英语单词的前缀与后缀
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英语前缀后缀表后缀
1, -ability表名词 , “能,性质”possibility
2, -able表形容词 , “可…的” believable
3, -aceous, -acious表形容词, “有…特征的” delicious
4, -acity表名词 , “有…倾向”capacity
5, -acy表名词 , “性质 , 状态”privacy
6, -age表名词 , “状态 , 总称”, “场所” , “费用” percentage, village, cottage, postage
7, -ain表名词“人” captain
8, -aire表名词“人” millionaire
9, -al表形容词“…的” personal, continental, rural
10, -ality表名词“状态 , 性质”personality, nationality
11, -ally表副词“…地” dramatically
12, -an表名词和形容词“人”American, Roman
13, -ance, ence表名词 , “性质, 状况” difference
14, -ancy表名词“性质 , 状况”vacancy, redundancy
15, -ant, -ent表形容词“…的” distant, different
16, -ar表形容词“…的” familiar 表名词, “人” liar, beggar
17, -ard表名词 , “不好的人”bastard, coward, laggard
18, -arian表名词 , “…的人” vegetarian,
19, -ary表形容词 , “…的” imaginary, elementary
20, -ate表动词 , “做 , 造成” graduate, frustrate
21, -atic表形容词 , “有…性质”diplomatic
22, -ation表名词“行为 , 过程 , 结果” election, production
23, -ative表形容词“有…倾向”active
24, -ator表名词 , “做事的人或物”dictator, generator
25, -atory表形容词 , “有…性质”explanatory
26, -cy表名词“性质 , 状态”privacy
27, -dom表名词“状态” freedom
28, -ee表名词“被动的或主动的人”employee, examinee
29, -eer表名词“人员” engineer
30, -el表名词“人或物” novel, channel
31, -en表动词“变成” shorten, darken
32, -ency表名词“状态 , 性质”efficiency
33, -ent表形容词 , “…的” excellent 表名词“人” student, resident
34, -eous表形容词 , “有…的”courteous,
35, -er表名词“人” singer, leader, writer表动词“反复做” mutter, chatter, waver 36, -ern表形容词 , “…方向的”eastern, western, southern
37, -ery表名词“场所” , “行为”nursery, rosery, robbery, bravery
38, -esque表形容词“如…的”picturesque
39, -ess表名词“女性” poetess, goddess, actress
40, -et, -let表名词 , “小东西”circlet, booklet
41, -etic表形容词 , “属于…的”theoretic, energetic
42, -ette表名词 , “小的东西或状态”kitchenette
43, -ety表名词“状态” anxiety
44, -eur表名词“…人” amateur, entrepreneur
45, -faction表名词“达到的状态”satisfaction
46, -fold表形容词或副词“双重” threefold
47, -form表形容词 , “有…状态的”uniform
48, -ful表形容词 , “有…的” beautiful, wonderful 表名词“满 , 量” handful, spoonful
49, -hood表名词 , “时期 , 性质” childhood, boyhood
50, -ial表形容词“有…的” judicial, beneficial
51, -ian表名词“某种人” historian, librarian
52, -ibility表名词“具备…性质的”sensibility, possibility
53, -ible表形容词“能…的”possible, credible
54, -ic表形容词 , “…的” scientific, fantastic
55, -ics表名词 , “学科 , 学术”physics, mathematics
56, -id表形容词 , “如…的” valid, humid
57, -ific表形容词 , “产生…的”scientific, terrific
58, -ify表动词 , “…化” purify, clarify
59, -ile表示形容词“…的” juvenile, fertile表示名词“物体” missile
60, -ine表形容词 , “…的” , 表名词“状态 , 药物” elephantine, discipline, routine
61, -ing表名词 , “状态” feeling, learning 表形容词“正…的”
62, -ion, -tion, -sion表名词“动作或状态” production, union, decision
63, -ior,“较…的” superior, junior
64, -ious“…的” curious, spacious
