2019年12月六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(四)
2019年12月六级阅读答案
2019年12月六级阅读答案长篇阅读部分主要考察考生对于题干中关键词的理解以及关键词在文章中的同义替换的掌握，考生在做题时需注意不要只借助一个定位词去确定位置，下面给大家带来一些关于2019年12月六级阅读答案，希望对大家有所帮助。
PassageOne:第一篇难度较大，定位较容易，但找到定位句后，需要准确理解句意才能找出正确答案，切忌以点盖面46.B：根据题干the best school定位到第一段第二句The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside-at once sheltering them and broadening their horizons.Protect students from social pressures 同义替换alleviate the external pressures on their pupils;equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside同义替换 enable them to face the world.47.B：They widen the gap between priviledged and disadvantaged students根据school field trips定位到第二段The discrepancy is startlingly apparent. 差异显而易见，这质的差异根据文章即学生之间的贫富差异，其中the gap between privileged and disadvantaged students同义替换discrepancy;widen同义替换startlingly apparent因此B为正确选项48.D) Activities involving all students on campus.根据题干build community spirit定位至第三段倒数第二句和最后一句some schools have shown remarkable determination and ingenuity in ensuring that all their pupils are able to take up opportunities that may be truly life-changing. They should beapplauded. Methods such as whole-school fundraising, with the proceeds(收益) pooled, can help to extend opportunities and fuel community spirit.文中谈及学校努力确保所有学生都参与进来，且全校筹款等方法将收益汇总起来，可以帮助扩大机会并激发社区精神。
2019年12月英语六级仔细阅读练习题（4）
2019年12月英语六级仔细阅读练习题（4）2019年12月英语六级仔细阅读练习题（4）Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements． For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)． You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage．"Does my smile look big in this?" Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look--and hence feel--happier, encouraging you to like what you see．That's the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan．The system can manipulate your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face．The principle that physiological (生理的) changes candrive emotional ones－that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around--is a well-established idea．The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be usedto build a computer system that manipulates how youfeel．The system works by presenting the user with a webcam (网络摄像头) image of his or her face--as if they were looking in a mirror． The image is then subtly altered withsoftware, turning the comers of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown．Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task． When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt．When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier．Conversely, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy．Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers' emotional state would influence their preferences． Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image． The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely．The system could be used to manipulate consumers' impressions of products, say the researchers．For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections． They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on．"It's certainly an interesting area," says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK．But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions．"Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring, that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging," he says．Of course, there are also important ethical questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology．"You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing?" says Creed．"But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out．"56．What's the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?A．To see whether one's feeling can be unconsciously affected．B． To see whether one's facial expressions can be altered．C． To see whether laughter comes before happiness．D．To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms．57．What can we learn about the webcam image in the study?A． It recorded the volunteers' performance in the task．B． It gave the volunteers an illusion．C． It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier．D． It altered the volunteers' looks in the mirror．58．What would probably happen if the researchers' suggestions were to be taken?A． People would totally change their personal preferences．B． People would feel cheated and angry．C． People would buy some clothes they don't like．D． People would try on more clothes they like．59．What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?A． It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes．B． It only works in clothing stores．C． It only makes subtle changes to people's expressions．D． It only deals with a．limited number of facial expressions．60． What does Creed's comment on the ethical issues with this technology imply?A． Nothing is more important than happiness．B． People should make their decisions independently．C． Technology is unable to manipulate people．D． People should not base their happiness on technology．。
2019年12月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题（4）
2019年12月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题（4）2019年12月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题（4） Passage One Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.They're still kids, and although there's a lot that the experts don't yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it's all because of technology.To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their digital gear sets this new group apart, even from their tech-savvy (懂技术的) Millennial elders. They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older siblings don't quite get. These differences may appear slight, but they signal an all-encompassing sensibility that some say marks the dawning of a new generation.The contrast between Millennials and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen of California State University that he has declared the birth of a new generation in a new book, Rewired： Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn, out next month. Rosen says the tech-dominated life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennials he wrote about in his 2007 book, Me, MySpace and I： Parenting the Net Generation, that they warrant the distinction of a new generation, which he has dubbed the "ingeneration"."The technology is the easiest way to see it, but it's also a mind-set, and the mind-set goes with the little ‘i',which I'm talking to stand for 'individualized'," Rosen says. "Everything is defined and individualized to ‘me'. My music choices are defined to ' me'. What I watch on TV any instant isdefi ned to ‘me'. " He says the iGeneration includestoday's teens and middle-school ers, but it's too soon totell about elementary-school ages and younger.Rosen says the iGeneration believes anything is possible. "If they can think of it, somebody probably has or will invent it," he says. "They expect innovation."They have high expectations that whatever they want or can use "will be able to be tailored to their own needs and wishes and desires."Rosen says portability is key. They are inseparable fromtheir wireless devices, which allow them to text as well as talk, so they can be constantly connected-even in class, where cell phones are supposedly banned.Many researchers are trying t6 determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently. "They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they do," Rosen says. "But findings show teens survive distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain development. "Because these kids are more immersed and at younger ages, Rosen says, the educational system has to change significantly."The growth curve on the use of technology with children is exponential(指数的), and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think," Rosen says."We have to give them options because they want their world individualized. "56. Compared with their Millennial elders, the iGeneration kidsA．communicate with others by high-tech methodscontinuallyB．prefer to live a virtual life than a real oneC．are equipped with more modem digital techniquesD．know more on technology than their elders57. Why did Larry Rosen name the new generation as iGeneration?A．Because this generation is featured by the use of personal high-tech devices.B．Because this generation stresses on an individualizedstyle of life.C．Because it is the author himself who has discovered the new generation.D．Because it's a mind-set generation instead of an age-set one.58. Which of the following is true about the iGeneration according to Rosen?A．This generation is crazy about inventing and creating new things.B．Everything must be adapted to the peculiar need of the generation.C．This generation catches up with the development of technology.D．High-tech such as wireless devices goes with the generation.59. Rosen's findings suggest that technologyA．has an obvious effect on the function of iGeneration's brain developmentB．has greatly affected the iGeneration's behaviors and academic performanceC．has no significantly negative effect on iGeneration'smental and intellectual developmentD．has caused distraction problems on iGeneration which affect their daily performance60. According to the passage, education has to __A．adapt its system to the need of the new generationB．use more technologies to cater for the iGenerationC．risk its system to certain extent for the iGenerationD．be conducted online for iGeneration's individualized need。
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（1）
