准气压表normal operating conditions,正常工作条件normal stress,正应力nozzle,喷嘴numeric key,数字键office automation (OA),办公自动化office automation system (OAS),办公自动化系统office information system (OIS),办公信息系统on-line assistence,在线帮助on-off action,通断作用operating conditions,工作条件operating error,工作误差operating system (OS),操作系统operating time,工作时间packing,包装page printer,页式打印机paper tape,纸带personal error,人为误差pinion,轴齿轮piston,活塞plant environment,工厂环境pollution,污染position error,位置误差pressure gauge,压力表switch n. 开关, 电闸, 转换vt. 转换, 转变protective device,保护装置protocol,协议solenoid valve box 电磁阀盒solenoid [电]螺线管steam [sti:m] n.蒸汽, 水汽vi.蒸发comprise 包含, 由...组成transmitter n. 转送者, 传达人, 传导物, 发报机, 话筒, 发射机, 让渡者从。
建筑专业英语用词
firmness 坚固commodity实用delight美观architecture建筑学tectonics结构构造construction结构构造engineer（技术类）设计design（形象、视觉类）设计landscape景观technology工业技术interior design室内设计aesthetics美学aesthetic美的architectonics 建筑学结构设计behavior science行为科学sociology社会学anthropology人类学（anthropo）beam 梁（统称）simple support beam简支梁cantilever悬臂梁shear diagram剪力图moment diagram弯矩图shear force 剪力continuous beam连续梁building建筑物bond砌合粘合substructure地下基础superstructure地上基础foundation 地基roof屋顶+ ceiling 天花板+ shell薄壳屋顶，框架，骨架tall building 高层建筑high-rise高层super high-rise超高层skyscraper摩天大楼mid-rise中层multi-storey多层的low–rise 低层loft阁楼mezzanine夹层basement地下室first floor首层cellar地窖portico（有圆柱）的门廊porch门廊colonnade 石柱廊porte-cochere 停车门廊porta 肝门正式的门doorway门口门道patio露台小院courtyard 庭院院子forecourt前院atrium 心房中庭前厅atria中庭前厅（复数）也可直接加ssite plan总平面图master plan 规划总平面图elevation立面图load-bearing荷载interior wall内墙exterior wall外墙partition （wall）隔墙wording行文语气措词whaling 捕鲸shrimping 捕虾业skylight天窗dormer（window）老虎窗flat roof平屋顶pitch斜坡坡度pitch rise坡高pitch run坡长pitched roof坡屋顶gable山墙gable roof双坡顶hip roof四坡顶hipped roof切角双坡顶gambrel roof斜折线屋顶;复折式屋顶mansard roof折线形屋顶;复折式屋顶;双重斜坡的四边形屋顶shed roof单坡屋顶lean-to（小）单坡屋顶butterfly roof蝶形屋顶sawtooth roof锯齿屋顶shed domer gambleroof drain屋顶的雨水口drain排水沟排水管gutter（路边）排水沟（屋顶）天沟eaves屋你檐pavilion roof攒尖式屋顶,亭顶form形式shape形状line线条texture肌理质感手感visual texture 视觉质感tactile texture触觉质感massing体量composition构图additive 加法subtractive减法symbol符号sign标志pattern纹理图案detail细部articulation清晰度突显连接一起（让个体突显出来的）连接方式fabric 构造肌理diagram图表diagraph图文telegraph电报电信telegram电报photograph相片duplex两部分的复式房屋bicycle双轮自行车monocycle独轮车order秩序harmony协调coherent条例清晰地agreement协调similarity类似相似proximity（位置）相似continuity连续alignment对位对齐align对齐使之在一条线上hierarchy ['haiərɑ:ki]层次层级级别opposition对比juxtaposition并列放置并置tension张力uniformity一致单调homogeneous同性质的均质的regular规则的均匀的monotony单调乏味无聊monotonous单调的variety品种多样化contrast对比anomaly异常不规则atypical pneumonia [nju:ˈməunjə] 非典型肺炎severe acute respiratory ['respərə,tɔ:ri:,] syndrome .['sindrəum] 严重呼吸性综合症balance平衡的equilibrium [,i:kwə'lɪbri:əm, ,ekwə-]平均均势symmetric均衡的asymmetric不对称的非均匀的（逻辑上）非对称的bilateral D.J.[bai'lætərəl]双边的bilateral symmetric 左右对称radial辐射状的放射形的axis对称轴（axes）axis of evil country邪恶轴心国rhythm节奏韵律local symmetri c局部对称gradation渐变proportion比例golden section/mean黄金分割scale尺度比例human scale人体比例visual scale视觉比例module 单元模块ergonomics D.J.[,ə:ɡəu'nɔmiks]人体工学human engineering人体工程学anthropology人类学anthropomorphize人格化SD schematic design方案设计DDC design development初步设计（preliminary des）detail详图shop detail用于加工的详图CD construction documents 施工图设计conceive构思synthesis综合synthetic material合成材料refine优化提炼inflection（小）变形transformation（大）变形变质phase 阶段时期phase1第一阶段image构思出来的形creativity创造力originality原创性imagination想象力幻想物concept概念scheme方案typology类型学象征论prototype 原形architype （医）原形Neolithic .[,ni:ə'lɪθɪk]新石器时代prehistoric史前的Stone age石器时代macro-宏观中观Madhyamika Gothic Rerival哥特复兴Carpenter Gothic木工哥特式therm 热Kelvin（加尔文）scale开氏温度thermometer温度计absolute scale绝对温度absolute zero绝对零度phase change相变gaseous phase气态（steam）solid phase固态liquid phase液态conduction传导热传导convection 对流传递radiation辐射radioactive放射性的pedestrian [pə'dɛstriən] circulation 人流vehicular circulation车流autobiography自传wok炒菜锅ketchup番茄汁kowtow磕头kowtow toastronaut D.J.['æstrənɔ:t]太空人taikonaut中国太空人thermal transmission热传导thermal break（barrier）隔热infiltration渗透mineral wool矿棉fiberglass玻璃纤维rock wool岩石棉fiber optic光纤thermal insulation（隔离）绝热thermal comfort热舒适humidity radio湿度计heating ventilation air-conditioning （HV AC）暖通专业central heating中央采暖中央暖气系统thermostat温控器heating load热荷载cooling load 冷荷载heating degree-day增温度日tack通风管（vent-pipe）duck潜入躲闪duckwork管道工infrared红外线ultraviolet D.J.[,ʌltrə'vaiəlit]紫外线wavelength波长x-ray X射线microcosmic 微观的angle of reflection反射角diffus 漫反射（diffusion）transparent透明的translucent半透明（只透光不投影）opaque 不透明的bulb电灯泡fluorescent D.J.[fluə'resnt] lamp荧光灯starter启辉器elliptical D.J.[i'liptikəl] reflector 反光罩diffuser通光板扩散体institution制度institute建立着手institutionalism制度学派Ecore des Beau Arts巴黎美术学院eclecticism折中主义Arts and Crafts Movement工艺美术运动Richardsonian Romannesque 里查德森浪漫主义Art Nouveau D.J.[nu:'vəu]新艺术Stile Libe Sezession 分离派Modernismo 现代主义Jugendstil（德）新艺术青年式Rationalism理性主义唯理论modernisno（西班牙）现代主义De Stijl 风格派brutalism粗野主义modernism现代主义Abstract expressionism 抽象表现主义post-modernism后现代主义Bauhaus包豪斯建筑学派Beaux-Art architecture 巴黎美院cubism.['kju:bizm]立体派synthesis综合ostentation（s）炫耀physical planning实体规划physic物理physics物理学public bads公共败笔goods善品货品drafting制图draftsman绘图员grid iron金属网格（喻街道）object line实线dashed line dashed dot点划线centerline中心线axis轴线elevator电梯facade D.J.[fə'sɑ:d]正立面plan lever 1. 一层平面key plan 索引总图slums贫民窟urban decay城市退化settlement居民点reconstruction and renewal修复更新suburbanize [səˈbə:bənaiz]市郊化land use planning土地利用规划monopoly D.J.[mə'nɔpəli]垄断avant-garde先锋派deconstruction解构主义balcony阳台blue print蓝图government-subsidized housing保障房affordable housing 经济适用房maximize最大化bulldozer推土机恐吓者inclusive design包容性设计conventional常规的accessibility可行性hazard灾害公害traffic calming measure交通舒缓措施utilities市政工程buffer zone缓冲区pedestrianisation 人行道obedience .[əʊ'bi:di:əns]服从environmental determinism环境决定论natural surveillance（盯梢监视）自然监察address对待应对facilities （人行道，公园…）工程decay衰败circulation 流线pedestrian circulation 人行流线vehicular circulation 车行流线tripod 三脚架infrastruction 基础设施super structure 上层建筑urban 城市urbanization 城市化suburban 郊区，近郊countryside 农村urban center---urban area---suburban---countryside---nature---no man zone城市中心---城市地区---郊区---农村---自然区---无人区public transit 轨道交通government subsidize 廉租房economic restructure 经济结构转型structural change 结构转换grass-root-movement 草根运动property line 建筑红线setback 退红线CBD central business district 中央商务区Washington DC Washington District of Columbia neighborhood 邻里monocentric 单中心polycentric多中心edge city 边缘城市urban regeneration城市再造community社区megacity 巨型城市site planning 场地规划master planning总体规划legislation立法legislature立法机构legally biding 依法招标Regulation control控规landscape景观vista指从本人立场往外看sightline /vistas line 视线renew/regeneration/reconstruction 城市更新built environment 人造环境urbanized area 城市建成区municipality 城市regional planning 区域规划Zhu river delta 珠江三角洲地区feasible adj. 可行性feasibility feasibility study 可行性研究Industrialized city 工业化城市citizen 市民human scale 人体尺度sustainable development 可持续发展sustainabilityecosystem 生态系统consumption 消费heat island/bridge 热岛/桥pedestrian friendly 行人友好user friendly 用户友好demography n. 人口统计学demographic adj. demo- 人TND traditional neighborhood development传统邻里开发TOD transit-oriented development 以公共交通为导向的开发模式Industry-oriented 以工业为导向Lane 车道multilane boulevard 多车道林荫道（深南、滨海）rural area----反义----- urban area hinter 内陆、腹地commute 坐车上下班quantity 量quality 质quality design 高质设计quantitative 量化quantitative tools 量化工具developer 开发商，指公司或者法人architect 建筑团队，或其中代表性人物。
建筑结构英语常用词汇
