国际贸易词汇术语大全 Glossary of international trade 中英对照

附件二

Glossary of international trade 国际贸易词汇对照表Net national gains from trade国家净贸易收益

World price 世界价格

Trade pattern 贸易结构

Gravity model 重力模型

zero-sum trade 零和贸易

Positive-sum trade 正和贸易

Chapter 3

Absolute advantage 绝对优势

Comparative advantage 比较优势

Mercantilism 重商主义

Opportunity cost 机会成本

Principle of comparative advantage 比较优势原理

Relative price 相对价格

Production-possibility curve (ppc) 生产可能性曲线

Constant returns to scale 规模报酬不变

Increasing marginal costs 边际成本递增

Indifference curve 无差异曲线

Community indifference curve: 社会无差异曲线

Terms of trade 贸易条件

Chapter 4

Labor productivity 劳动生产率

Labor-abundant 劳动充裕

Labor-intensive 劳动密集型

Heckscher-Ohlin theory 赫克歇尔-俄林理论

Short run 短期

Long run 长期

Stolper-Samuelson theorem 斯托帕-萨缪尔森定理

The specialized-factor pattern 特定要素类型

Factor-price equalization theorem 要素价格均等化定理

Leontief paradox 里昂替夫之谜

Chapter 5 : alternative theories of trade

Net trade 净贸易

Intra-industry trade 产业内贸易

Product differentiation 产品差异化

Economies of scale 规模经济

Internal scale economies 内部规模经济

External scale economies 外部规模经济

Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争

Oligopoly 寡头

Chapter 6: growth and trade

Economic growth 经济增长

Balanced growth 平衡增长

Biased growth 不平衡增长

Rybczynski theorem 罗伯津斯基定理

Dutch disease 荷兰病

Small country 小国

Large country 大国

Immiserizing growth 贫困化增长

Research and development (R&D) 研究和发展

Diffusion 扩散

Product cycle hypothesis 产品周期假说

Chapter 7

Demand for imports 进口需求

Consumer surplus 消费者剩余

Producer surplus 生产者剩余

International price or world price 国际价格

Elasticity 弹性

Price elasticity of demand 需求价格弹性

Price elasticity of supply 供给价格弹性

One-dollar, one-vote metric 一元一票制

Tariff 关税

Specific tariff 从量税

Ad valorem tariff 从价税

Consumption effect 消费者效应

Production effect 生产者效应

Effective rate of protection: 有效保护率

Monopsony power 买主垄断力

Terms-of-trade effect 贸易条件效应

Prohibitive tariff 禁止性关税

Nationally optimal tariff 国家最优关税

Chapter 8: nontariff barriers to imports

Nontariff barrier (NTB) 非关税壁垒

Import quota (or just quota) 进口配额

Fixed favoritism 固定偏向性

Resource-using application procedures（基于）资源使用的申请程序Voluntary export restraint (VER) 自动出口限制

Domestic content requirement 国内含量要求

Mixing requirement 混合含量要求

World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税贸易总协定

Section 301 301条款

Import-license auction 进口许可证拍卖

Chapter 9 arguments for and against protection Second-best world 次优世界

Externalities 外部性

Specificity rule 特定规则

Infant industry argument 幼稚产业论

Tariff escalation 关税升级

Sudden-damage effect 骤然损害效应