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（1）2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（1）It's Time to Pay Attention to SleepA．After being diagnosed with brain and lung cancer in 2011, Lynn Mitchell, 68, was averaging about an hour of solid sleep a night． Stressed about her treatments, she was paying for it in hours of lost sleep．B．The brain cancer was already affecting her mobility--Mitchell was often dizzy and would lose her balance--but the lack of sleep made things worse． Even walking became increasingly difficult．Exhausted in the mornings, she was practically incoherent (精神恍惚)． When her doctors recommend she see a sleep therapist, Mitchell was relieved at how benign it sounded in comparison to the chemotherapy (化学疗法)she had undergone and the gene therapy trial she was undergoing, which had side effects like nausea and fatigue．C．For about nine weeks, Mitchell worked with the sleep therapist to adjust her sleep habits． She went to bed only when she was extremely fired．She quit watching TV in bed．She stopped drinking caffeinated (含咖啡因的) coffee in the evening． She also learned breathing exercises to relax and help her fall asleep． It was all quite simple and common sense, and most importantly, noninvasive and didn't require taking any pills．D． "It's common knowledge that sleep is needed for day to day function," says Dr．David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Program at NYU School of Medicine． "What isn't common knowledge is that it really matters--it's not just cosmetic．" Rapoport has long seen people seek sleep therapybecause they're chronically fired or suffering from insomnia, but an increasing number of patients are being referred to his center for common diseases, disorders, and mental health．E．Researchers have known for some time that sleep is critical for weight maintenance and hormone balance． And too little sleep is linked to everything from diabetes (糖尿病) to heart disease to depression．Recently, mounting evidence indicates that sleep plays a role in nearly every aspect of health． Beyond chronic illnesses, a child's behavioral problems at school could be rooted in mild sleep apnea (呼吸暂停)． And studies have shown children with ADHD (注意力缺陷多动症) are more likely to get insufficient sleep． A recent study published in the journal SLEEP found a link between older men with poor sleep quality and cognitivedecline．Another study shows sleep is essential in early childhood for development, learning, and the formation and retention of memories．F．But to many of us, sleep is easily sacrificed, especially since lack of it isn't seen as life threatening．Over time, sleep deprivation can have serious consequences, but we mostly sacrifice a night of sleep here and there, and always say that we'll "catch up．" Luckily, it is possible to make up for sleep debt (though it can take a very long time), but most Americans are still chronically sleep deprived．G． While diet and exercise have been a part of public health messaging for decades, doctors and health advocates are now beginning to argue that getting quality sleep may be just as important for overall health． "Sleep is probably easier to change than diet or exercise," says Dr． Michael Grandner , a sleep researcher at the University of Pennsylvania． "It may alsogive you more of an immediate reward if it helps you get through your day．" Sleep experts claim that it is one of the top three, and sometimes the most, important lifestyle adjustments one can make, in addition to diet and exercise．And while there's more evidence linking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probably more important in terms of brain and hormonal function． "Among a small group of sleep researchers, it's always been said that eating, exercise, and sleep are the three pillars of health," says Dr． Rapoport．H． In our increasingly professional and digital lives, carving out time for sleep is not only increasingly difficult, but also more necessary．Using technology before bed stimulates us and interferes with our sleep, yet 95% of Americans use some type of electronics like a computer, TV,or cell phone at least a few nights a week within the hour before we go to bed, according to a 2011 National Sleep Foundation survey． "Many doctors, lawyers, and executives stay up late and get up early and bum the candle at both ends," says Dr． Richard Lang, chair of Preventative Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic． "Making sure they pay attention to sleep in the same way they pay attention to diet and exercise is crucial．"I．To some, sleep has become a powerful cure to mental health． Arianna Huffington, president and editor-in-chief of the Huffington Post Media Group, advocates that sleep is the secret to success, happiness, and peak performance． After passing out a few years ago from exhaustion and cracking a cheekbone against her desk, Huffington has become something of a sleep evangelist (传道者)．In a 2010 TED Women conference, Huffington said, "The way to a more productive,more inspired, more joyful life is getting enough sleep．" Research linking high-quality sleep with better mental health is growing; a 2013 study found that treating depressed patients for insomnia can double their likelihood of overcoming the disorder．J． While 70% of physicians agree that inadequate sleepis a major health problem, only 43% counsel their patients on the benefits of adequate sleep． But there's growing pressure on primary care physicians to address, and even prescribe, sleep during routine check-ups． In a recent study published in the journal The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, the researchers concluded that health professionals should prescribe sleep to prevent and treat metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes．K． On the other hand, overlooking sleep as a majorhealth issue can also have deadly consequences．It was recently reported that the operator of the Metro-North train that derailed in New York last year, killing four people and injuring more than 70, had an undiagnosed case of sleep apnea．L．Sleep therapies can range from simply learning new lifestyle behaviors to promote sleep, to figuring out how to position oneself in bed．More drastic measures involve surgery to open up an airway passage for people suffering from disorders like sleep apnea． Sleeping pills can be prescribed too, to get much needed rest, but sleep therapists tend to favor other approaches because of possible dependencies developing．M． A large part of reaping the benefits of sleep is known when you're not getting the right amount．According to a 2013 Gallup survey, 40% of Americans get less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night． While the typical person still logsabout 6．8 hours of sleep per night, that's a drop from the 7．9 Americans were getting in the 1940s．N．When it comes to adequate sleep, it's much more personalized than previously thought． Some people feel great on five hours of rest, while others need ten． The best way to determine if you're getting the right amount, doctors say, is to find out how many hours of sleep you need to be able to wake up without an alarm and feel rested, refreshed, and energetic throughout the day．O．Since reforming her sleep habits, Mitchell has been clocking up to seven hours of shuteye a night for the past two months． "I'm alert in the morning, my balance is better, and I feel more energetic," says Mitchell． Getting enough sleep has helped her better deal with her cancers, and its symptoms． The best news is that she recently found out that her brain tumor is shrinking, and there are fewer cancerous spots on her lungs．46． According to Rapoport, people fail to fully realize the importance of sleep．47．The amount of time for an adequate sleep actually varies from person to person, and thus relies on personal judgment．48． The positive role of sleep therapy in treating depression indicates that sleep also contributes to mental health．49． Compared to the sleep therapy, the other therapies that Mitchell has to go through have some negative side effects．50． Now work and electronic products may play a role in depriving Americans of time for sleep．51． Mitchell has benefited much from sleep therapy in the fight against her brain and lung cancers．52． Among the various methods in sleep therapy, sleepingpills are usually the last choice by health professionals．53． It is recommended that physicians should adopt sleep as a way to prevent or treat some illnesses．54．It is now argued that high-quality sleep is no less important than diet and exercise in affecting health．55．Recent studies show that sleep is related to the behavioral problems of the kids and the cognitive abilities of the old．。
2019年12月大学英语六级考试阅读模拟题及答案4
2019年12月大学英语六级考试阅读模拟题及答案4Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant immigrants came to this country,they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the Protestant work ethic, still influences America today. Work is not only important for economic benefits, the salary, but also for social and psychological needs, the feeling of doing something for the good of the society. Americans spend most of their lives working, being productive. For most Americans, their work defines them; they are what they do. What happens, then when a person can no longer work?Most Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire. Because work is such an important part of life in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retireesoften feel that they are useless and unproductive. Of course, some people are happy to retire; but leaving one’s job, whatever it is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. Many retirees do not know how to usetheir time or they feel lost without jobs.Retirement can also bring financial problems. Many people rely on Social Security checks every month. During their working years, employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as income. These checks do not provide enough money to live on, however, because prices areincreasing very rapidly. Senior citizens, those over sixty-five, have to have savings in the bank or other retirement plans to make ends meet. The rate of inflation is forcingprices higher each year; Social Security checks alone cannot cover Medicare (health care) and welfare (general assistance) but many senior citizens have to change their lifestylesafter retirement. They have to spend carefully to be surethat they can afford to but food, fuel, and other necessities.Of course, many senior citizens are happy with retirement. They have time to spend with their families or to enjoy their hobbies. Some continue to work part time; others do volunteer work. Some, like those in the Retired Business Executives Association, even help young people to get started in new business. Many retired citizens also belong to “Golden Age” groups. These organizations plan trips and social events. There are many opportunities for retirees.Americans society is only beginning to be concerned about the special physical and emotional needs of its senior citizens. The government is taking steps to ease the problemof limited income. They are building new housing, offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses, and providing other services, such as free courses, food service, and help with housework. Retired citizens are a rapidly growing percentage of the population. This part of the population is very important and we must respond to their needs. After all, every citizen will be a senior citizen some day.1.The early immigrants considered work ___.A.too hardB.importantC.pleasantD.dull2.Why do Americans like working? Because working ___.A.doesn’t only mean money but it is also psychologicalB.can make life more comfortableC.can prove people to be independentD.gives people funny3.We can safely put forward that retirees who ___.A.have no financial problems still want to earn more moneyB.have financial problems still feel lostC.have no financial problems still feel lostD.have no financial problems feels it’s hard to make ends meet4.According to the passage the government ___.A.hadn’t paid attention to the retirees’ problemsB.has already solved a lot of retirees’ problemsC.has just begun to pay attention to the retirees’ problemsD.won’t pay attention to the retirees’ problems5.Which of the following is not steps taken for the benefit of senior citizens by the government?A.New housing has been built.B.The old are offered discounts in stores.C.Senior citizens are provided free courses, food service.D.None.答案：BACCD。