总体设计General design设计依据Design basis建筑红线Building line建筑系数Coefficient of building occupation 界区Battery limited有效面积Effective area使用面积Usable area结构面积Structural area建筑面积Building area建筑面积密度Density of building area竖向布置Vertical planning高程Altitude等高线Contour line相对标高Relative elevation绝对标高Absolute altitude地震基本烈度Basic earthquake intensity抗震设防烈度Fortification intensity风玫瑰Wind rose建筑朝向Building orientation 建筑间距Building distance公顷Hectare指北针North arrow测北Geophical north建北Plant north气象Meteorology日照Sunshine天然采光Natural lighting人工照明Artificant light; artificial illumination 照度Degree of illumination通风Ventilation正压通风Positive ventilating噪声Noise隔声Sound insulation吸声Sound absorption保温隔热Heat insulation露点Dewpoint冷桥Cold-bridge遮阳Sunshade恒温恒湿Constant temperature & constant humidity 消声Noise elimination; noise reduction防振antivibration4.2 建筑一般词汇Conventional terms of architecture方案Scheme; draft草图Sketch透视图Perspective drawing建筑构图Architectural composition坐标Coordinate纵坐标Ordinate横坐标Abscissa跨度Span开关Bay进深Depth层高Floor height净高Clear height; headroom横数Module; modulus裙房Skirt building 楼梯Stair梯段Stair slab楼梯平台Stair landing安全出口Safety exit疏散楼梯Escape staircase楼梯间Stair well封闭楼梯间Enclosure staircase防烟楼梯间Smoke prevention stair well消防电梯间Emergency elevators well自动扶梯Escalator中庭Atrium疏散走道Escape corridor; escape way耐火等级Fire-resistive grade生产类别Classification of production耐火极限Duration of fire-resistance防火间距File-break distance泄压面积Area of pressure release闷顶Mezanine; mezzanine砖标号Grade of brick; strength of brick承重墙Bearing wall非承重墙Non-bearing wall挡土墙Retaining wall填充墙Filler wall围护墙Curtain wall; cladding wall; enclosure wall 女儿墙Parapet wall隔墙Partition（浴室、厕所）隔断Stall窗间墙Pier墙垛Pillar过梁Lintel圈梁Gird; girt; girth防潮层Damp-proof course勒脚Plinth横梁Transverse beam纵横Longitudinal wall山墙Gable; gable wall防火墙Fire wall压顶Coping 勾缝Pointing砖砌平拱Brick flat arch预埋件Embedded inserts直抓梯Ladder栏杆Railing防腐蚀Corrosion resistant; Anticorrosion 化学溶蚀Chemical erosion膨胀腐蚀Expansion corrosion化学腐蚀Chemical corrosion电化学腐蚀Electro-chemical corrosion晶间腐蚀Intergranular corrosion气相腐蚀Gaseous corrosion液相腐蚀Liquidoid corrosion固相腐蚀Solid corrosion腐蚀裕度Allowance for corrosion锈蚀rusting4.3 建筑材料Building materials级配砂石Graded sand & gravel素土夯实Rammed earth灰土Lime-soil素混凝土Plain concrete钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete(R.C)细石混凝土Fine aggregate concrete轻质混凝土Lightweight concrete加气混凝土Aerocrete; Aerocrete concrete 陶粒混凝土Ceramsite concrete水泥膨胀珍珠岩Cement & expended pearlite 岩棉Mineral wool; mine wool沥青asphalt卷材Felt玛蹄脂Asphalt mastic粘土砖Clay brick釉面砖Porcelain enamel brick空心砖Hollow brick砌块Block缸砖guarry brick锦砖mosac地面砖paving brick 防滑地砖non-slip brick耐酸砖（板）acidbrick (acidtile)胶泥mastic粘土瓦Cloy tile玻璃瓦enamelled tile波形镀锌钢板galvanized corrugate steel sheet玻璃钢瓦glass-fiber reinforced plastic tile彩色压型钢（铅）板coloured corrugate steel (aluminium) plat; profiuing coloured stccl (aluminium) plat 石棉水泥瓦ashestos-cement sheet水磨石terrajjo水刷石granite plaster花岗石granite磨光花岗石polished granite剁斧石artificial stone大理石marble水泥砂浆抹面cement plaster石灰砂浆抹面lime plaster水泥石灰砂浆抹面cement-lime plaster刀灰打底hemp-cut and lime as base原木Log方木square timber板材plank胶合板plywood三夹板3plywood五夹板5plywood平板玻璃flat glass浮法玻璃float-process glass磨砂玻璃ground glass; frosted glass起玻璃prism glass夹丝玻璃Wire glass夹层玻璃sandwich glass中空玻璃hollow glass钢化玻璃reinforced glass镀膜玻璃coating glass有机玻璃organic glass4.4 建筑构造及配件Building construction & component 铺砌paving 地坪grade基层bedding素土夯实rammed earth垫层base结合层bonding course面层Covering隔离层insulation course活动地板raising floor; movable floor; access floor篦子板grating地面提示块ground prompt遮阳板sunshade窗套Window moulding护角curb guard防水层water-proof course找平层Leveling course隔热层heat insulation course保温层thermal insulation course檩条purlin天窗skylight天棚ceiling吊顶suspending ceiling吊顶龙骨ceiling joist雨水口drain gulley水斗Lead head雨水管Leader; downspout天沟Valley挑檐overhanging eave檐口eave泛水flashing分水线watershed檐沟eave gutter汇水面积catchment area雨罩canopy散水apron坡道ramp台阶entrance steps保温门thermal insulation door 隔声门（窗）sound insulation door (window); acoustical door (window)防火门（窗）fire door (window)冷藏门freezer door安全门exit door防护门（窗）protection door (window)屏蔽门（窗）Shield door (window)防风砂门radiation resisting door (window) 密闭门（窗）weather tight door泄压门（窗）pressure release door (window) 壁柜门closet door变压器间门transformer room door围墙门gate车库门garage door保险门safe door引风门ventilation door检修门access door平开门（窗）side-hung door推拉门（窗）sliding door弹簧门swing door折迭门folding door卷帘门rolling door转门revolving door夹板门plywood door拼板门FLB door (framed, Ledged and battened door);matchboard door实拼门solid door镶板门panel door镶玻璃门glazed door玻璃门glass door钢木门steel & wooden door百页门shutter door连窗门door with side window传递窗delivery window观察窗observation window换气窗vent sast上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗bottom-hung window 立转窗vertically pivoted window固定窗fixed window单层窗single window双层窗double window百页窗shutter带形窗continuous window子母扇窗attached sash window组合窗composite window落地窗French window玻璃幕墙glazed curtain wall门（窗）框door (window) frame拼樘料transom （横），mullion （竖）门（窗）扇door (window) leaf(平开窗扇casement sash)纱扇screen sash亮子transom, fanlight门心板pancl披水板weather board贴脸板trim筒子板Lining窗台板sill plate防护铁栅barricade; iron grille; grating 合页butts; hinges; butt hinges执手knob撑档catch滑道sliding track插销bolt拉手pull推板push plate门锁mortice lock; door lock执手锁mortice lock with knob4.5 建筑结构Building structure4.5.1 荷载Load活荷载Live load静荷载，恒载Dead load静力荷载Static load移动荷载Moving load动力荷载Dynamic load冲击荷载impact load附加荷载Superimposed load规定荷载（又称标准荷载）Specified Load集中荷载Concentrated Load分布荷载Distributed Load设计荷载Design Load轴向荷载Axial Load偏心荷载Eccentric Load风荷载Wind Load风力、风压Wind force、Wind Pressure 雪荷载Snow Load屋面积灰荷载Roof ash Load（吊车）最大轮压Maximum Wheel Load吊车荷载Crane Load安装荷载Erection Load施工荷载Construction Load不对称荷载Unsymmetrical Loading重复荷载Repeated Load刚性荷载Rigid Load柔性荷载Flexible Load临界荷载Critical Load容许荷载Admissible Load, Allowable Load safe Load 极限荷载Ultimate Load条形荷载Strip Load破坏荷载Failure Load, Load at failure地震荷载Seismic Load; Earthquake load荷载组合Combination of load4.5.2 地基和基础Soil and foundation地基(Bed)soil天然地基Natural ground人工地基Artificial ground混凝土基础Concrete foundation; Concrete footing毛石基础Rubble masonry footing;(Rubble) stone footing砖基础Brickwork footing桩基础Pile foundation设备基础Equipment foundation机器基础Machine foundation独立基础Individual footing, Isolated foundation Pad foundation联合基础Combined footing大块式基础Massive foundation条形基础Strip foundation; Strip footingStrap footing; Continuous footing方形基础Square footing杯形基础Footing socket板式基础Slab-foundation; Mat footing阶梯形基础Stepped foundation; Benched foundation (Stepped footing)扩展基础spread footing扩底基础Under-reamed foundation浮伐基地Raft foundation; Buoyant foundation Floating foundation沉箱（井）基础Caisson foundation构架式基础Frame foundation深基础Deep foundation基础Footing Foundation基槽Foundation ditch; Foundation trench基坑Foundation pit基础板Foundation slab基础梁Foundation beam Footing beam基础底面Foundation base基础底板Foundation mat基础垫层Foundation-bed基础埋置深度Depth of embedment foundation地下连续墙Undelground continuous wall打桩Pile driving打桩机Pile engine; Pile driver; Ram mactuine 钢桩Steel pile水桩Wood pile; Timber pile钢筋混凝土桩Reinforced concrete pile砂桩Sand pile石灰桩Lime pile; Lime column; Quicklime pile 单桩Single pile群桩Pile group; Pile cluster斜桩Batter pile预制桩precast pile灌注桩In-situ pile; Cast-in-place pileCast-in-situ pile; Filling pile板桩sheet pile拆密桩Compaction pile挤密砂桩Sand compaction pile灰土挤密桩Line-soil compaction pile钻孔桩Bored pile打入桩Driuen pile摩擦桩Friction pile; Buoyant pile端承桩End bearing pile; Point bearing pile; Column pile (柱桩）支承桩Bearing pile抗拔桩Tension pile; Uplift pile;抗滑桩Anti-slicle pile桩承台Pile cap桩帽Pile cap; pile couel桩头Pile crown; pile head桩端Pile tip桩身Pile shaft桩距Pile spacing桩钢筋笼Pile cage试桩Test pile桩荷载试验Pile load test桩的动荷载试验Dynamic load test of pile桩的侧向荷载试验Lateral pile load test桩的极限荷载Ultimate pile load桩承载能力Pile capacity; Bearing capacity of a pile Carrying capacity of a pile土压力Earth pressure主动土压力Active earth pressure被动土压力Passive earth pressure静止土压力Earth pressure at rest容许地耐力Allowable bearing strength冰冻深度Frozen depth; Frost depth;Frost penetration depth of frost penetration 防冻深度Frost-proof depth粘土类土Clayey soil轻亚粘土Sandy loam亚粘土Sandy clay; Loam砂质土Sandy soil砂砾石Sandy gravel stratum膨胀土Expansive soil 硬质土，硬盘岩，硬土层Hard pan液限Liquid limit塑限Plastic limit塑料指数Index of plasticity松软土Mellow soil; spongy soil回填土Backfill Refilling杂填土Miscellaneous fill地表水Surface