65, -ise , -ize表动词“…化”memorize, advertise
66, -ish表形容词“像…一样”foolish, selfish 表动词“造成”
67, -ism表名词“…主义 , 宗教” socialism, capitalism 表示”学术或学术流派”modernism
68, -ist表名词“表示信仰者, 专家或从事人” communist
69, -istic表形容词 , 由 ist+ic 构成 , 表示“…的” artistic
70, -ite表形容词 , “有…的” polite,
71, ition表名词 , “行为过程 , 状态” definition,
72, -itude表名词 , “性质 , 状态” attitude,
73, -ity表名词 , 指具备某种性质probability
74, -ive表形容词 , 根据不同的单词结尾可分-sive, ative, ive, itivepassive, active,表名词, “人或物” detective, locomotive
75, -ization表名词, 来自-ize+ation “…化或发展过程”modernization, organization
76, -less表形容词 , “无…的”helpless, careless
77, -like表形容词 , “像…一样”dreamlike, childlike
78, -ling表名词 , “小东西或某种人”duckling, gosling, darling
79, -ly表形容词 , 通常加在名词后timely, lively, friendly表副词, 通常放在形容词后 greatly, briefly, mainly
80, -ment表名词 , “行为或结果”movement, agreement
81, -most表形容词 , “最…的”headmost, outmost
82, -ness表名词 , “性质 , 状态”kindness, business
83, -ory表形容词“…的” introductory, 表名词, 指场所 factory, dormitory
84, -ous表形容词 , “…的” dangerous, lustrous
85, -proof表形容词 , “防…的”waterproof, rainproof
86, -ress表名词“指女性” actress, waitress,
87, -ship表名词 , “表示某种关系或状态”friendship, hardship
88, -some表形容词 , “充满…的, 具有…倾向的” handsome,
89, -th表名词 , 通常指抽象名词warmth, growth, strength
90, -ture表名词 , “一般状态, 行为” miniature, conjecture, denture, mixture 91, -ward表形容词 , 副词 , “向…” downward, upward, northward
92, -wise表副词 , “方向 , 状态”clockwise, likewise
93, -y表形容词 , rainy, windy前缀1, a-1)加在单词或词根前面,表示“不,无,非”。
acentric; amoral; 2)加在单词前,表示“在,的”asleep; aside 2, ab-, abs-加在词根前,表示“相反,变坏,离去”abnormal,; abuse 3, ab-, ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-加在同辅音字母的词根前,表示“一再”等加强意。
accompany, accomplish, affirm, attract4, ad-加在单词或词根前,表示“做,加强”。
adapt, adopt, adjoin, adjust, adventure5, amphi-“两个,两种”。
amphibian 6, an-在词根前,表示“不,无”。
anonymous, anarchism7, ana-表示“错误,在旁边,分开”analogy, analysis 8, ante-表示“前面,先” antedate, anterior, antecedent9, anti-表示“反对,相反”antiwar, antitank, antibody 10, apo-表示“离开,远离” apogee 11, auto-“自动,自己” automobile, automatic, autograph12, be-1)构成动词,表示“使成为”befall, befriend, behold 2)构成介词 beside, behind, below, before, beneath13, bene-“善,好” benefaction, benediction, beneficent14, bi-表示“两个” biweekly, bilingual, biennial,15, by-“在旁边,副的” byroad, byway, bywork 16, circum-“环绕,周围” 17, co-表示“共同”,通常方在元音词根前。
Coeducation, cohabit, coexist, coincide18, col-, cor-在同辅音词根前,表示“共同”。