2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(4)
2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(4)Here’s the Totally Amazing Wonder Material That Could Revolutionize TechnologyA.In the technology industry,every new product or service seems to come with the promise that it is an innovation with the potential to change theworld．Graphene(石墨烯)，a form of carbon，might actually do just that．B.“Graphene is a wonderful material，”Jeanie Lau，a professor of physics at the University of California at Riverside，told Fortune．“It conducts heat 10 times better than copper and electricity 100 times better than silicon，is transparent like plastic，extremely lightweight,extremely strong,yet flexible and elastic．In the past decade，it has taken the scientific and technology communities by storm，and has become the most promising electronic material to supplement or replace silicon．”C.Graphene has already found its way into a number of compelling applications，Lau said．For instance，“since itis both transparent and electrically conductive—two attributes rarely found in the same material in nature—it has tremendous potential as the transparent electrode in monitors．displays；solar cells，and touch screens，”she explained．“Companies such as Samsung that invest heavily in this area have already secured patents，produced prototypes，and are expected to bring products to market in a few years．”Wearable electronic devices，aviation components，broadband photodetectors(光电检测器)，radiation-resistantcoatings，sensors，and energy storage are among numerous other areas of active research．Lau said．D.For many researchers and investors，the ultimate application is graphene-based transistors，the building blocks of modem electronics．But getting there may take some time．A child of graphiteE.First produced in a lab back in 2004，graphene is essentially a single layer of pure carbon atoms bonded together in a honeycomb lattice so thin it’s actually considered two-dimensional．“We generally regard anything less than 10 layers of graphene as graphene；otherwise，it’s graphite，”said Aravind Vijayaraghavan，a lecturer in nanomaterials at the University of Manchester．F.Even“graphene”is a bit of an umbrella term．“To oversimplify,there are two major types of graphene，”Michael Patterson，CEO of Graphene Frontiers，said．The first：“Nanoplatelets，”which are powders or flakes made from graphite．These have been around for a while and are“not really super-sexy,”Patterson said．“You mix them into polymers(聚合物)or inks or rubbers to make them conductive．”In flake form，graphene is already on its way to becoming a commodity,Patterson added．The other type—in sheet or film form—is where graphene’s biggest promise lies．Graphene sheets have“incredibl e potential for electronics，”Patterson said．In the near term，that potential may manifest in situations where the quantity requirements are“not that great”and where quality or conductivity doesn’t have to be as high，such as in basictouch-screen applications，he said．Products that use graphene in this way could arrive to market in the next six to 1 2 months．G.Looking a little further out，graphene can be employed in membranes used for water desalination．Lockheed-Martin already has a patented product known as Perforene．“It’s real and it works，but it won’t be economically viable until the product reaches an industrial scale where the cost is measured in pennies per square inch”rather than dollars or tens of dollars per square inch，Patterson explained．“That’s where we’re working today．”‘It’s expensive and low-capacity’H. But use of graphene in semiconductors—the technology’s Holy Grail—is likely a decade away．“Many of the challenges presented by graphene are common to most new materials，”Paul Smith,a patent associate with the Intellectual Property Law Group at Fenwick & West，told Fortune．“The trick is figuring out how to synthesize graphene in a way that first is manufacturable beyond lab scale；second，preserves the desirable properties of the material；and third，can be integrated into a product or technology．”I.Synthesizing graphene in sheet form is considerably more expensive and time-consuming than producing graphene flakes．Whereas the latter typically involves a“quick and dirty”process by which bul k graphite is disassembled into millions of tiny pieces，Lau explained，large sheets of。
2019年12月六级答案公布(三套完整版)
温馨提示：2019年12月英语六级考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对（大家核对答案时，找准具体选项内容，忽略套数）。
作文写作（共三套，忽略套数，只核对内容）第一套：The Importance of Having a Sense of Social ResponsibilityAs we all know, responsibility is one of the most basic qualities. If we give up the responsibility, we are equal to give up the whole world. As far as I am concerned, we should have a high sense of responsibility to become an upright person.How can we cultivate social responsibility? To start with, children should be taught about good moral outlooks, so that when they grow up, they will become law-abiding and responsible citizens. Furthermore, the humanistic education is vital, especially for us university students because we are the future pillars of our country. Last but not least, it is necessary to encourage people to care for others, help others through all kinds of propaganda, because each individual is closely related to and bears obligations to others.If all the citizens have a sound sense of social responsibility, it is hopeful that the world will enjoy a better future. Therefore, let's take our social responsibility and contribute to our society.第二套：The Importance of Having a Sense of Family ResponsibilityHome is a warm harbor for every family member. It brings us warmth, and gives us strength over the long course of our lives. While enjoying the benefits of the family, everyone should have a sense of family responsibility and contribute to the happiness of the family life.To begin with, as a member of the family, everyone is obliged to take on family responsibilities. Secondly, by taking family responsibilities, the relationship between family members can be strengthened, thus a harmonious family can be created, which can make each family member feel a sense of belonging. A good growing environment will influence one’s psychological development and ultimately one’s personal development. More than that, each person with a good sense of family responsibility will develop a good sense of social responsibility, which will do good to our society.To sum up, it is of great importance for everyone to have a sense of family responsibility, not only in that it strengthens family bond, thus do good to one’s personal development, but that it is beneficial to the social development. So, my dear friends, please take an active part in your family responsibilities!第三套：The Importance of Having a Sense of Community ResponsibilityWe all live in community. Community responsibility is an individual's duty or obligation to the community, which includes cooperation, respect and participation. The concept goes beyond thinking and acting as individuals to common beliefs about shared interests. With the development of society and interpersonal communication, it has gradually become a basic requirement for everyone.In my opinion, the sense of community responsibility is equally important to the development of community and the growth of individuals. As a college student, the sense of community responsibility means that we should give priority to the interests of the our school and class. If everyone takes on our own responsibilities, we can not only make our school better, but also improve our moral standard. As a citizen, we should pay more attention to the collective interests and exercise our obligations as citizens, such as participating in community voting and promoting environmental protection, etc. If everyone contributes our part, everything around us will become better.All in all, all of us should assume our community responsibilities, take the collective interests first and think more about others. Only in this way, will social development be more smooth and the relationship between people become more harmonious.听力听力（共2套）第一套：Section A: 1-81.D) Features editor.2.C) Answering daily emails.3.B) It is fascinating.4.A) Her persistence.5.A) It is enjoyable.6.D) It is written, directed, edited and produced by Frankie himself.7.D) Download and watch it.8.B) It has been showing for over a decade.Section B: 9-159.C) They need to keep moving to avoid getting hurt.10.A) They do not have many years to live after retirement.11.A) It prevents us from worrying.12.B) It wanders for almost half of their waking time.13.A) To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.14.C) It contributes to their creativity15.D) Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.Section C: 16-2516.D) They are in worsening condition.17.C) They are without foundations.18.C) Timber was abundant in Scandinavia.19.D) Abilities of human babies.20.A) They can distinguish a happy tune from a sad one.21.B) Babies emotions.22.B) It may hinder individual career advancement.23.C) They may find it hard to get their contributions recognized.24.A) They can enlarge their professional circle.25. B) It may prevent making a timely decision.第二套：Section A: 1-81.A) It focuses exclusively on jazz.2.B) Its market has now shrunk.3.A) Its definition is varied and complicated.4.C) Listen to them yourself.5.D) She went to the bank.6.B) Her credit history was considered poor.7.C) Start her own business.8.C) Build up her own finances step by step.Section B: 9-159.C) It is small and unconventional.10.D) Their wish to set a new farming standard.11.D) It loosens soil while seeding.12.A) It has turned certain insects into a new food source.13.B) It was a pleasant surprise.14.C) They contain more protein than conventional meats.15.A) It is environmentally friendly.Section C: 16-2516.D) To see if they are inherent traits affecting learning.17.A) It was defective.18.A) Auditory aids are as important as visual aids.19.D) Not spending enough time on family life and leisure.20.A) People would be working only fifteen hours a week now.21.C) Deterioration of workers’mental health.22.C) It has become something of a joke among Germans.23.B) The city had just been reunified.24.D) Problems of different kinds kept popping up.25. C) Huge maintenance costs accumulate.