初中英语语法大全:therebe句型讲解

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There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)有某人(或某物)”,其形式为“Therebe+代词或名词(短语)+地点/时间状语”。这里there是引导词,没有词义,be是谓语动词,代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not;一般疑问句是将be放在句首;反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)+there”构成。例如:

is a desk and two chairs in the room.(紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk,是单数,故be的形式要用is)

aren't two chairs and a desk in the room.(否定句)

there anything wrong with your ears(Yes,there is./No,there isn't.)

wasn't a meeting yesterday,was there(反意疑问句)

除此之外,还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”,要用“There be +sb.+doing sth.+地点/时间状语”。例如:

There are several children swimming in the river.河里有几个孩子在游泳。

There be 结构中常见的时态有如下几种情况:

通过上表可知:各种时态的变化是通过 be动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错,首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系,have表示“所属”关系,两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如,要说“明天有一个班会。”(1)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.(×)(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.(√)有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种都可以用。例如:Class Three have a map of China on the wall.(“地图”为三班学生所有)There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three.(“地图”存在于三班)由此看来,There will have是错误的。

复习There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外,还应注意以下问题:

be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的,即主谓的一致性。例如:

(1)There is _____ on the floor.

(2)There are _____ on the floor.

选项:解析:(1)由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词,而A、D项中都缺少冠词a,故选B,同理可知(2)应选C.

2.如果作主语的是一个短语,则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any,som e,few,a few,m any或用数词 +hundred/thousand/million,hundreds/ thousands/millions of,no等修饰;不可数名词可以受any,some,no,little,a little,much等词的修饰。例如:

(1)There were _____ students in our school.

hundred hundreds of

(2)There is _____ needn't get some more.

解析:(1)由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B,(2)由water可知排除A项,再由后一句意思便知选C.

3.注意不定代词的用法。

(1)不定代词在句中作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:There is nothing in the fridge.(2)不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如:There is something interesting in today's newspaper.

be句型的反意疑问句,要注意陈述部分的形式。

如果陈述部分含有little,few,no,nobody,none等否定词时,后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如:There is nobody in the room,is there

但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如:There is something unusual in the room,isn't there

5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。

有的句子单独看其意义时,可能不止一个选项适合于它,但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如:(1)There is _____ needn't buy any.(2) There is _____ have to buy some.()从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no,但与后面的

句意结合看,答案则是唯一的:(1)B,(2)C.

There be句型命题趋向有两个方面:一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型,即“There be +sb.+doing sth.+地点/时间状语”。

下面是一些英语中考试题原题:

are _____ days in a week.

seven seventh

are few _____ in the 's go and buy som e peas,carrots and cabbages.

!There are some _____ on the floor.

were two _____ people at yesterday's meeting.

of

letter from my uncle was wasn't _____ news.

few

6.—Oh,there isn't enough _____ for us in the lift.

—It doesn't matter,let's wait for the next.

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