water;地下水Groundwater地下水位Groundwater eltualion; Groundwater level; Groundwater table 容重Unit weight干容重Dry unit weight湿容重Wet unit weight饱和容重Saturated unit weight不均匀沉降Unequal settlement;Differential settlement地基处理Ground treatment地基加固Ground stabilization; soil improvement 土质查勘Soil exploration地质勘察Geological exploration沉陷Settlement倾斜obliquity; Inclination滑移Sliding夯实土Compacted soil夯实填土Compacted fill夯实回填土Tamped backfill夯实分层厚度Compacted lift持力层Bearing stratum; Supporting; Course 管道与基础相碰Pipeline interferes with foundation 4.5.3 一般结构用语Terms for general structures建筑结构Building structure建筑物Building结构形式Structural type混凝土（砼）结构Concrete structure砌体结构Masonry structure砖砌结构Brick structure石砌结构Stone structure砖砼结构Brick and concrete structure 钢结构Steel structure结构型钢Shape steel木结构Timber structure组合结构Composite structure框架结构Frame structure梁板结构Beam and slab structure 构件Member承重构件Load-bearing member 结构构件Structure member肋形屋盖Ribbed roof肋形楼板Ribbed floor slab无梁楼板Flat plate; Flat slab桁架；屋架Truss; Roof truss三角形屋（桁）架Triangular truss梯形屋（桁）架Trapezoidal truss拱形屋架Arch roof truss折线形屋架Segmental roof truss弓形桁架Bowstring truss框架Frame排架Bent frame刚架Rigid frame门架Portal frame抗风构架Wind frame抗震构架Aseismic frame梁Beam; Girder大梁Girder主梁Principal beam; Primary beam 次梁Secondary beam加腋梁Haunched beam筒支梁Simply beam固端梁Fixed beam悬臂梁Cantilever beam连续梁Continuous beam托梁Spandrel圈梁girth过梁Lintel曲梁Curved beam bow beam基础梁Foundation beam 吊车梁Crane girderT形梁T-beam柱Column组合柱Combination column立柱Post吊车柱Crane column抗风柱End panel column墙wall板slab plate承重墙Bearing walls柱网Column grid支撑系统Brace system柱间支撑Portal bracing between columns 屋石支撑Roof bracing垂直支撑Vertical bracing水平支撑Horizontal bracing剪刀撑Cross bracing临时顶撑,支撑Shoring桁架式支撑Trussed bracing斜撑Kneel-brace上弦Top chord下弦Bottom chord节间Panel节点Panel point压杆Compression member; strut 拉杆Tension member; Tie-beam 腹杆Web member斜杆Diagonal member斜腹杆Diagonal web member吊杆Hanged rod; sag rod系杆，拉杆Tie bar; sag rod天窗架Skylight frame天窗Monitor; Skylight托座、牛腿Bracket檀条Purlin连接Connection接点Joint铰接点Hinged point固接点Fixed Joint安装接点Erection joint拼接接点Splice joint节点板、连接板Gusset plate; connecting plate 加劲板Stiffener plate支撑板Bearing plate填隙板Filler plate梁柱接头Beam-column connections截面Cross section拱Arch壳Shell伸缩缝Expansion joint沉降缝Settlement joint施工缝Construction joint防震缝Aseismic joint4.5.4 结构理论用语Terms for theory of slructures a) 设计方法术语Terms for design method结构设计Structure design按极限强度设计Ultimate strength design按许可应力设计Working stress design按承载能力设计Loading capacity design按稳定性设计Design according to stability按变形设计Design according to deformation 结构分析Structural analysis结构计算Structural calculation静定结构Statically determinate structures 超静定结构Statically indeterminste structures 精确计算Rigorous calculation近似计算Approximate calculation安全等级Safety classes极限状态Limit states摩擦系数Coefficient of friction质量密度Mass density重力密度Weight (Force) densityb) 结构的作用效应术语轴向力Normal force剪力Shear force弯矩Bending moment扭矩Torque水平推力Horizontal thrust水平拉力Horizontal pull水平（垂直）分力Horizontal (vertical) component合力Resultant正应力Normal stress剪应力Shear stress主应力Principal stress次应力Secondary stress预应力Prestress位移Displacement挠度Deflection变形Deformation弯曲Bending; Flexure扭转Torsionc) 材料性能、结构抗力术语Terms of property of material and resistamle of structure抗力Resistancc抵抗力矩Resistante moment强度Strength刚度Stiffness; Rigidity抗裂度Crack resistance抗压强度Compressiue strength抗拉强度Tensile strength抗剪强度Shear strength抗变强度Flcxural strength抗扭强度Torsional strength抗裂强度Cracking strength屈服强度Yield strength疲劳强度Fatigue strength弹性模量Modulus of elasticity剪切模量Shear modulus变形模量Modulus of deformation稳定性Stabilith泊松比Poisson ratiod) 几何参数术语Terma of geometry parameter 截面高度Height of section 截面有效高度Effective depth of section载面宽度Breadth of section截面厚度Thickness of section截面面积Area of section截面面积矩First moment of area截面惯性矩Second moment of area截面抵抗矩模量规范中用词Section modulus回转半径Radius of gyration偏心距eccentricity长度Length跨度Span矢高Rvse长细比Slenderness ratio4.5.5 砖石结构Masonry construction砖砌体Brickwork砌筑Laying砖标号Grade of brick; Strength of brick 毛石砌体Rubble masonry毛石砼砌体Grouted rubble masonry水泥砂浆Cement mortar石灰砂浆Lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆cement-lime mortar砂浆找平Mortar leveling4.5.6 钢筋砼结构Reinforced concrete structure素混凝土Plain concrete钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete预应力砼Prestressed concrete砼标号Grade of concrete钢号Grade of steel整体式结构Monolithic structure装配式结构Assembled structure预制构件Precast element; Fabricated element 现浇Cast-in-site; Placed-in-site浇灌砼Concreting; Costion; Pouring; Placing 一次浇灌At one pouring分二次浇灌Pours in two operations二次灌浆Final grouting钢筋保护层Reinforcement protective course 模板Formwork; shuttering拆模Form stripping预埋件Embedded inserts预留槽（洞）Groove (Hole) to be provided垫层Bedding course找平层Leveling course; Trowelling course 4.5.7 配筋Reinforcement配筋率Percentage of reinforcement主筋Main reinforlement分布筋Distributing reinforcement腹筋Web reinforcement开口箍筋U-stirrups闭口箍筋Closed stirrups环筋Hoops弯起钢筋Bent-up bar附加钢筋Additional reinforcement搭接接头Lapped splice焊接接头Welded splice钢筋间距Spacing of reinforcement吊筋Suspender双向配筋Two-way reinforced螺旋筋Spiral bar温度筋Temperature reinforcement锚固长度Anchor length埋入长度Built-in length螺孔直径Diameter of bolt hole螺孔中心线Center line of bolt hole锚栓、地脚螺栓Anchor bolt基础螺栓Foundation bolt安装螺栓Erection bolt普通螺栓Common bolt高强螺栓High strength bolt4.5.8 焊接Welding电弧焊Electric arc welding气焊，氧—乙炔焊Gas welding; oxy-acetylene welding 焊条Welding electrode; Welding-rod手工焊Manual welding自动焊Automatic welding 车间焊接Shop-welding现场焊接（工地焊接）Field-welded满焊Full weld搭接焊Lap weld贴角焊Fillet weld点焊Spot weld对接焊Butt weld仰焊Overhead weld双面贴角焊Flat fillet weld in front and back 连续贴角焊Continuous fillet weld间断贴角焊Intermittent fillet weld安装焊缝Erection weld单V形对接焊Single V butt weld双V形对接焊Double V butt weld4.5.9 特种结构Special structures水塔Water tower高烟筒Tall chimney冷却水塔Cooling tower油罐Oil tank蓄水池Water reservoir 管廊Pipe rack管架Pipe support球罐Spherical tank 裂解炉cracking furnace 起重机、吊车Crane; Hoist。
结构专业常用英语词汇
结构专业常⽤英语词汇结构专业常⽤英语词汇1. ⼀般术语房屋建筑⼯程building engineering ⼟⽊⼯程civil engineering 建构筑物construction works 结构structure基础foundation地基ground; foundation soils ⽊结构timber structure 砌体结构masonry structure 钢结构steel structure 混凝⼟结构concrete structure 特种结构special engineering structure房屋建筑building⼯业建筑industrial building 民⽤建筑civil building⽔⼯建筑物marine structure 剪⼒墙结构shear wall structure 混合结构mixed structure 板柱结构slab-column system 框架结构frame structure 壳结构shell structure 拱结构arch strucuture桁架结构truss⽹架结构space grid structure 悬索结构cable-suspended structure 框架-剪⼒墙结构frame-shear wallstructure筒体结构tube structure ⾼耸结构high-rise structure 斜拉桥cable stayed bridge 悬索桥suspension bridge 桁架桥trussed bridge 拱桥arch bridge 引桥approach span 桥墩pier 隧道tunnel 混凝⼟坝concrete dam 渠道channel2. 结构构件构件member 部件component; assembly parts 梁beam截⾯section 板slab; plate 柱column 墙wall 壳shell 桁架truss框架frame刚架rigid frame排架bent frame简⽀梁 simply supported beam 悬臂梁cantilever beam 连续梁continuous beam 叠合梁superposed beam 伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint 截⽔沟(天沟)catch ditch;intercepting channel 排⽔沟 drainage ditch 护坡slope protection;revetment 挡⼟墙retaining wall ⽌⽔sealing; seal;节点joint 桩pile沉降缝settlement joint 防震缝aseismic joint施⼯缝construction joint基础梁foundation beam桩承台pile cap; bearing platform底板 bottom slab⽔池顶板basin top slab现浇墙板cast-in-place wall panel预制墙板pre-cast wall panel钢筋混凝⼟框架reinforced concreteframe钢筋混凝⼟柱reinforced concretecolumn先张法预应⼒混凝⼟管桩pretensioned spunconcrete piles钢筋混凝⼟现浇板cast-in-placereinforced concreteslab斜梁 stringer平台梁 beams of platform⼥⼉墙 parapet⼈孔盖板 manhole cover集⽔坑catchment pit溢流槽 flood relief channel 爬梯 ladder⽜腿 bracket仪表槽盒⽀架instrument trench support电缆⽀架cable trench support ⽀撑brace⽀架support3. 