阅读阅读（共3套）第一套：选词填空When considering risk factors associated with serious chronic diseases开头26-30 GJEAL31-35 BOCDN26. G) detrimental27. J) indulging28. E) deficits29. A) assessed30. L) rapidly31. B) assigned32. O) similar33. C) consequences34. D) conspicuously35. N) regularly信息匹配Increased Screen Time and Wellbeing Decline in Youth36-45GCHDB EJFIA仔细阅读Passage One—The dangerous thing about lying开头46-50 ADBBB46. A) It shows they have the ability to view complex situations from different angles.47. D) It involves lots of sophisticated mental activity.48. B) When they face too much peer pressure.49. B) When they are under watchful eyes.50. B) They will tell bigger lies.Passage Two—Here is how....开头51-55 CADBC51. C) A massive natural catastrophe52. A) To prepare people for a major earthquake and tsunami53. D) Enormous stress is released54. B) Reducing casualties in the event of a disaster55. C) Its occurrence is just a matter of time第二套：The persistent开头26-35 KCNMD IHJOL26. K) prematurely27. C) determine28. N) synonymous29. M) switching30. D) generated31. I) particles32. H) opting33. J) peak34. O) trend35. L) simply信息匹配How much protein do you really want?36-45 CEAFM GBHDL仔细阅读Passage One—Last year开头（态度的重要性）46-50 CAADB46. C) It determines how we respond to our immediate environment.47. A) Their idols’behaviors.48. A) They may not suggest how a person is going to behave.49. D) They lack willpower.50. B) Starting to act in a way that embodies one’s aspirations. Passage Two——Industrial fishing for krill开头51-55 CBADC51. C) It was carried out too close to the habitats of penguins and whales52. B) To establish conservation areas in the Antarctic region.53. A) Opting to operate away from the suggested conservation areas.54. D) Sustain fishing without damaging the Antarctic ecosystem.55. C) A provider of the needed expertise.第三套：选词填空The number of开头26-30 ELHAJ31-35 BIDFK26. E) circumstances27. L) lonely28. H) consciousness29. A) alleviate30. J) excluded31. B) apparently32. I) desires33. D) associated34. F) competitive35. K) feature信息匹配Why More Farmers Are Switching to Grass-Fed Meat and Dairy36-45 FCJDG AIEBK仔细阅读Passage One—Schools are not just开头46-50 BBDCC46. B) Protect students from social pressures and enable them to face the world.47. B) They widen the gap between privileged and disadvantaged students.48. D) Activities involving all students on campus.49. A) They want their children to participate even though they don’t see much benefit.50. C) Avoiding creating new gaps among students.Passage Two—Rising temperatures and overfishing开头51-55 ACDAD51. A) King penguins in the Antarctic will be on the verge of dying out.52. C) Industrial fishing and climate change in the Antarctic region in recent years.53. D) The majority of them may have to find new breeding grounds in the future.54. A) Many baby king penguins can’t have food in time.55. D) Only a few of its islands can serve as huge breeding grounds for king penguins.翻译翻译（共3套）第一套：The peony, with its rich colors and elegant images, symbolizes peace and prosperity and is known as the "king of flowers" in China. Peony is cultivated in many parts of China. For thousands of years, many poems and paintings have been created in praise of peonies. During the Tang Dynasty, peonies were widely planted in the imperial gardens and known as the national flower, so they were very popular. In the 10th century, the ancient city of Luoyang became a center for peony cultivation and remains so today. Now, tens of thousands of tourists from home and abroad flock to Luoyang for the annual peony festival to admire the unique beauty of the city's peonies and explore the history of the ancient capital of nine dynasties.第二套：Plum blossom, which originated in southern China, has been cultivated for more than 3,000 years, and tops the list of China’s Top 10 famous flowers. In the middle of winter, colorful plum blossoms facing the wind and snow proudly bloom. In traditional Chinese culture, plum blossom symbolizes strength, purity and elegance, inspiring people to overcome hardships and forge ahead. Since ancient times, many poets and painters have drawn inspiration from the plum blossom and created countless immortal works. The common people also love plum blossoms, which are often used as home decorations during the Spring Festival. The city of Nanjing hasdesignated the plum blossom as the city flower. Every year, the Plum Blossom Festival is held，when tens of thousands of people brave the bitter cold to walk in the snow and appreciate the plum blossoms on Plum Blossom Mountain.第三套：Lotus is one of the best-known flowers in China which people love deeply. Many lakes and ponds in China are suitable for lotus’growth. Lotus features bright colors, blossoming in the morning and closing in the evening with a long flowering period of two to three months, attracting tourists across the country to appreciate it. Lotus has a variety of functions, which can not only green waters and beautify courtyards but also purify water, reduce pollution and improve environment. Lotus symbolizes purity and elegance and represents people's noble morals as it does not fear the strong sunshine and keeps clean in the mud. Therefore, the flower has become an important creation theme for poets and painters throughout the Chinese history, and the place where the lotus blooms is also frequented by many photography lovers.。
2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案（5）
2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案（5）2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案(5)Passage 1The Louisiana PurchaseOn April 30, 1803, the area of the United States approximately doubled. Until that time, United States territory had extended from the Atlantic Ocean to the banks of the Mississippi and from the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River to the thirty-first parallel. The national land now was expanded westward to include practically all of the area between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains and between the Gulf of Mexico and the Canadian border. On that day, for fifteen million dollars, the United States purchased from France 875,000 square miles of territory. After Robert R. Livingston, an American who represented President Jefferson in France, signed his name to the treaty, he rose, shook hands with James Monroe and Marbois, the Frenchman representing Napoleon and remarked, "We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our lives. " As we glance backward upon this important event in history, we must agree that the signing of the treaty for the purchase of Louisiana was probably the most important event in Thomas Jefferson's administration. Without the acquisition of this territory, the United States would most probably have not developed into the powerful nation which it is today.What Causes Led to Purchase of the Louisiana Territory本文来源：考试大网Until 1763, Louisiana had been a possession of France,but in that year it was given to Spain to repay an old debt.Twenty years later in Paris, the treaty ending the American Revolution was signed between the United States and Great Britain. One of the terms of this treaty was that the western border of the United States was to stretch to the Mississippi River. Immediately settlers and pioneers crossed westwardover the Allegheny Mountains to clear the territory and establish farms. Since roads were scarce and difficult to travel, the products of these farmers had to be shipped onthe waterways leading to the Mississippi River and then down this great stream to New Orleans. At this port city, the produce was transferred to larger ocean-going vessels and transported to markets on the Eastern Seaboard or to Europe. However, Spain's ownership of both shores of the river for at least two hundred miles north of New Orleans permitted this foreign nation to control the trade moving on the Mississippi. As a monarchy (君主政体) ，the Spanish government distrusted the rising spirit of democracy in the United States,especially the much freer expression of democracy thatexisted among the western farmers. This distrust of democracy resulted in the desire of the Spanish to deny the use of the great river to any Americans. The reaction was instantaneous (瞬间的 ) and furious, western farmers raised their voices to protest and the United states sent John Jay to Madrid to discuss this matter. In 1795 this conflict was settled. Spain consented to allow citizens of the United States the right to use the lower Mississippi River and also the "right of deposit" at New Orleans, the right of deposit permitted American farmers, without a duty charge, to remove their products from smaller boats at New Orleans after havingnavigated down the Mississippi, and then to transfer theagricultural commodities to larger ocean-going vessels.For the succeeding five years this agreement was observed and little conflict existed. On October 1, 1800, however, Spain signed a treaty giving the ownership of the Louisiana territory back to France. The news of this treaty did not reach Jefferson until May of the following year. As soon ashe became aware of the change in ownership of the territory, Jefferson realized that this was part of a plan by which Napoleon hoped to establish France as a great power in theNew World. Although Napoleon still permitted Spain to remainin control of the port of New Orleans, the future threat tothe navigation rights of the western farmers still remained.At any moment, Napoleon might send troops to the "Gateway"and forbid Americans to use it for navigation. This wouldaffect almost forty per cent of the total export trade of the United States. By April 1802 Jefferson's concerns in this matter became even more intense. Napoleon had shipped armed forces to Santo Domingo to suppress the uprising. Once this had been accomplished, the troops were under orders to take possession of Louisiana with its key port city of New Orleans. On the eighteenth of that month the President wrote his now-famous letter to the American Minister to France, Robert R. Livingston.There is one place on the globe, one single spot, the possessor of which is our natural and habitual enemy. It is New Orleans through which the produce