加工中心刀柄结构说明PPT课件
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•对于仅仅是锥度连接的刀夹系统来说，
当主轴在高速旋转的情况下，因为主轴 本身锥孔的膨胀，而主轴和刀柄的连接 又仅仅是通过锥度面连接，此时刀柄受 到拉力的影响会有一个回缩。
•两面接触的连接方式有助于解决该问
题。HSK即是被广泛使用的一种两面 接触的刀夹系统。
.
2
Two Face Contact Holders/两面接触刀柄
Tool Holders/刀夹系统
In the system of spindle + tool holder + cutting tool, the tool holder is the link that has the most effect on overall concentricity and balance. Don’t think of it as commodity hardware. As spindle speed increases, the choice of tool holder has more impact on process effectiveness
在主轴+刀柄+刀具这样的一个系统 中，刀柄是影响同心度和动平衡一个 关键环节，千万不能将它当成一般的 部件来看待。随着主轴转速的增加， 刀柄的选择对于加工的影响将显得越 来越重要。
.
1
Two Face Contact & HSK holders/两面接触HSK刀柄
•Centrifugal force from fast spindle speeds can
•The design at upper right mates tool holders that have
extra material on the flange with a spindle interface that has extra material at the spindle nose
•Common tool holders leave a gap between the flange and
spindle nose. Some tool holder systems close this gap to achieve two-face contact with a conventional taper
•同心度测量如右图，通
过调整刀夹的中心轴线 与主轴的中心轴线重合 来调整痛心度。
•好的同心度控制可以确
保所有切削刃在各个方 向上有均匀的加工量
.
5
Balance/动平衡
Balance measures the distribution of weight of the tool and tool holder together. A perfectly balanced tool / tool holder combination would not generate any centrifugal force as it spins. But in reality, some part of this combined weight will be unbalanced. The unbalance will produce a vibration at a frequency equal to the spindle RPM. If the unbalance amount is small, this vibration will also be small.
cause the tool holder to retract when the spindle and holder touch only along the taper.
•Two-face contact at the spindle interface can
solve this problem. HSK is a widely used tool holder design that features two-face contact
•普通的刀柄连接在主轴法兰面留有一个间隙。有一
些的刀柄采取封闭这段间隙的方法来达到两面接触的 目的；
•该种设计如图所示。这两种连接都需要有特殊的主
轴端面设计，在需不需要两面接触会有一定的选择自 由；
•如右上图所示。在刀柄与主轴紧密配合时会因为变
形在主轴Baidu Nhomakorabea兰连接面之间产生材料的挤压；
•如右下图所示。使用带弹性锥面接触的刀柄。其中
的垫片可以封闭主轴法兰的间隙。
.
3
Concentricity & Balance/同心度和动平衡
•Concentricity (Runout) determines that the
cutting edges take nearly the same bite all the way around the tool.
•Two such systems are shown. Both designs combine
special tool holders with a special or modified spindle interface. Both designs leave intact the freedom to use regular tool holders when two-face contact isn’t needed
•The design at lower right uses a tool holder with a spring-
like taper that stays in contact even if the spindle interface opens up. Shims attached to the spindle nose close the gap to the flange
closely the tool holder aligns the tool to the centerline of the spindle.
•A concentric grip helps ensure
that all cutting edges see the same depth of cut.
•Balance determines that weight is evenly
distributed, so centrifugal force does not create enough vibration to impair the process.
•Both are important for HSM
•同心度可以决定刀具在旋转一周的情
况下各切刃部分的切削量是否均匀；
•动平衡取决于旋转体上质量的分布是
否均匀对称。各个方向离心力均衡， 不至于产生震动减弱刀具加工能力；
•以上两者对于高速加工都是很重要的
因素。
.
4
Concentricity/同心度
•Concentricity measures how
当主轴在高速旋转的情况下，因为主轴 本身锥孔的膨胀，而主轴和刀柄的连接 又仅仅是通过锥度面连接，此时刀柄受 到拉力的影响会有一个回缩。
•两面接触的连接方式有助于解决该问
题。HSK即是被广泛使用的一种两面 接触的刀夹系统。
.
2
Two Face Contact Holders/两面接触刀柄
Tool Holders/刀夹系统
In the system of spindle + tool holder + cutting tool, the tool holder is the link that has the most effect on overall concentricity and balance. Don’t think of it as commodity hardware. As spindle speed increases, the choice of tool holder has more impact on process effectiveness
在主轴+刀柄+刀具这样的一个系统 中，刀柄是影响同心度和动平衡一个 关键环节，千万不能将它当成一般的 部件来看待。随着主轴转速的增加， 刀柄的选择对于加工的影响将显得越 来越重要。
.
1
Two Face Contact & HSK holders/两面接触HSK刀柄
•Centrifugal force from fast spindle speeds can
•The design at upper right mates tool holders that have
extra material on the flange with a spindle interface that has extra material at the spindle nose
•Common tool holders leave a gap between the flange and
spindle nose. Some tool holder systems close this gap to achieve two-face contact with a conventional taper
•同心度测量如右图，通
过调整刀夹的中心轴线 与主轴的中心轴线重合 来调整痛心度。
•好的同心度控制可以确
保所有切削刃在各个方 向上有均匀的加工量
.
5
Balance/动平衡
Balance measures the distribution of weight of the tool and tool holder together. A perfectly balanced tool / tool holder combination would not generate any centrifugal force as it spins. But in reality, some part of this combined weight will be unbalanced. The unbalance will produce a vibration at a frequency equal to the spindle RPM. If the unbalance amount is small, this vibration will also be small.
cause the tool holder to retract when the spindle and holder touch only along the taper.
•Two-face contact at the spindle interface can
solve this problem. HSK is a widely used tool holder design that features two-face contact
•普通的刀柄连接在主轴法兰面留有一个间隙。有一
些的刀柄采取封闭这段间隙的方法来达到两面接触的 目的；
•该种设计如图所示。这两种连接都需要有特殊的主
轴端面设计，在需不需要两面接触会有一定的选择自 由；
•如右上图所示。在刀柄与主轴紧密配合时会因为变
形在主轴Baidu Nhomakorabea兰连接面之间产生材料的挤压；
•如右下图所示。使用带弹性锥面接触的刀柄。其中
的垫片可以封闭主轴法兰的间隙。
.
3
Concentricity & Balance/同心度和动平衡
•Concentricity (Runout) determines that the
cutting edges take nearly the same bite all the way around the tool.
•Two such systems are shown. Both designs combine
special tool holders with a special or modified spindle interface. Both designs leave intact the freedom to use regular tool holders when two-face contact isn’t needed
•The design at lower right uses a tool holder with a spring-
like taper that stays in contact even if the spindle interface opens up. Shims attached to the spindle nose close the gap to the flange
closely the tool holder aligns the tool to the centerline of the spindle.
•A concentric grip helps ensure
that all cutting edges see the same depth of cut.
•Balance determines that weight is evenly
distributed, so centrifugal force does not create enough vibration to impair the process.
•Both are important for HSM
•同心度可以决定刀具在旋转一周的情
况下各切刃部分的切削量是否均匀；
•动平衡取决于旋转体上质量的分布是
否均匀对称。各个方向离心力均衡， 不至于产生震动减弱刀具加工能力；
•以上两者对于高速加工都是很重要的
因素。
.
4
Concentricity/同心度
•Concentricity measures how