结构材料预埋件embedded plate钢板steel plate钢圆环 steel ring plate⾬⽔篦⼦板 rain water grating 钢筋reinforcing bar I 级 grade I热轧光圆钢筋hot rolled plainsteel bars热轧带肋钢筋hot rolled ribbedsteel bars插筋anchor rebar钢筋锚固长度bond length of rebars钢筋搭接bar splicing箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal bar弯起钢筋bent-up bar钢筋间距rod spacing;bar spacing搭接长度overlapping length胀锚螺栓 expansion bolts螺母nut锚栓anchor bolt地脚螺栓foundation boltM30六⾓螺帽M30 six angle screw cap外露100，丝扣80outcrop 100mm，thread 80mm 垫⽚ washer C40混凝⼟C40 concrete: class 40早强剂early-strength admixture细⽯混凝⼟fine aggregate concrete防冻附加剂antifreeze admixture配合⽐mixture ratio抗渗等级P8 seepage class:抗压强度compression strength混凝⼟保护层厚度minimum concrete cover普通硅酸盐⽔泥ordinary portland cement 砂sand卵⽯pebble碎⽯crushed stone砾⽯gravel⾻料aggregate⽔泥cement粘⼟砖clay brick 垫层cushion4. 地基基础扩展基础spread foundation地基ground,foundation soils 刚性基础rigid foundation 独⽴基础single footing 联合基础combined footing 条形基础strip founcation 壳体基础shell foundation 箱形基础box foundation 筏形基础raft foundation 桩基础pile foundation沉井基础open caisson foundation ⼤直径桩基础cylinder pile foundation ⼟岩组合地基soil-rock composite ground地基允许变形值allowable subsoil deformation地基处理ground treatment 复合地基composite foundation 强夯dynamic compaction ⽀档结构retaining structure 基坑⼯程excavation engineering ⾼应变动⼒检测high strain dynamic testing of piles 单桩竖向抗压静载试验vertical compression bearing capacity static test for single pile 单桩⽔平静载试验lateral bearing capacitystatic test for single pile 单桩竖向抗拔静载试验vertical up-lifting bearing capacitystatic test for single pile 单桩竖向抗压极限承载⼒vertical ultimatecompress bearing capacity of a singlepile 桩侧摩阻⼒skin friction resistance 桩顶⽔平位移lateral displacement 桩端阻⼒end bearing resistance 单桩静载试验static test of single pile 单桩⽔平极限承载⼒ultimate lateral bearing capacity for a single pile 单桩竖向抗拔极限承载⼒ultimate vertical up-lifting bearing capacityfor a single pile 素填⼟ Plain Fill 粉⼟ Silt 粉质粘⼟ Silty Clay 淤泥质粉质粘⼟Sludgy Silty Clay 粉砂Silty Sand ⾼压缩性 high compressibility 中粗砂medium sand 中等压缩性 medium compressibility 中细砂fine sand 低压缩性 low compressibility 可塑~硬塑状态 plastic-hard plastic 泥质粉砂岩 Muddy Silty stone 流塑状态 flow plastic 粉砂质泥岩 Silty mudstone 局部软塑状态 partly soft plastic 泥岩 Mudstone 饱和saturated 强风化 high weathered 松散incompact 中等风化 medium weathered 轻微裂缝 slight defective pile 断桩 breakage of pile 桩⾝完整 pile of body integrity 缩颈 pile diameter reduction 缺陷 defect 压缩系数coefficient of compressibility 渗流seepage flow 内聚⼒（粘聚⼒） cohesion5. 钢结构钢结构 steel structure底漆 paint primer涂层 coating中间漆intermediate painting 油漆，涂料 paint⾯漆 finish coat流坠 hanging透底 disclosure皱⽪ wrinkle漏涂 miss painting返锈 rust again漆膜厚度 film thickness结构构件 structural member垂直⽀撑vertical bracing桁架 truss⼩⽴柱 postWA325钢格栅板 WA325 grating斜梁 stringer踏步板 treads钢梯 steel stairway踏步钢格板 grating for stair tread斜梯栏杆 guard rails不锈钢栏杆 stainless steel handrail预制场地 prefabrication area 平台栏杆 GR of platform原材料 raw material半成品 semi-finished goods除锈 remove rust, cleaning 切割 cutting喷砂 sand blasting打磨坡⼝ grinding型钢 section steel热轧⼯字钢hot-rolled I-beam steel热轧钢板 hot-rolled plates热轧不等边⾓钢hot-rolled unequal-legangle steel热轧等边⾓钢hot-rolled equal-legangle steel热轧H型钢hot-rolled H steel热轧槽钢hot-rolled channel steel ⽆缝钢管 seamless steel pipes扁钢 strap steel 不锈钢板 stainless steel plate垂直度 verticality分⽚组装be assembled by sections现场成框 framed at site焊缝 weld seam V型坡⼝V-type bevel焊缝⾼度 weld height焊枪 welding gun焊缝长度 weld length焊机 welding machine⽓焊 gas welding 焊炬 welding torch电焊 electric welding ⾃动和半⾃动电弧焊automatic andsemi-automatic welding ⼿⼯焊 hand welding对焊 butt welding 焊条weld rod, electrode ⾓焊缝 fillet 间断焊接 gap welding 咬边 undercut 针孔 pinhole 夹渣 slag裂纹 crack烧穿 burning out 漏焊 losing welding 弧坑 concavity 未焊透lack of fusion 打磨 grind⽕焰切割 torch cutting 喷砂除锈The sand blasting 机械钻孔drill by machine预拉⼒ prestressed ⾼强度⼤六⾓头螺栓Set of big hexagonalhigh-strength bolt 抗滑移系数Slide coefficient of faying surface 扭矩系数torsional moment coefficient终拧扭矩final torsional moment6. 荷载、强度、可靠度剪⼒shear 剪切变形shear deformation压⼒pressure 延伸率percentage of elongation 剪切模量shear modulus 拉⼒tension 应⼒stress 应变strain应⼒集中concentration of stress 应⼒松弛stress relaxation 应⼒图stress diagram 应⼒状态state of stress位移 displacement 弹性变形 elastic deformation 变形 deformation 塑性变形 plastic deformation 应变 strain 剪应变 shear strain 线应变 linear strain 主应变 principal strain 轴向⼒ normal force 主应⼒ principal stress 正应⼒ normal stress 预应⼒prestress应⼒应变曲线stress-strain curve 裂缝crack抗压强度compressive strength 抗弯强度bending strength 抗扭强度torsional strength 抗拉强度tensile strength 屈服yield屈服点yield point屈服荷载yield load 屈服极限limit of yielding 屈服强度yield strength 屈服强度下限lower limit of yield 荷载load横截⾯section, cross 承载⼒bearing capacity 承重结构bearing structure 弹性模量elastic modulus 塑性plasticity延性ductileity受弯构件member in bending轴向拉⼒axial tension受拉区tensile region可靠性reliability受压区compressive region粘结⼒cohesive force配筋率reinforcement ratio偏⼼受拉eccentric tension配箍率stirrup ratio偏⼼受压eccentric compression泊松⽐Poisson’s ratio偏⼼距eccentric distance跨度span疲劳强度fatigue strength跨⾼⽐span-to-depth ratio偏⼼荷载eccentric load设计限值 limiting design value截⾯宽度 breadth of section截⾯⾼度 height of section截⾯厚度 thickness of section截⾯直径 diameter of section截⾯⾯积 area of section截⾯周长 perimeter of section截⾯模量（抵抗矩） section modulus截⾯惯性矩 second moment of area截⾯极惯性矩polar second moment of area 截⾯回转半径 radius of gyration长细⽐slenderness ratio偏⼼矩 eccentricity偏⼼率 relative ecdentricity振动 vibration⾃振频率 natural frequency加速度 acceleration振周期natural period of vibration 频率 frequency振幅 amplitude of vibration⾃由度 degree of freedom振型 mode of vibration阻尼 damp共振 resonance强迫振动 forced vibration设计荷载design load挠度deflection设计强度design strength构造construction脆性破坏brittle failure延性破坏ductile failure可靠性 reliability适⽤性 serviceability安全性 safety耐久性 durability设计基准期 design reference period可靠概率 probability of survival可靠指标 reliability index失效概率 probability of failure概率设计法 probabilistic method极限状态设计法 limit states method容许应⼒设计法 permissible stressesmethod正常使⽤极限状态serviceability limitstates承载能⼒极限状态 ultimate limit states极限状态 limit states分项系数 partial safety factor体分布⼒ force per unit volume 作⽤ action⼒矩 moment of force线分布⼒ force per unit length永久作⽤ permanent action⾯分布⼒ force per unit area可变作⽤ variable action偶然作⽤ accidental action静态作⽤ static action固定作⽤ fixed adtion动态作⽤ dynamic action⾃重 self weight温度作⽤ temperature action施⼯荷载 site load地震作⽤ earthquake action⼟压⼒ earth pressure⽔压⼒ water pressure风荷载 wind load雪荷载 snow load风振 wind vibration吊车荷载crane load屋⾯活荷载floor live load浮⼒ buoyance浪压⼒（波浪⼒） wave pressure泥沙压⼒ silt pressute冰压⼒ ice pressure冻胀⼒ frost heave force静⽔压强 hydro-static pressure静⽔总压⼒total hydro-static pressure 动⽔压强 hydro-dynamic pressure压⼒⽔头 pressure head作⽤代表值 representative valueof an action作⽤准永久值quasi-permanent valueof an action作⽤标准值 characteristic valueof an action作⽤组合值combination value ofactions作⽤设计值 design value of anaction作⽤效应 effects of actions作⽤组合值系数coeffcient forcombination value ofactions作⽤效应系数coefficient of effectsof actions作⽤效应基本组合 fundamentalcombination foraction effects短期效应组合combination for short-term action effects作⽤效应偶然组合 accidentalcombination foraction effects长期效应组合combination for long-term action effects轴线axes标⾼elevation; datum mark坐标coordinate基准点，标⾼datum mark中⼼标⾼center elevation绝对标⾼absolute elevation相对标⾼relative elevation平⾯控制plane control⾼程控制elevation control⽔准点bench mark经纬仪transit坐标控制点coordinate control points ⽔准仪surveyor level测杆surveying rod 钢卷尺steel tape测距仪range finder7. ⼟建施⼯挖掘 excavate履带式推⼟机crawler dozer挖⼟机 excavator履带式起重机crawler crane反铲挖⼟机 back digger压路机 road roller挖沟机 trench digger翻⽃车 tipping skip铲运机 scraper⾃卸卡车 dumping truck洒⽔车 sprinkler回填 back fill⼟⽅⼯程 earth work蛙式打夯机 frog rammer钢筋切断机 bar cutter钢筋弯曲机 angle--bender基坑foundation pit双排竖管脚⼿架independent scaffold脚⼿架scaffold管⼦脚⼿架pipe scaffold 单排竖管脚⼿架putlog scaffold 满堂脚⼿架full framing ⽴杆 the standing pole 扫地杆 ground bars 横杆 ledger脚⼿板 scaffold board 防护栏 protective barrier,guard rail隔离剂 isolating agent扣件coupler旋转扣件swivel coupler ⼗字扣件double coupler 套筒扣件sleeve coupler 钢筋加⼯ rebar fabrication 铁丝 iron wire 钢筋连接rebar connection 绑扎lashing 搭接lap焊接 welding搭接接头 