of three eighths of our territory must pass to market. . . it seals the union of two nations who in conjunction can maintain exclusive possession of the ocean. From that moment we must marry ourselves tothe British fleet and nation.Seven months later Jefferson learned that the Spanish officials at New Orleans had suspended(暂不实行) the right of deposit. Immediately westernfarmers protested. Many demanded immediate action. Others pressed for a declaration of war. The Federalists in the East who opposed Jefferson sided with those who wished to declare war, in order to split the ranks of his followers. In January 1803, Congress appropriated two million dollars "to defray (支付) expenses to help improve relations between the United States and foreign nations. " Jefferson asked James Monroe to sail for France to resolve the difficulty. Monroe was instructed to negotiate for the purchase of New Orleans and Florida. He was permitted to offer 50,000,000 francs for this concession of territory. If this offer were refused, then an alternative offer of 37,500,000 francs was to be made for New Orleans alone. A third alternative to be used in the negotiation was to insist upon the permanent right of deposit at New Orleans and navigation along the lower Mississippi. If all three offers were rejected by Napoleon, Monroe and Livingston were instructed to negotiate an alliance with the British Government "not to make any peace with France. "Why Napoleon Sold Louisiana来源：考试大的美女编辑们Events favored the United States. Napoleon had transported 35,000 troops to wipe out the rebellion in Santo Domingo, but yellow fever and the rebels did away with most of the French troops. With this disaster Napoleon's visions of expanding in the mainland at New Orleans vanished. He alsorecognized he inevitability of a conflict with Great Britain. How could he hope to keep Louisiana, thousands of miles awayacross the Atlantic, as long as Britain was "Empress of the Seas"? The revenue that the sale of Louisiana would bring to France was a temptation to Napoleon, whose treasury was almost depleted (消耗). Confronted with so many problems Napoleon quickly arrived at a decision.On April 11, 1803, even before the arrival of Monroe in Paris, Talleyrand proposed that the United States purchase all of the Louisiana territory.Livingston's first offer for this "bargain" was 20, 000, 000 francs, but Talleyrand countered with a demand for 125,000,000. In a brief negotiation both finally compromised on 80,000,000 francs, equivalent to $ 15,000,000 inAmerican money. On April 30, 1803, Louisiana became the possession of the United States. Three-fourths of the sum went to France, the balance was reserved to pay the claims of American citizens against France.1. The passage gives a general description of the reasons for and the effect of the Louisiana purchase.2. The purchase of Louisiana helped the U. S. to growinto the powerful nation which it is today.3. The Louisiana purchase only expanded the territory of the U. S. .4. The rising spirit of democracy in the U. S. was introduced to Spain and France instantaneously.5. The purchase of Louisiana was accomplished at a much lower price than originally intended.6. Spain was the original possessor of the Louisiana territory.7. Livingston's eloquence persuaded Marbois to accept an unreasonably low price for the Louisiana territory.8. Louisiana was sold to the U. S, for______francs.9. The Federalists in the East of U. S. were in favor of declaringwar on Spain because they wished to______of President Jefferson's followers.10. When Louisiana was purchased, the export trade moving on the Mississippi accounted for___of the total export trade of the U. S. .I. Y 2. Y 3. N 4. N 5. Y 6. N 7. NG 8. 80,000,000 9.split the ranks 10. 40%。
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读练习题(4)
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读练习题(4)Section BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Facebook MomsA． Kimberly Gervaise, a stay-at-home mother of three in Little Silver, N.J., joined Facebook five years ago and only posts every couple of months, mostly sharing photos from special events, like birthdays. She has 393 friends, and wishes some of them would tuck it in (收敛) a bit. "I get a little annoyed about people who feel the need to post apicture of a straight-A report card--and there are many," she says. "I am sure that most of the time, they are just proud, but I find it annoying." ~B． Gervaise says more and more mothers are using Facebook as a platform to boast about their lives, their kids, their parenting techniques. And that's making it harder and harder for morns like her to log on without getting slappedin the face. Bragging about your kids is nothing new, but before Facebook, the Compare & Contrast game was mostlyplayed at the playground or the preschool parking lot. Morns would stand around discreetly scrutinizing kids to see whowas hitting milestones faster or slower than their own children. Now it's going on all day, every day, in a vast electronic sandbox.C． Facebook morns are constantly bombarded with updates about their friends' kids and their accomplishments. Daily, hourly even. According to Edison Research's Moms and Media 2013 report, 57% of morns on Facebook are over 35--these women are the first generation to have raised their children entirely in the Facebook era. They started out single, gossiping and posting party photos and flirting, and nowthey're changing diapers, worrying about peanut allergies and diligently navigating the sometimes treacherous mommy waters. And if they're active on Facebook, they're learning in front of a huge, rapt audience.D． Mothers are heavy Facebook users. Edison's 2013 research reveals that 7 out of 10 moms have a profile, and there are more than 1,000 mommy groups, public and private. These groups range in size from hundreds of members to tens of thousands, and they are discussing everything from potty training to gaming that private- school admissions test.E.Of all the members on Facebook, moms check in themost(an average of 5.1 times a day, according to Edison), and they keep coming back, even if they are being battered with subtle--and sometimes not so subtle--"My kid'ssmarter/healthier/happier than yours" remarks. For the mom who barely gets her kids' shoes on before hustling them off to school, posts that portray the perfect family can stir up guilt or even self-loathing( 自我厌恶 ). "Who has time to draw pictures with children? Who has time to clean up thegiant mess?" says Meredith DePersia, a working mother of two in San Francisco. "When I see these posts, I definitely feel like a lazy person."F.The great time-killer is now a massive ego-killer, and even a mommy-blogger with a huge following feels vulnerable."Facebook makes me feel bad," says Glennon Doyle Melton, who had a New York Times best- seller with Carry On, Warrior."No matter how satisfied I am with my life， career, family, social life, house, etc., as soon as I log on to Facebook and peek into others' lives, I immediately feel that unease caused by comparison."G. This is turning many rooms off. "One thing that drove me crazy when my son was younger was moms posting about how well their baby slept," a morn from Texas recalls. "Our son was a pretty poor sleeper, and we spent so much of that first year utterly exhausted. So to be honest, when I would see a post gloating, ' X slept for six hours straight last night! ' I would immediately hide that person for a while because it would irritate me." An online media professional and mom of one from Falls Church, Va., is so fired of playing the game. "I kind of avoid Facebook entirely," she says, "because I'm sick of everyone's presentation of perfection."H. There is nothing in the Facebook rules that requires complete honesty and total disclosure, and it is human nature to portray the best version of one's life. From carefully presenting our vacation pictures to sharing perfectly posed first-day-of-school photos, all of us, not just moms, try to portray a problem-free, fun-filled, blissful life. And that can be pretty annoying if you've just spent the morning。
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案（3,4）
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案（3,4）英语中的阅读题再多不过了，也是最好拿分的了，一起来看看考试栏目组小编为你提供的2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(3-4)，更多相关资讯，请关注网站更新。
2019年英语六级阅读理解试题库及答案(3)President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, education reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.The most liberal wing of the President's party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the President’s program. They want tax cuts and more open market. They say if federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it withermanent second-class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. If it cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keepit profitable for long. Without the profits and experience of technological excellence tore invest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the President’s program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economicretructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.1. The focus of the President's program is on[A] investment.[B] economy.[C] technology.[D] tax.2. What is the requirement of the most liberal wing of the Democratic-party?[A] They want a more direct action.[B] They want an incomes policy to check inflation.[C] They want to rebuild industry.[D] They want a wall of protective tariffs.3. What is the editor's attitude?[A] support.[B] distaste.[C] Disapproval.[D] Compromise.4. The danger to the plan lies in[A] the two parties' objection.[B] different idea of the two parties about the plan.[C] its passage.[D] distortion.5. The passage is[A] a review.[B] a preface.[C] a advertisement.[D] an editorial.Vocabulary1. reverse 逆转2. slide 滑坡3. plague 瘟疫;折磨，困扰4. tariff 关税5. decry 谴责，诋毁6. lever 杠杆;用杠杆撬动7. crux 症结8. ideologue 空想家，思想家9. intact 原封不动的，完整无损的10. investment credit 投资信贷11. research grant 研究基金难句译注1. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.【参考译文】写作方法与文章大意这是一则有关总统向国会提交的经济计划评论。
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(5)
