中考英语复习：代词

中考英语复习：代词
（一）代词的分类
人称代词 Personal Pronouns
物主代词 Possessive Pronouns
反身代词 Self Pronouns 不
定代词 Indefinite Pronouns
指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns 疑问代词 Interrogative Pronouns （二）人称代词：指代人称，包括主格和宾格两种，主格作句子的主语，宾格作动词或介词的宾语。

1. 人称代词作主语时用主格、作宾语时用宾格
* They all like him very much.
* She gave the books to you and me.
2. 人称代词在作表语时，用宾格
* Who’s knocking at the door?—It’s me.
3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”
* You, she and I all enjoy the musi
c.
4. she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。

* We love our motherland, we hope s he’ll be stronger and bigger.
* The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston.
5. it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等
* What’s the weather like today?—It’s windy.
* It’s about five minutes’ walk fr om home to school.
6. it可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳。

* It’s hard to reach the apples.
* It’s good for you taking a walk a fter supper.
7. it也可以做形式宾语，句式常为：fi nd it + adj. + to do
I find it hard to get on well with others.
物主代词 Possessive Pronouns
1. 形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，后面加名词。

* My brother is a worker.
* His parents are very friendly.
2. 名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语
* Whose dictionary is this?—It’s mine. （表语）
* Our room is big and theirs is sma ll. （作主语）
* You may use my pen. I’ll use hers.（宾语）
3. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：
形容词性物主代词 + 名词 = 名词性物主代词
注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。

* These books aren’t ours. Ours are new. (our books = ours)
* This is not our room. Ours is ove r there. (our room = ours)
4. “of + 名词性物主代词”表示所属* A sister of his is a nurse.
* Tom is a friend of mine.
反身代词 Self Pronouns （构成规则）
1. 反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语
* He thinks more of others than of himself.（宾语）
* That poor boy was myself.（表语）* He himself was a doctor.（同位语）* I myself can work the problem out.（同位语）
2. 反身代词有以下常见搭配
enjoy oneself = have a good time by oneself = alone
help oneself to ...learn sth. b y oneself = teach oneself sth.
注意：oneself有单复数之分
* I enjoy myself.* Children, h elp yourselves to some fish.
不定代词 Indefinite Pronouns
不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词
★ all, each, every, both, either, neither none, one, little, few, man y, much
other, another, some, any, no 由some, any, no, every等构成的合成代词
几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词
1. some / any
★ some （一些，某）一般用于肯定句中
* There are some flowers in front o f the house.
★ any （一些，任何）多用于疑问句和否定句
* Do you have any picture-books?
注意：some 有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中，any可以用在肯定句中，表示强调。

Any day is OK. I’m free.
* Would you like some meat?
* May I ask some questions?
* Could I have some apples?
* Will you give me some water?
2. many / much
★ many 修饰或指代复数名词
* There are many eggs in the basket.
* Many of us like playing games.
★ much 修饰或指代不可数名词
* He doesn’t know much English.
3. another / other
★ another泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个
* I don’t want this coat. Please sh ow me another.
★ other后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的* Do you have any other questions?
4. the other / others / the others ★ the other
（1）特指两个中的另一个
* He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor.
（2）修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些
* Tom likes swimming and the other boys in his class like swimming, too. ★ others泛指其他的人或物，常和some 对应使用。

* He often helps others.
* Some are playing basketball, othe rs are playing football.
★ the others 特指确定范围内剩下的
全部人或物
* There are fifty students in our c lass. Twenty of them are girls, the o thers are boys.
5. few / a few / little / a little ★ few / a few 修饰可数名词littl e / a little 修饰不可数名词
★ few , little 表示否定意义，译为“没有几个”，“没有多少”
a few , a little 表示肯定意义，译为“有几个”，“有一点”
* There are few people living here.
* There are a few students in the c lassroom.
* I know little English.
* There is a little milk in the bot tle.
★ few和little与quite或only连用时，常加不定冠词a
* There are quite a few new books i n the library.
6. every / each
★ every + 单数名词，表示“每一个”，强调共性、整体、只作定语，形式上为单数，不与of连用。

* Every child likes playing games. ★ each表示“每一个”，强调个性，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语，常与of连用。

* Each student was asked to try aga in.* Each of them has a nice skir t.
7. all / none
★ all “（全部）都”，表示三者或三者以上，一般放在连系动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前
* We are all from Canada.They all like English.
★ none “没有”，表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词of（谓语动词单复数均可）* None of us is / are afraid of dog s.
8. both / either / neither
★ both “（两者）都”，作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数
* My parents are both teachers. = B oth of my parents are teachers.
★ neither “（两者）都不”，含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数；作定语时后跟名词单数
* Neither answer is right.
★ either “两者中任何一个”，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数；作定语时后跟名词单数
* There are trees on either side of the street.
= There are trees on both sides of the street.
★有关词组及应用
A. both of / either of / neither of * Both of them swim well.* Eithe r of you goes to Beijing.
* Neither of them stopped to have a rest.
B. both ... and （谓语动词用复数形式）
either ... or / neither ... nor （谓语动词遵循就近原则）
* Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Tw o.
* Either my father or my mother coo ks at home.
* Neither he nor I am free today.
9. something / anything / nothing
somebody / anybody / nobody
当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置* I have something important to tel l you.
* Is there anything else in the bo x?
* Nobody can answer the question. There is something wrong with the w atch.
= Something is wrong with the watc h.
指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns
表示空间和时间远近关系的代词，包括：th is / that （单数），these / those （复数）
1. this , these 指在方位上较近的人或物，that , those 指在方位上较远的人或物
* This is my shirt, that’s yours. * These TVs are made in China, thos e are made in Japan.
2. that , those 常指前面提过的东西，以免重复
* These boxes are heavier than thos
e on the desk.
3. 刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that或代替和前面相同的主语。