lap joint 焊接接头 welded joint 搭接焊lap welding 砂浆垫块mortar block制模，模板⼯程formwork 组合钢模板 combined steel formwork 模板form模板配板 formwork configuration 模板⽀设 formwork erection 安装偏差 installation deviation 模板接缝the formwork joint泵送混凝⼟pumping of concrete 混凝⼟中⼼搅拌站 centralized concretemixing plant 浇灌混凝⼟concrete pouring, depositing concrete,模板拆除 formwork removal 混凝⼟搅拌汽车concrete mixer truck混凝⼟搅拌concrete agitation 插⼊式振捣器 insertion type vibrator 振捣混凝⼟ vibrated concrete 平板振动器 plate vibrator 抹⼦，泥⼑ trowel 抹灰，抹光 toweling坍落度slump两组试块two sets of testing blocks 混凝⼟取样witness sampling of concrete混凝⼟施⼯缝处理treatment of concrete construction joint 初凝 initial set 终凝final set初凝时间 initial setting time 终凝时间final setting time 混凝⼟养护concrete curing 草垫 straw mattress回填back fill回填夯实backfill consolidation 1:2⽔泥砂浆20厚1:2 cenment mortarthickness 20mm 找平层leveling blacket 抹灰plastering抹平，找平screeding 抹灰底层rendering coat 抹光，压光trowel finish 灌缝；灌浆grout抹灰罩⾯层setting coat ⼆次灌浆post-grouting 填料filling 翼环plate ring套管pipe sleeve ⽯棉⽔泥asbestos cement 油⿇oil-- hemp 橡胶⽌⽔带rubber water stop 密封胶joint sealant 沥青涂层asphalt coating填缝板joint filler镀锌铁⽪galvanized iron sheet ure ;revetment80mmpile ompressibility area f vibration ssure ol pointsocks。
《高层建筑结构设计》专业英语词汇
18
wind frame
抗风桁架
19
wind bracing
抗风支撑
20
vortex-shedding
旋涡脱落
21
galloping
驰振
22
flutter
颤振
23
buffeting
扰振
24
dampingratio
阻尼比
25
viscous damper
粘滞阻尼器
26
viscoelastic damper
基本雪／风压
79
terrain roughness
地面粗糙度
80
seismic/earthquake load
地震荷载
81
wind load
风荷载
82
torsion eccentricity
扭转偏心距
83
center of rigidity
刚度中心
84
mass center/centroid
质量中心
41
ratio of stirrup/tie
配箍率
42
unit rigidity
线刚度
43
shear span to depth ratio
剪跨比
44
longitudinal tension reinforcement
纵向受拉钢筋
45
prestressing tendon
预应力筋
46
spiral
螺旋筋
85
pseudo-dynamic test
伪动力试验
86
pseudo-static test
伪静力试验
结构设计常用专业英语
结构设计常用专业英语词汇汇编Contents 英汉对照目录Contents I上册目录Chapter 1 Loads and Action (1)第一章荷载与作用 (1)Chapter 2 Seismic Design (8)第二章抗震设计 (8)Chapter 3 Foundation (14)第三章地基基础 (14)Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete (22)第四章钢筋混凝土结构 (22)Chapter 5 Steel Structure (28)第五章钢结构 (28)Chapter 6 Composite Structure (37)第六章组合结构 (37)Chapter 7 Masonry Structure (40)第七章砌体结构 (40)Chapter 8 Others (42)第八章其它 (42)目录汉英对照ContentsContents II下册目录第一章荷载与作用 (43)Chapter 1 Loads and Action (43)第二章抗震设计 (50)Chapter 2 Seismic Design (50)第三章地基基础 (56)Chapter 3 Foundation (56)第四章钢筋混凝土结构 (65)Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete (65)第五章钢结构 (71)Chapter 5 Steel Structure (71)第六章组合结构 (80)Chapter 6 Composite Structure (80)第七章砌体结构 (83)Chapter 7 Masonry Structure (83)第八章其它 (85)Chapter 8 Others (85)上册Chapter 1 Loads and Action 第一章荷载与作用Chapter 2 Seismic Design第二章抗震设计Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章地基基础Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete第四章钢筋混凝土结构Chapter 5 Steel Structure第五章钢结构Chapter 6 Composite Structure第六章组合结构Chapter 6 Composite Structure第六章组合结构Chapter 7 Masonry Structure第七章砌体结构Chapter 8 Others 第八章其它下册第一章荷载与作用Chapter 1 Loads and Action。
结构设计常用专业英语词汇汇编
accidental combination偶然组合accidental load偶然荷载action作用apartment公寓arched roof拱形屋面area projected on a horizontal plane水平投影面ash load积灰荷载attic阁楼balcony阳台ballroom/ dance hall舞厅basic load combination基本荷载组合basic variable基本变量basic wind speed基本风速boundary condition边界条件boundary layer边界层cab驾驶室（吊车）canopy雨棚cantilever member悬挑构件cantilever slab悬臂板case工况catwalk马道characteristic value标准值nominal value标准值standard value标准值characteristic/nominal combination标准组合cladding system围护系统coefficient of thermal expansion温度膨胀系数column effective length柱有效长度combination value组合值comply with requirement of Chinese code满足中国规范要求concentrated load集中荷载concentration of plastic deformation塑性变形集中construction and maintenance load施工和检修荷载construction load施工荷载construction sequence施工顺序control room控制室corner转角，角部corridor走廊crane load吊车荷载crane wheel load吊车轮压dead load恒载dead-load-resisting moment恒载产生的弯矩deformed position变形后位置degree of reliability可靠度density密度design reference period设计基准期design situation设计状况design value设计值design value of a load荷载设计值design working life设计使用年限determinate structure静定结构diaphragm stiffness楼板刚度differential settlement不均匀沉降distribution factor of snow pressure屋面积雪分布系数double span double pitched roof双跨双坡屋面during service life使用期间dynamic analysis动力分析dynamic coefficient动力系数earthquake action地震作用eave屋檐/挑檐edge beam边梁edge column边柱elasticity modulus弹性模量electric hoist电动葫芦element check构件校核enclosed structure封闭式结构energy能量equibrium equation平衡方程equivalent uniform live load等效均布活荷载expansion膨胀exposure category地面粗糙度类别（美）exposure factor for wind pressure风压高度变化系数（美）field experiment现场试验fire escape防火楼梯first mode第一振型fixed seats固定座位flat roof平屋顶flexible lifting hook软钩吊车floor live load楼面活荷载fluid pressure流体压力fractile分位值frequent combinations频遇组合frequent value频遇值fundamental combination基本组合gable山墙garage车库geometrical parameter几何参数gradient height梯度风高度gust阵风gust factor coefficient阵风系数gymnasium健身房hand-geared bridge crane手动吊车handrail栏杆，扶手hard lifting hook硬钩吊车height variation factor of wind pressure风压高度变化系数height-to-width ratio高宽比heliport直升飞机平台horizontal component水平分量horizontal load水平荷载horizontal load on railing栏杆水平荷载hydrostatic uplift load水浮力impact factor冲击系数impact load冲击荷载importance factor重要性系数indeterminate structure超静定结构interpolation内插值法laboratory实验室large(long)-span structure大跨结构lateral force on crane runaway beam吊车横向水平荷载lateral load侧向力leeward背风面lifted load吊重limit state极限状态live load活荷载load code for the design of building structures建筑结构荷载规范load combination荷载组合load combination coefficient荷载组合系数load effect荷载效应lobby大厅local area局部部位local load局部荷载longitudinal force on crane runaway beam吊车纵向水平荷载long-term deflection长期变形magnification factor of wind fluctuation脉动增大系数manned roof上人屋面mass质量material property材料性能maximum wheel load最大轮压mean roof height平均屋面高度minimum potential energy principle最小势能原理mode superposition振型叠加法mountainous region山区movable seats活动座位multi degree-of-freedom system多自由度体系multi-defense system多道设防体系occupancy category房屋类别office building办公楼on adjacent span相邻跨on alternate span隔跨on the entire span满跨on the half span半跨open-frame tower敞开式塔架operating load操作荷载operating room手术室overturning倾覆overturning moment倾覆弯矩parapet wall女儿墙partial safety factor for loads荷载分项系数partially enclosed structure半敞开式结构partition load隔墙荷载passenger vehicle客车patient room病房performance function功能函数period for no.1第一周期period reduction factor周期折减系数permanent action（load）永久作用（荷载）permanent load永久荷载permanent partition固定隔墙pitched roof坡屋顶，斜屋面place of public assembly人口密集处plant厂房platform看台Poisson's ratio泊松比pond load积水荷载portable partition可移动隔墙primary load-resisting system主要承重体系probability distribution概率分布probability of failure失效概率purlin檩条quasi-permanent combinations准永久组合quasi-permanent value准永久值rated capacity额定起重量（吊车）reading room阅览室recurrence interval重现期reducing coefficient of live load活荷载折减系数reduction of live load活荷载折减reference snow pressure基本雪压reference wind pressure基本风压reliability可靠性reliability index可靠指标repeated service load反复荷载representative value代表值representative value of a load荷载代表值representative value of gravity load重力荷载代表值residential住宅resistance抗力ridge屋脊roof garden屋顶花园roof live load屋面活荷载roof slope屋面坡度safety category安全等级saw-toothed roof锯齿形屋面scaffolding脚手架self-straining force自应力荷载serviceablility limit state正常使用极限状态shape factor of wind load风荷载体形系数shear modulus剪切模量single degree-of-freedom system单自由度体系single span monopitched roof单跨单坡屋面skylight天窗sliding滑移snow load雪荷载soil pressure土压力stack room书库stage舞台stair楼梯stair tread踏步板statistical data统计资料statistical parameter统计参数steel rail钢轨，轨道stiffness刚度stiffness enlargement factor for middle-span beam中梁刚度放大系数stiffness restraint of backfill soil to basement回填土对地下室约束的相对刚度storey drift层间位移strain energy应变能stress-strain relationship应力－应变关系strong shear – weak bending强剪弱弯suburban area城市郊区take-off