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（5） Getting Air Traffic under ControlA) The shortest distance between two points is astraight line---unless you happen．to be traveling in an airplane． Commercial airliners around the world follow circuitous flight paths, waste time in holding patterns before landing and burn precious fuel taxiing (滑行) . Part of the blame can be placed on crowded airports and airspace, especially in heavily trafficked (交通繁忙的) areas like New York City．But delays and inefficiencies in air travel are due in large part to an outdated traffic-control system that still relies on slow, ground-based radar stations and repetitive voice communication．B) "At this' point, we're still operating with technology that dates back to World War II," says Marion Blakey, president of the Aerospace Industries Association and a former head of the Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) ．"We’re sticking with cassette tapes when we should be moving to DVDs．"C) It's bad enough that this air-traffic-control system has led to pitiful performance： nearly 25% of U．S．flights were late in 2008． But inefficiencies in the air and on the ground caused by the system also mean fuel wasted and carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted at the very time when the air-travel industry is coming under scrutiny (审查) for its role in climate change．D) Though airlines contribute only about 2% of global carbon emissions, that figure is set to rise as air travelexpands, especially in the developing world And for frequent travelers, flights can enlarge their personal carbonfootprint (碳足迹)一a round-trip journey between New YorkCity and London emits 1．5 metric tons of CO2 per passenger． "We're 2%, but we are a very visible 2%," says Paul Steele, who directs environmental initiatives for the International Air Transport Association (IATA) ．E) As the world prepares for the next U．N． Climate Change Conference, known as COP15, in Copenhagen in December, the air-travel industry will be under increasing pressure to cut its emissions---or pay a carbon tax． Though next-generation jet biofuels (生物燃料) made from algae (海藻) or coconuts tend to get all the green hype (大肆宣传) , the best immediate opportunity for the industry to control carbon emissions will be through improving fuel efficiency--and the best way to do that is to pull the airtraffic-control system into the digital 21 st century through what the FAA has named NextGen． "The overall goal of NextGen is to increasecapacity to meet demand while at the same time not growing carbon emissions," says Vicki Cox, the FAA's senior vice president for NextGen．F) NextGen is the FAA's long-term plan to replace the current radar-based air-traffic-control system with one that operates using satellites and a global positioningsystem． (Europe is working on a similar upgrade with its Single European Sky initiative．． Instead of a radar system that updates the positions of planes every 12 seconds or so, NextGen will use satellite data to locate planes in real time, thanks to the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B 广播式自动相关监视) system． Instead of relying ontime-consuming voice communication with a control tower, pilots will instantly know the location, speed and direction of the planes around them． It's not unlike the GPS system you might use in your car--if your GPS could tell you what every other vehicle on the road was doing all the time．G) "The new system gives pilots a heightened awareness of the airspace around them and helps controllers efficiently direct the tens of thousands of flights that crisscross (往返奔波) the country daily," says Steve Loranger, chief executive of ITT Corporation, which is developing the ADS-B system for the FAA)H) A satellite-based system like NextGen will allow for tighter, more direct flight paths--more A to B instead of A to C to B. Every minute cut from a flight plan means lessfuel and less carbon emissions．And with jet fuel costing about $1．75 per gallon (46 cents per liter． , that could save the airlines millions．I) Much of those savings will come during approach (进场) and landing． Because the current system is less precise, controllers need to give planes plenty of room as they lock onto the runway, descending in a slow, steppedapproach． NextGen will allow planes to make what is called a continuous-descent approach (CDA) , essentially letting them turn off their engines, saving tons of fuel and reducing pollutants．J) At the airport in Louisville, Kentucky, where UPS has been experimenting with a satellite-based control system, the shipper has been able to use CDA for landings and maximize the number of planes in the air at any given time． UPS。
2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案（3）
2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案（3）2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案(3)Passage 1World's Nonsmokers Take up Fight for Cleaner AirIn country after country, talk of nonsmokers' rights is in the air. This fresh voice is heard from Australia to Sweden. Its force is freeing clean air for nonsmokers—and tightening the situation for smokers.In west Germany, for instance, taxi drivers—known for their independence—post signs saying "Nicht Raucher"(nonsmoker) and may refuse passengers who insist on smoking. . . Bans in Poland prevent smoking in factories, offices, snack bars, and other public places. . . And Venezuelans can be fined $ 230 to $ 1,000 for smoking in supermarkets, buses, and numerous other places. Many countries also are moving in step to limit tobacco promotion (despite a 7 percent jump in world tobacco production last year) and eliminate the "false claims of the glorification(美化) of smoking as a habit.. . " says Jean de Moerloose of the United Nations World Health Organization.采集者退散While a majority of countries have taken little or no action yet, some 30 nations have introduced legislative steps to control smoking abuse. Many laws have been introduced in other countries to help clear the air for nonsmokers, or to cut cigarette consumption.In many developing nations, however, cigarette smoking is seen as a sign of economic progress—and is even encouraged."While it appears that in developed countries theconsumption of cigarettes has become stabilized, there are some indications that it is still rising at a steady pace in Latin America," says Dr. Daniel J. Joly, an adviser to the Pan American Health Organization.Despite progress in segregating (隔离) nonsmokers and smokers, most countries see little change in the number of smokers. In fact, there is a jump in the number of girls and young women starting to smoke.As more tobacco companies go international, new markets are sought to gain new smokers in developing countries. For example, great efforts are made by the American tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in the Middle East and North Africa—where U. S. tobacco exports increased by more than 27 percent last year, according the U. S. Foreign Agriculture Service. So far, any cooperation between tobacco interests and governments' campaigns against smoking has been in the area of tobacco advertising.Restrictions on cigarette ads, plus health warnings on packages and bans on public smoking in certain places, are the most popular tools used by nations in support of nonsmokers or in curbing ( 限制) smoking.But world attention also is focusing on other steps which will：—make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit by publicizing public awareness of the decline of social acceptability of smoking.(This method is receiving strong support in the U. S. and other countries. )—prevent pro-smoking scenes on television and films.—remove cigarette vending machines.—provide support for those who want to kick the habit ofsmoking.—make it illegal to sell or hand over tobacco products to minors and prohibit smoking in meeting places for young people.—boost cigarette prices with higher tobacco taxes—and use the money for antismoking campaigns.At a June UN conference on smoking, a goal set by Sir George E. Godber, chairman of the expert committee on smoking and health for the World Health Organization, stated： " We may not have eliminated cigarette smoking completely by the end of this century, but we ought to have reached a position where relatively few addicts still use cigarettes, but onlyin private at most in the company of consenting adults. " NATIONS ATTEMPT SOLUTIONSHere are brief sketches of major or unique attempts around the world to insure nonsmokers' right to smoke-freeair and to help smokers quit. SWEDENAn ambitious, concerted plan to raise a nation of nonsmokers is being implemented by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare.Swedish children born after 1975 will grow up in environments that will be nonsmoking and antismoking as much as possible. General cigarette consumption will cut from 1,700 cigarettes a year per person to 1920 level of under 300 cigarettes a year, according to the 25-year plan.A campaign to restrict tobacco advertising, raise cigarette prices to over $ 2a pack, remove cigarette vending machines by 1979, ban pro-smoking content infilms and television programs, restrict public smoking, and give intensiveantismoking education in schools and the military, will promote the goal of asociety which "should be so unfavourable toward smoking that smoking could not arise once again as a major factor harmful to public health. "By Swedish law, life-insurance premiums (保险费) are lowered for nonsmokers. WEST GERMANYAn image-reversing advertising campaign began a few years ago in West Germany whereby it is the nonsmoker who is shown to be living the swinging life previously claimed by the cigarette addict.A government-sponsored program to warn the public about the dangers of smoking includes an attempt to encourage consideration of the nonsmoker at work and in public places. Tobacco television ads were stopped in 1973.But there are no firm plans at the federal level to ban smoking in public places, although it is being considered as a legislative proposal. Health experts say that the legally required warning on cigarette packages in the United States has not helped. Hence there are strong doubts about strict laws in the whole area of smoking. The governing idea here is to encourage consideration of others. But this angle of attack (moral persuasion) does not rule out legislation. In two of Germany's 11 states there are laws to protect public employees who do not smoke from their smoking fellow workers. "Smoke breaks" are used to separate the smokers and nonsmokers."The nonsmoker today is just as much or more respected than the smoker. " Says one health official, "and this is a success in itself. " GREAT BRITAINA television advertising ban in 1965, a health warning ontobacco packages begun in 1971, a 20 percent price rise on cigarettes in 1974, and a constant campaign to isolate pubic smoking in airlines, trains, and other public places have fuelled a forceful antismoking and nonsmokers' program in Britain.In Ireland, an advertising code bans ads emphasizing the pleasure of smoking, featuring conventional heroes of the young as smokers, or implying that it is less harmful to smoke one brand than another. UNITED STATESU. S. airlines are subject to $ 1,000 fines for failing to provide a smoke free seat for any passenger who wants one. The Interstate Commerce Commission has made "no smoking" the rule, rather than the exception, on all interstate passenger trains and buses. The Military segregates smokers and no longer distributes cigarette in C rations.A growing number of restaurants now offer separate areas for nonsmokers. A ban on television and radio cigarette ads, health warnings and restrictions on public smoking in many states and cities make the United States a participant in world nonsmoking and antismoking efforts. The number of U. S. nonsmokers is rising as well.1. With the world's efforts, more and more smokers have realized the harmful effect of smoking on environment.2. 