* He was ill yesterday. I’m sorry t o hear that.
The weather in Beijing is hotter th an that in Shenyang.
疑问代词 Interrogative Pronouns
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词常见有：who whom whose what which
通常做主语\宾语\定语\表语
* What makes you think like that?
做主语用陈述结构
* Who (Whom) were you talking with?做宾语
* Which bus do I need?做定语
* What’s your father?做表语
注意：在口语中，Who和Whom通用，但在介词后只能用Whom
* With whom did he play games?
With who did he play games? （错）
代词
选择：
（）1. — Could you help ______ wi th _____ English, Li Ming?— With ple asure.
A. I , my
B. me , me
C. me , my
D. my , I
（）2. — Who is the man under the tree?
— Oh, he is Mr. Zhang. He tea ches _______ geography.
A. our
B. us
C. we
D. ours （）3. — Do you know the woman si tting between Linda and _________?
— Yes, _________ is my cousi n.
A. he , she
B. him , her
C. her , he
D. me , she
（）4. — Is this your T-shirt, Da vid?
—No, it’s not _________ T-sh irt. _________ is over there.
A. my , My
B. my , Mine
C. mi ne , Mine
D. mine , My
（）5. — Could you show _________ picture, Jack?
— Here you are.
A. she my
B. we your
C. he her
D. me your
（）6. — Do you think we can leav e our grandparents by _________?
—I don’t think we can.
A. they
B. them
C. themselves
D. their
（）7. — Did you enjoy _________ at the party last night, Lucy and Lil y?
— Yes. We really enjoyed ____ _____.
A. yourself , ourselves
B. yo urselves , ourselves
C. you , us
（）8. — I always believe in Miss Wang.
— Who can you believe in, if not _________?
A. her
B. herself
C. she
D. hers
（）9. — What did Mr. Liu say jus t now? — He asked _________ to do th e work.
A. you, he and I
B. you, him, and me
C. I, you, and he
（）10. — Have you got the news?
—Yes. I’ve got _________ from your brother.
A. them
B. him
C. he r
D. it
（）11. —What do you want to drin k, David?
—It’s OK with me. _________ w ill do.
A. Something
B. Anything
C. Nothing
D. Everything
（）12. — A Chinese - English dic tionary, please.
— Oh, there is only one left. Would you like to have _________?
A. it
B. one
C. this
D. that
（）13. — Do you think _________
possible to learn a forei
gn language well without
a lot of hard work?
—No, I don’t think so.
A. this
B. that
C. its
D. it （）14. — There are two new dicti onaries on the desk. Whose are they?
— One is mine, and _________ i s Lin Tao’s.
A. other
B. another
C. the ot her
D. others
（）15. — Which shirt do you pref er, this one or that one?
—I’ll take _________ to have a change sometimes.
A. all of them
B. them three
C. both them
D. them two
（）16. — What do you think of yo ur English exam?
—It was very easy, but I don’t think _________ in our class can pass it.
A. everyone
B. nobody
C. anyb ody
D. somebody
（）17. —Why couldn’t they thre e travel in Europe?
— Because _________ of them ha d _________ money.
A. everyone , no
B. ne ither , any
C. none , any
（）18. — What do you think of th e street?
— Very beautiful. There are many tall green trees on _______ side of it.
A. either
B. both
C. all
D. every
（）19. — Do you think the popula tion of Hainan is larger than _____ o f HongKong?
— Yes. I think so.
A. this
B. those
C. it
D. that
（）20. — Do you prefer tea or co ffee?
—I don’t like _________, I al ways drink water.
A. other
B. another
C. neither
D. either
（）21. If this dictionary is not yours, _________ can it be?
A. what else
B. who else
C. whic h else`s
D. who else’s
（）22. — When shall we meet agai n?
— Make it _________ day you li ke. It’s all the same to me.
A. one
B. another
C. any
D. some
（）23. The room was empty, but sh e felt that _________ was watching he r.
A. anybody
B. everybody
C. nobody
D. somebody
（）24. Does ________ matter if he can’t be here on time?
A. this
B. it
C. that
D. he
（）25. I remember _________ word she said to me.
A. all
B. both
C. every
D. each （）26. I have five colored pencil
s: one is green, another
is red and _________ thre
e are blue.
A. the other
B. other
C. the others
D. others
（）27. If you meet Kate or Jack, tell _________ to come at once.
A. them
B. him
C. her
D. them selves
（）28. — Who has a knife, childr en?— I have _________.
A. it
B. this
C. one
D. so
（）29. Tom is more careful than _ ________ student.
A. others
B. the other
C. any other
D. other
（）30. — _________ is Amy like?—Oh, she’s tall and thin.
A. Who
B. What
C. Whom
D. Wh ich
[参考答案]
选择。

1. C
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. B10. D 11. B12. A13. D14. C15. D 16. A17. C18. A19. D20. D 21. D22. C23. D24. B25. C 26. A27. B28. C29. C30. B。