weight起飞重量temporary partition临时隔墙terrain roughness地面粗糙度the most critical combination最不利组合the most critical effect最不利效应the worst case最不利情况theatre剧院time history analysis时程分析transverse traveling load横向行驶的荷载（吊车）tributary area从属面积trolley小车（吊车）tunnel test风洞试验ultimate limit state承载能力极限状态unbalanced accumulation不均匀堆积unenclosed structure敞开式结构unmanned roof不上人屋面urban area城市市区variable action（load）可变作用（荷载）variational principal变分原理vertical component竖向分量vertical element竖向构件vertical load竖向荷载virtual work虚功wind fluctuation factor脉动影响系数wind fluttering factor风振系数wind load风荷载wind shield挡风板wind-excited oscillation风致振动windward迎风面work功working grade工作级别（吊车）accidental eccentricity偶然偏心additional bending moment附加弯矩additional damping附加阻尼additional seismic action factors at top of the building顶部附加地震作用系数allowable value of drift angle层间位移角限值amplifying factor for elaso-plastic story drift弹塑性层间位移放大系数artificial acceleration time-history curve人工模拟加速度时程曲线avalanche崩塌axial-force-ratio轴压比backing bar垫板base shear force底部剪力base shear method基底剪力法bearing wall承重墙boundary of slope边坡边缘brittle mode of failure脆性破坏buried depth埋置深度cast-in-situ concrete floor现浇混凝土楼板center of mass质量中心center of rigidity刚度中心circular natural frequency自振圆频率code for seismic design of buildings建筑抗震设计规范compaction method加密法composite floor with fluted plate压型钢板钢筋混凝土组合楼板compound hoop复合箍筋compound or continuous compound rectangular复合或连续复合矩形螺旋箍 spiral hoopconcentrically braced frame中心支撑框架confining boundary element约束边缘构件core column芯柱corner column角柱coupled torsion method扭转藕联方法coupling beam连梁critical damping临界阻尼crosswise brace交叉支撑damped free vibration有阻尼自由振动damping ratio阻尼比deformations predominantly due to shear剪切变形为主design basic acceleration of ground motion设计基本地震加速度design characteristic period of ground motion设计特征周期design earthquake groups设计地震分组design parameters of ground motion设计地震动参数detail of seismic design抗震构造措施diaphragm discontinuity楼面不连续discontinuity in bearing capacity承载力突变discontinuity in vertical anti-lateral-force members竖向抗侧力构件不连续displacement-relevant type位移相关型dog-bone connection狗骨节点double plate贴板double-limb coupling wall双肢抗震墙ductility延性dynamic characteristics动力特性earthquake action地震作用eccentrically braced frame偏心支撑框架elasto-plastic deformation analysis弹塑性变形分析elato-plasic time-history analyzing method弹塑性时程分析end-column端柱energy-dissipating beam segment耗能梁段energy-dissipating component耗能构件equivalent static lateral force等效侧向静力荷载equivalent viscous damping ratio等效粘滞阻尼比expansion joint/contraction joint伸缩缝favorable有利fixing location嵌固部位frame structure框架结构frame-brace框架-支撑frame-core-tube structure框架-核心筒结构framed tube框架-筒体frame-support wall structure部分框支抗震墙结构frame-wall structure框架-抗震墙结构frequently earthquake多遇地震full penetration butt welds完全熔透坡口焊geotechnical stability岩土地震的稳定性grade 1/2/3 framed structure1/2/3级框架grade 1/2/3 wall1/2/3级抗震墙grade of liquefaction液化等级gravity additional bending moment重力附加弯矩great frame巨型框架ground subsidence震陷height-width ratio高宽比hidden column暗柱hidden-beam暗梁horizontal brace水平支撑horizontal seismic influence coefficient水平地震影响系数horizontal transmission member水平转换构件inverted-v shape brace人字支撑isolation joint抗震缝joint-panel shear deformation节点域剪切变形k-shape brace K型支撑landslide滑坡lateral braced point侧向支承点lateral displacement(sway) stiffness侧移刚度lateral-force-resisting system抗侧力体系limit value of elaso-plastic story drift rotation弹塑性层间位移角限值limit value of elastic story drift rotation弹性层间位移角限值linear static/dynamic analyzing method线性静/动力分析方法liquefaction液化liquefaction index液化指数liquefaction mitigation measure抗液化措施liquefaction subsoil液化地基lonely tall hill高耸孤立的山丘long-cantilevered structure长悬臂结构longitudinal wall纵墙lumped mass集中质量major earthquake大震maximum pressure on foundation bottom基底最大压力maximum ratio of total height to total width最大高宽比mean pressure on foundation bottom基底平均压力mechanic model力学模型mode振型、模态mode participation factor振型参与系数moment resisting frame框架non-liquefaction不液化non-rocky steep slope非岩石的陡坡oblique direction lateral-force-resisting member斜交抗侧力构件ordinary boundary element构造边缘构件ordinary braced frame普通支撑框架ordinary hoop普通箍筋overlaying depth覆盖层厚度parapet without anchorage无锚固女儿墙partial factor for horizontal seismic action水平地震作用分项系数partial factor for vertical seismic action竖向地震作用分项系数peak ground acceleration地面加速度峰值plastic hinge塑性铰polar moment of inertial极惯性矩pre-cast floor/roof装配式楼盖/屋面prefabricated concrete roof/floor预制楼盖/屋盖probability of exceedence超越概率rarely earthquake罕遇地震recurrence interval重现周期reduction factor for the liquefaction effect of soil layer土层液化影响折减系数reentrance corners irregularity凹凸不规则reentrant corner凹角regular seismic building规则抗震建筑reinforced concrete spandrel girder钢筋混凝土托墙梁reinforced concrete wall plane with hidden steel brace 内藏钢支撑钢筋混凝土墙板reinforced concrete wall plane with vertical separators 带竖缝钢筋混凝土墙板representative value of gravity重力荷载代表值response spectrum反应谱response spectrum method for modal analysis振型分解反应谱法restoring-force characteristic model恢复力模型retaining wall抗撞墙rigid base刚性地基rigid/semi-rigid/flexible diaphragm刚性/半刚性/柔性隔板river bank河岸rubber isolator unit橡胶隔震单元saturated sand饱和砂土saturated silt饱和粘土secant stiffness割线刚度secondary effect of gravitation重力二阶效应seismic adjusting factor for loading capacity承载力抗震调整系数seismic capacity for the nodes of frame框架节点核心区地震承载力seismic concept design of buildings建筑抗震概念设计seismic detail requirement抗震构造要求seismic fortification category抗震设防类别seismic fortification criterion抗震设防标准seismic fortification intensity抗震设防烈度seismic fortification measures抗震措施seismic multiple-defense lines多道抗震防线seismic overturning moment地震倾覆弯矩seismic shear factor value of floor level楼层地震剪力系数seismic shear force地震剪力seismic soil bearing capacity地基抗震承载力seismically isolated隔震的settlement caused by liquefaction液化沉陷settlement joint沉降缝shear-wave velocity of soil剪切波速single diagonal brace单斜杆支撑site场地site-classes场地类别slab-column-structural wall structure板柱-抗震墙结构soft subsoil软土地基special concentrically braced frame特殊中心支撑框架speed linear relevant type速度线性相关型speed non-linear relevant type速度非线性相关型spiral hoop螺旋箍stiffness irregularity侧向刚度不规则story displacement楼层位移story strengthening with outrigger member加强层story yield strength coefficient楼层屈服强度系数strength reducing factor under cycling load受循环荷载时强度降低系数stress concentration应力集中strip-protruding spur条状突出的山嘴strong-column/weak-beam强柱弱梁supporting-column框支柱the adjusting factor of slope for the linear decreasesection直线下降段的下降斜率调整系数the damping adjustment factor阻尼调整系数the horizontal dynamic stiffness水平动刚度the minimum hoop characteristic最小配箍率特征值the natural vibration period自振周期the power index of the curvilinear decrease section曲线下降段的衰减指数the spacing of hoops箍筋间距the ultimate shear capacity of a bolt一个螺栓的极限受剪承载力the yield capacity for the joint-panel of beam and column 梁柱节点区域屈服承载力tie column构造柱torsion effect扭转效应torsional irregularity扭转不规则transference story转换层transverse wall横墙truss tube桁架-筒体tube in tube structure筒中筒结构tubes束筒vertical and lateral distribution web reinforcement竖向和横向分布钢筋(抗震墙) vertical seismic action竖向地震作用vertical seismic influence coefficient竖向地震影响系数volumetric ratio of hoop reinforcement体积配箍率wall structure抗震墙结构weak region of seismic building抗震建筑薄弱部位weak story薄弱层a under-reamed cast-in-situ pile扩底灌注桩a weak underlying stratum软弱下卧层active earth pressure主动土压力adjacent excavation相邻基坑adjacent pile相邻桩allowable differential settlements容许差异沉降allowable subsoil deformation地基变形允许值allowable value允许值anchor depth锚固深度anchor force锚固力anchor pile锚桩anchor plate锚垫板anchor rod锚杆anchored retaining wall锚杆挡墙angle of inclination倾角angle of internal friction of the soil土的内摩擦角angular gravel角砾arc sliding surface method圆弧滑动面法average additional pressure平均附加压力average pressure平均压力base failure地基破坏base plate of mat foundation筏基底板beams on elastic foundation弹性地基梁block stone块石bored pile钻孔桩boring钻孔boulders漂石box foundation箱型基础braced