30 countries have introduced legislation to restrict smoking, though little has been done in most other countries.3. The total number of smokers decreases while the number of female smokers increases in most countries.4. Smokers in Latin America consume more cigarettes than in developed countries.5. The improved economic situation in developing countries is the explanation of the rising number of smokers there.6. Both Sweden and Great Britain raised cigarette prices to control the tobacco consumption.7. The increasing number of nonsmokers in U. S. is the evidence to show that the U. S. antismoking campaign has been successful.8. Tobacco companies are now getting more profitin______than before.9. People aboard any flight in U. S. can get a10. In West Germany, consideration of nonsmokers is______ in the campaign against smoking.I. NG 2. Y 3. N 4. N 5. N 6. Y 7. Y8. in developing countries 9. smoke free seat 10. encouraged。
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(4)
2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（4） Apps Designed for Distracted DriversA． Marry Williams recalls the conversations he and his wife would have with their two daughters about the dangers of talking and texting while driving．．"It's always a concern," said Williams． "We just drilled it into their heads over and over until they said 'Okay, we get it,' and when we saw something [about the dangers of drivers texting] on TV we made sure they saw it, too．"B． Parents like Williams have good reason toworry． Half of teens say they tall on a cell phone while driving, a third say they swap text messages, and almost half say they've been a passenger in a vehicle with a teen driver whose phone use put them at risk, according to federal statistics． Teen drivers are more likely to get into a fatal crash than anyone under the age of 80, in part because their brains are still developing the system that evaluates risk．C． These days, however, there's an app for that, several of them, in fact． There are apps that prevent mobile-device use while driving, and some of them alert parents or employers when a user tries to beat the system．They've emerged on the market as alarm grows over the carnage caused by distracted driving．D． More than 3,300 people die and 420,000 are injured annually in crashes attributed to distracted drivers． But those numbers may be low because, other than a driver's admission of fault, it's a challenge to prove thatdistraction caused a crash． Among all drivers involved infatal crashes, teens were the most likely to have been distracted, National Highway Traffic Administration data show． "They feel invincible," said Jurek Grabowski, director of research at the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety． "They have large social networks and they want to stay in contact with them．"E． Conversations on the go, texting, surfing theInternet and taking selfies (自拍) are such a habit among teens that studies show they underestimate the risk． Teens make up a significant percentage of the approximately 660,000 drivers who are having phone conversations or manipulating electronic devices while driving at any given moment during daylight hours in the United States． And most teenagers who chat, text or surf while driving are breaking the law． The District and 37 states--including Maryland and Virginia--ban novice drivers from talking on the phone while driving． The three local jurisdictions (管辖区) and 41 other states barall drivers from sending and receiving text messages while driving． But respect for those laws is similar to that given the speed limit．F． "We need to almost turn this thing into a brick," David Coleman said recently, holding up his cell phone while sitting in a Bowie Starbucks． "It can't just be about texting． It has to be about e-mail, Facebook and no inappropriate calls．" Coleman is marketing director for Louisiana-based Cellcontrol, one of several companies competing for the chance to shut down people's mobile devices while they're driving． Most of the companies that sell cell phone service--Verizon, AT&T, Sprint and others--also provide apps that can limit access．G． Many of the apps are triggered when a GPS sensor detects that a vehicle is in motion, and some—such as AT&T's DriveMode---will alert parents or employers when the app has been turned off or disabled．Independent experts considerthat a feature buyers should look for． "Especially for younger drivers． As clever as you can be, they will be more clever," said Leo McCloskey, a tech specialist for the Intelligent Transportation Society of America． "The best way to do it is to integrate the device with the vehicle so that you could have more precise control．"H． That precise control means that parents or employers can select the features they want to allow their drivers to use and block those that worry them． "It's important to have a solid oversight function so that use can be monitored by a fleet (车队) manager or parent," said Russ Rader of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety． "Cellcontrol is one of the better, most complete systems． TeenSafer is another one that we've looked at that works pretty well．．These products are going to be the most useful for fleet operators and for parents trying to control phone use by their driving teens． Both Cellcontrol and TeenSafer will report attempts to disrupt the system．"I． Businesses that send fleets of cars, vans or trucks onto the streets have shown increasing interest in those products, as juries have issued multimillion-dollar rewards to those injured or killed by distracted drivers who were on the job．J． Systems integrated into the vehicle are triggered when the car or truck begins to move． "We're not guessingbased on a satellite, we're depending on the vehicle to tell us," said Cellcontrol's Coleman as he spent a morning demonstrating his company's product in Prince George's County． "Otherwise, how do I know you're not on a Greyhound bus or on a plane that has landed and is taxiing (滑行) to the gate?"K． Cellcontrol provides two options for connecting to a vehicle． One is a device the size of an E-Zpass transponder (电子收费应答器) that is glued to the windshield with the same adhesive material used to secure rearview mirrors． The more sophisticated choice plugs in to a vehicle's diagnostic computer port． The $129-system works with iPhones, Androids, BlackBerrys and Windows Mobile．L． The system involves an app that is downloaded to the phone of the driver--teenager or employee． The key to the system is software that can be installed on a home computer, tablet or mobile device that allows an authorized person--parent or boss--to customize what the driver is permitted to do, and to monitor compliance (遵从)． "We're not blocking the signal, we're allowing a protective policy to be brought into the device," he said． "The administrator has the option to make the policy as restrictive as possible, or not．" For example, phone use could be restricted to a hands-free device． Or calls could be restricted to an emergency number or a parent or office． Or parents could attempt to mandate (命令) that all passengers in the car driven by their teenager download the app． "You could decide this is the kids' car and we don't want a stupid sitting in the passenger's seat showing the driver YouTube videos," Coleman said．M． Coleman demonstrated how his phone was pre-programmed to go into safe mode when he drove, but when handed to a passenger it was fully operative． A second phone he brought along went into safe mode when the car was moving, regardless of whether it was in his hands or those of apassenger． Acknowledging that parents are dealing with a technology-savvy (精通科技的) generation and that employers exist in a technologically smart world, Coleman said, "We've built in some traps and fail-safes (故障安全装置) to notifythe parent or employer．"N． McCloskey said that companies like Cellcontrol that provide integrated services are "where we need to go．" "The operating system of the phone itself can interact with the operating system of the vehicle in such a way that services can be authorized, services can be presented, and servicescan be consumed all in a safe and predictable manner," McCloskey said．O． Although he is concerned about distracted driving, McCloskey thinks it as a relatively short-term problem．"Inthe medium to long term, as autonomous vehicles really start making a mark, all this goes away as a concern," he said．46． The deaths and injuries caused by distracted drivingmay be underestimated due to the difficulty to identify the role of distraction in an accident．47． McCloskey believes that distracted driving will nolonger be a problem with the emergence of autonomous vehicles．48． Williams made every effort to raise his teens' awareness about the danger of phone use while driving．49． Cellcontrol is recommended as one of the best systems available for those parents who worry about the safety oftheir driving teens．50． Cellcontrol makes it possible that parents control the phone use of the passengers when their child's is the driver．51． The laws in many parts of the US restrict phone usewhile driving, which are nevertheless poorly observed in practice．52． Coleman demonstrated his company's product with two cell phones functioning in different ways．53． Statistics show that phone use is a common phenomenon among teen drivers, which may lead to deadly traffic accidents．54． Some companies suffered a huge economic loss due totheir employees' distracted driving．55． The system of Cellcontrol can be integrated into avehicle in two different ways．。
2019年12月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析
2019年12月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析一、真题回顾2019年12月大学英语六级考试笔试部分主要包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个部分。
