专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(25)

Test Twenty Five

近义词辨析

source, origin, root, resource

这组词均含有“打破”或“挤碎”的意思。

source和origin

都表示某事的“起源，开端”。source原指河流的源头，其引申义可用来指某事物的最初来源或出处，在指非物质或无形的事物时尤其如此。source还常指消息等的“来源，出处”。 origin常译为“起源，发源，起因”，指导致某事物最后出现或形成的因素，或某事物在遥远的空间以外或久远的年代以前的最初形态，常表示某种历史文化现象、风俗习惯的“起源”，有时可译为“起因”。

root的意义是“根源，起因”，它强调导致某事物最终出现的最初的、最根本的、最重要的原因，由此所产生的现象或事物常成为一种外观的产物。

resource

主要指一个国家或地区可以取用的“资源，财力，资产”，一般以复数形式出现。resource 也可指人在处理问题时所表现出的“才智，机敏”，此时resource为不可数名词。

Literature is a source of endless pleasure to many thousands.文学是很多人快乐的无尽源泉。

Do you know the origin of the custom of giving presents at Christmas?你知道在圣诞节互赠礼品这一风俗的来源吗?

The root of the question lay in the seizure of the land of Ireland by the English ruling class.这个问题的根源在于英国统治阶级对爱尔兰土地的攫取。

The mortgage is a drain on our financial resources.偿还抵押贷款是我们财务上的一大负担。

ordinary, mediocre, commonplace

这组词均含有“平常的，普通的”的意思。

ordinary

意为“普通的，通常的”，使用范围较广，也有“平淡”之意，但不含贬义。

mediocre

意思是“平常，平庸的”，表示事物既不很好，也不很坏，但比所期望的差，隐含“二流”之意。如放在副词only或just后，则加重其贬义。

commonplace

意为“平常的，平凡的”，强调期望与事实差距悬殊，常用作贬义。

It is an ordinary summer day.这是个平常的夏日。

He is a person of mediocre abilities.他是平庸之才。

He’s not at all exciting. In fact, he’s really rather commonplace.他毫不出奇，实际上平庸得很。

全真模拟试题

1. ____ , he is always modest.

A. With all his profound knowledge

B. Because of all his profound knowledge

C. With his all profound knowledge

D. For his profound knowledge

2. His honesty is ____ ; nobody can doubt it.

A. in question

B. out of question

C. beside the question

D. without question

3. When cooking a delicious dish, this kind of spice ____ into account.

A. must be taken

B. was taken

C. had been taken

D. would have been taken

4. It was not until he took up fishing that he ____ to relax.

A. had been beginning

B. began

C. had begun

D. beginning

5. Not only you but also I ____ mistaken on this point.

A. are

B. were

C. have

D. am

6. Twenty pounds ____ enough for such a poor family spend for a month.

A. were

B. being

C. have been

D. was

7. The president of the college, together with the deans, ____ planning a conference for the purpose of laying down a series of regulations.

A. were

B. are

C. is

D. will

8. Many a person ____ at the gate of the department store.

A. is standing

B. are standing

C. have been standing

D. have stood

9. “I got to my office on time.”“What if your car ____ ”?

A. would broken down

B. broke down

C. breaks down

D. had broken down

10. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops ____ still better.

A. will be growing

B. are growing

C. would have been growing

D. would be growing

11. Before the invention of refrigeration, the ____ of fish and meat was a thorny problem.

A. keeping

B. maintaining

C. protection

D. preservation

12. A sudden movement caught the pony’s attention and he instantly became ____ and alert.

A. doubtful

B. suspicious

C. suspecting

D. hesitating

13. During their first teacher training year, the students often visited local schools for the ____ of lessons.