中考英语复习：代词

中考英语复习：代词

（一）代词的分类

人称代词 Personal Pronouns

物主代词 Possessive Pronouns

反身代词 Self Pronouns 不

定代词 Indefinite Pronouns

指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns 疑问代词 Interrogative Pronouns （二）人称代词：指代人称，包括主格和宾格两种，主格作句子的主语，宾格作动词或介词的宾语。

1. 人称代词作主语时用主格、作宾语时用宾格

* They all like him very much.

* She gave the books to you and me.

2. 人称代词在作表语时，用宾格

* Who’s knocking at the door?—It’s me.

3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”

* You, she and I all enjoy the musi

c.

4. she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。

* We love our motherland, we hope s he’ll be stronger and bigger.

* The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston.

5. it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等

* What’s the weather like today?—It’s windy.

* It’s about five minutes’ walk fr om home to school.

6. it可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳。

* It’s hard to reach the apples.

* It’s good for you taking a walk a fter supper.

7. it也可以做形式宾语，句式常为：fi nd it + adj. + to do

I find it hard to get on well with others.

物主代词 Possessive Pronouns

1. 形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，后面加名词。

* My brother is a worker.

* His parents are very friendly.

2. 名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语

* Whose dictionary is this?—It’s mine. （表语）

* Our room is big and theirs is sma ll. （作主语）

* You may use my pen. I’ll use hers.（宾语）

3. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：

形容词性物主代词 + 名词 = 名词性物主代词

注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。

* These books aren’t ours. Ours are new. (our books = ours)

* This is not our room. Ours is ove r there. (our room = ours)

4. “of + 名词性物主代词”表示所属* A sister of his is a nurse.

* Tom is a friend of mine.

反身代词 Self Pronouns （构成规则）

1. 反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语

* He thinks more of others than of himself.（宾语）

* That poor boy was myself.（表语）* He himself was a doctor.（同位语）* I myself can work the problem out.（同位语）

2. 反身代词有以下常见搭配

enjoy oneself = have a good time by oneself = alone

help oneself to ...learn sth. b y oneself = teach oneself sth.

注意：oneself有单复数之分

* I enjoy myself.* Children, h elp yourselves to some fish.

不定代词 Indefinite Pronouns

不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词

★ all, each, every, both, either, neither none, one, little, few, man y, much

other, another, some, any, no 由some, any, no, every等构成的合成代词

几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词

1. some / any

★ some （一些，某）一般用于肯定句中

* There are some flowers in front o f the house.

★ any （一些，任何）多用于疑问句和否定句

* Do you have any picture-books?

注意：some 有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中，any可以用在肯定句中，表示强调。

Any day is OK. I’m free.

* Would you like some meat?

* May I ask some questions?

* Could I have some apples?

* Will you give me some water?

2. many / much

★ many 修饰或指代复数名词

* There are many eggs in the basket.

* Many of us like playing games.

★ much 修饰或指代不可数名词

* He doesn’t know much English.

3. another / other

★ another泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个

* I don’t want this coat. Please sh ow me another.

★ other后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的* Do you have any other questions?