excavation支撑开挖brick foundation砖基础broken stone/crushed stone碎石cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙casing套管casing filled with concrete套管内灌混凝土cast-in-situ concrete pile foundation混凝土灌注桩基础center pile中心桩changing of ground water level地下水位变化characteristic value特征值check on compression抗压验算check on shear strength抗剪验算clay粘土clearance space净空coarse sand粗纱cobble卵石coefficient of additional stress附加应力系数coefficient of compressibility压缩系数coefficient of consolidation固结系数coefficient of permeability渗透系数cohesion force粘聚力cohesive soil粘性土combined foundation联合基础compaction piles压实桩compensated foundation补偿基础composite subgrade /composite foundation复合地基concrete against infiltration抗渗混凝土concrete foundation混凝土基础cone foundation锥形基础cone penetration test圆锥灌入试验connection beam联系梁consolidation固结consolidation curve固结曲线consolidation test固结试验consolidation theory固结理论constant head常水头contents of grains颗粒含量corner pile角桩corner point method角点法correction factor for depth深度修正系数counter-fort walls扶壁式挡土墙cushion course垫层deep basement深层地下室deep excavation深开挖deep-mixing pile深层搅拌桩deformation compatibility变形协调degree of saturation饱和度depth of excavation开挖深度design of wall against sliding挡土墙抗滑设计diaphragm walls地下连续墙difference in settlements沉降差direct shear test直剪试验drainage layer排水层drainage of footing基础排水drainage of wall挡墙的排水driven cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩driven pile打入桩driving打桩driving shoe桩头/桩靴drop hammer落锤dry density干密度dry unit weight干容重dynamic pile capacity桩的动承载力earth works土方工程eccentric load偏心荷载eccentrically loaded foundation偏心受荷基础effective gravitational density浮重度embedment depth埋深end bearing piles端承桩end resistance of a pile桩端承载力excavation开挖基坑excavation support structure基坑维护结构excess pore water pressure超空隙水压力external ground level室外地面标高field vane test现场十字板试验filled and leveled area填方整平地区filled ground level填土面标高filled soil人工填土final settlement最终沉降量fine sand细纱flange of varying thickness变厚度翼缘floating foundation浮筏基础foundation基础foundation base基础底面foundation top基础顶面foundation types基础类型fraction粒组含量friction piles / floating piles摩擦桩general shear failure整体剪切破坏geological conditions地质条件gravitational density重度gravity density重力密度gravity retaining walls重力式挡土墙ground anchor土锚/地锚ground beams地梁ground surface室外地面ground treatment地基处理high socket foundation高杯口基础high-rise pile cap高桩承台H-pile H 型桩hydraulic gradient水力梯度inclined anchor斜锚杆inclined wall倾斜式挡土墙initial ground water level初始地下水位insertion depth插入深度in-situ static loading test of a single pile单桩静载荷试验internal ground level室内地面标高jacked-down piles静压桩laboratory vane test室内十字板试验large diameter pile大直径桩large displacement pile大量挤土桩large-area storage loading大面积堆载lateral earth pressure侧向土压力lateral earth pressure at rest侧向静止土压力laterite /red clay红粘土layered soil成层土lifting of piles桩上拔lime concrete foundation三合土基础lime-soil foundation灰土基础liquid limit液限liquidity index液性指数loaded pile受荷桩local shear failure局部剪切破坏low pile cap低桩承台main load-bearing layer主要受力层mat slab筏板medium sand中砂method of beams and slabs on elastic foundation弹性地基梁板法modulusof compressibility压缩模量Mohr's stress circle摩尔应力圆moisture content of soil土的含水量muck淤泥mucky soil淤泥质土multi-layer summation method分层总和法natural subsoil天然地基negative skin friction负摩阻力net pressure净压力net water pressure净水压力non-displacement pile非挤土桩non-reinforced spread foundation无筋扩展基础non-uniform soils不均匀地基normally consolidated正常固结offshore foundation海岸基础optimum water content最佳含水量order of driving打桩顺序overburden pressure超载压力over-consolidated超固结overturning of retaining wall挡土墙的倾覆pad foundation beneath columns柱下独立基础partial tilting局部倾斜particle shape颗粒形状particle size粒径passive earth pressure被动土压力penetration depth灌入深度penetration-resistant grade抗渗等级per liner meter每延米pile cap承台pile defect桩的缺陷pile failure桩破坏pile failure mode桩的破坏模式pile foundation桩基础pile group群桩pile point桩尖pile shaft桩身pile shaft strength桩身强度pile space桩距pile type桩型plastic limit塑限plasticity index塑性指数plate load test平板载荷试验pore pressure空隙压力pore water pressure空隙水压力porosity空隙率pre-cast concrete pile foundation混凝土预制桩基础preloaded foundation soils预压地基primary consolidation主固结primary settlement初始沉降pull out resistance of footing at depth深基础的抗拔力pull out resistance of shallow footing浅基础的抗拔力punching冲切punching failure冲切破坏punching failure cone冲切破坏锥体racked piles斜桩raft foundation筏基redriving of piles桩复打reinforced earth加劲土reinforced earth wall加劲土墙retaining walls挡土墙retraining structure支挡结构rigid foundation刚性基础risen pile上抬的桩rock岩石rock anchor岩锚rock discontinuity structure plan岩体结构面rock-inlaid cast-in-situ pile嵌岩灌注桩rounded gravel圆砾rubble concrete foundation毛石混凝土基础rubble foundation毛石基础sample disturbance土样扰动screw piles螺旋桩secondary consolidation次固结settlement沉降，沉降量settlement observation沉降观测settlement rate沉降速率shallow foundation浅基础shear key in sliding wall抗滑墙上的剪力键side of pile group群桩的周边silky clay粉质粘土silky sand粉沙silky soil粉土single-story bent structures单层排架结构skin friction of a pile桩侧摩阻力skin area of piles桩周面积slab foundation平板式筏基sliding moment滑动力矩sliding-resistant moment抗滑力矩slip surface滑动面slope边坡slope angle边坡坡角slope stability边坡稳定性slurry excavation泥浆开挖slurry trench pile泥浆护壁类桩型slurry walls泥浆连续墙small displacement pile少量挤土桩socket base杯底socket foundation杯口基础socket wall杯臂soft cohesive soil软弱粘土soil aggregate gravelly soil碎石土soil classification土的分类soil of high compressibility高压缩性土soil of low compressibility低压缩性土soil of medium compressibility中压缩性土soil-compacting effectsqueezing effect挤土效应soil-rock composite subgrade土岩组合地基solidier pile直桩spread foundation扩展基础stability of foundation地基稳定性standard frost penetration标准冻深standard penetration test标准灌入试验static water pressures静止水压力steel sheet piles钢板桩stepped foundation阶梯型基础stiffened slab foundation梁板式筏基stress increase应力增量stress release应力释放strip foundation beneath columns柱下条形基础strip foundation beneath walls墙下条形基础strip foundation with cross beams交叉条形基础strip load条形荷载struts critical depth支撑临界深度subgrade地基subgrade bearing capacity地基承载力substratum下卧层superstructure上部结构surface-empty phenomena脱空现象the bearing stratum持力层depth of foundation for settlement calculation地基沉降计算深度the medium weathered rock中风化岩石the minimum reinforcement ratio最小配筋率the peripheral length of the pile shaft桩身周长the principle of stress superposition应力叠加原理the report of engineering geological survey工程地质勘查报告the slightly weathered rock微风化岩石the Winkler foundation model文可勒地基模型three-pile cap三桩承台thrust due to land slide滑坡推力tilting倾斜toe of retaining wall挡土墙趾triaxial test三轴试验ultimate load of pile group群桩极限荷载unconfined compression test无侧限压缩试验undrained shear strength不排水抗剪强度uniaxial compression单轴压缩unit weight of soil土的容重vertical bearing capacity of a pile单桩竖向承载力void ratio/ porosity ratio空隙比water saturation水饱和weighted average gravitational density加权平均重度width-height ratio of step台阶高宽比abamurus挡土墙，扶壁abutment wall/flange wall翼墙accelerant/accelerated agent促凝剂accelerated cement快凝水泥acceptance specification验收规范acid and alkali-resistant grout耐酸碱水泥浆acid and alkali-resistant mortar耐酸碱水泥砂浆addition agent添加剂adhesive胶粘剂adhesive attraction附着力adhesive bitumen primer冷底子油aeroconcrete加气混凝土age龄期aggregate骨料allowable stress design容许应力设计axial compression轴压axial compressive load轴心压力axial tension轴拉be bent cold冷弯beam depth梁高beam-to-column connections梁柱节点bent-up bar弯起钢筋bottom reinforcement底筋boundary elements边缘构件bundle绑轧buttress扶壁柱cantilever beam悬臂梁cast-in-place concrete现浇混凝土centroidal axis中心轴clear cover保护层clear spacing净距clear span净跨coarse aggregate粗骨料collar tie beam/ring-beam圈梁column柱column-to-footing connection柱脚节点compression reinforcement受压钢筋compression-controlled section受压控制截面compressive strength抗压强度concrete structures混凝土结构construction joints施工缝continuing bar连续钢筋continuous连续continuous beams连续梁continuous slabs连续板corrosion protection防腐crack开裂，裂缝cracking moment开裂弯矩creep徐变cross section横截面cross section截面cure养护deep beam深梁deformed/spiral