以下是对真题的简要回顾及答案解析。
（一）听力部分听力部分共30题，分为短篇新闻、长对话和听力篇章三部分。
1. 短篇新闻真题回顾：本题共7段新闻，内容涉及国际新闻、国内新闻、科技新闻等。
答案解析：考生在听力过程中需关注新闻的关键信息，如时间、地点、人物、事件等，以便准确回答问题。
2. 长对话真题回顾：本题共两段对话，内容涉及日常生活和学术讨论。
答案解析：考生在听力过程中要注意对话双方的语气、态度和观点，以便准确判断答案。
3. 听力篇章真题回顾：本题共三篇文章，内容涉及文化、教育、科技等。
答案解析：考生在听力过程中需关注文章的主题、结构和关键信息，以便准确回答问题。
（二）阅读部分阅读部分共20题，分为词汇理解、长篇阅读和仔细阅读三部分。
1. 词汇理解真题回顾：本题共10题，要求考生根据文章内容和上下文，选出最佳答案。
答案解析：考生在阅读过程中要注意词汇的搭配、词义辨析和上下文逻辑关系。
2. 长篇阅读真题回顾：本题共两篇文章，内容涉及社会、科技、教育等。
答案解析：考生在阅读过程中要注意文章的主题、结构和关键信息，以便准确回答问题。
3. 仔细阅读真题回顾：本题共两篇文章，内容涉及文化、历史、科技等。
答案解析：考生在阅读过程中要注意文章的细节信息，以便准确回答问题。
（三）写作部分真题回顾：本题要求考生撰写一篇关于“如何看待网络购物”的议论文。
答案解析：考生在写作过程中要注意以下几点：（1）明确观点：在文章开头明确表达自己的观点；（2）论据充分：给出至少两个论据来支持自己的观点；（3）逻辑清晰：合理安排文章结构，使文章条理清晰；（4）语言表达：注意语言的准确性和连贯性。
（四）翻译部分真题回顾：本题要求考生将一段关于“中国茶文化”的中文段落翻译成英文。
答案解析：考生在翻译过程中要注意以下几点：（1）理解原文：准确理解原文的意思，把握文章的主题；（2）选词准确：选择合适的词汇表达原文的意思；（3）语法正确：注意语法结构的正确性；（4）表达流畅：使翻译的英文段落通顺、自然。
2019年12月 六级真题及答案
2019年12月英语六级考试真题及答案一、听力真题及答案Section ALong Conversation 1Man: Today our guest is Rosie Melinda (Q1) who works as a features editor for Fashion magazine. Hi Rosie, you're a features editor at one of the most widely read women's magazines in the U.K. What kind of responsibilities does that job entail? Woman: We spend our days looking at ideas from journalists, writing copy for the magazine and website and editing. We do random things like asking people in the street questions and testing sports clothing. We also do less tangible things like understanding what our readers want. It's certainly varied and sometimes bizarre. Man: During your working day what kind of work might you typically do? Woman: My day mainly incorporates responding to emails (Q2), writing and editing stories and coming up with new feature ideas.Man: How does the job of features editor differ from that of fashion editor or other editorial positions?Woman: The feature's team deals with articles such as careers, reports, confidence and confessions. Everything except to fashion and beauty.Man: A lot of people believe that working at a magazine is a glamorous job (Q3). Is this an accurate representation of what you do?Woman: I'd say it's glamorous to an extent, but not in the way it's portrayed in films. We do have our moments such as interviewing celebrities and attending parties which is a huge thrill. Ultimately though, we're the same as our readers. But working in a job we're all very lucky to have.Man: Did you have to overcome any difficulties to reach this point in your career? How did you manage to do this?Woman: I had to be really persistent and it was very hard work. After three years of working in a petrol station and doing unpaid work I still hadn't managed to get an entry level job. I was lucky that my last desperate attempt led to a job (Q4). I told myself that all experiences make you a better journalist in the long run and luckily, I was right.访谈节目中采访了一位时尚杂志的特辑编辑，她聊到自己的工作，以及如何成为这样一位编辑。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2019年12月六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(四)Section BHow "Second Brain" Influences Mood and Well-Being[A] As Olympians go for the gold in Vancouver, even the steeliest are likely to experience that familiar feeling of "butterflies" in the stomach. Underlying this sensation is an often-overlooked network of neurons (神经元)lining our guts that is so extensive some scientists have nicknamed it our "second brain". A deeper understanding of this mass of neural tissue is revealing that it does much more than merely handle digestion or inflict the occasional nervous pang. The little brain in our gut, in connection with the big one in our head, partly determines our mental state and plays key roles in certain diseases throughout the body.[B] Although its influence is far-reaching, the second brain is not the seat of any conscious thoughts or decision-making. "The second brain doesn't help with the great thought processes ... religion, philosophy and poetry is left to the brain in the head," says Michael Gershon, chairman of the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology at New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, author of the 1998 book The Second Brain.[C] Technically known as the enteric (肠内的)nervous system, the second brain consists of covers of neurons embedded in the walls of the long tube of our gut, which measures about nine meters end to end. The second brain contains some 100 million neurons, Gershon says. This multitude of neurons in the enteric nervous system enables us to "feel" the innerworld of our gut and its contents. Much of this neural firepower comes to bear in the elaborate daily grind of digestion. Breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and expelling of waste requires chemical processing, mechanical mixing and rhythmic muscle contractions that move everything on down the line.[D] Thus equipped with its own reactions and senses, the second brain can control gut behavior independently of the brain, Gershon says. We likely evolved this intricate web of nerves to perform digestion and ejection "on site," rather than remotely from our brains through the middleman of the spinal cord (脊髓). "The brain in the head doesn't need to get its hands dirty with the messy business of digestion, which is delegated to the brain in the gut," Gershon says. He and other researchers explain, however, that the secondbrain's complexity likely cannot be interpreted through this process alone.[E] "The system is way too complicated to have evolved only to make sure things move out of your bowel," says Emeran Mayer, professor of physiology, psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles ( U. C. L. A. ). For example, scientists were shocked to learn that about 90 percent of the fibers in the primary gut nerve, the vagus (迷走神经), carry information from the gut to the brain and not the other way around. "Some of that information is decidedly unpleasant," Gershon says.[F] The second brain informs our state of mind in other more obscure ways, as well. "A big part of our emotions areprobably influenced by the nerves in our gut," Mayer says. Butterflies in the stomach-signaling in the gut as part ofour physiological stress response, Gershon says--is but one example. Although gastrointestinal (肠胃)(GI)chaos can sour one's moods, everyday emotional well-being may rely on messages from the brain below to the brain above. For example, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve-a useful treatment for depression-may mimic these signals, Gershon says.[G] Given the two brains' commonalities, other depression treatments that target the mind can unintentionally impactthe gut. The enteric nervous system uses more than 30 neurotransmitters, just like the brain, and in fact 95percent of the body's serotonin (血清素)is found in the bowels.Because antidepressant medications called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( 选择性无羟色胺再摄取抑制剂)(SSRIs)increase serotonin levels, it's little wonder that reeds (椎间盘镜)meant to cause chemical changes in the mind often provoke GI issues as a side effect. Irritable bowel syndrome-which afflicts more than two million Americans-also arises in part from too much serotonin in our guts, and could perhaps be regarded as a "mental illness" of the second brain.[H] Scientists are learning that the serotonin made by the enteric nervous system might also play a role in more surprising diseases： In a new Nature Medicine studypublished online February 7, a drug that inhibited therelease of serotonin from the gut counteracted the bone-deteriorating disease osteoporosis (骨质疏松症). "It wastotally unexpected that the gut would regulate bone mass tothe extent that one could use this regulation to cure osteoporosis," says Gerard Karsenty, lead author of the study and chair of the Department of Genetics and Development at Columbia University Medical Center.[I] Serotonin penetrating from the second brain might even play some part in autism (孤独症), the developmental disorder often first noticed in early childhood. Gershon has discovered that the same genes involved in synapse formation (突触形成)between neurons in the brain are involved in the digestive synapse formation. "of these genes are affected in autism," he says, "it could explain why so many kids with autism have GI motor abnormalities in addition to elevated levels of gut-produced serotonin in their blood. "[J] Down the road, the blossoming field of neurogastroenterology will likely offer some new insight into the workings of the second brain-and its impact on the body and mind." We have never systematically looked at the enteric nervous system in relating damages in it to diseases like they have for the central nervous system", Gershon says. One day, perhaps there will be well-known connections between diseases and damages in the gut's nervous system as some in the brain and spinal cord today indicate multiple sclerosis.[K] Cutting-edge research is currently investigating how the second brain mediates the body's immune response; after all, at least 70 percent of our immune system is aimed at the gut to expel and kill foreign invaders. U. C. L. A. 's Mayer is doing work on how the trillions of bacteria in the gut "communicate" with enteric nervous system cells (which they greatly outnumber). His work with the enteric nervous systemhas led him to think that in coming years psychiatry will need to expand to treat the second brain in addition to the one above the shoulders.[L] So for those physically skilled and mentally strong enough to compete in the Olympic Games-as well as those watching at home-it may well necessary for us all to pay more heed to our so-called "gut feelings" in the future.46. The second brain does not deal with the activities of advanced thinking.47. Some scientists have called the network of neurons in guts "second brain".48. Apart from elevated levels of gut-produced serotonin in their blood, children with autism are believed to have GI disorder.49. Meds often provoke GI issues as a side effect in that SSRIs increase serotonin levels.50. The author suggested that athletes in the Olympics and audience should pay more attention to gut feelings.51. Cutting-edge research is now focusing on the way the second brain adjusts the body's immune response.52. Many of our emotions may be brought about by the second brain.53. The second brain with its own reactions and senses is certain to give direction to gut system independently.54. It will soon be necessary for psychiatry to treat both the brain in the head and the second brain.55. The second brain enables us to feel the inner world of our body through multitude of neurons.。