collapse, colleague, collect 19, com-, con-“共同” combine, compassion, commotion,20,contra-表示“反对,相反”contrary, contradict, contravene,21,counter-表示“反对,相反”counteract, counterbalance,22,de-表示“去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下”等destruction, demobilize. desalt表示“使…成为,加强”等depict 23.di-表示“两个,双”dichromatic, dioxide 表示“使…变成,分开,离开”digest 24,dia-表示“穿过,二者之间”dialogue, diameter 25,dif-和辅音重复表示“不,否定,分开”differ, difference, diffident26,dis-表示“不,消失掉”dislike, disorder, dishonest表示“分开,分离”dispart, disseminate, dispense27, dys- 表示“坏,不良” dyspepsia, dyslexia, dysfunction28,e-,ef-表示“出,出来” evaluate, elongate, elaborate29,em-,en-表示“进入…之中,包围”embrace, embed, empathy 表示“使…进入状态”empower, embitter, embody30,epi-表示“在…上,在…周围,在…后面”epidermal, epidemic, epigram31,eu-表示“好,优秀” eulogize, euphemism, euphonious32,ex-表示“出,出去”export, exclude, expel表示“前面的,前任的”ex-wife, ex-president, 33,exo-表示“外部的,外面”exogamy, exotic34,extra-表示“以外的,超过的”extracurriculum, extraordinary,35,fore-表示“前面,预先” foresee, forehead, forestall 36,hetero-表示“异类,异种”heterosexual, heterodoxy,37,homo-表示“同类的” homogeneous, homonym 38,hyper-表示“超过,太多”hyperactive, hypersensitive,39,hypo-表示“下
面,次等”hypodermic, hypocrisy, hypocrite40,il-, ir-放在同辅音词根前表示“不,无”illegal, illiterate, illogical,表示“使…成为,进入”illustrate, illuminate, illusion,41,im-,in-表示“不,无,非”impossible, immoral, impolite,表示“向内,进入”import, imprison, immigrate42,inter-表示“在…之间,相互”international, interpersonal,43,intro-表示“向内,入内”introduce, introspect, introvert44,macro-表示“宏伟,大” macroworld, macrostructure,45,mal-表示“坏,恶”(亦作male ) malcontent, malpractice ,malnutrition46,micro-表示“微,小”microscope, microworld, microskirt47,mini-表示“小”minibus, miniskirt, miniwar,48,mis-表示“错误,坏” mistake, misspell, misunderstand,49,mono-表示“单个,一个”monarch, monogamy, monologue50,multi-表示“多,很多” multilingual, multidirectional, multiple51,neo-表示“新的” neonatal 52,non-表示“不,非”nonexistent, nonsmoking, nonstop53,omni-表示“全部,到处”omnipresent, omnipotent, omniscient54,out-表示“超过,过度”outdo, outlive, outnumber表示“出去,过时”outside, outgoing, outlandish55,over-表示“过度,过分”overstudy, overwork, overact表示“在…之上”overlap, override, overwhelm表示“翻转”overturn, overthrow, overhaul56,paleo-表示“古,旧” paleozoology 57,pan-表示“广泛的”pan-American, panacea 58,para-表示“半,类似,辅助”paramilitary, parapolitical 表
示“在旁边”paradigm, paradox, paragon表示“降落伞”parachute, paratroops, paradrop59, pen-“近似,差不多” peninsula 60, per-“贯穿,自始至终” perspective 61, poly-“多” polygon 62, post-1)“在后面” postwar, postpone2)“邮件” postoffice 63, pre-“前的,预先” preschool, prefix 64, pro-“向前” prolong 65, proto-“原始” prototype 66, pseudo-“假” pseudonym 67, re-“向后,重新” reappear, rewrite, review 68, se-“分开,离开” sever, seduce69, sub-“下,次” submerge 70, sur-“超过,在上面” surface, surpass 71, super-“超过” supermarket, 72, trans-“横过” transmit, transform73, un-“不,非” unreal 74, under-“在…下” underground, undersea 75, intra-“在内,内部” intranational 76, kilo-“一千” kilogram 77, milli-“千” millimeter 78, tri-“三” triangle 79, uni-“一个” uniform 80, vice-“副”vice-president。