reinforcement螺纹钢筋depth of slab板厚depth-span ratio高跨比design load combinations设计荷载组合development length/lap length搭接长度ducts for grouted灌浆管durability耐久性dynamic amplification factor动力放大系数effective compressive flange有效受压翼缘effective cross-sectional area有效截面effective depth of section截面有效高度effective prestress有效预应力elastic deflection弹性变形embedment length锚固长度equivalent rectangular column正方形截面柱expansive cement膨胀水泥exterior basement wall地下室外墙factored load乘以分项系数的荷载fine aggregate细骨料fire protection防火fixed固定flange翼板flexural and compression members压弯构件footings of buildings建筑物底部form模板formulas公式frame structure with special-shaped columns异型柱框架结构frame-truss structure with special-shaped columns异型柱框架－桁架结构grade等级grade 60 concrete C60混凝土grade beam地基梁gross section全截面grout水泥浆grouting灌浆high-early-strength cement早强水泥high-strength steel bar高强钢筋hollow-core slab空心楼板hydraulic cement水泥inclined beam斜梁inclined stirrup斜向箍筋in-plane force面内荷载isolation joint分隔缝joint节点lap splices搭接large volumes of concrete大体积混凝土lateral force-resisting systems抗侧体系layer层length over梁、柱全长lift-slab construction升板施工lightweight aggregate轻骨料lightweight concrete轻质混凝土loaded area荷载面积longitudinal reinforcement纵筋long-time deflection永久变形loss of prestress预应力损失materials for grout灌浆料mechanical anchorage机械锚固mechanical connections机械连接midspan跨中minimum slab thickness最小板厚mix搅拌mix proportions配比moment magnification factor弯矩放大系数moment of inertia惯性矩moment-resisting frames刚架negative moment负弯矩negative moment reinforcement梁上部纵筋neutral axis中和轴nominal diameter of bar钢筋直径nominal strength强度标准值non pre-stressed reinforcement非预应力钢筋nonbearing wall非承重墙non－potable water非饮用水nonstructural members非结构构件nonsway column非摇摆柱nonsway frame无侧移框架one-way slabs单向板opening开洞overall thickness总厚overstressed超应力pedestal基座pilaster壁柱plain concrete素混凝土plain reinforcement光面钢筋plastic hinge region塑性铰区Portland cement波特兰水泥positive moment正弯矩positive moment reinforcement梁下部纵筋post-tension后张拉pre-cast concrete预制混凝土prestress losses预应力损失pre-stressed concrete预应力混凝土pre-stressing tendons预应力钢筋pretension先张法rectangular beam矩形梁reduction factors折减系数reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced gypsum concrete钢筋石膏混凝土reinforcement around structural steel core钢骨外包混凝土reinforcement ratio配筋率relaxation of tendon stress钢筋预应力松弛residual deflection/deformation残余变形rib肋seismic hook箍筋抗震钩seismic zones地震区settlement of supports支座沉降seven-day strength7天强度shear bar抗剪钢筋shear key抗剪键shear reinforcement梁箍筋shear walls剪力墙shore支撑架short-limb shear wall短肢剪力墙short-limb shear wall structure with special-shaped异型柱－短肢剪力墙结构columnsshrinkage/contraction收缩shrinkage-compensating concrete无收缩混凝土side face reinforcement梁腰筋simply supported beams简支梁simply supported solid slabs简支板six-bar-diameter六倍钢筋直径slab楼板slab without beams.无梁楼盖slag矿渣slag cement火山灰水泥span length跨度special-shaped column异形柱spiral reinforcement柱箍筋splitting tensile strength拉裂强度standard deviation标准差steam curing蒸汽养护steel-encased concrete core钢包核心混凝土stiffness reduction factor刚度折减系数stirrup箍筋strength强度strength design强度设计strength-reduction factor强度折减系数stripping拆模strong column/weak beam强柱弱梁strong connection强节点structural diaphragm结构隔板structural members结构构件structural system with special-shaped columns异型柱结构体系structural trusses结构桁架strut支柱support支座support reaction支座反力tensile strain拉应变tensile strength抗拉强度tension and shear act simultaneously拉力与剪力同时作用tension reinforcement受拉钢筋tension-controlled section受拉控制截面tolerance公差top reinforcement顶筋torsion reinforcement抗扭钢筋transverse reinforcement横向钢筋two-way slab双向板volumetric ratio体积比wall pier短肢墙water-cement ratio水灰比water-cement ratio by weight重量水灰比web腹板welded splices焊接white Portland cement白水泥a rigid beam-to-column connection梁柱刚性连接accuracy of construction(fabrication)安装精度acid-pickle酸洗additional tests附加检验additional tests on steels钢材附加检验alignment对准allowable slenderness ratio容许长细比allowable stress range容许应力幅angle of stress dispersal应力扩散角automatic welding自动焊automatic or semi-automatic process全自动或半自动方式backing plate衬板，垫板battened members缀板柱battens，batten plate缀板beam-columns压弯构件bearing connection承压连接bearing stength承压强度bearing stiffener支承加劲肋bend test弯曲试验blast-clean磨砂bolt tightening螺栓拧紧bolted connections螺栓连接bolting螺栓branch member支管brittle fracture脆断butt welds对头焊接camber起拱carbon content碳含量carbon structural steels碳素结构钢cast steel铸钢Charpy V-notch impact test v形坡口冲击试验chord member弦杆cladding涂层closed section闭口截面coefficient of linear expansion线膨胀系数cold-formed steel structural member冷弯型钢构件compact section厚实截面component stability单肢稳定condition of bolts螺栓状态condition of steel钢材状况constant amplitude fatigue常幅疲劳couposite rubber and steel support橡胶支座crane girder吊车梁crane truss吊车桁架cross diagonals交叉斜杆cutting切割defect acceptance criteria缺陷可接受准则design value of strength of steel钢材强度设计值diagonal stiffeners斜加劲肋dimensions and tolerances尺寸和允许误差direct dynamic loading/直接动力荷载distortion/deformation变形double-stepped column双阶柱doubly symmetric section双轴对称截面edge distance边距effective length计算长度，有效长度effective length factor计算长度系数effective length for torsional bucking扭转屈曲计算长度effective thickness of fillet welds角焊缝有效厚度effective width有效宽度effective width factor有效宽度系数end bearing端面承压end moment端弯矩equal leg angles等边角钢equivalent slenderness ratio换算长细比erection安装erection drawing安装图evaluation of welding techniques焊接工艺评定excessive deformation过度变形eyebar眼杆factor of equivalent moment等效弯矩系数fatigue failure疲劳破坏faying surfaces for hsfg fasteners高强摩擦连接的构件表面field /site welding现场焊接field connection现场接头fillers填板fillet welds角焊缝finish/surface layer面层first order elastic analysis一阶弹性分析flame-cut edge焰切边flange凸缘flexural buckling弯曲失稳flexural-torsional buckling弯扭屈曲forged steel connection node pieces节点锻造钢构件forming成孔frame braced with strong bracing system强支撑纯框架frame braced with weak bracing system弱支撑纯框架frequency of weld examination焊接检验次数。
结构建筑专业术语
结构建筑专业术语1. 结构力学（Structural Mechanics）：研究力、应力和变形的科学原理，用于分析和设计建筑物的结构。
2. 设计荷载（Design Load）：在建筑物设计过程中考虑到的各种力学荷载，如自重、活荷载、雪荷载、风荷载等。
4. 结构模型（Structural Model）：用于分析和设计建筑物结构的数学模型，可以是二维或三维的。
5. 结构分析（Structural Analysis）：使用力学原理和数值计算方法，对建筑物的结构进行稳定性、强度和刚度等方面的分析。
6. 结构设计（Structural Design）：根据结构分析的结果和设计需求，确定合适的结构形式、尺寸和材料，以满足建筑物使用和安全要求的过程。
7. 结构系统（Structural System）：指建筑物的结构形式和组合方式，如框架结构、桁架结构、悬挂结构、贝壳结构等。
8. 承重墙（Load Bearing Wall）：用于承担建筑物重力荷载和横向荷载的墙体结构。
9. 钢结构（Steel Structure）：使用钢材作为主要结构材料的建筑物结构系统。
10. 混凝土结构（Concrete Structure）：使用混凝土材料作为主要结构材料的建筑物结构系统。
11. 预应力结构（Prestressed Structure）：在混凝土结构中引入预压力，以提高结构的承载能力和抗震性能。
12. 梁（Beam）：承载荷载并将其传递到支撑结构的水平构件，通常横截面为矩形或T形。
13. 柱（Column）：承载建筑物重力荷载并将其传递到地基的垂直结构元素。
14. 基础（Foundation）：将建筑物的重力荷载传递到地基并分散到地面的结构部分，通常包括浅基础和深基础。
15. 刚性连接（Rigid Connection）：将结构构件连接在一起的方法，使其能够传递力和阻止相对运动。
16. 弹性变形（Elastic Deformation）：结构在受力时通过弹性恢复能够发生的变形，超过弹性极限后会发生不可逆的塑性变形。
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结构设计常用专业英语
词汇汇编
Chapter 1 Loads and Action (1)
第一章荷载与作用 (1)
Chapter 2 Seismic Design (8)
第二章抗震设计 (8)
Chapter 3 Foundation (14)
第三章地基基础 (14)
Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete (22)
第四章钢筋混凝土结构 (22)
Chapter 5 Steel Structure (28)
第五章钢结构 (28)
Chapter 6 Composite Structure (37)
第六章组合结构 (37)
Chapter 7 Masonry Structure (40)
第七章砌体结构 (40)
Chapter 8 Others (43)
第八章其它 (43)
第一章荷载与作用 (44)
Chapter 1 Loads and Action (44)
第二章抗震设计 (51)
Chapter 2 Seismic Design (51)
第三章地基基础 (57)
Chapter 3 Foundation (57)
第四章钢筋混凝土结构 (66)
Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete (66)
第五章钢结构 (72)
Chapter 5 Steel Structure (72)
第六章组合结构 (81)
Chapter 6 Composite Structure (81)
第七章砌体结构 (84)
Chapter 7 Masonry Structure (84)
第八章其它 (86)
Chapter 8 Others (86)
上册
Chapter 1 Loads and Action 第一章荷载与作用
Chapter 2 Seismic Design第二章抗震设计
Chapter 3 Foundation 第三章地基基础
第四章钢筋混凝土结Chapter 4 Reinforcement Concrete
构
Chapter 5 Steel Structure第五章钢结构
Chapter 6 Composite Structure第六章组合结构
Chapter 7 Masonry Structure第七章砌体结构
Chapter 8 Others 第八章其它
下册
第一章荷载与作用Chapter 1 Loads and Action。